Modelling and Optimizing the Removal of Methylene Blue by a Mixture of Titaniferous Sand and Attapulgite Using Complete Factorial Design

This paper focuses on the removal of methylene blue by adsorption using a mixture of titaniferous sand and attapulgite. The different adsorbents were characterized by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and their different parameters such as pH, zero charge potential, and specific surface area were determined. The experiments performed were optimized and modeled by a full 2-level and 4-factor design. The four factors are the ratio of titaniferous sand and attapulgite, the concentration of methylene blue, pH, and time. These vary from 4 to 19, 20 to 100 mg/L, 2 to 9, and 30 to 150 min respectively. The study of the effects of the different factors showed that the effect of methylene blue concentration and pH significantly influence the adsorption capacity and removal efficiency of the dye. The optimum parameters (adsorbent ratio, adsorbate concentration, pH and time) obtained for the adsorption capacity through the desirability function are: 19, 100mg/L, 9 and 150min. Those obtained for the yield are: 4, 100mg/L, 9, 150min. The pseudo second order adsorption kinetics gave an equilibrium adsorption capacity qe (calculated) = 7.6863 mg/g which is almost equal to that obtained experimentally qe (exp) = 7.3562 mg/g. This shows that the pseudo second order kinetic model is the adequate mathematical model to describe the methylene blue adsorption phenomenon on the mixture of titaniferous sand and attapulgite. The thermodynamic study showed that the methylene blue adsorption reaction is exothermic, non-spontaneous, and the degree of disorder of the particles at the adsorbing surface decreases.

Download Full-text

Kinetics and Isotherm Studies on Adsorption of Hexavalent Chromium Using Activated Carbon from Water Hyacinth

Chemistry & Chemical Technology ◽

10.23939/chcht15.01.001 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Angelica Macalalad ◽

◽

Quennie Rose Ebete ◽

Dominic Gutierrez ◽

Madelaine Ramos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Hexavalent Chromium ◽

Water Hyacinth ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Second Order ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Adsorbate Concentration ◽

Order Kinetic Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order

The present study is focused on the use of activated carbon derived from water hyacinth (WH-AC) as adsorbent for the removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. The optimized WH-AC was found to be mesoporous and considered as granular. The surface area of 11.564 m2/g was found to have a good adsorption capacity. The adsorption data of the optimized WH-AC followed a pseudo-second order kinetics and the Freundlich isotherm model. Based on the correlation coefficient obtained from pseudo-second-order kinetic model, the R2 values were all above 0.99, which is closer to unity of one (1) indicating that it followed a chemisorption process. The adsorption capacity of WH-AC increased from 1.98 to 4.68 mg/g when adsorbate concentration increased from 20 to 50 mg/l. The overall study proved that the adsorption by activated carbon derived from water hyacinth can be an alternative and efficient technique in hexavalent chromium removal.

Download Full-text

Study on the adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solution using hydrogel glucomannan/graphene oxide

Vietnam Journal of Catalysis and Adsorption ◽

10.51316/jca.2021.010 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 59-66

Author(s):

Son Le Lam ◽

Phu Nguyen Vinh ◽

Hieu Le Trung ◽

Tan Le Thua ◽

Nhan Dang Thi Thanh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Methylene Blue ◽

Graphene Oxide ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Organic Dyes ◽

Dye Adsorption ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Order Kinetic Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order

Glucomannan/graphene oxide (GM/GO) hydrogel was synthesized by using calcium hydroxide as the crosslinker. The synthesized material was characterized by using IR, XRD, SEM, EDX and RAMAN technology. The composite hydrogel was used for removal of organic dyes from aqueous solution. The results showed that the GM/GO hydrogel had a porous structure and a high adsorption capacity toward methylene blue (MB). The pseudo-second-order kinetic model could fit the rate equation of MB adsorption onto the GM/GO hydrogel. The adsorption of MB onto GM/GO hydrogel was a spontaneous process. In addition, the equilibrium adsorption isotherm data indicated that equilibrium data were fitted to the Langmuir isotherm and the maximum dye adsorption capacity was 198,69 mg.g-1. Moreover, the hydrogel was stable and easily recovered and adsorption capacity was around 97% of the initial saturation adsorption capacity after being used five times.

Download Full-text

Modified Spruce Sawdust for Sorption of Hexavalent Chromium in Batch Systems and Fixed-Bed Columns

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25215156 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (21) ◽

pp. 5156

Author(s):

Dororthea Politi ◽

Dimitrios Sidiras

Keyword(s):

Sulfuric Acid ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Hexavalent Chromium ◽

Diethylene Glycol ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Second Order ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Order Kinetic Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order

This study investigated the potential use of spruce sawdust that was pretreated with diethylene glycol and sulfuric acid for the removal of hexavalent chromium from wastewater. The sawdust pretreatment process was conducted at different temperatures and times. The adsorbent was characterized by quantitative saccharification, scanning electron microscopy, and Brunauer–Emmet–Teller surface area analysis. Adsorption capacity was studied for both batch and column processes. The experimental adsorption isotherms were simulated using seven isotherm models, including Freundlich and Langmuir models. By using the Langmuir isotherm model, the maximal Cr(VI) adsorption capacity of organosolv-pretreated spruce sawdust (qm) was 318.3 mg g−1. Furthermore, the kinetic data were fitted to Lagergren, pseudo-second-order, and intraparticle diffusion models, revealing that the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto spruce sawdust pretreated with diethylene glycol and sulfuric acid is best represented by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Three kinetic models, namely, the Bohart–Adams model, Thomas model, and modified dose–response (MDR) model, were used to fit the experimental data obtained from the column experiments and to resolve the characteristic parameters. The Thomas adsorption column capacity of the sawdust was increased from 2.44 to 31.1 mg g−1 upon pretreatment, thus, demonstrating that organosolv treatment enhances the adsorption capability of the material.

Download Full-text

Methylene Blue Dye Removal from Aqueous Media Using Activated Carbon Prepared by Lotus Leaves: Kinetic, Equilibrium and Thermodynamic Study

Acta Chimica Slovenica ◽

10.17344/acsi.2020.6311 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 68 (2) ◽

pp. 363-373

Author(s):

Roya Salahshour ◽

Mehdi Shanbedi ◽

Hossein Esmaeili

Keyword(s):

Methylene Blue ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Sorption Process ◽

Second Order ◽

Blue Dye ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Methylene Blue Dye ◽

Order Kinetic Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Lotus Leaves

In the present work, methylene blue was eliminated from aqueous solution using activated carbon prepared by lotus leaves. To perform the experiments, batch method was applied. Also, several analyses such as SEM, FTIR, EDAX and BET were done to determine the surface properties of the activated carbon. The results showed that the maximum sorption efficiency of 97.59% was obtained in initial dye concentration of 10 mg/L, pH of 9, adsorbent dosage of 4 g/L, temperature of 25 °C, contact time of 60 min and mixture speed of 400 rpm. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity was determined 80 mg/g, which was a significant value. The experimental data was analyzed using pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and intra-particle diffusion kinetic models, which the results showed that the pseudo-second order kinetic model could better describe the kinetic behavior of the sorption process. Also, the constant rate of the pseudo-second order kinetic model was obtained in the range of 0.0218–0.0345 g/mg.min. Moreover, the adsorption equilibrium was well described using Freundlich isotherm model. Furthermore, the thermodynamic studies indicated that the sorption process of methylene blue dye using the activated carbon was spontaneous and exothermic.

Download Full-text

Application of MnO2 Materials to Dye Removal from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.361-363.760 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 361-363 ◽

pp. 760-763 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Wei Fang Dong ◽

Li Hua Zang ◽

Hao Li

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Methylene Blue ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Contact Time ◽

Dye Removal ◽

Good Alternative ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Dye Wastewater ◽

Order Kinetic Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order

The adsorption capacity was compared for the dye wastewater onto adsorbent MnO2. The effects of contact time and dosage of adsorbent were studied. The adsorption kinetics was analyzed. The results showed that MnO2 possessed higher adsorption capacity to Methylene blue than Methyl orange which the removal efficiency could reached 94.82%and 78.63% respectively under the conditions (the dosage1.2g/L, time 60min, initial dye concentration 50mg/L, pH7). The dynamical data fit well with the pseudo second order kinetic model. The MnO2 has higher Methylene blue adsorption capacity in short equilibrium times and are good alternative in wastewater treatment.

Download Full-text

Comparative Study of Ni-Zn LHS and Mg-Al LDH Adsorbents of Navy Blue and Yellow F3G Dye

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.22146/ijc.21175 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 36 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Idha Yulia Ikhsani ◽

Sri Juari Santosa ◽

Bambang Rusdiarso

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Second Order ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Disperse Dyes ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Initial Ph ◽

Isotherm Adsorption ◽

Order Kinetic Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order

Adsorption of disperse dyes from wastewater onto Ni-Zn LHS (layered hydroxide salts) and Mg-Al LDH (layered double hydroxides) has been compared in this study. Effects of initial pH solution, contact time and initial dye concentration were investigated. The ability of the adsorbent to be reused was also studied. The results showed that acidic condition was favorable for the adsorption of each dyes onto both adsorbent. The adsorption kinetics was studied using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and Santosa’s kinetics models. The experimental data fits well with the pseudo-second order kinetic model. The equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The results showed that adsorption of navy blue onto both adsorbent followed Freundlich isotherm adsorption, while yellow F3G followed Langmuir isotherm adsorption. In the application for the adsorption the wastewater containing dyes, Ni-Zn LHS has a better adsorption capacity of 52.33 mg/g than that of Mg-Al LDH that 30.54 mg/g. Calcination of the adsorbent which has already been used increased the adsorption capacity of Mg-Al LDH to 84.75 mg/g, but decreased the adsorption capacity of the Ni-Zn LHS to 42.65 mg/g.

Download Full-text

Kinetic and Thermodynamics of Methylene Blue Adsorption onto Zero Valent Iron Supported on Mesoporous Silica

BULLETIN OF CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING AND CATALYSIS ◽

10.9767/bcrec.11.2.443.250-261 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 250 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Atyaf Khalid Hameed ◽

Nugroho Dewayanto ◽

Du Dongyun ◽

Mohd Ridzuan Nordin ◽

Mohd Hasbi Ab Rahim

Keyword(s):

Methylene Blue ◽

Mesoporous Silica ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles ◽

Kinetic Studies ◽

Second Order ◽

Zero Valent Iron ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Methylene Blue Adsorption ◽

Pseudo Second Order

Zero valent iron supported on mesoporous silicanano particles (NZVI/MSNs) was prepared by the aqueous phase borohydride reduction methods. Prior to the reduction, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were prepared through the activation of fumed silica with concentrated HCl by refluxing at 90 °C. FTIR, XRD, FESEM, EDX and BET were used to characterize theadsorbents prepared. BET surface areas of MSNs, NZVI, and NZVI/MSNs were 126, 41, and 72 m2/g for, respectively. The performance of NZVI/MSNs as adsorbent was examined by adsorption of methylene blue (MB), performed in series of batch experiments. In the kinetic studies, pseudo first order and pseudo second order kinetic models were examined. The pseudo second order equation provided the best fit with the experimental data. Thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption process is endothermic with ΔH° was 90.53 kJ/mol. Positive ΔS° (300 J/mol) and negative ΔG° (-6.42 kJ/mol) was recorded, indicating the spontaneous of the adsorption process and naturally favorable. Copyright © 2016 BCREC GROUP. All rights reservedReceived: 5th March 2016; Revised: 18th March 2016; Accepted: 18th March 2016How to Cite: Hameed, A.K., Dewayanto, N., Dongyun, D., Nordin, M.R., Mohd Hasbi Ab. Rahim, M.H.A. (2016). Kinetic and Thermodynamics of Methylene Blue Adsorption onto Zero Valent Iron Supported on Mesoporous Silica. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 11 (2): 250-261 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.11.2.443.250-261)Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.11.2.443.250-261

Download Full-text

Polymer-Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Methylene Blue Adsorption

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma11081312 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1312 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Xinyu Zheng ◽

Huaili Zheng ◽

Rui Zhao ◽

Yongjun Sun ◽

Qiang Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Methylene Blue ◽

Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Monomer Concentration ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽

Order Kinetic Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order

The removal of methylene blue (MB) from wastewater has attracted global concerns. In this study, polymer-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles for MB removal, Fe3O4@SiO2-MPS-g-AA-AMPS (FSMAA), were successfully synthesized by grafting acrylic acid (AA) and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) on the surface of vinyl-modified Fe3O4@SiO2. With various characterization techniques, it was confirmed that the obtained FSMAA had a core–shell structure, a good magnetic property, and plenty of functional groups on its surface. MB adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption capacity of FSMAA was notably enhanced as the grafted monomer concentration and solution pH were increased. The adsorption kinetic data and isothermal data were well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir model, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of FSMAA was 421.9 mg g−1 with grafted monomer concentration at 2.0 mol L−1 and solution pH at 9, much higher than those of other adsorbents stated in previous literatures. Based on XPS analysis, surface adsorption mechanism between FSMAA and MB was electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic interaction. Furthermore, FSMAA was effectively regenerated by acid pickling, and the remaining adsorption capacity was more than 60% after eight adsorption–regeneration cycles. All the results demonstrated the self-made FSMAA was a desirable adsorbent to remove MB from wastewater.

Download Full-text