scholarly journals The Comparison of Scraping, Trichogram, and Taping Techniques for Diagnosis of Demodicosis in Dog (PERBANDINGAN TEKNIK SCRAPING, TRICHOGRAM, DAN TAPING DALAM MENDIAGNOSIS DEMODEKSOSIS PADA ANJING).

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
I Nyoman Suartha ◽  
Willy Moris Nainggolan ◽  
Yekhonya Rehuel Sidjabat ◽  
Ni Made Restiati
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Veterinary Clinic ◽  
Skin Redness ◽  
Examination Techniques ◽  
Demodex Mites ◽  
Taping Technique

Demodicosis is a parasitic disease which is predilected in skin. Demodicosis in dogs may present local or general clinical symptoms. The success of demodicosis treatment is highly dependent on dog immune conditions, nutritional status, disease status, and routine treatment. The success of the treatment is also affected by the accuracy in the diagnostic technique used. The purpose of this study was to compare the three diagnostic skin examination techniques namely scraping, trichogram, and taping to diagnose cases of demodicosis. A total of 20 dog samples was taken from dog patients that came to Bali Veterinary Clinic, at Prerenan, Badung, Bali, with symptoms of itching, hair loss, skin redness, scale, and hyperpigmentation. Sampling was done by technique of scraping, trichogram, and taping. Scraping technique was done by scraping the skin, trichogram technique was done by pulling hair, and taping technique was done by attaching the tape. The result of Demodex mite isolation from the three diagnostic techniques performed showed scraping technique 5.45 ± 1.05; trichogram technique 1.10 ± 0.91; and taping technique 3.50 ± 0.83 dogs. Its Concluded that scraping technique provides the best diagnostic value for the isolation of Demodex mites compared to the other two.

The Undiscovered Potential of Essential Oils for Treating SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (41) ◽  
pp. 5261-5277
Author(s):  
Peter J. Wilkin ◽  
Minnatallah Al-Yozbaki ◽  
Alex George ◽  
Girish K. Gupta ◽  
Cornelia M. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
World Health ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
In Silico Studies ◽  
The World

On 11th March 2020, the World Health Organisation (WHO) announced a pandemic caused by a novel beta-coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, designated COVID-19. The virus emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, has spread across the world as a global pandemic. The traditional use of medicines from plants can be traced back to 60,000 years. Global interest in the development of drugs from natural products has increased greatly during the last few decades. Essential oils (EOs) have been studied through the centuries and are known to possess various pharmaceutical properties. In the present review, we have highlighted the current biology, epidemiology, various clinical aspects, different diagnostic techniques, clinical symptoms, and management of COVID-19. An overview of the antiviral action of EOs, along with their proposed mechanism of action and in silico studies conducted, is described. The reported studies of EOs' antiviral activity highlight the baseline data about the additive and/or synergistic effects among primary or secondary phytoconstituents found in individual oils, combinations or blends of oils and between EOs and antiviral drugs. It is hoped that further research will provide better insights into EOs' potential to limit viral infection and aid in providing solutions through natural, therapeutically active agents.

Multi-Parameter Magnetic Resonance Imaging Fusion Technology Assists in Bone Diagnosis and Rehabilitation of Prostate Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1753-1760
Author(s):  
Yuzhu Jia ◽  
Yibo Ying ◽  
Jianju Feng
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
High Risk Factors ◽  
Transrectal Biopsy

Multi-parameter magnetic resonance imaging has been widely used in the diagnosis and evaluation of prostate cancer, and has important guiding significance for clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer and their treatment. This article studies the value of transrectal multiparametric ultrasound (mpUSS) in the diagnosis of clinically meaningful prostate cancer. 102 patients with high risk factors for prostate cancer were examined by mpUSS and mpMRI. The transrectal biopsy (SB) results of the prostate system were regarded as the excellent standard, and the diagnostic value of mpUSS, mpMRl and mpUSS combined with mpMRl examination for clinically meaningful prostate cancer was analyzed. The results showed that 58 of the 102 patients with SB were diagnosed with prostate cancer. Among them, 43 cases were detected by mpUSS, 50 cases were detected by mpMRl, 42 cases were detected by mpUSS combined with mpMRI (series), and 56 cases were detected by mpUSS combined with mpMRl (parallel). Grouped by Gleason score, the detection rate of mpUSS for clinically significant prostate cancer was 83.74%, and the detection rate of mpMRl was 93.5%. The comparison between the two was not statistically significant (P > 0.05), but when the two inspection methods were combined. The detection rate was 97.8%, which was significantly higher than the two inspection methods alone. Therefore, we conclude that mpUSS can be used as an imaging test for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. In addition, mpUSS has a high application value in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. The detection rate of mpUSS combined with mpMRl examination for clinically meaningful prostate cancer is significantly higher than that of mpMRl examination alone, which can be used as a diagnostic technique for early diagnosis of meaningful prostate cancer and can be used as a guide clinicians’ early diagnosis and treatment of meaningful prostate cancer.

scholarly journals Polymerase Chain Reaction and blood culture for diagnosis of canine sepsis

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Marques da Silveira ◽  
Stéfhano Luis Cândido ◽  
Karin Rinaldi dos Santos ◽  
Maerle Oliveira Maia ◽  
Roberto Lopes de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Suspected Sepsis ◽  
Fungal Dna ◽  
Polymerase Chain

ABSTRACT: Sepsis is characterized by the presence of organ dysfunction secondary to the dysregulated systemic inflammatory response associated with an infection, and has high mortality rates. Traditional diagnostic techniques based on non-microbiological isolation are time-consuming and may delay treatment. Thus, this study aimed to compare bacterial and fungal broad-range polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and blood culture for diagnosis of sepsis in dogs. Blood samples from 88 dogs with suspected sepsis were analyzed by blood culture, and PCR to detect bacterial and fungal DNA. On blood culture, 20 (22.7%) samples tested positive for bacterial isolates; however, none tested positive for fungi. Through PCR analysis, bacterial DNA was detected in 46 (52.3%) animals, whereas fungal DNA was present in one (1.1%) sample. Our results showed that PCR-based testing has important diagnostic value for canine blood infections because it has a shorter turnaround time and higher sensitivity than traditional blood culture.

scholarly journals ABDOMINAL HEMORRHAGE IN CASE OF CATATRAUMA

2016 ◽  
Vol 175 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
A. M. Khadzhibaev ◽  
P. K. Sultanov
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Abdominal Injury ◽  
Ultrasound Study ◽  
Combined Injuries ◽  
Abdominal Hemorrhage

The results of diagnostic and treatment were analyzed in 111 victims with abdominal multitrauma at the period from 2010 to 2013. Abdominal traumas were diagnosed on the basis of instrumental investigations and laparascopic data. Combined injuries were often observed in 3-5 areas. The abdominal hemorrhages were in 66 patients as a result of injury of the parenchymatous organs. Diagnostic value of clinical symptoms wasn’t more than 45,9% in abdominal catatrauma, though in case of plan radiography it was from 41,2% to 66,4% and in case of ultrasound study - 91,6%. The laparotomy was performed for 28 patients. The laparoscopy was applied in 66 cases. However, there were revealed the cases of continuing bleeding in 31 patients and because of these complications, the operations were converted to laparotomy in 27 cases. Different variants of laparoscopic coagulation were performed on 4 patients. The rate of lethality consisted of 27%. The authors proposed an algorithm of treatment of the patients with closed abdominal injury on the basis of score assessment of hemoperitoneum (according to USS), which allowed significant rise of treatment efficacy, decrease the rate of postoperative complications and lethality.

scholarly journals Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infections

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1128
Author(s):  
Irene K. Sigmund ◽  
Stephan E. Puchner ◽  
Reinhard Windhager
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Mean Platelet Volume ◽  
Preoperative Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Platelet Volume ◽  
Joint Infections ◽  
D Dimer

Accurate preoperative diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) can be very challenging, especially in patients with chronic PJI caused by low-virulence microorganisms. Serum parameters, such as serum C-reactive protein (CRP) or the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), are—among other diagnostic test methods—widely used to distinguish septic from aseptic failure after total hip or knee arthroplasty and are recommended by the AAOS in the preoperative setting. However, they are systemic parameters, and therefore, unspecific. Nevertheless, they may be the first and occasionally the only preoperative indication, especially when clinical symptoms are lacking. They are easy to obtain, cheap, and are available worldwide. In the last decade, different novel serum biomarkers (percentage of neutrophils, neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio, platelet count to mean platelet volume ratio, fibrinogen, D-Dimer, Il-6, PCT) were investigated to find a more specific and accurate serum parameter in the diagnosis of PJI. This article reviews the diagnostic value of established (serum CRP, ESR, WBC) and ‘novel’ serum inflammatory biomarkers (fibrinogen, D-dimer, interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin, percentage of neutrophils (%N), neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio (NLR), platelet count to mean platelet volume ratio (PC/mPV)) for the preoperative diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections.

scholarly journals The diagnostic value of chest X-ray in coronavirus disease 2019: A comparative study of X-ray and CT

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 003685042110162
Author(s):  
Fengxia Zeng ◽  
Yong Cai ◽  
Yi Guo ◽  
Weiguo Chen ◽  
Min Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Laboratory Examinations ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic spreads around the world, the demand for imaging examinations increases accordingly. The value of conventional chest radiography (CCR) remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of CCR in the detection of COVID-19 through a comparative analysis of CCR and CT. This study included 49 patients with 52 CT images and chest radiographs of pathogen-confirmed COVID-19 cases and COVID-19-suspected cases that were found to be negative (non-COVID-19). The performance of CCR in detecting COVID-19 was compared to CT imaging. The major signatures that allowed for differentiation between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 cases were also evaluated. Approximately 75% (39/52) of images had positive findings on the chest x-ray examinations, while 80.7% (42/52) had positive chest CT scans. The COVID-19 group accounted for 88.4% (23/26) of positive chest X-ray examinations and 96.1% (25/26) of positive chest CT scans. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CCR for abnormal shadows were 88%, 80%, and 87%, respectively, for all patients. For the COVID-19 group, the accuracy of CCR was 92%. The primary signature on CCR was flocculent shadows in both groups. The shadows were primarily in the bi-pulmonary, which was significantly different from non-COVID-19 patients ( p = 0.008). The major CT finding of COVID-19 patients was ground-glass opacities in both lungs, while in non-COVID-19 patients, consolidations combined with ground-glass opacities were more common in one lung than both lungs ( p = 0.0001). CCR showed excellent performance in detecting abnormal shadows in patients with confirmed COVID-19. However, it has limited value in differentiating COVID-19 patients from non-COVID-19 patients. Through the typical epidemiological history, laboratory examinations, and clinical symptoms, combined with the distributive characteristics of shadows, CCR may be useful to identify patients with possible COVID-19. This will allow for the rapid identification and quarantine of patients.

scholarly journals Evaluation of LDH and Gamma Interferon as Biochemical Markers for Diagnosis of Pulmonary and Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
SK Baul ◽  
SMR Hossain ◽  
D Parvin ◽  
M Hadiuzzaman ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Tuberculosis is a common disease throughout the world, especially in developing countries. The most common form of the disease is pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is also a growing problem worldwide. The diagnosis of PTB and EPTB is even harder when smears and cultures are negative. Due to its nature, the diversity of clinical pictures, the diagnosis of EPTB is often difficult and late. Advances in rapid diagnostic techniques are urgently required both for the early management of the new cases of TB and for the individuals already infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and are at risk of developing disease. In addition to standard TB diagnostic techniques, use of new biochemical surrogate markers like LDH and gamma interferon are new suggested. This study was undertaken to evaluate the diagnostic value and accuracy of serum LDH and gamma interferon for the diagnosis of PTB and EPTB. This crosssectional study was carried out in the Department of Pathology and Microbiology, NIDCH, Dhaka and by convenient and purposive sampling, 131 patients (male 98, female 33) having age range of 20-90 years were enrolled for the study. Serum LDH and QuantiFERON-TB gold (QFT-G i.e. gamma interferon) were estimated and the result was compared with the culture and histopathology results. Performance tests were done. Prevalence was measured at 95% CI. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Of 131 patients 89 (67.9%) had pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and the rest 42 (32.1%) had extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB). Level of LDH and gamma interferon in serum of all patients was found significantly high. TB pleural effusion was detected in 64% cases. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, negative predictive values and accuracy of LDH and gamma interferon wre calculated both in PTB and EPTB. For LDH it was (SEN 89.22%, SPE 85.66%, PPV 88.82%, NPV 86.11%) and for gamma interferon (SEN 93.01%, SPE 91.64%, PPV 93.73%, NPV 91.18%) in PTB; and for LDH (SEN 89.27%, SPE 87.18%, PPV 84.35%, NPV 90.36%) and for gamma interferon (SEN 94.88%, SPE 93.65%, PPV 90.04%, NPV 95.82%) in EPTB respectively. When calculated in combination, the sensitivity and specificity was 100% and 50% respectively in both PTB and EPTB, and positive and negative predictive values of LDH and gamma interferon in combination were 94.00% and 91.58% in PTB and 90.43% and 96.71% in EPTB respectively. The study concludes that the diagnostic accuracy of LDH and gamma interferon is low when single test is done but it is significantly high when done in combination.Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2017; 10(2): 69-74

New insights into the role of imaging in polymyalgia rheumatica

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Camellino ◽  
Christina Duftner ◽  
Christian Dejaco
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Acute Phase Reactants ◽  
Anatomical Basis ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Diagnostic Values

Abstract PMR is an inflammatory rheumatic disease of elderly people characterized by pain and stiffness in the neck, shoulder and pelvic girdles. No specific diagnostic confirmatory tests exist and clinical symptoms, as well as increased acute phase reactants, are unspecific. The diagnostic value of imaging including ultrasound, MRI and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) with/without CT for PMR is increasingly studied. These techniques, particularly FDG-PET/CT, may help to detect underlying GCA in PMR patients with an incomplete response to glucocorticoids and/or recurrent relapses. Recent imaging studies provide novel insights into the anatomical basis of inflammation in PMR, particularly at hip and spine, which may help to distinguish this disease from other mimicking conditions. In this review, we discuss novel insights into the pathoanatomy of PMR, compare the diagnostic values of different imaging techniques and summarize current data on the role of imaging for monitoring and outcome prediction.

scholarly journals Standardisation of lymphatic filariasis microfilaraemia prevalence estimates based on different diagnostic methods: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie V. S. Vinkeles Melchers ◽  
Luc E. Coffeng ◽  
Sake J. de Vlas ◽  
Wilma A. Stolk
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Lymphatic Filariasis ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background Lymphatic filariasis (LF) infection is generally diagnosed through parasitological identification of microfilariae (mf) in the blood. Although historically the most commonly used technique for counting mf is the thick blood smear based on 20 µl blood (TBS20), various other techniques and blood volumes have been applied. It is therefore a challenge to compare mf prevalence estimates from different LF-survey data. Our objective was to standardise microfilaraemia (mf) prevalence estimates to TBS20 as the reference diagnostic technique. Methods We first performed a systematic review to identify studies reporting on comparative mf prevalence data as measured by more than one diagnostic test, including TBS20, on the same study population. Associations between mf prevalences based on different diagnostic techniques were quantified in terms of odds ratios (OR, with TBS20 blood as reference), using a meta-regression model. Results We identified 606 articles matching our search strategy and included 14 in our analyses. The OR of the mf prevalences as measured by the more sensitive counting chamber technique (≥ 50 µl blood) was 2.90 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.60–5.28). For membrane filtration (1 ml blood) the OR was 2.39 (95% CI: 1.62–3.53), Knott’s technique it was 1.54 (95% CI: 0.72–3.29), and for TBS in ≥ 40 µl blood it was 1.37 (95% CI: 0.81–2.30). Conclusions We provided transformation factors to standardise mf prevalence estimates as detected by different diagnostic techniques to mf prevalence estimates as measured by TBS20. This will facilitate the use and comparison of more datasets in meta-analyses and geographic mapping initiatives across countries and over time.

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