scholarly journals Model Law on Scientific, Technical and Innovative Activities of a Constituent Entity of the Russian Federation as a Factor in the Scientific and Technological Modernization of Regions (on the Example of the Altai Territory)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 146-163
Author(s):  
Anton Vasiliev ◽  
Evgeny Anichkin ◽  
Andrei Serebriakov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
The Status ◽  
Technological Modernization ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Model Law

The publication presents the concept and content of the draft law of the Altai Territory, prepared by the team of authors – the draft law of the Altai Territory “On Science, Scientific-Technical Activity and Innovation Activity in the Altai Territory”. The paper notes the urgent need to update the legislation of the Altai Territory on science and innovations as a pillar for technological development and the growth of well-being of residents of the Altai Territory. The structure of the draft law includes general provisions, powers of state authorities of the Altai Territory in the field of science and innovations, measures to support scientific and innovative activities, the status of a scientist and the legal regime of innovation territories. Particular attention in the bill is given to a system of measures to support scientists and especially young scientists to retain talent in the Altai Territory.

Once again about experts, independent expertise, and expert councils

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
MAXIM SAFONOV ◽  
◽  
MARAT BIKTIMIROV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Expert Opinion ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
State Support ◽  
The Status ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article examines the recent active public debate concerning the organization of expert activity in Russia. Along with terminological ambiguity in this area, there are significant issues related to the status of the expert, expert’s independence, and the general devaluation of expert opinion. The activity of expert councils formed under the executive authorities is subject to particular criticism both from the citizens and the state. At the same time, special attention is paid to the participation of the scientific community in the independent expertise of programs, projects, and decisions. In this connection, according to the results of the meeting of the Council on education and science, the list of instructions of the President of the Russian Federation provides for the introduction of amendments into the legislation concerning the concept “scientific (scientific-technical) expertise”. It is necessary to establish the criteria and mechanisms for this expertise, as well as the rules for monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of budgetary allocations for state support of scientific research and development.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Availability of Human, Scientific, Technological and Innovative Potential in the Context of Priorities in Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation

2018 ◽  
pp. 460-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magomed Sh. Mintsaev ◽  
Irina E. Ilina ◽  
Svetlana L. Parfenova ◽  
Vladislava N. Dolgova ◽  
Elena N. Zharova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Labour Intensity ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Innovative Potential ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

Introduction. The implementation of priorities of the scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation involves an assessment of the trends in the development of human, scientific, technological and innovation potential within the framework of these directions. In modern conditions of transformation of science and technology into key factors of Russian development, it is necessary to provide the country’s economy with human resources capable of withstanding “big challenges”, but at this stage there is a shortage of highly qualified specialists in many key industries that can offer a new scientific result, taking into account the prospects for its application. The purpose of the article is to develop an approach to assess the human, scientific, technological and innovative potentials in the context of priorities in the scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation and its validation using the example of three priorities. Materials and Methods. The materials of this study draw on Rosstat and FSMNO ; Rospatent; Web of Science and Scopus. The object of research is to assess human, scientific, technological and innovative potential in the context of priorities in scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation. In the course of the research, a multiplicative model of the impact of the availability of human, scientific, technological and innovative capacity on labour intensity was developed. In the process of research, the following research and analysis methods were used: comparison, induction and deduction method, generalisation method, chain substitution method, logical structure study, system analysis, and special methods of statistical, comparative analysis. In the methodological plan, we used the system and process appro aches in the basis of the study. Results. The study revealed that the labour intensity in 2016 for all three priorities of the scientific and technological revolution of the Russian Federation has increased. Therefore, according to the priorities of the scientific and technological revolution of the Russian Federation, the availability of scientific, technological and innovative potential is not sufficient, which leads to a decrease in the reverse indicator of labour intensity - labour productivity in the markets within the framework of these priorities. Concerning the impact on labour intensity in all three priorities, one observes: the growth of “collaborations” in fundamental research, the applied effectiveness of scientific activity, “collaborations” of applied research; reduction in citations from scientific articles, low patent activity of engineering and technical workers, technological demand for patents. Therefore, against the background of emerging collaborative activity of actors in the process of research and development and the growth of the applied effectiveness of scientific activity, there is a low level of orientation of scientific and scientific-technical results to c ommercialisation. Discussion and Conclusions. On the basis of the multiplicative model developed by the authors for assessing the impact of the provision of human, scientific, technological and innovative capacities on labor intensity, it was tested on the example of the three priorities of the scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation (a, b, c). It was revealed that the labour intensity in 2016, according to the priorities of the Scientific and Technical Council of the Russian Federation, increased, and the availability of scientific, technological and innovative potential is not sufficient, which leads to a decrease in the inverse measure of labour intensity - labour productivity in high-tech markets within the framework of these priorities. Concerning the impact on labour intensity for all three priorities, it was revealed: the growth of “collaborations” of fundamental research, the applied effectiveness of scientific activity, “collaborations” of applied research; reduction in citations from scientific articles, low patent activity of engineering and technical workers, technological demand for patents. It was also revealed that against the background of the emerging collaborative activity of actors in the process of research and development and the growth of the applied effectiveness of scientific activity, there is a low level of orientation of scientific and scientific-technical results to commercialisation.

scholarly journals Economic Entities in the Context of Technological Modernization of Economy: Priority Trends Taking into Account Digital Transformation

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-87
Author(s):  
Anna Shkalenko ◽  
Yulia Tymchuk
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
State Support ◽  
Tax Legislation ◽  
Technological Modernization ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

The basis of this study is the use of elements of an innovative methodology of post-institutional analysis based on the interdisciplinary synthesis, which involves overcoming the monodimensionality, dichotomization and dogmatism of many concepts of orthodox neo-institutionalism. The main idea of this study is to apply an interdisciplinary approach to study the impact of technological modernization on economic entities and identify priority trends taking into account digital transformation of public relations. The assessment of the current problems under study and the conceptual framework of the study were carried out on the basis of studying and rethinking the results of numerous works by European and Russian scientists, as well as the legislation of the Russian Federation. The regulatory framework covers current domestic legislation in the field of civil, business and tax law, which regulates innovative activities. As a result of the conducted research, it is established that innovative activity is managed by a large number of regulations of various industry affiliation, which do not have any systemic connection with each other. The existing terminological intricacy is revealed in innovation legislation. The current legislation, including at the level of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, does not set the criteria and the indicators of an innovative organization. This serves as a factor that both complicates obtaining state support and hinders the wider introduction of innovations. The mechanisms of stimulating innovative activity provided by the tax legislation are investigated, and their effectiveness is also evaluated. The article proves the need for adoption of a special Federal Law aimed at regulating innovative legal relations. The need to improve the tax legislation is justified in terms of creating a special tax regime for subjects of innovative activity. It is proposed to expand the measures of state support for innovation activity within the subjects in the Russian Federation by introducing the institute of innovation voucher. The role of responsible innovations for sustainable business development in the period of digital transformation of society is defined.

scholarly journals “Big Challenges” and Regional Technical University: Values and Actions

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
R. V. Aginey ◽  
O. I. Belyaeva
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Technical University ◽  
The University ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

The system of “big challenges” formulated in the “Strategy of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation” is projected by the authors on the model of regional technical university. This projection is mediated by the concretization of the system of big challenges with regard to the social and economic development of a separate region of Russia (Komi Republic). An attempt to explicate the value basis of the system of “big calls” has been undertaken. The article considers the methods of embedding the value axiomatics of “big challenges” into the value profile of university organizational culture. There is a distinction between civilization and globalist paradigms of Russia positioning, as well as a distinction between well-being and security as two strategies of values generalization. In defining the development strategy of the regional technical university in the context of “big challenges,” the modus of values and the modus of action are highlighted. According to the modus of values, the expediency of focus on the “second scenario” of development provided for in the “Strategy of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation” (optimistic) is justified. The authors emphasize the possibility of effective reflection of the value axiomatics of “big challenges” by the university community due to a special technology of monitoring and adjusting the university organizational culture referred to as “value-competence parallelepiped”.

scholarly journals Assessment of the status of substantive contingency of documents of strategic planning of socio-economic development and ensuring national security within the framework of goal-setting (using the example of the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Dorzhieva ◽  
Svetlana Ilina
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
National Security ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

In the framework of improving the methodological approach to state strategic planning, the study of the contingency of legal acts forming the system of strategic planning documents of the Russian Federation is of particular importance. The solution of complex problems that provide fundamental long-term interconnections of the issues of national security, territorial integrity and socio-economic development of the country on the basis of a strategic planning document system that is balanced by priorities and indicators affects the ability of the state to achieve its national development goals with limited resources. Ensuring meaningful coherence of the provisions of regulatory acts that form the system of strategic planning documents is an important management task, the solution of which should be based on bringing the strategic planning activities of all its participants to a single methodological basis. The aim of the study is to analyze and assess the status of substantive contingency of the provisions of regulatory legal acts regulating the requirements for the content, development and adjustment of the Strategy for scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation as part of the goal-setting process of the national strategic planning system. The methodology of work is based on a number of general scientific and special research methods: analysis, comparison, generalization, interpretation and qualitative analysis of documents. The conclusions are made that: the existing legal and methodological support does not actually allow to really improve the quality of strategic planning within the framework of goal-setting at the federal level in the field of scientific and technological development; the identified gaps in the strategic planning system require adjustments to the existing legal framework in terms of concretization of the provisions, in accordance with which the fundamental relationship and interdependence of regulatory legal acts should be ensured, as well as the concretization of existing relationships and coordination of the periods of development and timing of the adjustment of strategic planning documents in the field of scientific and technological development. The results of the expert developments obtained make it possible to clarify the gaps in the system of strategic planning documents in the field of scientific and technological development and substantiate the directions for its improvement and solving the identified problems and shortcomings.

Scientific and scientific and technical expertise: problems of system formation

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
S. I. Chernykh ◽  
N. D. Frolova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Fair Competition ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
The Russian Federation

The legal grounds for expertise in the scientific sphere are laid in the Federal Law “About Science and State Scientific and Technical Policy”, which states that public authorities of the Russian Federation and public authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation organize the expertise of scientific and technical programs and projects financed by the corresponding budget. It is pointed out that there is a need for expert evaluation of the results of ongoing research and development in The Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation. The issues of organizing and conducting expert evaluations in certain areas of activity are sorted out on the basis of a number of “sectoral” federal laws, by-laws and methodological recommendations. Despitethe abundance of normative-legal documents, many fundamental issues related to scientific and scientific-technical expert activity remain unresolved yet. For example, the federal legislation does not define the procedure of organizing and conducting scientific and scientific-technical expertise, the relations between the participants, their rights and obligations. Meanwhile, much depends on quality and unbiased expertise in the scientific sphere, including the development of fair competition for resources. The authors seek to analyze from theoretical, legal and practical point of view the unresolved problems in the areas of scientific and scientific-technical expertise and its competitive component, and to make up appropriate recommendations, including those related to expert activity at the level of public authorities and in state funds supporting science. It is also proposed to come back to the issue of adopting a basic law on scientific and scientific-technical expertise, sipulating the leading role of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the independent expertise of scientific, scientific-technical and innovative projects.

scholarly journals Platformization of institutional interactions in the context of stimulating innovations in industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
A. I. Shinkevich ◽  
F. F. Galimulina
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Technological Modernization ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Technological Alliances ◽  
High Share

The study of theoretical approaches and conceptual analysis helped to clarify the definition of “platformization” from the point of view of network interactions and technological modernization of Russian industry, which formed the basis for the model of institutional interactions platformization, based on the formation of technological alliances that promote innovations, joint value creation by network participants and breakthrough industrial development. On the basis of the dynamic approach, a matrix of positioning of the subjects of the Russian Federation has been constructed, reflecting their distribution in four quadrants, depending on the level and pace of innovative development, and allowing to identify a low share of regions, the regions that demonstrate an intensive increase in innovation activity together with a high rating and a high share of regions that are considered stable weak innovators. The definition of platformization has been formulated in the context of technological development of industry, which distinguishes the use of this category from the “digital” aspect presented in the literature.

scholarly journals Current technological trends In the development of machine-tool Construction in Russia

2019 ◽  
pp. 81-92
Author(s):  
S. B. Baurina ◽  
E. O. Savchenko
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Organizational Innovation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Institutional Conditions ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Production Automation

As machine-tool construction is considered to be an indicator of mechanical engineering development and progress of this industry can show the development of the country industrial potential, the topic of the article could be of great academic interest. The goal of the article is to study current technological trends of developing machine-tool construction in Russia. The authors provide information about industrial output on the market of machine-tool construction; characterize today’s level of technological, social and economic development in machine-tool construction of the country, identify system problems and specific features of Russian machine-tool construction, such as institutional conditions, home demand, access to technologies, etc. Apart from that the article shows reasons for the low level of innovation activity among manufacturers of machines and equipment, provides information about the latest projects of Russian enterprises of the industry, compares machine-tool construction in different countries, such as China, Japan, Germany, the US and Russia. Priorities of state policy in the field of machine-tool construction in Russia were identified: toguarantee leading positions for Russian companies on home market, ensure technological security. The authors showed priority lines in technological development of machine-tool construction in the Russian Federation for the future, for instance, introduction of product and technological innovation, development of competences in manufacturing competitive spare parts and tools on the territory of the Russian Federation, promotion of organizational innovation in respect of upgrading production automation (roboto-technique and the internet of things). Materials of the article can have practical importance for executives and experts of companies for the developjment of strategies and making reviews and reports and for state bodies to work out recommendations dealing with industrial policy of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Indicators System Improvement to Assess the Innovative Activity of Economic Entities, Taking into Account the Compliance with the Strategic Goals of Socio-Economic Developmen

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
T. V. Pogodina ◽  
N. M. Abdikeev ◽  
Yu. S. Bogachev
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
The Russian Federation

In the society today, as well as in public administration and economic entities of the Russian Federation there is an awareness of the need to activate the innovation process and assess its quality. In addition, global challenges require the implementation of foresight management mechanisms aimed at forecasting technological development in the conditions of Russian reality. However, the existing system of indicators that is used in Russian practice does not fully meet the needs of the state and society in assessing innovation. The article proposes a Balanced system of indicators for assessing innovation activity (SSPOID) of economic entities, which is designed to combine the past and the present with the prospects of development, the objective function of which is to maximize the increment of the market value of the economic entity, taking into account the mission and strategic priorities of each particular company. SSPOID includes indicators, which are divided into nine groups that characterize the socio-economic development of the economic entity, human capital, financial condition, competitiveness, technology, competitiveness in the labor market, investment, innovation and sources of innovative development. The analysis of the development of industrial production in the Russian Federation for the period of 2011–2016 allowed to determine the strengths and weaknesses in innovation. The strategies of innovative development of a number of production companies (ALROSA, PJSC «NC “Rosneft”, JSC “United shipbuilding company”, JSC “BALTIKA”) were analyzed. The main areas of their innovation activities are as follows: improving energy efficiency, focus on strategic technology, the digitalization of production, the implementation of environmental innovations, improving production security, import substitution. The necessity in the creation of the integrated industrial and production complex, which will be optimum from the point of view of satisfaction of consumers’ needs for production, is justified. In the framework of the integrated industrial complex, the rationale for its focus on creating and maximizing the increment of the network added value is proved.

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