Growing Up With Chronic Illness: Psychosocial Adjustment of Children and Adolescents With Cystic Fibrosis

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
BECKY CHRISTIAN
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Psychosocial Adjustment ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Developmental Change ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Nursing Research ◽  
Inclusion Criteria

This chapter reviews the published research from 1980 through 2001 on the psychosocial adjustment of children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis. The inclusion criteria were that research was conducted by nurses and researchers from related disciplines that focused on the psychosocial adjustment of children (6 to 12 years) and/or adolescents (13 to 22 years) with cystic fibrosis (CF). Three computerized databases were used for retrieval: Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medline, and PsycINFO. Of the 74 citations published from 1980 through 2001, only 20 studies met the inclusion criteria, including 7 nursing research studies and 13 studies published by nonnurses in related disciplines. Key findings from this review were that the focus of nursing research was on the social consequences of chronic illness, while the non-nursing research focused on self-concept, self-worth, and psychiatric symptoms of anxiety, worry, and behavior problems. Only two programs of research were identified. Developmental science was used as a guiding framework for the critique of the research. Recommendations for future research include developmentally sensitive longitudinal studies to track developmental change and stability over time, as well as research that captures individual developmental differences.

Sibling Adjustment to Childhood Chronic Illness: An Integrative Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 107484072097717
Author(s):  
Shannon Lummer-Aikey ◽  
Sara Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Psychosocial Adjustment ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Childhood Chronic Illness ◽  
Family Nursing ◽  
Sibling Adjustment ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Future Research Directions

Siblings of children with a chronic illness are among the close family members impacted by childhood chronic illness. Family roles, routines, and functioning are adjusted to fit the needs of the child and family throughout the course of the illness. Empirical articles regarding adjustment of healthy siblings of children with chronic illnesses ages 0 to 17 years, published in 2000 to 2019 were searched on PsycInfo, PubMed, and Medline using the keywords “sibling adjustment,” “sibling chronic,” and “sibling illness.” Through thematic synthesis, four broad topics emerged concerning sibling adjustment to chronic illness: (a) experiences, (b) psychosocial adjustment, (c) coping, and (d) communication. Implications for family nursing and family health practitioners and future research directions are presented.

Children With Cystic Fibrosis: I. Psychological Test Findings of Patients, Siblings, and Parents

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 888-894
Author(s):  
William F. Gayton ◽  
Stanford B. Friedman ◽  
Joseph F. Tavormina ◽  
Ford Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Emotional Disturbance ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Family Satisfaction ◽  
Psychological Test ◽  
Personality Testing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Family ◽  
Q Sort

Psychological evaluation of 43 families, each with a child with cystic fibrosis, is reported. Personality testing of the parents showed that 32% of the fathers and 22% of the mothers obtained scores in the range suggestive of emotional disturbance. The Family-Concept Q Sort assessment of family interaction indicated that the primary effect of having a child with cystic fibrosis was in terms of decreased family satisfaction and family adjustment. The results do not support previous estimates of an increased incidence of emotional disturbance in children with cystic fibrosis. Evidence for negative psychological impact of chronic illness on sibling development was also lacking. Future research would benefit from a focus on the strengths and resilience of children with cystic fibrosis and their families.

Clinimetric Analysis of Outcome Measures for Airway Clearance in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma E Stanford ◽  
Mandy Jones ◽  
Susan C Charman ◽  
Diana Bilton ◽  
Omar S Usmani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Validity Assessment ◽  
Airway Clearance

Abstract Background Airway clearance techniques (ACTs) are integral to cystic fibrosis (CF) management. However, there is no consensus as to which outcome measures (OMs) are best for assessing ACT efficacy. Objectives: To summarise OMs that have been assessed for their clinimetric properties (including validity, feasibility, reliability & reproducibility) within the context of ACT research. MethodsEligibility Criteria - Any parallel or cross-over randomised controlled trial (RCT) investigating outcome measures for ACT in the CF population. Information sources: Five medical databases; clinicaltrials.gov; abstracts from international CF conferences. Risk of Bias - The authors planned to independently assess study quality and risk of bias using the COSMIN risk of bias checklist with external validity assessment based upon study details (participants and study intervention).Synthesis of Results – Two review authors (GS and MJ) independently screened search results against inclusion criteria, further data extraction was planned but not required.ResultsIncluded studies - No completed RCTs from the 187 studies identified met inclusion criteria for the primary or post-hoc secondary objective. Two ongoing trials were identified.DiscussionLimitations of evidence: The search strategy may have missed some lesser-known terms for ACT or manuscripts reporting clinimetric properties solely within text. Studies validating outcome measures for use in other aspects of CF, which may be relevant to ACT, are not included.Interpretation - High-quality RCTs are urgently needed to investigate & validate the clinimetric properties of OMs used to assess ACT efficacy. With the changing demographics of CF combined with the introduction of CFTR modulator therapies, an accurate assessment of the current benefit of ACT or the effect of ACT withdrawal is a high priority for clinical practice and future research and OMs which have been validated for this purpose are essential.OtherFunding: NIHR/HEE Clinical Doctoral Fellowship grant for GS (reference CDRF-2014-05-055).Systematic review registration number - PROSPERO no.CRD42020206033

scholarly journals Abdominal Pain in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Lanyi ◽  
Christopher Flynn ◽  
Arlene Mannion ◽  
Leanne Maher ◽  
Katie Naughton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Adolescents With Autism

AbstractThe aim of this study was to review the existing literature on abdominal pain in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. Systematic search of four databases (PsycINFO, ERIC, PubMed, MEDLINE) identified 13 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Articles were analyzed for common themes, including the prevalence of abdominal pain and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, associations between abdominal pain/GI symptoms and behavioral and emotional concerns, associations between abdominal pain/GI symptoms, and other comorbid disorders and treatment options based on gut bacteria, diet, and probiotics. Reasons for varying prevalence rates, persistence of symptoms over time, comorbidities, and different treatment options are discussed. Clinical implications and recommendations for future research are also discussed.

scholarly journals Pathological demand avoidance in children and adolescents: A systematic review

Autism ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 136236132110343
Author(s):  
Arvid N Kildahl ◽  
Sissel B Helverschou ◽  
Anne L Rysstad ◽  
Elisabeth Wigaard ◽  
Jane MA Hellerud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Controversial Issue ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Parental Report ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Autistic People ◽  
Wide Range

Requests for pathological demand avoidance diagnoses have increased over recent years but pathological demand avoidance remains a controversial issue. We undertook a systematic review of peer-reviewed studies of pathological demand avoidance, using standardised appraisal and synthesis methods, to assess how pathological demand avoidance is identified and to explore the relationships between pathological demand avoidance, autism and other developmental/psychiatric disorders. A search of PsycINFO/PubMed/MEDLINE/Embase identified 13 studies meeting inclusion criteria. Narrative synthesis was chosen due to methodological heterogeneity of the identified studies. Autistic children/adolescents constituted the majority of participants in most studies. Most studies provided clearly defined inclusion criteria together with adequate descriptions of participants and study settings. Almost all studies relied on the parental report of pathological demand avoidance symptoms/diagnosis. Identification of pathological demand avoidance in all studies seemed to be, directly or indirectly, based on the criteria developed by Newson et al. While eight studies used objective criteria for the identification of pathological demand avoidance, the measures used have methodological limitations. Though associations with anxiety have been reported, few studies took account of possible relationships between pathological demand avoidance and other conditions, such as anxiety. Methodological limitations restrict current conclusions regarding the uniformity or stability of the constellation of behaviours associated with pathological demand avoidance or the characteristics of individuals displaying them. Clinical implications of current research are discussed. Lay Abstract Requests for diagnoses of pathological demand avoidance have increased over recent years, but pathological demand avoidance remains a controversial issue. The concept of pathological demand avoidance has been criticised for undermining the self-advocacy of autistic people and neglecting the potential role of anxiety as a possible underlying or contributing cause. The current study was undertaken to summarise and review the methodological quality and findings from current research into pathological demand avoidance in children and adolescents. Further aims were to describe how pathological demand avoidance has been identified and to explore the relationships with autism and other developmental and psychiatric disorders. After a comprehensive search, 13 relevant studies using a wide range of methods were identified and systematic quality assessments were undertaken. All the studies had based the identification of pathological demand avoidance, directly or indirectly, on descriptions from the original study by Newson and colleagues. However, the methods used to develop these criteria were not clearly described. Most studies relied exclusively on parental report for data, and there was a general failure to take account of alternative explanations for the behaviours under study. No studies explored the views of individuals with pathological demand avoidance themselves. Problems concerning definition and measurement in the reviewed studies currently limit any conclusions regarding the uniformity or stability of the behaviours described, or the characteristics of individuals displaying them. Relationships between pathological demand avoidance and other emotional and behavioural difficulties should be explored in future research, as should the perspectives of individuals with pathological demand avoidance themselves.

Contraception and thrombophilia

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (02) ◽  
pp. 193-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Rott ◽  
A. Kruempel ◽  
G. Kappert ◽  
U. Nowak-Göttl ◽  
S. Halimeh
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Illness ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Thromboembolic Events ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Secondary Complications ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Coagulation Proteins

SummaryThe risk of thromboembolic events (TE) is increased by acquired or inherited thrombo -philias (IT). We know that some hormonal contraceptives also increase the risk of thrombosis, thus, the use of such contraceptives are discussed as contraindications in women with IT. TEs are infrequent events in children and adolescents and in the majority of cases are associated with secondary complications from underlying chronic illness. Although adolescents are not typically considered to be at high-risk for TE, this cohort is frequently using hormonal contraception, leading to an increased risk in cases with unknown IT. The risk of TE with pregnancy alone is higher than associated with combined hormonal contra -ception. Progestin-only methods have not been found to increase the risk of TE with only moderate changes of coagulation proteins compared to normal reference values. Conclusion: Thrombophilic women are good candidates for progestin-only contraceptive methods.

The Social Consequences of Phubbing

2020 ◽  
pp. 157-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariek Vanden Abeele
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Expectancy Violations ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Review ◽  
The Social

Recent empirical work suggests that phubbing, a term used to describe the practice of snubbing someone with a phone during a face-to-face social interaction, harms the quality of social relationships. Based on a comprehensive literature review, this chapter presents a framework that integrates three concurrent mechanisms that explain the relational impact of phubbing: expectancy violations, ostracism, and attentional conflict. Based on this framework, theoretically grounded propositions are formulated that may serve as guidelines for future research on these mechanisms, the conditions under which they operate, and a number of potential issues that need to be considered to further validate and extend the framework.

scholarly journals Limited evidence for return to sport testing after ACL reconstruction in children and adolescents under 16 years: a scoping review

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martijn Dietvorst ◽  
Maarten H. Brzoskowski ◽  
Marieke van der Steen ◽  
Eugenie Delvaux ◽  
Rob P. A. Janssen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Return To Sport ◽  
Test Battery ◽  
Ligament Injury ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Movement Quality ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Strength Tests

Abstract Specific return to sport criteria for children and adolescents after anterior cruciate ligament injury and reconstruction are unknown. The aim of this scoping review is to provide an overview of current tests regarding return to sport for children and adolescents. This scoping review was performed according to the PRISMA statement. A systematic search was performed on PubMed and EMBASE. The inclusion criteria were diagnostic and prognostic studies evaluating tests regarding return to sport after ACL injury and reconstruction in children/adolescents (age < 18 years). Twenty-six studies were included, of which 22 studies evaluated tests in the age category of 16 to 18 years. All studies evaluated tests after ACL reconstruction, no studies have been conducted in non-operative patients. Strength tests, movement quality and patient reported outcomes measures (PROMs) are investigated most frequently. Clearance for return to sport should be based on a test battery including strength tests, movement quality during sport-specific tasks and (paediatric) patient reported outcome measures. There are no recommendations on which specific tests regarding quantity and quality of movement should be used. Future research should aim at at developing and validating a test battery including movement quality and neuromotor control in a sport-specific context for both younger children and adolescents after both operative and non-operative treatment.

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