scholarly journals Modern approaches to the physical development indicators in children in their first months of life

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
G. A. Alyamovskayа ◽  
Е. S. Sakharova ◽  
E. S. Keshishyan
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
First Year ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Growth Standards ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Growth Assessment

The design of new growth standards for infants in first years of life is one of the important problems in pediatrics today. Clinical issues showed, that body mass indices are not representative for body composition and couldn’t be used as indicators of growth harmony. In definite periods of age, body mass indices correlate with fat-free and fat mass and can be predictors of metabolic disturbances in adulthood. Child’s feeding in first year of life substantially influences to monthly gain of weight, height and head circumference; growth rate is also determined of gestational age. For growth assessment in premature infants, especially born before 27 week of pregnancy, special centile growth curves with considering of feeding and modern nursing tactics should have be used.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF FEEDING ON THE BASIC PARAMETERS OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF INFANTS LIVING IN GOMEL DURING THEIR FIRST YEAR OF LIFE

2017 ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
A. A. Kozlovsky ◽  
V. A. Melnik ◽  
E. V. Kurashevich ◽  
A. A. Kozlovsky1 (Jr) ◽  
E. O. Lopatenko
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Chest Circumference ◽  
First Year ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
First Year Of Life

Aim of research: to carry out comparative assessment of monthly gains of length, body mass, head circumference, and chest circumference in healthy full-term infants during their first year of life receiving different types of feeding. Material and methods of research. We have analyzed monthly gains of the basic parameters of physical development of 200 full-term infants by the results of the retrospective survey of histories of infant development performed at Branch No. 3 of state health institution «Gomel City Central Children`s Out-Patient Clinic». Results. We have revealed accelerated gains of body mass, head circumference, and chest circumference in the first quarter and some lag of these parameters in other periods (as compared to the parameters recommended by the WHO). At the same time, the gain of body length practically did not differ from the standard one. On the whole, the average gains of body mass and body length, head circumference, and chest circumference in most the infants by 12 months did not differ from the standard ones. Only the girls receiving artificial feeding noted an inadequate gain of body length in comparison with the standard one (22.34 and 25 см correspondingly; -10.6 %), and those who were receiving natural feeding detected a decrease of the average gain of chest circumference by 10.4 %. Conclusion. We have found uneven rates of gains of the basic parameters of physical development in contemporary infants during their first year of life which do not depend on the type of feeding.

scholarly journals НЕДОНОШЕННЫЕ ДЕТИ: ФАКТОРЫ РИСКА, ОТДАЛЕННЫЕ ПОСЛЕДСТВИЯ

2018 ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
L. V. Krivitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
First Year ◽  
Premature Births ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Modern Technologies

In recent years there is an increasing topicality of the problem of prematurity because of the growing incidence of premature births in spite of the treatment of pregnant women and application of modern technologies of pregnancy prolongation. According to the WHO report (2015), 15 million children are born prematurely every year and this number is increasing. The article analyzes the risk factors for miscarriage depending on the degree of prematurity and also studies the pathology of the perinatal period, physical and psychomotor development in the first year of life of premature infants. Some distant outcomes of prematurity related to disturbances of physical development, motor and neurological disorders, and premature infant`s intellectual malfunction have been analyzed.

Abnormal Shoulder Girdle Muscle Tone in Premature Infants During Their First 18 Months of Life

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 664-669
Author(s):  
Michael K. Georgieff ◽  
Judy C. Bernbaum
Keyword(s):  
Premature Infants ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Shoulder Girdle ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Girdle Muscle ◽  
Shoulder Girdle Muscle

To document the incidence of and neonatal factors associated with abnormal shoulder girdle muscle tone in premature infants at follow-up, we studied 125 consecutively admitted infants weighing < 1,750 g treated in The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia intensive care nursery and subsequently seen in the Neonatal Follow-up Program up to 18 months of age. Fifty-seven infants (46%) displayed abnormal shoulder girdle muscle tone which presented clinically as scapular retractions. These infants had significantly lower birth weights (P < .001) and gestational age (P < .001) as well as a higher incidence of acute and chronic pulmonary disease (P < 0.01) and CNS insults (P < .05) when compared with infants without scapular retractions. The 57 infants with scapular retractions were further divided into two groups: 42 infants (74%) in whom scapular retractions were associated with generalized mild hypertonicity and 15 infants (26%) in whom scapular retractions compensated for trunk and neck hypotonicity. The infants with scapular retractions and hypotonicity had a significantly higher incidence of neonatal neurologic morbidity including seizures, major resuscitations, and birth asphyxia (P < .01) when compared with the infants with scapular retractions and hypertonicity. Shoulder girdle tone abnormalities in the first year of life inhibit crawling, sitting, and object manipulation and, therefore, may manifest as delays in motor development. Identification of infants with significant neonatal risk factors for tone abnormalities is important to allow for earlier therapeutic intervention.

Growth of Southern Elephant Seals, Mirounga leonina, during their First Foraging Trip

1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron M. Bell ◽  
Harry R. Burton ◽  
Mark A. Hindell
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
First Year ◽  
Mirounga Angustirostris ◽  
Mirounga Leonina ◽  
Elephant Seals ◽  
Southern Elephant Seals ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Foraging Skills

A longitudinal study of growth of southern elephant seals, Mirounga leonina, during their first foraging trip was undertaken at Macquarie Island. On average, body mass increased by 75% while foraging at sea, with individuals growing at 0.34 ± 0.12 (s.d.) kg day-1 (n = 64), and spending 182 ± 51 days (n = 64) at sea. Relatively smaller changes in body length were recorded during the same period, suggesting that growth was composed primarily of adjustments to body composition, rather than increases in gross body size. This may be in response to the functional demands of pelagic life. Body size established early in life (birth mass and departure mass) positively influenced body mass upon return from the first foraging trip. Growth rate, however, was negatively related to departure mass for females, and this is hypothesised to be related to sex differences in body composition, as well as intrasex differences in foraging skills, diving ability and food- conversion efficiency. Despite this, there was no detectable age-specific sexual dimorphism in the first year of life. Animals that were at sea longer tended to return in better body condition. Interspecific comparison suggests that southern elephant seals grow more than do northern elephant seals, Mirounga angustirostris, and this difference may be related to prey abundance and distribution.

scholarly journals Safety of potential breast milk exposure to IFN-β or glatiramer acetate

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. e757
Author(s):  
Andrea Ines Ciplea ◽  
Annette Langer-Gould ◽  
Anna Stahl ◽  
Sandra Thiel ◽  
Annette Queisser-Wahrendorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Glatiramer Acetate ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
First Year ◽  
Motor Delay ◽  
Infant Outcomes ◽  
First Year Of Life

ObjectiveTo determine whether potential breast milk exposure to interferon-beta (IFN-β) or glatiramer acetate (GA) is safe for the infant.MethodsWe identified 74 infants born to 69 women with MS who breastfed under IFN-β (n = 39), GA (n = 34), or both (n = 1). Women had been enrolled into the German Multiple Sclerosis and Pregnancy Registry during pregnancy. Data were obtained from standardized, telephone-administered questionnaires completed by the mother during pregnancy and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postpartum and the infant's take-home medical record.ResultsThe median duration of exposed breastfeeding was 8.5 months (wide interquartile range: 4.9–12.7 months). Physical growth curves during the first year of life were consistent with national, sex-specific growth curves. Median body measurements were consistent with national medians. Most children (n = 71, 96%) had normal motor and language development. Gross motor delay was reported in 3 children, of whom 1 remained delayed at last follow-up (3.9 years old) and 2 were normal by 0.9 and 4.1 years old. The proportion of children hospitalized at least once (girls n = 2, 7%, and boys n = 6, 14%) and the proportion of children with at least one episode of systemic antibiotic use during the first year of life (girls n = 7, 23%, and boys n = 8, 18%) are consistent with national averages.ConclusionPotential breast milk exposure to IFN-β or GA did not increase the risk of common adverse infant outcomes in the first year of life. Taken together with the benefits of breastfeeding and low biological plausibility of risk, women with MS who wish to resume IFN-β or GA postpartum can be encouraged to breastfeed.

THE EFFECT OF MONTHLY GAMMA-GLOBULIN ADMINISTRATION ON MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY FROM INFECTION IN PREMATURE INFANTS DURING THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jules Amer ◽  
Esther Ott ◽  
Frank A. Ibbott ◽  
Donough O'Brien ◽  
C. Henry Kempe
Keyword(s):  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
First Year Of Life

A double-blind controlled study to determine the effect on infections of repeated administration of large doses of gamma-globulin to premature infants revealed that significantly more of these infants had no infections and fewer had mild infections during the first year of life. The data also suggests that gamma-globulin afforded some amelioration of serious but nonfatal infections. Deaths from infection showed a similar trend in favor of the gamma-globulin group, but this difference on its own was not significant.

HEMATOPOIESIS IN PREMATURE INFANTS WITH SPECIAL CONSIDERATION OF THE EFFECT OF IRON AND OF ANIMAL-PROTEIN FACTOR

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1955 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 753-762
Author(s):  
James A. Wolff ◽  
Alice M. Goodfellow
Keyword(s):  
Premature Infants ◽  
Animal Protein ◽  
Iron Therapy ◽  
First Year ◽  
Protein Factor ◽  
Anemia Of Prematurity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Year ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Weight Groups

Normal values in the first 3 months of life have been determined for hemoglobin, erythrocytes, reticulocytes, platelets, leukocytes and differential counts for premature infants with birth weights less than 1200 gm., and for those between 1200 and 1500 gm. at birth. No significant difference was found in the degree of depression of levels of hemoglobin and erythrocytes when values in the 2 weight groups were compared. Two reticulocyte peaks occur during the first 3 months of life. The first peak is present immediately after birth. The second peak, at about the eighth week, coincides with the occurrence of the greatest degree of anemia. Neither iron therapy nor treatment with animal-protein factor containing vitamin B12 and Aureomycin®, started before the end of the third week of life, had a statistically significant effect on the early phase of the anemia of prematurity. Untreated premature infants and those given animal-protein factor were anemic at the end of the first year of life. Subjects given iron therapy had normal hemoglobin values at one year of age. Blood transfusion is rarely necessary in the treatment of the anemia of prematurity.

scholarly journals The assessment of neurocognitive functions in premature infants in the first year of life using Bayley Scales

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (4. Vyp. 2) ◽  
pp. 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Kiselev ◽  
O. A. Lvova ◽  
T. Gliga ◽  
N. I. Bakushkina ◽  
E. V. Suleimanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Premature Infants ◽  
First Year ◽  
Neurocognitive Functions ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Bayley Scales
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