PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT AND COMPOSITION OF THE BODY OF PREMATURE INFANTS IN THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE POTENTIALS OF INTRAUTERINE AND POSTNATAL GROWTH

Infants with severe and moderate bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are characterized by long-term persistence of apnea of prematurity and often have a pulmonary hypertension (PH). Respiratory pauses, accompanied by intermittent hypoxia, do not clinically manifest themselves, therefore cardiorespiratory monitoring (CRM) is required. We hypothesized that the persistent of apnea, as the cause of hypoxemia episodes, may be associated with the persistence of PH in infants with BPD. The aim of the study was to evaluate the dynamics of cardiorespiratory parameters and to study the relationship between obstructive apnea and PH during the first year of life of premature infants with BPD + PH. Materials and methods. CRM was performed in 58 infants were born at 26 0/7-31 0/7 weeks gestation and with birth weight less than 1500 grams, before discharge from the hospital (35-44 weeks of post menstrual age). 14 infants did not have BPD (group without BPD). 44 infants had BPD and 17 of them had a complication of this disease PH (BLD + PH group). Other infants with BPD did not have PH (BLD-PH group). Eight infants with BPD also underwent a study at home (aged 9 to 10 months of life). Results. Preterm infants with BPD + PH were more significant decrease in the average SpO2, higher desaturation index and more a number of desaturation episodes of <10% compared to infants with BPD-PH and without BPD. There was no difference in the apnea/hypopnea index and frequency of occurrence of different types of apnea between groups. There was no difference in cardiorespiratory performance in infants with BPD+PH compared to infants with BPD-PH in 9-10 months of life. Conclusions. There was a positive dynamics of cardiorespiratory parameters in infants with BPD+PH in 9-10 months after discharge from the hospital. The number of infants with an index of OA> 1/hour is higher in the group BPD+LH.

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Effect of physical rehabilitation programs on the recovery sensorimotor functions in premature infants during the postnatal ontogenes’s period

Medical Council ◽

10.21518/2079-701x-2021-11-14-21 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 14-21

Author(s):

A. N. Nalobina ◽

M. V. Volova ◽

A. N. Dakuko

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Physical Rehabilitation ◽

The State ◽

Autonomic Regulation ◽

The Body ◽

First Year ◽

Rehabilitation Programs ◽

Adaptive Capabilities ◽

First Year Of Life

Introduction. Improving the treatment of premature infants is one of the priorities in the development of perinatal care for children in Russia. The widespread introduction of modern high-tech methods of resuscitation of premature children has shown its effectiveness in improving their survival. However this has led to an increase in various health disorders. Therefore, it is extremely important to determine and practically use effective technologies of medical care that will not only save the lives of children born prematurely, but also significantly affect their health indicators in subsequent age periods.Purpose of the study. To study the influence of various physical rehabilitation programs on the development of adaptive reactions and correction of impaired sensorimotor functions in early postnatal ontogenesis in premature infants.Materials and methods. A comprehensive study of 120 infants in the first year of life was carried out, including functional testing, anthropometric, general clinical and physiological methods for the development and assessment of the impact of physical rehabilitation programs of different volume and content on sensorimotor development and the state of adaptive capabilities of the body of premature infants in the first year of life.Results. The maximum effectiveness of rehabilitation measures for premature infants of the first year of life was noted only with a combination of sympathetic type of autonomic regulation of the heart rate and a program that included therapeutic exercises, massage, dry immersion and hydrokinesitherapy. In premature babies with a pronounced predominance of sympathetic regulation of the heart rhythm, the smallest rehabilitation programs are most appropriate.Conclusions. When developing a physical rehabilitation program, it is necessary to take into account the state of the adaptive capabilities of the body of premature infants in the first year of life, which can be determined by the type of autonomic regulation of the heart rate.

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НЕДОНОШЕННЫЕ ДЕТИ: ФАКТОРЫ РИСКА, ОТДАЛЕННЫЕ ПОСЛЕДСТВИЯ

Health and Ecology Issues ◽

10.51523/2708-6011.2018-15-2-3 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 15-19

Author(s):

L. V. Krivitskaya

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Neurological Disorders ◽

Perinatal Period ◽

Physical Development ◽

Psychomotor Development ◽

First Year ◽

Premature Births ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Modern Technologies

In recent years there is an increasing topicality of the problem of prematurity because of the growing incidence of premature births in spite of the treatment of pregnant women and application of modern technologies of pregnancy prolongation. According to the WHO report (2015), 15 million children are born prematurely every year and this number is increasing. The article analyzes the risk factors for miscarriage depending on the degree of prematurity and also studies the pathology of the perinatal period, physical and psychomotor development in the first year of life of premature infants. Some distant outcomes of prematurity related to disturbances of physical development, motor and neurological disorders, and premature infant`s intellectual malfunction have been analyzed.

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Modern approaches to the physical development indicators in children in their first months of life

Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics) ◽

10.21508/1027-4065-2020-65-2-15-21 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 65 (2) ◽

pp. 15-21

Author(s):

G. A. Alyamovskayа ◽

Е. S. Sakharova ◽

E. S. Keshishyan

Keyword(s):

Body Mass ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Growth Curves ◽

Physical Development ◽

First Year ◽

Metabolic Disturbances ◽

Growth Standards ◽

Development Indicators ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Growth Assessment

The design of new growth standards for infants in first years of life is one of the important problems in pediatrics today. Clinical issues showed, that body mass indices are not representative for body composition and couldn’t be used as indicators of growth harmony. In definite periods of age, body mass indices correlate with fat-free and fat mass and can be predictors of metabolic disturbances in adulthood. Child’s feeding in first year of life substantially influences to monthly gain of weight, height and head circumference; growth rate is also determined of gestational age. For growth assessment in premature infants, especially born before 27 week of pregnancy, special centile growth curves with considering of feeding and modern nursing tactics should have be used.

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The communication between low birth weight premature infants and their mothers in the first year of life: A description of four cases

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e579192013-410 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

D. Bissessur ◽

M. Pascoe ◽

P. Mayers

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Premature Infants ◽

First Year ◽

First Year Of Life

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Factors Associated with Maternal Opinion of Infant Development—Clues to the Vulnerable Child?

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.69.5.537 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 69 (5) ◽

pp. 537-543

Author(s):

Marie C. McCormick ◽

Sam Shapiro ◽

Barbara Starfield

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Infant Development ◽

Infant Health ◽

Subsequent Development ◽

First Year ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Slow Development ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

A mother's expectations about the development of her infant have been found to be a strong determinant of child development, but little is known about the factors that may affect maternal assessment of development. In this study, the relationship of the mother's opinion of the development of her infant with several sociodemographic, antenatal, intrapartum, and infant health variables was examined for a large sample of 1-year-old infants for whom gross motor observations were also obtained at the time of the interview. Among those observed to be developing at an appropriate rate, 4.0% were perceived by their mothers as developing more slowly than the mothers considered normal; among infants developing more slowly, 28.6% were considered to be developing slowly by their mothers. In both groups, the major determinants of maternal opinion of slow development concerned the infant's health: low birth weight, congenital anomalies regardless of severity, hospitalization during the first year of life, and high ambulatory care use. These results indicate that maternal perception of infant development may not reflect the infant's level, but past or present illness, and raise questions about the influence of infant health on maternal-infant interactions and the effect of such interactions on subsequent development in the child.

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Abnormal Shoulder Girdle Muscle Tone in Premature Infants During Their First 18 Months of Life

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.77.5.664 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 77 (5) ◽

pp. 664-669

Author(s):

Michael K. Georgieff ◽

Judy C. Bernbaum

Keyword(s):

Premature Infants ◽

Motor Development ◽

Muscle Tone ◽

Birth Asphyxia ◽

Shoulder Girdle ◽

First Year ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Girdle Muscle ◽

Shoulder Girdle Muscle

To document the incidence of and neonatal factors associated with abnormal shoulder girdle muscle tone in premature infants at follow-up, we studied 125 consecutively admitted infants weighing < 1,750 g treated in The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia intensive care nursery and subsequently seen in the Neonatal Follow-up Program up to 18 months of age. Fifty-seven infants (46%) displayed abnormal shoulder girdle muscle tone which presented clinically as scapular retractions. These infants had significantly lower birth weights (P < .001) and gestational age (P < .001) as well as a higher incidence of acute and chronic pulmonary disease (P < 0.01) and CNS insults (P < .05) when compared with infants without scapular retractions. The 57 infants with scapular retractions were further divided into two groups: 42 infants (74%) in whom scapular retractions were associated with generalized mild hypertonicity and 15 infants (26%) in whom scapular retractions compensated for trunk and neck hypotonicity. The infants with scapular retractions and hypotonicity had a significantly higher incidence of neonatal neurologic morbidity including seizures, major resuscitations, and birth asphyxia (P < .01) when compared with the infants with scapular retractions and hypertonicity. Shoulder girdle tone abnormalities in the first year of life inhibit crawling, sitting, and object manipulation and, therefore, may manifest as delays in motor development. Identification of infants with significant neonatal risk factors for tone abnormalities is important to allow for earlier therapeutic intervention.

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THE EFFECT OF MONTHLY GAMMA-GLOBULIN ADMINISTRATION ON MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY FROM INFECTION IN PREMATURE INFANTS DURING THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.32.1.4 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 4-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jules Amer ◽

Esther Ott ◽

Frank A. Ibbott ◽

Donough O'Brien ◽

C. Henry Kempe

Keyword(s):

Premature Infants ◽

Gamma Globulin ◽

Repeated Administration ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Controlled Study ◽

First Year ◽

Double Blind ◽

First Year Of Life

A double-blind controlled study to determine the effect on infections of repeated administration of large doses of gamma-globulin to premature infants revealed that significantly more of these infants had no infections and fewer had mild infections during the first year of life. The data also suggests that gamma-globulin afforded some amelioration of serious but nonfatal infections. Deaths from infection showed a similar trend in favor of the gamma-globulin group, but this difference on its own was not significant.

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HEMATOPOIESIS IN PREMATURE INFANTS WITH SPECIAL CONSIDERATION OF THE EFFECT OF IRON AND OF ANIMAL-PROTEIN FACTOR

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.16.6.753 ◽

1955 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 753-762

Author(s):

James A. Wolff ◽

Alice M. Goodfellow

Keyword(s):

Premature Infants ◽

Animal Protein ◽

Iron Therapy ◽

First Year ◽

Protein Factor ◽

Anemia Of Prematurity ◽

Significant Difference ◽

One Year ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Weight Groups

Normal values in the first 3 months of life have been determined for hemoglobin, erythrocytes, reticulocytes, platelets, leukocytes and differential counts for premature infants with birth weights less than 1200 gm., and for those between 1200 and 1500 gm. at birth. No significant difference was found in the degree of depression of levels of hemoglobin and erythrocytes when values in the 2 weight groups were compared. Two reticulocyte peaks occur during the first 3 months of life. The first peak is present immediately after birth. The second peak, at about the eighth week, coincides with the occurrence of the greatest degree of anemia. Neither iron therapy nor treatment with animal-protein factor containing vitamin B12 and Aureomycin®, started before the end of the third week of life, had a statistically significant effect on the early phase of the anemia of prematurity. Untreated premature infants and those given animal-protein factor were anemic at the end of the first year of life. Subjects given iron therapy had normal hemoglobin values at one year of age. Blood transfusion is rarely necessary in the treatment of the anemia of prematurity.

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