Lay-leds as Educators: A self-Management Educational Programme for Adolescents with Chronic Conditions

2017 ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Maria Isabel Dias Costa Malheiro
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Educational Programme ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Educational Programmes

Current health guidelines aim to increase the responsibility of people with chronic conditions to self-care. Literature studies highlight educational programmes for self-management of chronic conditions as a holistic approach, involving special health needs and emotional, psychological and social needs. Lorig and Holman (with adults and the elderly population) and Malheiro (with adolescent’s with spina bifida) have proposed self-management educational programmes, using ‘Lay-leds’, as mentors on programmes. These programmes have proven effective, with positive health outcomes, such as improvement on adherence to therapy, functionality and decrease of use of emergency services and hospitalisations and reducing health costs. Thus, we propose to adapt and implement this education programme for self-management of adolescents with diabetes type 1, using Lay-leds as educators, and evaluate their effectiveness on self-management competences, quality of life, self-efficacy, physical activity motivation, self-concept, HbA1c, variability in heart rate, blood pressure, body mass index and anthropometric profile. Keywords: Self-management programme, adolescents, chronic conditions, Lay-leds.

scholarly journals The Effect of a Tailored Health Education Programme on Medication Management in the Elderly

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Salma Mohamed Samir El Said ◽  
Ghada Essam El-Din Amin ◽  
Essam Mohamed Baumy Helal ◽  
Reham Salah Amin Radwan ◽  
Hoda MF Wahba
Keyword(s):  
Medication Management ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Educational Programme ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medication Knowledge ◽  
Educational Programmes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Health Education Programme

Background. Empowering the elderly by education programs can decrease medication problems, morbidity, and mortality. Methods. A cross-sectional study to identify trends and baseline medication management among the elderly in nursing homes followed by an interventional study (tailored educational programme) offered within the same population followed by reassessment of the same medication management domains. Results. There was no effect regarding nursing home participants’ medication knowledge before and after intervention, while there were variable degrees of significant statistical differences in how the participants obtain and take their medications as well as their total deficiency scores before and after intervention. Other domains were also variably affected. Conclusion. It is vital to ensure that patients have sufficient knowledge regarding their medications and how to handle and administer them. Different domains may variably be affected by educational programmes mainly due to preassessment deficits. Educational programmes need to be tailored according to the requirements of the population targeted.

GPS' PERCEPTION OF THE PATIENT ORIENTED INTERVENTIONS AS KEY ELEMENTS OF PATIENT CENTRED CARE FOR PEOPLE WITH MULTIMORBIDITY.pdf

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 561-565
Author(s):  
Radost Assenova ◽  
Levena Kireva ◽  
Gergana Foreva
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Patient Centered Care ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Multiple Chronic Conditions ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Patient Centred Care ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
Health Related

Background: Patients with multimorbidity represent a significant portion of the primary healthcare population. For healthcare providers, managing patients with multiple chronic conditions represents a challenge given the complexity and the intensity of interventions. Integrated and patient-centered care is considered an effective response to the needs of people who suffer from multiple chronic conditions. According to the literature providing patient-centered care is one of the most important interventions in terms of positive health-related outcomes for patients with multimorbidity.Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the GPs’ perception of patient oriented interventions as key elements of patient centred care for patients with multimorbidity.Material and methods: A cross-sectional pilot study was conducted among randomly selected 73 GPs. A direct individual anonymous survey was performed to explore the opinion of respondents about the importance of two patient-oriented interventions, each one including specific elements of patient-centered care for patients with multimorbidity. The tool was developed as a result of the scoping review performed by Smith et al. (2012;2016). A 5-point Likert scale (0-not at all, 1-little, 2-rather, 3-much, 4-very strong) was used. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics. In processing the data, the software product for statistical analyses - SPSS version 17 was performed for Windows XP.Results: Our results show that both categories - providing patient-oriented approach and self-management support interventions were highly accessed by the respondents. The most frequent categories of interventions identified in our study were Creating individualized and adapted interventions, Performing regular contacts and Reinforcing adherence. Less frequently reported elements such as Considering relatives’ needs and Developing self-management plan are still underestimated by the Bulgarian GPs.Conclusions: The acceptance and understanding of innovative patient-centered interventions adapted to patients with multimorbidity could be accepted as a good indicator for improving health-related outcomes and care for patients with multiple chronic conditions.

Impact of an Epilepsy Educational Programme on Coping Mechanism, Attitude, Knowledge and Awareness: A Rural Sabah Experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Sivaraj Raman ◽  
Chun Wai Chang ◽  
Jin Ee Heng ◽  
See Wan Wong
Keyword(s):  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Educational Programme ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Coping Mechanism ◽  
Brief Cope ◽  
Educational Programmes ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Programme Planning

Epilepsy is a disabling disease which has not been adequately emphasised as a public health concern. Patients are often left in the dark about their disease, affecting their ability to cope and live a normal life. This study aimed to explore and evaluate the effects of a structured epilepsy education programme (EEP) on awareness, knowledge and attitude (AKA) and coping mechanism of patients. Recruited participants were required to complete the modified Malay AKA epilepsy questionnaire and Malay brief coping orientation to problem experienced (Brief COPE)-27. Upon completion, they received a structured EEP conducted by trained personnel using validated materials. Participants were then followed up for a period of 6 months and reassessed at 1, 3 and 6 months to measure any changes in their AKA and coping mechanisms. Twenty-two participants were successfully recruited. Total AKA score of participants showed a significant increase (mean score difference = 16.3, p = 0.021, 95% CI: 3.0, 28.1) at 6 months post-EEP. This improvement was mostly contributed by the increase in both knowledge and attitude scores. Religion was the most preferred coping mechanism (82.5%), followed by instrumental support, emotional support, active coping and acceptance at 75.0%, respectively. Only three domains showed significant differences after the educational programme: planning: 62.5% versus 77.5%, p = 0.026; denial: 57.5% versus 37.5%, p = 0.004; venting: 62.5% versus 52.5%, p = 0.004. The EEP was effective in improving attitude and knowledge while bringing about changes in coping skills of patients over a period of time. Educational programmes should be part of epilepsy standard of care, especially as they are inexpensive and brief yet impactful

scholarly journals Distress Tolerance Intervention for Improving Self-Management of Chronic Conditions: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth S. Russell ◽  
Courtney R. Lincoln ◽  
Angela R. Starkweather
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Distress Tolerance ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Self Management ◽  
High Level ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Theory Practice Gap

Background: The inability to tolerate distress can negatively influence effective self-management (SM) of chronic conditions by interfering with the ability to focus on illness needs and impairing problem-solving and prioritizing capabilities, as well as engagement in SM activities. Interventions to increase distress tolerance offer a holistic approach to chronic disease SM and may enhance the individual’s ability to apply SM skills and resources to improve quality of life and overall health. The purpose of this systematic review was to deepen understanding of the relationships among distress tolerance and goal-oriented problem-solving as an aspect of chronic disease SM. Method: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses recommendations were used to develop a search strategy, selection criteria, screening, and identification and extraction procedures. PubMed, CINAHL, PsychInfo, and Scopus were searched from 2006 to December 2017 using the following search terms: distress tolerance, chronic conditions, self-management. Results: Across the 11 studies included in the literature review, there was a high level of heterogeneity in the use of subjective and objective measures to assess distress tolerance, and only one study included instruments to measure goal-oriented problem-solving, the target of distress tolerance interventions that are assumed to influence the selected health outcome. Conclusion: Further research is needed on the efficacy of distress tolerance interventions for improving SM of chronic conditions. Theory-driven interventions that explicate the precise goal-oriented problem-solving and SM behaviors that are expected to change as a result of the distress tolerance intervention will provide insight on the efficacy of the intervention and help close the theory–practice gap.

User-Centered Design Enhances Usability of an mHealth System for Users with Dexterity Impairments (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuntal Chowdhary ◽  
Daihua Xie Yu ◽  
Gede Pramana ◽  
Andrea Fairman ◽  
Brad Edward Dicianno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Self Management ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
User Centered

BACKGROUND Mobile health (mHealth) systems have been shown to be useful in supporting self-management by promoting adherence to schedules and longitudinal health interventions, especially in people with disabilities (PwD). The Interactive Mobile Health and Rehabilitation (iMHere) System was developed to empower PwD and those with chronic conditions with supports needed for self-management and independent living. Since the first iteration of the iMHere 1.0 app, several studies have evaluated accessibility and usability of the system. Potential opportunities to improve and simplify the user interface (UI) were identified, and the iMHere modules were redesigned accordingly. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the usability of the redesigned modules within iMHere 1.0. METHODS This study evaluated the original and redesigned MyMeds and SkinCare modules. To assess the participants’ dexterity levels, the Purdue Pegboard Test (PPBT) was administered. Participants were then asked to perform a set of tasks using both the original and redesigned MyMeds and SkinCare modules to assess efficiency and effectiveness. Usability was measured using the Telehealth Usability Questionnaire (TUQ) to evaluate 10 new accessibility features that were added to the redesigned app. Participants were also asked which version they preferred. RESULTS Twenty-four participants with disabilities and varied degrees of dexterity impairments completed the entire study protocol. Participants displayed improved efficiency and effectiveness of use when using the redesigned modules, as compared to the original modules. Participants also reported improved usability and preferred the redesigned modules. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that the iMHere System became more efficient, effective, and usable for individuals with dexterity impairments after redesigning it according to user-centered principles.

scholarly journals Vitamins in Human and Donkey Milk: Functional and Nutritional Role

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1509
Author(s):  
Silvia Vincenzetti ◽  
Giuseppe Santini ◽  
Valeria Polzonetti ◽  
Stefania Pucciarelli ◽  
Yulia Klimanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Donkey Milk ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Vitamin Status ◽  
Fat Soluble Vitamins

Background: Whole milk is a good source of all the nutrients, and it also contains a sufficient number of vitamins to permit regular the growth of the neonate. Dairy cow milk can create allergy in infants less than 12 months old because of the high caseins and β-lactoglobulin content. In these circumstances, donkey milk can represent a good replacement for dairy cows’ milk in children affected by Cow Milk Protein Allergy (CMPA) because of its close chemical composition with human milk, mainly due to its low protein and low mineral content. Milk vitamin content is highly variable among mammalian species and it is strictly correlated with the vitamin status and the diet administered to the mother. Fat-soluble vitamins content in donkey milk is, on average, lower compared to ruminants’ milk, while vitamin C content determined in donkey milk is higher compared to dairy cows’ milk, showing a great similarity with human milk. In donkey milk, the content of vitamins of the B-complex such as thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, and folic acid is higher compared to human milk. The use of donkey milk as a new functional food must be further evaluated in interdisciplinary clinical trials in which pediatricians, dietitians, and food scientists must be involved to deepen the knowledge about the positive health impact of donkey milk in different sensitive people, especially children and the elderly.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of an eHealth self-management tool for older adults with multimorbidity (KeepWell): protocol for a hybrid effectiveness–implementation randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e048350
Author(s):  
Monika Kastner ◽  
Julie Makarski ◽  
Leigh Hayden ◽  
Jemila S Hamid ◽  
Jayna Holroyd-Leduc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Plain Language ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionIn response to the burden of chronic disease among older adults, different chronic disease self-management tools have been created to optimise disease management. However, these seldom consider all aspects of disease management are not usually developed specifically for seniors or created for sustained use and are primarily focused on a single disease. We created an eHealth self-management application called ‘KeepWell’ that supports seniors with complex care needs in their homes. It incorporates the care for two or more chronic conditions from among the most prevalent high-burden chronic diseases.Methods and analysisWe will evaluate the effectiveness, cost and uptake of KeepWell in a 6-month, pragmatic, hybrid effectiveness–implementation randomised controlled trial. Older adults age ≥65 years with one or more chronic conditions who are English speaking are able to consent and have access to a computer or tablet device, internet and an email address will be eligible. All consenting participants will be randomly assigned to KeepWell or control. The allocation sequence will be determined using a random number generator.Primary outcome is perceived self-efficacy at 6 months. Secondary outcomes include quality of life, health background/status, lifestyle (nutrition, physical activity, caffeine, alcohol, smoking and bladder health), social engagement and connections, eHealth literacy; all collected via a Health Risk Questionnaire embedded within KeepWell (intervention) or a survey platform (control). Implementation outcomes will include reach, effectiveness, adoption, fidelity, implementation cost and sustainability.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval has been received from the North York General Hospital Research and Ethics Board. The study is funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Ontario Ministry of Health. We will work with our team to develop a dissemination strategy which will include publications, presentations, plain language summaries and an end-of-grant meeting.Trial registration numberNCT04437238.

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