scholarly journals The Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences: 50 Years Studying the Society, the Vital Interests and People’s Values

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
Mikhail K. Gorshkov
Keyword(s):  
Ussr Academy ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Scientific Schools ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The article presents the history of the first scientific sociological institution in the USSR in 1968. This event was important for the development of Russian sociological science, which for many years was in oblivion in our country. During its half-century history, the Institute changed its name – ICSI USSR Academy of Sciences, Institute of sociology RAS, FCTAS RAS, but remained a leading scientific sociological Institute. Over the years, it has accumulated a unique human potential – people, traditions, scientific schools. Today, the Institute maintains a leading position in Russian science, solving important tasks of studying the processes taking place in the Russian society, justifying scientific forecasts and giving recommendations. The new status of the Federal sociological center gives hope to the recognition by the government and the state of the important role of sociology in the understanding of society.

scholarly journals Slavistics at St. Petersburg and Greifswald Universities (results of cooperation)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-708
Author(s):  
Harry Walter ◽  
◽  
Valerij M. Mokienko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz ◽  
State University ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The University ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Slavic Studies

The article offers a review on the history of Slavic studies at St. Petersburg and Greifswald universities from the era of Peter the Great to present day. The role of Professor Lyudmila Verbitskaya is highlighted who always actively supported the activities of the Department of Slavic Philology (for example, she approved the initiative to create a department of Ukrainian studies in the early 2000s). Thanks Verbitskaya, St. Petersburg University was historically recognized as the first university in Russia founded by Peter the Great in 1724, which was proven by archival materials stored in Greifswald. Peter the Great, in the assembly hall of the University of Greifswald in September 1712, at a meeting of the Academic Council received a proposal from the President of the German Academy of Sciences Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz on the establishment of a university in St. Petersburg with a European status. The status of the first university was officially recognized by a decree of the Government of the Russian Fed- eration in 1999 when the 275th anniversary of the founding of St. Petersburg State University was celebrated. As the Rector of St. Petersburg University, Verbitskaya in 2006 concluded an inter-university agreement with the Rector of the University of Greifswald Professor Jürgen Kohler. Slavic scholars and professors from St. Petersburg and Greifswald Universities collaborate closely. One of the active pedagogical and scientific areas of such cooperation is Slavic studies, which have long combined the efforts of Russian and German philologists.

scholarly journals LAW OF HOMOLOGICAL SERIES IN HEREDITARY VARIABILITY. TO 100 ANNIVERSARY OF THE N.I. VAVILOV DISCOVERY

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Nikita Valer'evich Ryazantsev
Keyword(s):  
Ussr Academy ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Scientific Discovery ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Law ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The article is dedicated to the centenary of the main scientific discovery of the academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences, the Agricultural Academy and the USSR Academy of Sciences N.I. Vavilov - to the law of homological series in hereditary variability. The discovery of the law was one of the most significant events in biology of the first half of the twentieth century and had a significant impact on the selection process. From a biographical point of view, the discovery of the law was for N.I. Vavilov - a young professor, head of the department of private agriculture and genetics of the agronomic faculty of the University of Saratov, a fateful event that brought world fame. In the history of Russian science, much attention is paid to the phenomenon of N.I. Vavilov. At the same time, there is a tendency to analyze his scientific work in the context of three main areas: the doctrine of plant immunity to infectious diseases, the law of homologous series in hereditary variability, and the doctrine of the centers of origin and variety of cultivated plants. In our work, special attention is paid to the integrity of the scientific work of the scientist, which can be traced in all his main works and was put into practice in the world collection of plant genetic resources, the collection of which was carried out under the guidance and with the direct participation of N.I. Vavilov. The history of the perception of the law at different periods in the development of biology and the role of this discovery in the posthumous memory of its author, N.I. Vavilov, who became a symbol of a real scientist and patriot.

THE 70th ANNIVERSARY OF PROCEEDINGS OF IBIW RAS AS AN OCCASION TO REMEMBER THE HISTORY OF THE ORGANIZATION OF ACADEMIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE IN BOROK

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
D. Filippov
Keyword(s):  
Ussr Academy ◽  
Academic Institution ◽  
70Th Anniversary ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Inland Waters ◽  
Sian Academy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Papanin Institute

In 2020, the journal “Proceed-ings of Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters Rus-sian Academy of Sciences” celebrates its 70th anniversary. The article discusses the organization of an academic institution in 1938 in Borok to conduct biological research and the role of Aleksandr Petrovich Shennikov, corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences, in this process.

scholarly journals Studies of Permafrost in the European Northeast of Russia in the First Half of the 20th Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 173-181
Author(s):  
Tatyana P. Filippova ◽  
◽  
Nina G. Lisevich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Ussr Academy ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Science Center ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

On the basis of a wide range of sources, the research analyzes the history of the study of permafrost in the territory of the European Northeast of Russia in the first half of the 20th century. The documentary sources revealed in the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow), the National Archive of the Komi Republic (Syktyvkar), the Scientific Archive of the Komi Science Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Syktyvkar), the Vorkuta Museum and Exhibition Center (Vorkuta) are introduced into the scientific use for the first time. The 1920s became the period of the birth of a new scientific direction – permafrostology. This science gave an impetus to the systematic study and development of the North and the Arctic. The beginning of systematic geocryologic studies was connected with the development of the European Northeast in the 1920s–1930s. It has been determined that the USSR Academy of Sciences played the leading role in carrying out these studies: it organized special scientific expeditions for studying the cryolithozone of this region. The main results of the studies and their motives interconnected with the government’s interests in the development of valuable northern mineral resources are shown. The results of the expeditions were conclusions about the possibility of constructing large industrial facilities in the regions of the explored reserves of natural raw material resources. Following scientists’ recommendation, the industrial development of the Pechora coal basin and the colonization of the polar region began. The climatic and natural features of the region demanded stationary scientific research in the field of design and construction. The Vorkuta Research Permafrost Station (VRPS) (1936–1958), created under the supervision of the USSR Academy of Sciences, began to carry out this research. Today, the history of this station’s activities is poorly studied. The article presents the main directions of VRPS research: engineering permafrostology and general issues of permafrost studies. The staff of the station were researchers of the Committee on Permafrost Studies of the USSR Academy of Sciences and scientists from among prisoners of GULAG. The role of the staff who made a great contribution to permafrost studies is shown. Under the leadership of the scientists of the station, on the basis of their techniques, large industrial structures of Vorkuta District and Vorkuta, among them the first railroad in the conditions of permafrost, were designed. The conclusion is drawn on the leading role of scientists of the USSR Academy of Sciences in carrying out studies of permafrost soil in the European Northeast in the first half of the 20th century which became the basis in the successful solution of construction problems in the Arctic territory.

scholarly journals The Foundation and the First Decades of the Activity of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences in the Works of Russian and Foreign Historians of Science. Part 2

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-253
Author(s):  
Viktor Kupriyanov ◽  
Galina Smagina
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Social Analysis ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Western Historiography ◽  
Science Part

The article is devoted to the critical analysis of the foreign historiography of the foundation of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. The authors focus on German and Anglo-American historiographic traditions. The authors analyze the works of M. Posselt, V. Stieda, A. Vucinich, S. Werrett, M. Gordin and others. The article shows the the development of approaches to the highlighting of the problem of the foundation of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. The Western historiography was initially dominated by German historians of science who were mostly interested in the role of foreigners (primarily Germans) in the history of the foundation of the Academy of Sciences. The authors of the article show that German historians followed the approach developed in Russian pre-revolutionary historiography. However, both British and American historians of science worked within this approach in the 1950–1970s. In this regard, the authors of the article draw attention to the interpretation of the history of Russian science by A. Vucinich and show its relations to the positivist historiography. An important result of the study concerns the identification of the fact that transformation in the Western historiography of the foundation of the Academy of Sciences was associated with new posmodern methodological strategies in cultural studies and in sociology. Theauthors show that contemporary Anglo-American historians tend to use the social analysis of M. Foucault, N. Elias and other influential contemporary sociologists, which significantly enriches the historiography of the foundation of the Academy of Sciences.

scholarly journals Russia in Eastern Vatican Politics: Pope Leo XIII's Project

2008 ◽  
pp. 39-52
Author(s):  
Ella V. Bystrycka
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Schools ◽  
Russian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Apostolic See ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Soviet Historiography

The relationship between the Vatican and Russia has been the subject of research by more than one generation of scientists representing various scientific schools. Of particular interest was the pontificate of Leo XIII. The new emphasis of the foreign policy of the Curia, initiated by him, provided for the establishment of friendly relations with the Russian Empire. In this regard, the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences intensified the study of the history of the papacy. In the end, she published a number of interesting documents, edited by E.F. Shmurla (for the period from the creation of the centralized Russian state until the death of Peter I), A. Turgenev (2 volumes, 1841-1842), A. Popov (1845-1850). In Soviet historiography, the study of the history of Vatican-Russian relations in the nineteenth century. engaged M. Sheiman, E. Adamov. On the basis of documentary materials, a monograph of the German scientist E. Winter was constructed. The documents published by the authors have not lost their significance for the modern researcher. Their impartial analysis opens up the possibility of a new understanding of the Eastern policy of the Apostolic See, the place and role of Catholics of the Orthodox rite, in particular Ukrainian Greek Catholics in the context of these relations.

Russian Museum of Emperor Alexander III as a place of memory

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (11-1) ◽  
pp. 132-147
Author(s):  
Dmitry Rakovsky
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Museum Collection ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Historical Representations

The main purpose of this article is to study the role of the Russian Museum in the formation of the historical consciousness of Russian society. In this context, the author examines the history of the creation of the Russian Museum of Emperor Alexander III and its pre-revolutionary collections that became the basis of this famous museum collection (in particular, the composition of the museum’s expositions for 1898 and 1915). Within the framework of the methodology proposed by the author, the works of art presented in the museum’s halls were selected and distributed according to the historical eras that they reflect, and a comparative analysis of changes in the composition of the expositions was also carried out. This approach made it possible to identify the most frequently encountered historical heroes, to consider the representation of their images in the museum’s expositions, and also to provide a systemic reconstruction of historical representations broadcast in its halls.

History of Post-Soviet Migrations in Russian Science of the 21st Century

Istoriya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11 (109)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Efim Pivovar
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
History Of ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The paper is devoted to the latest Russian historiography of migration processes in the post-Soviet space. The author considers the most important research projects of academic institutions and universities of Russia in the field of history and modern dynamics of post-Soviet migrations, covers key trends and results of the development of migration issues in the framework of various areas of Russian science. The author comes to the conclusion about the need for further in-depth development of the recent history and modern trends in the migration policy of the CIS countries, the role of migration in the dialogue of cultures and civilizations in the post-Soviet space, including within the framework of international cooperation of Eurasian scientists.

scholarly journals Modern scientific schools and centers of Russian cooperation: Trends and development prospects

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-466
Author(s):  
Ivan N. Konovalov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Schools ◽  
History Of ◽  
Development Prospects

The article describes the achievements of scientific schools in the study of cooperation at various stages of its formation and development. First of all, modern centers for the study of the history of Russian cooperation, formed in the 1990s, when the role of cooperation in the development of the country of the pre-revolutionary and NEP periods and up to the present time began to be rethought, are studied. The oldest scientific schools of the history of cooperation deserve special attention: Ivanovo, Siberian, MSPI-MSPU, Saratov, Samara, Petrozavodsk, etc. The analysis of the work of the most prominent researchers on this topic (L. E. Fine, V. G. Tyukavkin, E. M. Shchagin, P. S. Kabytov, A. P. Korelin, V. V. Kabanov, etc.) is presented.

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