Local Allometric Equations for Estimating Above-Ground Biomass (AGB) of Mangroves (Rhizophora spp. and Avicennia germinans) from the Komo, Mondah and Rio Mouni Estuaries in Gabon

The aboveground biomass (AGB) of Gabonese mangroves is commonly estimated from equations calibrated in other countries, and is generally adapted poorly to the local context. This paper focuses on developing local allometric equations for the AGB estimation and to evaluate their accuracy compared to other general equations. The local equations for Rhizophora spp and Avicennia germinans were performed with tree volume, bark and wood densities, and are used with the diameter as an independent variable. The heights and diameters of 408 trees (314 Rhizophora spp and 94 Avicennia germinans) were measured at 13 sites in Estuaire Province. Sixty-four aliquots were taken from the trunks of both species at the Mondah site. This site has tree diameters ranging from 2 to 127 cm for Avicennia and from 1.4 to 75.8 cm for Rhizophora. The tree height ranges from 0.9 to 24 m for Avicennia, and from 1.1 to 53 m for Rhizophora. Avicennia has an overall trunk density of 0.88 g/cm3 and Rhizophora has 1.17 g/cm3. The coefficient of determination (R2) of the equations are 0.98 for Rhizophora spp, 0.97 for Avicennia germinans, and 0.99 for the general equation. The seven equation display biases that are less than 1% and the root mean square errors vary between 0.073 and 1.68. Compared to other equations generally used, these local equations improve the accuracy of aboveground biomass estimations of Gabonese mangroves.

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Use Basal Diameter to Establish Mixed Species Allometric Equations Predicting Woody Stand Biomass in the Sudano-guinea Savannahs of Ngaoundere, Cameroon

Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International ◽

10.9734/jaeri/2020/v21i430137 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Mamadou Laminou Mal Amadou ◽

Halilou Ahmadou ◽

Ahmadou Ibrahim ◽

Tchindebe Alexandre ◽

Massai Tchima Jacob ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tree Height ◽

Allometric Equation ◽

Information Criteria ◽

Allometric Equations ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

Leaf Biomass ◽

Allometric Relationships ◽

Above Ground Biomass ◽

Basal Diameter ◽

Ground Biomass

Little information on allometric relationships for estimating stand biomass in the savannah of Cameroon was available. Allometric relationships for estimating stand biomass were investigated in the sudano-guinea savannah of Ngaoundere, Cameroon. A total of 90 individual woody from sixteen (16) contrasting plant species belonging shrubs and trees were harvested in Dang savannah across a range of diameter classes, from 3 to 35 cm. Basal diameter (D), total height (H) and tree density were determined and considered as predictor variables, while total above-ground biomass, stem, branch and leaf biomass were the output variables of the allometric models. Among many models tested, the best ones were chosen according to the coefficient of determination adjusted (R2adj), the residual standard error (RSE) and the Akaike Information Criteria. The main results showed that the integration of tree height and density with basal diameter improved in the degree of fitness of the allometric equations. The fit allometric stand biomass model for leaf, branch, stem and above ground biomass were the following forms: Ln(LB) = -5.08 + 2.75*Ln(D) – 0.30*Ln(D2Hρ); Ln(BB) = -7.81 + 1.29*Ln(D2H) – 0.39*Ln(ρ); Ln(SB) = -5.08 + 2.40*Ln(D) +0.50*Ln(H) and Ln(TB) = -5.07 + 3.21*Ln(D) – 0.12*Ln(D2Hρ) respectively. It is concluded that the use of tree height and density in the allometric equation can be improved for these species, as far as the present study area is concerned. Therefore, for estimating the biomass of shrubs and small trees, the use of basal diameter as an independent variable in the allometric equation with a power equation would be recommended in the Sudano-guinea savannahs of Ngaoundere, Cameroon. The paper describes details of shrub biomass allometry, which is important in carbon stock and savannah management for the environmental protection.

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Histamine Control in Raw and Processed Tuna: A Rapid Tool Based on NIR Spectroscopy

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10040885 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 885

Author(s):

Sergio Ghidini ◽

Luca Maria Chiesa ◽

Sara Panseri ◽

Maria Olga Varrà ◽

Adriana Ianieri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Mean Square ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Nir Spectroscopy ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Partial Least Square Regression ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

Mean Square ◽

Tuna Fish ◽

Mean Square Errors

The present study was designed to investigate whether near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy with minimal sample processing could be a suitable technique to rapidly measure histamine levels in raw and processed tuna fish. Calibration models based on orthogonal partial least square regression (OPLSR) were built to predict histamine in the range 10–1000 mg kg−1 using the 1000–2500 nm NIR spectra of artificially-contaminated fish. The two models were then validated using a new set of naturally contaminated samples in which histamine content was determined by conventional high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. As for calibration results, coefficient of determination (r2) > 0.98, root mean square of estimation (RMSEE) ≤ 5 mg kg−1 and root mean square of cross-validation (RMSECV) ≤ 6 mg kg−1 were achieved. Both models were optimal also in the validation stage, showing r2 values > 0.97, root mean square errors of prediction (RMSEP) ≤ 10 mg kg−1 and relative range error (RER) ≥ 25, with better results showed by the model for processed fish. The promising results achieved suggest NIR spectroscopy as an implemental analytical solution in fish industries and markets to effectively determine histamine amounts.

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Drying of MalaysianCapsicum annuumL. (Red Chili) Dried by Open and Solar Drying

International Journal of Photoenergy ◽

10.1155/2013/167895 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Ahmad Fudholi ◽

Mohd Yusof Othman ◽

Mohd Hafidz Ruslan ◽

Kamaruzzaman Sopian

Keyword(s):

Root Mean Square ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

Mean Bias Error ◽

Bias Error ◽

Solar Drying ◽

Mean Square ◽

Drying Time ◽

Sun Drying ◽

65 H ◽

Mean Square Errors

This study evaluated the performance of solar drying in the Malaysian red chili (Capsicum annuumL.). Red chilies were dried down from approximately 80% (wb) to 10% (wb) moisture content within 33 h. The drying process was conducted during the day, and it was compared with 65 h of open sun drying. Solar drying yielded a 49% saving in drying time compared with open sun drying. At the average solar radiation of 420 W/m2and air flow rate of 0.07 kg/s, the collector, drying system, and pickup demonstrated efficiency rates of approximately 28%, 13%, and 45%, respectively. Evaporative capacity ranged from 0.13 to 2.36 kg/h, with an average of 0.97 kg/h. The specific moisture extraction rate (SMER) of 0.19 kg/kWh was obtained. Moreover, the drying kinetics ofC. annuumL. were investigated. A nonlinear regression procedure was used to fit three drying models. These models were compared with experimental data on red chilies dried by open sun drying and those dried by solar drying. The fit quality of the models was evaluated using their coefficient of determination (R2), mean bias error, and root-mean-square error values. The Page model resulted in the highestR2and the lowest mean bias and root-mean-square errors.

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The accuracy of species-specific allometric equations for estimating aboveground biomass in tropical moist montane forests: case study of Albizia grandibracteata and Trichilia dregeana

Carbon Balance and Management ◽

10.1186/s13021-019-0134-8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Damena Edae Daba ◽

Teshome Soromessa

Keyword(s):

Forest Ecosystem ◽

Aboveground Biomass ◽

Forest Type ◽

Model Performance ◽

Allometric Equation ◽

Allometric Equations ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

Biomass Estimation ◽

Moist Forest ◽

Species Specific

Abstract Background Application of allometric equations for quantifying forests aboveground biomass is a crucial step related to efforts of climate change mitigation. Generalized allometric equations have been applied for estimating biomass and carbon storage of forests. However, adopting a generalized allometric equation to estimate the biomass of different forests generates uncertainty due to environmental variation. Therefore, formulating species-specific allometric equations is important to accurately quantify the biomass. Montane moist forest ecosystem comprises high forest type which is mainly found in the southwestern part of Ethiopia. Yayu Coffee Forest Biosphere Reserve is categorized into Afromontane Rainforest vegetation types in this ecosystem. This study was aimed to formulate species-specific allometric equations for Albizia grandibracteata Tuab. and Trichilia dregeana Sond. using the semi-destructive method. Results Allometric equations in form of power models were developed for each tree species by evaluating the statistical relationships of total aboveground biomass (TAGB) and dendrometric variables. TAGB was regressed against diameter at breast height (D), total height (H), and wood density (ρ) individually and in a combination. The allometric equations were selected based on model performance statistics. Equations with the higher coefficient of determination (adj.R2), lower residual standard error (RSE), and low Akaike information criterion (AIC) values were found best fitted. Relationships between TAGB and predictive variables were found statistically significant (p ≤ 0.001) for all selected equations. Higher bias was reported related to the application of pan-tropical or generalized allometric equations. Conclusions Formulating species-specific allometric equations is found important for accurate tree biomass estimation and quantifying the carbon stock. The developed biomass regression models can be applied as a species-specific equation to the montane moist forest ecosystem of southwestern Ethiopia.

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The allometric relationships for estimating above-ground biomass and carbon stock in an abandoned traditional garden in East Kalimantan, Indonesia

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d220228 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Karyati Karyati ◽

Kusno Yuli Widiati ◽

Karmini Karmini ◽

Rachmad Mulyadi

Keyword(s):

Aboveground Biomass ◽

Carbon Stock ◽

Global Climate ◽

Tree Height ◽

Carbon Stocks ◽

Allometric Equations ◽

Leaf Biomass ◽

Allometric Relationships ◽

Plant Parts ◽

East Kalimantan

Abstract. Karyati, Widiati KY, Karmini, Mulyadi R. 2021. The allometric relationships for estimating aboveground biomass and carbon stock in an abandoned traditional garden in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 751-762. The existence of traditional gardens after abandonment process has a role based on ecological and economic aspects. To estimate the biomass and carbon stock in the abandoned traditional gardens, specific allometric equations are required. The aim of this study was to develop allometric equations to estimate biomass of plant parts (leaf, branch, trunk, and aboveground biomass (AGB)) through tree dimensions variables (diameter at breast height (DBH), total tree height, and tree bole height). The relationships between stem biomass, AGB and tree dimensions were very strong indicated by the relatively high adjusted R2 value. The moderately strong relationships were shown between branch biomass and tree dimensions, meanwhile, the relationship between leaf biomass and tree dimensions was very weak. The specific allometric equations for estimating biomass and carbon stocks that are suitable for tree species and/or forest stands at a particular site are very useful for calculating the carbon stocks and sequestration. The appropriate biomass and carbon stock calculation are needed to determine policies related to global climate change.

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Total biomass and biomass production of Pinusroxburghii trees growing in all-aged natural forests

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x82-096 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 632-640 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

O. P. Chaturvedi ◽

J. S. Singh

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Fine Roots ◽

Tree Height ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Allometric Equations ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Natural Forests ◽

Individual Tree ◽

Sample Tree ◽

Independent Variable

Detailed morphometric measurements for individual trees in an age series (16–128 years) of P. roxburghii Sarg were carried out. The dry weight of each component of the tree increased with age and total aboveground biomass in a 128-year-old tree was 1939 kg. Satisfactory allometric equations relating biomass of different components with circumference at breast height (cbh) and square diameter × height (d2h) were developed. The error in estimates was lower when the independent variable included tree height. Within an individual tree the biomass of bole increased downwards and the canopy of the tree was concentrated towards the upper part of the tree. The intercomponent biomass relationships were also significant, and the resulting allometric equations carried less error than the equations using cbh as the independent variable. The cumulative dry matter produced by a sample tree within its lifetime was much greater than the respective current biomass. The largest proportion of the production was accounted for by the tree crown and fine roots, while the largest biomass resided in the bole. The maximum current biomass increment was attained at the age of 39 years. The mean annual production increased with age except for bole and root system where it first increased and then attained a constant value after 61 years. The relationships of bole and shoot production per annum to total leaf area and fine roots for different age periods indicated a significant spurt of activity during 36–39 years and a secondary limited spurt during 97–103 years in the life history. The production of nonphotosynthetic components was significantly related with the leaf area and with foliage production.

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Biomass equations for calabrian pine in the mediterranean region of Turkey

Šumarski list ◽

10.31298/sl.140.11-12.4 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 140 (11-12) ◽

pp. 567-576 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Turan Sönmez ◽

Mehmet Yavuz ◽

Abdurrahman Şahin ◽

Aydin Karhiman

Keyword(s):

Mediterranean Region ◽

Tree Height ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Allometric Equations ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Above Ground Biomass ◽

Ground Biomass ◽

Calabrian Pine ◽

Biomass Equations ◽

The Mediterranean

The aim of this study was to develop allometric equations for the estimation of above-ground biomass components of Calabrian pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) tree in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Using regression analysis, different allometric equations were fitted for the tree components of the above-ground biomass using diameter at breast height (dbh) and tree height as estimators. Two hundred and ninety-two trees between 0.4 and 63.0 cm in dbh were randomly sampled throughout 292 natural, pure Calabrian pine stands in Turkey’s Mediterranean Region, where it forms diverse stand structures. Finally, the allometric equations were developed for the tree components of the Calabrian pine tree for the stem, bark, branch, needle and total above-ground biomass. The stem, bark and total biomass equations explained more than 90% of the observed variability, while the branch and needle biomass equations explained 82% and 65%, respectively.

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Allometric Equations for Estimating Aboveground Biomass of Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake in East Nusa Tenggara

Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika (Journal of Tropical Forest Management) ◽

10.7226/jtfm.27.1.24 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 24-31

Author(s):

R Sadono ◽

◽

W Wahyu ◽

F Idris

Keyword(s):

Aboveground Biomass ◽

Tree Height ◽

Allometric Equation ◽

Allometric Equations ◽

Accurate Estimation ◽

Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽

Individual Tree ◽

Eucalyptus Plantation ◽

Diameter At Breast Height ◽

Breast Height

Understanding the essential contribution of eucalyptus plantation for industry development and climate change mitigation requires the accurate quantification of aboveground biomass at the individual tree species level. However, the direct measurement of aboveground biomass by destructive method is high cost and time consuming. Therefore, developing allometric equations is necessary to facilitate this effort. This study was designed to construct the specific allometric models for estimating aboveground biomass of Eucalyptus urophylla in East Nusa Tenggara. Forty two sample trees were utilized to develop allometric equations using regression analysis. Several parameters were selected as predictor variables, i.e. diameter at breast height (D), quadrat diameter at breast height combined with tree height (D2H), as well as D and H separately. Results showed that the mean aboveground biomass of E. urophylla was 143.9 ± 19.44 kg tree-1. The highest biomass were noted in stem (80.06%), followed by bark (11.89%), branch (4.69%), and foliage (3.36%). The relative contribution of stem to total aboveground biomass improved with the increasing of diameter class while the opposite trend was recorded in bark, branch, and foliage. The equation lnŶ = lna + b lnD was best and reliable for estimating the aboveground biomass of E. urophylla since it provided the highest accurate estimation (91.3%) and more practical than other models. Referring to these findings, this study concluded the use of allometric equation was reliable to support more efficient forest mensuration in E. urophylla plantation.

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HOW TO ESTIMATE BLACK WATTLE ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS FROM HETEROSCEDASTIC DATA?

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v51i1.65236 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 028

Author(s):

Thiago Wendling Gonçalves de Oliveira ◽

Vinícius Morais Coutinho ◽

Luan Demarco Fiorentin ◽

Mateus Niroh Inoue Sanquetta ◽

Carlos Roberto Sanquetta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aboveground Biomass ◽

Nonlinear Models ◽

Basic Density ◽

Tree Height ◽

Error Variance ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Independent Variable ◽

Black Wattle ◽

Total Tree

This study developed a system of equations for predicting total aboveground and component biomass in black wattle trees. A total of 140 black wattle trees at age 10 years were measured regarding their diameter at 1.30 m height above the ground (d), total tree height (h), basic wood density (branches and stem), and biomass (stem, crown, and aboveground). We evaluated the performance of linear and nonlinear allometric models by comparing the statistics of R2adj., RRMSE%, and BIC. Nonlinear models performed better when predicting crown biomass (using only d as an independent variable), and stem and aboveground biomass (using d and h as independent variables). Adding basic density did not significantly improve biomass modeling. The residuals had non-homogeneous variance; thus, the fitted equations were weighted, with weights derived from a function containing the same independent variables of the fitted biomass function. Subsequently, we used a simultaneous set of equations to ensure that the sum of each component's estimated biomass values was equal to the total biomass values. Simultaneous fitting improved the performance of the equations by guaranteeing the components' additivity, and weighted regression allowed to stabilize error variance, ensuring the homoscedasticity of the residuals.

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Biomass and vegetation index by remote sensing in different caatinga forest areas

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20201104 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 52 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Leudiane Rodrigues Luz ◽

Vanderlise Giongo ◽

Antonio Marcos dos Santos ◽

Rodrigo José de Carvalho Lopes ◽

Claudemiro de Lima Júnior

Keyword(s):

Aboveground Biomass ◽

Vegetation Index ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Absolute Error ◽

Allometric Equations ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

Forest Fragments ◽

Vegetation Indexes ◽

Landscape Transformations ◽

The Relationship

ABSTRACT: Continued unsustainable exploitation of natural resources promotes environmental degradation and threatens the preservation of dry forests around the world. This situation exposes the fragility and the necessity to study landscape transformations. In addition, it is necessary to consider the biomass quantity and to establish strategies to monitor natural and anthropic disturbances. Thus, this research analyzed the relationship between vegetation index and the estimated biomass using allometric equations in different Brazilian caatinga forest areas from satellite images. This procedure is performed by estimating the biomass from 9 dry tropical forest fragments using allometric equations. Area delimitations were obtained from the Embrapa collection of dendrometric data collected in the period between 2011 and 2012. Spectral variables were obtained from the orthorectified images of the RapidEye satellite. The aboveground biomass ranged from 6.88 to 123.82 Mg.ha-1. SAVI values were L = 1 and L = 0.5, while NDVI and EVI ranged from 0.1835 to 0.4294, 0.2197 to 0.5019, 0.3622 to 0.7584, and 0.0987 to 0.3169, respectively. Relationships among the estimated biomass and the vegetation indexes were moderate, with correlation coefficients (Rs) varying between 0.64 and 0.58. The best adjusted equation was the SAVI equation, for which the coefficient of determination was R² = 0.50, R2aj = 0.49, RMSE = 17.18 Mg.ha-1 and mean absolute error of prediction (MAE) = 14.07 Mg.ha-1, confirming the importance of the Savi index in estimating the caatinga aboveground biomass.

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