scholarly journals Demographic potential: from the history of the concept

POPULATION ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Oleg Rybakovsky ◽  
Olga Tayunova
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Population Projections ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Total Potential ◽  
Population Potential ◽  
Migration Potential ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Migration Capacity ◽  
Demographic Potential

This article discusses the main points of the formation and development of the concept«demographic potential» used for the purposes of management and forecasting in a changing environment. The need for demographic potential as an instrumental, supporting notion arose when researchers began to examine possible effects of demographic processes and their impact on the structure and size of population in the future, i.e. build population projections and population development models. Historically, researchers studied demographic potential separately for each component of the overall population growth. Beginning of the study of fertility potential is associated with the name of R. E. Fisher, life potential — with the work of L. Hersch, migration capacity — with the works of J. Q. Stewart, G. K. Zipf, S. A. Staufer and W. Izard. Attempts to assess the joint effect of different components of the overall population growth were episodic. Only in the 30s of the twentieth century the integrated synthesis indicators began to be used for describing the demographic potential. One of the indicators for capacity of population reproduction may be net reproduction rate. Modern interpretations of the potential of changes in fertility and mortality, migration capacity have a wider purpose and filling than at the time of these concepts’ formation. Demographic potential in a narrow sense is the potential population reproduction, including changes in fertility and mortality; in a broader sense, it is the total potential of population — potential of reproduction and migration potential, including possible changes in the population size and structure due to births, deaths, immigration and emigration.

scholarly journals Recent population development and population projections up to 2010 in Nepal

1995 ◽  
pp. 118-130
Author(s):  
Marie Reijo
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Population Policy ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Population Projections ◽  
Population Development ◽  
Replacement Level ◽  
Rapid Population Growth ◽  
Future Fertility ◽  
And Migration

This article describes the recent population development in Nepal and projects alternative population development trends to the year 2010 using the cohort component model. Projections are based on the assumptions of future fertility, mortality and migration which have been derived from assumed socioeconomic and environmental development and population policy development. The relatively rapid population growth will continue mostly because of high natural increase. Population growth can be delayed most efficiently by decreasing fertility to the replacement level and by decreasing mortality further.

scholarly journals The critical role of assumptions in population projections: The case of Belgium

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Vandresse
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Population Projections ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
The Future ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Decision Making Tool

Population projections serve as a decision-making tool or as a tool to help contribute to discussions on the future of our societies. These projections are based on a series of choices made by the modeller about the projection methodology and the future trends in the population growth components (fertility, mortality and migration). To use these projections wisely, users should be aware of the impact of these choices on the results of a population projection. This article highlights the crucial role of the assumptions made on the future trends of the population growth components on the projection results, using population projections for Belgium published by national and international institutions.

scholarly journals Mesothelin blockage by Amatuximab suppresses cell invasiveness, enhances gemcitabine sensitivity and regulates cancer cell stemness in mesothelin-positive pancreatic cancer cells

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumihiko Matsuzawa ◽  
Hirofumi Kamachi ◽  
Tatsuzo Mizukami ◽  
Takahiro Einama ◽  
Futoshi Kawamata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Invasiveness ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Migration Capacity

Abstract Background Mesothelin is a 40-kDa glycoprotein that is highly overexpressed in various types of cancers, however molecular mechanism of mesothelin has not been well-known. Amatuximab is a chimeric monoclonal IgG1/k antibody targeting mesothelin. We recently demonstrated that the combine therapy of Amatuximab and gemcitabine was effective for peritonitis of pancreatic cancer in mouse model. Methods We discover the role and potential mechanism of mesothelin blockage by Amatuximab in human pancreatic cells both expressing high or low level of mesothelin in vitro experiment and peritonitis mouse model of pancreatic cancer. Results Mesothelin blockage by Amatuximab lead to suppression of invasiveness and migration capacity in AsPC-1 and Capan-2 (high mesothelin expression) and reduce levels of pMET expression. The combination of Amatuximab and gemcitabine suppressed proliferation of AsPC-1 and Capan-2 more strongly than gemcitabine alone. These phenomena were not observed in Panc-1 and MIA Paca-2 (Mesothelin low expression). We previously demonstrated that Amatuximab reduced the peritoneal mass in mouse AsPC-1 peritonitis model and induced sherbet-like cancer cell aggregates, which were vanished by gemcitabine. In this study, we showed that the cancer stem cell related molecule such as ALDH1, CD44, c-MET, as well as proliferation related molecules, were suppressed in sherbet-like aggregates, but once sherbet-like aggregates attached to peritoneum, they expressed these molecules strongly without the morphological changes. Conclusions Our work suggested that Amatuximab inhibits the adhesion of cancer cells to peritoneum and suppresses the stemness and viability of those, that lead to enhance the sensitivity for gemcitabine.

scholarly journals Reproduction and survival of Muscina stabulans under laboratory conditions

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 674-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Ferreira Krüger ◽  
Paulo Bretanha Ribeiro ◽  
Simone Giehl Erthal ◽  
Og DeSouza
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Quantitative Estimate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Rapid Population Growth ◽  
Artificial Diets ◽  
Adaptation Capacity ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Published Report ◽  
Rearing Conditions

This is the first published report concerning reproduction and survival using life table analyses of fertility and survival for Muscina stabulans maintained under laboratory conditions with artificial diets. The intrinsic rate of growth, reproduction rate and average generational time were obtained, suggesting a rapid population growth under these rearing conditions. These findings permitted the creation of time models of survival and oviposition, as well as a quantitative estimate of the adaptation capacity of this species.

scholarly journals MENA promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell invasion and migration via MMP-2, MMP-9 and AKT activation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueheng Li ◽  
Na Gao ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Zhengfan Gao ◽  
Zhenzhen Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Tumor Cell Invasion ◽  
Wound Healing Assay ◽  
Transwell Assay ◽  
Invasion And Migration ◽  
Akt Activation ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Migration Capacity

Abstract Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a fatal disease with poor prognosis. The predominant reason for ESCC-related death is metastasis caused by tumor cell invasion. Human MENA protein is a member of Ena/Vasp family, which plays a critical role during tumor cell invasion. However, the biological effect of MENA in ESCC cell lines remains unclear Methods: In this study, fluorescent quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were conducted to detect the mRNA expression of MENA in tumor and para-cancer tissue, CCK-8 assay and clone formation assay were conducted to evaluate cell proliferation activity, Transwell assay and wound-healing assay were conducted to detect the changes of cell invasion and migration capacity, siRNA and MENA expression vector were constructed to explore biological function of MENA in ESCC cell lines. Western blot analysis were conducted to detect the expressions of MENA , molecular markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), Akt, p-Akt, MMP-2 and MMP-9 respectively in ESCC cell line. Results: The qRT-PCR experiment results showed that MENA expression in ESCC tissue of 35 patients was relatively higher than that in tissue adjacent to cancer. CCK-8 assay suggested that tumor cell proliferation capacity was suppressed followed by the knockdown of MENA expression in Mena high ESCC cell TE13 and was potentiated by the overexpression of MENA in Mena low ESCC cell TE1. Transwell assay and wound healing assay demonstrated that interfering in MENA could inhibit TE13 cells invasion and migration capacity by affecting the expressions of Matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2) and Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), in contrast, overexpression of MENA in Mena low ESCC cell TE1 could promote invasion and migration by up-regulated expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Western blot analysis indicated that interfering of MENA expression could affect EMT-related molecular markers (E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Snail, Slug), Akt and p-Akt Conclusions: Our study reveal that MENA could promote the ESCC cell invasion and migration by upregulate MMP-2, MMP-9 expression and Akt activation. Meanwhile, interfering of MENA expression could affect EMT in ESCC cells. This indicated that MENA may be a potential molecular therapeutic target for ESCC metastasis

scholarly journals Some patterns and social impacts of external migration on a below-replacement population: Denmark by the turn of the millennium

1996 ◽  
pp. 136-149
Author(s):  
Hans O Hansen ◽  
Paul S. Maxim
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Turn Of The Millennium ◽  
Differential Fertility ◽  
The Past ◽  
Naturalized Citizens ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
External Migration

As with many other nations in Europe, Denmark has experienced below-replacement fertility over the past three decades. The impact on population growth of the recent fertility decline to a large extent has been offset by a positive net balance of external migration. To provide a factual basis for a wide range of policy issues and social and cultural impacts we start by studying external migration, differential fertility, naturalization of foreign nationals, and population growth in the framework of multidimensional life models. Migrants and naturalized citizens tend to have reproductive behavior and sex/age profiles that differ significantly from those of the remaining population. To study some concerted demographic and social impacts of such differentials, we construct a number of midterm projections based on existing and expected development of fertility, mortality, and migration.

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