Once again about experts, independent expertise, and expert councils

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
MAXIM SAFONOV ◽  
◽  
MARAT BIKTIMIROV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Expert Opinion ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
State Support ◽  
The Status ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article examines the recent active public debate concerning the organization of expert activity in Russia. Along with terminological ambiguity in this area, there are significant issues related to the status of the expert, expert’s independence, and the general devaluation of expert opinion. The activity of expert councils formed under the executive authorities is subject to particular criticism both from the citizens and the state. At the same time, special attention is paid to the participation of the scientific community in the independent expertise of programs, projects, and decisions. In this connection, according to the results of the meeting of the Council on education and science, the list of instructions of the President of the Russian Federation provides for the introduction of amendments into the legislation concerning the concept “scientific (scientific-technical) expertise”. It is necessary to establish the criteria and mechanisms for this expertise, as well as the rules for monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of budgetary allocations for state support of scientific research and development.

scholarly journals The Pages of History of the Russian Federal Centre of Forensic Science of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation

2022 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
L. P. Morozov
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
60Th Anniversary ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation

The author dedicates this article to the 60th anniversary of the Russian Federal Centre of Forensic Science of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation. He observes the “academic biography” of the Centre and the prerequisites for the emergence of its forensic scholarly tradition. The article also clarifies the features of the scientific school, whereby the scientific community of scientists of the Center received the status of a scientific school and the period of its occurrence.

scholarly journals SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 458-485
Author(s):  
Irina Ilina ◽  
◽  
Andrey Klypin
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of the current state of the research and development sector in the Russian Federation during the transition from the first to the second stage of the implementation of the Strategy for the Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation. In addition, the authors also prepare proposals for improving the state scientific and technical policies. Methods. This paper employs theoretical methods, including non-comparative and comparative analysis, cognitive synthesis, abstraction and concretization, systemic approach and structural-functional method. Results and Discussion. The paper presents the dynamics of changes in the key indicators of scientific and technical activity in the Russian Federation as well as significant risks and threats/challenges constraining scientific and technical activities, which are divided into two groups: organisational and economic (internal) challenges and global technological (external) challenges. The main research results are: a set of measures in the framework of the state scientific and technological policy, ensuring the further scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation, including the improvement of the public administration system through the development of mechanisms for financing research and development; creation of favourable conditions for involving enterprises of the real economy and other companies in all stages of research and development; creation of an integrated system for assessing scientific, research and technology results; introduction of a holistic system to support scientific, research, technological and innovation activities, providing targeted support at every stage of the innovation life cycle; introduction and development of the mechanism of scientific diplomacy in Russia; development of science and technology at the regional level; development of mechanisms for involving qualified personnel to scientific activities; development of a holistic system of expertise, monitoring and forecasting for scientific, research and technological activities. Conclusion. Results of this research substantiate the assertion that such areas as science, technology and innovation should operate as a whole structure integrated into the socio-economic system of the country and ensuring the technological selfsufficiency and competitiveness of the national economy.

scholarly journals THE STATUS OF RESEARCH FUNDING IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AT THE MODERN STAGE

2019 ◽  
pp. 151-158
Author(s):  
M. D. Khabib ◽  
M. Yu. Teplyakova ◽  
E. V. Krasnov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Development Costs ◽  
The Status ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Russian Federation

The topic of the article is the importance and features of science financing in the Russian Federation. The results of a comparison of macroeconomic indicators of science financing in different countries have been presented. The system of indicators used in the Russian statistical practice has been considered. The sources of funding for the sectors of science have been analyzed. Particular attention has been paid to the study of domestic research and development costs in the context of various groups: by ownership, by economic activity, by type of expenditure, by areas of science, technique and technology, by socio-economic goals, areas of economic development and research areas.

Scientific and scientific and technical expertise: problems of system formation

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
S. I. Chernykh ◽  
N. D. Frolova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Fair Competition ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
The Russian Federation

The legal grounds for expertise in the scientific sphere are laid in the Federal Law “About Science and State Scientific and Technical Policy”, which states that public authorities of the Russian Federation and public authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation organize the expertise of scientific and technical programs and projects financed by the corresponding budget. It is pointed out that there is a need for expert evaluation of the results of ongoing research and development in The Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation. The issues of organizing and conducting expert evaluations in certain areas of activity are sorted out on the basis of a number of “sectoral” federal laws, by-laws and methodological recommendations. Despitethe abundance of normative-legal documents, many fundamental issues related to scientific and scientific-technical expert activity remain unresolved yet. For example, the federal legislation does not define the procedure of organizing and conducting scientific and scientific-technical expertise, the relations between the participants, their rights and obligations. Meanwhile, much depends on quality and unbiased expertise in the scientific sphere, including the development of fair competition for resources. The authors seek to analyze from theoretical, legal and practical point of view the unresolved problems in the areas of scientific and scientific-technical expertise and its competitive component, and to make up appropriate recommendations, including those related to expert activity at the level of public authorities and in state funds supporting science. It is also proposed to come back to the issue of adopting a basic law on scientific and scientific-technical expertise, sipulating the leading role of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the independent expertise of scientific, scientific-technical and innovative projects.

Message of the President of the Russian Federation as a reflection of relations between the state, society and business

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-128
Author(s):  
N. M. Baykov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Expert Opinion ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
State Support ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
Wave Nature ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Sociological Studies

The article presents an analysis of relations between the state, society and business through the prism of reflecting them in the Message of the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin in 2021. The author's expert opinion, based on the results of sociological studies at the all-Russian and regional levels, showed that social support measures for the most vulnerable segments of population, much needed in the conditions of coronavirus pandemic, are widely approved in the society, but at the same time can contribute to the preservation of paternalistic and dependent attitudes of a number of Russians. Sociological analysis of measures of state support for small and medium-sized businesses, reflected in the Message of the President of the Russian Federation and its instructions to the authorities, showed that in the conditions of the ongoing wave nature of coronavirus pandemic, the tasks of preserving and supporting business during the crisis period took priority..

scholarly journals Model Law on Scientific, Technical and Innovative Activities of a Constituent Entity of the Russian Federation as a Factor in the Scientific and Technological Modernization of Regions (on the Example of the Altai Territory)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 146-163
Author(s):  
Anton Vasiliev ◽  
Evgeny Anichkin ◽  
Andrei Serebriakov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
The Status ◽  
Technological Modernization ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Model Law

The publication presents the concept and content of the draft law of the Altai Territory, prepared by the team of authors – the draft law of the Altai Territory “On Science, Scientific-Technical Activity and Innovation Activity in the Altai Territory”. The paper notes the urgent need to update the legislation of the Altai Territory on science and innovations as a pillar for technological development and the growth of well-being of residents of the Altai Territory. The structure of the draft law includes general provisions, powers of state authorities of the Altai Territory in the field of science and innovations, measures to support scientific and innovative activities, the status of a scientist and the legal regime of innovation territories. Particular attention in the bill is given to a system of measures to support scientists and especially young scientists to retain talent in the Altai Territory.

Assessing the size of agricultural holdings

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
N. I. Shagaida
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Vertical Integration ◽  
Total Revenue ◽  
Large Share ◽  
State Support ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Agricultural Organizations ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
To Receive

The article clarifies the concept of “agricultural holding”, using an approach to assessing the size on the basis of the total revenue of all agricultural organizations within the agricultural holding. It has been revealed that only 100 of the total number of agricultural holdings that were identified can be attributed to large business entities. They comprise about 3% of agricultural organizations in the country, while their share in the proceeds is about 37%. A large share of agricultural holdings — large business subjects under the control of Russian entities operate in one, and under the control of foreign legal entities — in three or more regions of the Russian Federation. Vertical integration within the framework of large agricultural holdings with different schemes for including the stages of processing and sale of products produced in their agricultural organizations allows them to receive advantages. Strengthening the role of large business entities in agriculture puts on the agenda the issue of differentiating approaches to taxation and state support in agriculture, depending on the size of the companies’ agricultural businesses.

Updating the methodology for providing incentive subsidies to depressed agricultural regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2210-2224
Author(s):  
V.M. Sharapova ◽  
T.N. Medvedeva ◽  
E.A. Farvazova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
State Support ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Depressed Regions ◽  
Agricultural Regions

Subject. The article considers a procedure for calculating and distributing State support to depressed agricultural regions in the framework of a new type of budget financing, i.e. compensating and stimulating subsidies. Objectives. The purpose is to evaluate the efficiency of the system of State regulation of agribusiness in a depressed region, determine the priority of modern methods of budgetary support from the State, improve the methodological approach to the distribution of State aid among subjects of the Russian Federation with low level of socio-economic development. Methods. The study draws on the abstract and logical method, methods of statistical analysis, grouping, comparison, and generalization. Results. We realized the objectives of the study, using the agricultural producers of the Kurgan Oblast case. The paper analyzes the condition of agricultural sector in the depressed region, assesses the State support system efficiency for the agricultural sector of the Trans-Ural region, considers government measures related to the regulation of the economy of backward regions. It presents an updated method of budget financing within an incentive subsidy by clarifying the calculations and introducing an additional indicator that reflects the level of remuneration of regional agricultural producers. Conclusions. The updated calculation methodology for incentive subsidies to depressed regions enables to build a certain economic rating of ten depressed regions of the Russian Federation, taking into account not only the volume of production and employment, but also the level of wages of agricultural workers.

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