scholarly journals Improving Pregnant Mothers’ Intention toward HIV Testing through Home-based HIV Test and Education (HOPE) in Jember, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Azkiel Fikrie ◽  
Ahmad Rifai ◽  
Dicky Endrian Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Hope Intervention ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

The HIV testing program's implementation among pregnant mothers is still not going well due to their intention. Their intention is needed because it can affect pregnant mothers' behavior toward HIV testing. New interventions are needed to solve this problem, such as Home-based HIV Test and Education (HOPE). This study aimed to analyze the influence of HOPE to improve HIV testing intention among pregnant mothers. The pre-experimental design was used with one group pretest-posttest approach—thirty pregnant mothers in Jember following this study and involved by using a purposive sampling technique. The data were collected by using the intention questionnaire and analyzed with the Wilcoxon test. The result showed that pregnant mothers' intention of HIV testing numbers increased from 20 to 27. The results indicate that there is a significant influence of HOPE on the intention of HIV testing in pregnant women (p = 0.033). The Home-based HIV Test and Education (HOPE) intervention can improve pregnant mothers' intention toward HIV testing. The HOPE intervention can reach all pregnant mothers (and their husbands) to discover HIV testing information. Involving their husbands on HOPE intervention encouraged pregnant mothers' intention of HIV testing because their husbands were decision-makers in their family, and pregnant mothers will take HIV testing.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN JUMLAH KUNJUNGAN ANC DAN STIGMATISASI DENGAN KEIKUTSERTAAN IBU HAMIL DALAM TES HIV SETELAH KONSELING OLEH PETUGAS KESEHATAN (Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Turi Lamongan)

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Ponco Indah Arista Sari ◽  
Agus Sulistyono ◽  
Hari Basuki Notobroto
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Antenatal Visits ◽  
Hiv Aids

HIV AIDS is considered as global threat due to the adverse impacts it brings to all sectors. The number of person with HIV-AIDS increases both in men and women. For pregnant women, HIV is not just a threat to the mother but also for the infant, therefore as to prevent the transmission and complication during pregnancy, screening should be made through an HIV test. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the number ofantenatal care and stigmatization on participation of pregnant women for HIV testing after counseling by Health Workers in the working area of Turi Public Health Center, Lamongan. This study applied cross sectional study. The population in this study consisted of 80 pregnant women. Simple random sampling was chosen for Sampling Technique and it was obtained as many as 42 respondents. Data collection was done using a questionnaire and interviews. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution tables and chi square test with significance level of 5% (p = 0.05). The results revealed that from as many as 42 pregnant women who made antenatal visit > 4 times, 100% of these pregnant women did not take HIV test while pregnant women who made only 2–4 times antenatal visit was as many as 16 individuals (64%) took the test, and only one pregnant woman who took the test on the first visit. Pregnant women who did not have the stigmatization, 100% took the HIV test. Statistical analysis showed no correlation between the number of antenatal visits (p = 0.000) and stigmastization (p = 0.000) of pregnant women for HIV testing after counseling by Health Workers. It is necessary to increase the provision of information and education for the pregnant women through health promotion concerning the importance of HIV testing and antenatal visits to the Health Care.Keywords: HIV test, Number of antenatal care, Stigmatization 

scholarly journals Rates and Correlates of HIV Incidence in Namibia’s Zambezi Region From 2014 to 2016: Sentinel, Community-Based Cohort Study

10.2196/17107 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. e17107
Author(s):  
Andrew D Maher ◽  
Tuli Nakanyala ◽  
Nicholus Mutenda ◽  
Karen M Banda ◽  
Dimitri Prybylski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Hiv Incidence ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Hiv Acquisition ◽  
Hiv Negative

Background Direct measures of HIV incidence are needed to assess the population-level impact of prevention programs but are scarcely available in the subnational epidemic hotspots of sub-Saharan Africa. We created a sentinel HIV incidence cohort within a community-based program that provided home-based HIV testing to all residents of Namibia’s Zambezi region, where approximately 24% of the adult population was estimated to be living with HIV. Objective The aim of this study was to estimate HIV incidence, detect correlates of HIV acquisition, and assess the feasibility of the sentinel, community-based approach to HIV incidence surveillance in a subnational epidemic hotspot. Methods Following the program’s initial home-based testing (December 2014-July 2015), we purposefully selected 10 clusters of 60 to 70 households each and invited residents who were HIV negative and aged ≥15 years to participate in the cohort. Consenting participants completed behavioral interviews and a second HIV test approximately 1 year later (March-September 2016). We used Poisson models to calculate HIV incidence rates between baseline and follow-up and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models to assess the correlates of seroconversion. Results Among 1742 HIV-negative participants, 1624 (93.23%) completed follow-up. We observed 26 seroconversions in 1954 person-years (PY) of follow-up, equating to an overall incidence rate of 1.33 per 100 PY (95% CI 0.91-1.95). Among women, the incidence was 1.55 per 100 PY (95% CI 1.12-2.17) and significantly higher among those aged 15 to 24 years and residing in rural areas (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 4.26, 95% CI 1.39-13.13; P=.01), residing in the Ngweze suburb of Katima Mulilo city (aHR 2.34, 95% CI 1.25-4.40; P=.01), who had no prior HIV testing in the year before cohort enrollment (aHR 3.38, 95% CI 1.04-10.95; P=.05), and who had engaged in transactional sex (aHR 17.64, 95% CI 2.88-108.14; P=.02). Among men, HIV incidence was 1.05 per 100 PY (95% CI 0.54-2.31) and significantly higher among those aged 40 to 44 years (aHR 13.04, 95% CI 5.98-28.41; P<.001) and had sought HIV testing outside the study between baseline and follow-up (aHR 8.28, 95% CI 1.39-49.38; P=.02). No seroconversions occurred among persons with HIV-positive partners on antiretroviral treatment. Conclusions Nearly three decades into Namibia’s generalized HIV epidemic, these are the first estimates of HIV incidence for its highest prevalence region. By creating a sentinel incidence cohort from the infrastructure of an existing community-based testing program, we were able to characterize current transmission patterns, corroborate known risk factors for HIV acquisition, and provide insight into the efficacy of prevention interventions in a subnational epidemic hotspot. This study demonstrates an efficient and scalable framework for longitudinal HIV incidence surveillance that can be implemented in diverse sentinel sites and populations.

scholarly journals Barriers to HIV Testing and Opportunities for Expansion Using Home-Based HIV Self-Testing: Results of a National Study of Higher HIV Risk Young Men Who Have Sex With Men

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402110168
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Marks ◽  
Roland C. Merchant ◽  
Melissa A. Clark ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
Joshua G. Rosenberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Study ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
The Past ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Self Testing ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Condomless Anal Intercourse ◽  
Sex With Men

HIV incidence among young adult men-who-have-sex-with-men (YMSM) is among the highest in the United States (US), yet YMSM have lower rates of HIV testing than most other MSM. Among 1,835 U.S. Black, Hispanic, and White YMSM who reported condomless anal intercourse (CAI) in the prior year, 30% (95% confidence interval [CI]: [28%, 32%]) had not been tested for HIV in the past year as recommended by national guidelines, and 19% (95% CI: [17%, 21%]) had never been tested. Factors associated with not being tested in the past year included not having a primary care provider (PCP)) (odds ratio [OR]: 2.00, 95% CI: [1.53, 2.60]), discomfort with asking a PCP for an HIV test (OR: 2.66, 95% CI: [2.05, 3.44]), living in a smaller community (OR: 1.71, 95% CI: [1.35, 2.18]), younger age (OR: 2.00, 95% CI: [1.53, 2.60]), and greater self-perception of having an undiagnosed HIV infection (OR: 1.46, 95% CI: [1.07, 1.99]). YMSM who had not been tested in the prior year were less likely to know where to get tested, yet were interested in trying home-based HIV self-testing. This study shows that knowledge, clinician-relationship, geographic, and perceptional barriers must be overcome to improve HIV testing among YMSM. Home-based HIV self-testing may address some of these barriers, particularly for YMSM living in smaller communities.

scholarly journals A costing analysis of B-GAP: index-linked HIV testing for children and adolescents in Zimbabwe

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthi Vasantharoopan ◽  
Hendramoorthy Maheswaran ◽  
Victoria Simms ◽  
Chido Dziva Chikwari ◽  
Tariro Chigwenah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incremental Cost ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Costing Analysis

Abstract Background By testing children and adolescents of HIV positive caretakers, index-linked HIV testing, a targeted HIV testing strategy, has the ability to identify high risk children and adolescents earlier and more efficiently, compared to blanket testing. We evaluated the incremental cost of integrating index-linked HIV testing via three modalities into HIV services in Zimbabwe. Methods A mixture of bottom-up and top-down costing was employed to estimate the provider cost per test and per HIV diagnosis for 2–18 year olds, through standard of care testing, and the incremental cost of index-linked HIV testing via three modalities: facility-based testing, home-based testing by a healthcare worker, and testing at home by the caregiver using an oral mucosal transudate test. In addition to interviews, direct observation and study process data, facility registries were abstracted to extract outcome data and resource use. Costs were converted to 2019 constant US$. Results The average cost per standard of care test in urban facilities was US$5.91 and US$7.15 at the rural facility. Incremental cost of an index-linked HIV test was driven by the uptake and number of participants tested. The lowest cost approach in the urban setting was home-based testing (US$6.69) and facility-based testing at the rural clinic (US$5.36). Testing by caregivers was almost always the most expensive option (rural US$62.49, urban US$17.49). Conclusions This is the first costing analysis of index-linked HIV testing strategies. Unit costs varied across sites and with uptake. When scaling up, alternative testing solutions that increase efficiency such as index-linked HIV testing of the entire household, as opposed to solely targeting children/adolescents, need to be explored.

scholarly journals The Effect of Gender Sensitivity Education on Sexuality Knowledge and Attitudes at Occupants of LPKA Kelas II B Sungai Raya Pontianak

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-172
Author(s):  
Reni Novia ◽  
M Taufik ◽  
Otik Widyastutik
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Changing Knowledge

The Special Guidance Agency for Children (LPKA) has the task of fostering correctional students during their criminal period. The high cases of decency crimes in LPKA Kelas II B Sungai Raya Pontianak indicate a lack of adolescent knowledge and attitudes about sexuality. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of gender sensitivity education on knowledge and attitudes about sexuality in occupants of LPKA Kelas II B Sungai Raya Pontianak. This research is a quantitative research with pre-experimental design with a one group pretest-posttest design approach. The number of samples is 17 respondents. The sampling technique is total sampling. Data were obtained using a questionnaire and analyzed by Wilcoxon test. The results showed that there was an increase in knowledge and attitudes about sexuality in occupants of LPKA Kelas II B Sungai Raya Pontianak after being given gender sensitivity education. There were significant differences in knowledge (0.001 < 0.05) and attitudes (0.010 < 0.05) before and after being given gender sensitivity education about sexuality in occupants of LPKA Kelas II B Sungai Raya Pontianak. Thus, gender sensitivity education can be used as a means of effective health education in changing knowledge and attitudes.

scholarly journals Rates and Correlates of HIV Incidence in Namibia’s Zambezi Region From 2014 to 2016: Sentinel, Community-Based Cohort Study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D Maher ◽  
Tuli Nakanyala ◽  
Nicholus Mutenda ◽  
Karen M Banda ◽  
Dimitri Prybylski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Hiv Incidence ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Hiv Acquisition ◽  
Hiv Negative

BACKGROUND Direct measures of HIV incidence are needed to assess the population-level impact of prevention programs but are scarcely available in the subnational epidemic hotspots of sub-Saharan Africa. We created a sentinel HIV incidence cohort within a community-based program that provided home-based HIV testing to all residents of Namibia’s Zambezi region, where approximately 24% of the adult population was estimated to be living with HIV. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to estimate HIV incidence, detect correlates of HIV acquisition, and assess the feasibility of the sentinel, community-based approach to HIV incidence surveillance in a subnational epidemic hotspot. METHODS Following the program’s initial home-based testing (December 2014-July 2015), we purposefully selected 10 clusters of 60 to 70 households each and invited residents who were HIV negative and aged ≥15 years to participate in the cohort. Consenting participants completed behavioral interviews and a second HIV test approximately 1 year later (March-September 2016). We used Poisson models to calculate HIV incidence rates between baseline and follow-up and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models to assess the correlates of seroconversion. RESULTS Among 1742 HIV-negative participants, 1624 (93.23%) completed follow-up. We observed 26 seroconversions in 1954 person-years (PY) of follow-up, equating to an overall incidence rate of 1.33 per 100 PY (95% CI 0.91-1.95). Among women, the incidence was 1.55 per 100 PY (95% CI 1.12-2.17) and significantly higher among those aged 15 to 24 years and residing in rural areas (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 4.26, 95% CI 1.39-13.13; <i>P</i>=.01), residing in the Ngweze suburb of Katima Mulilo city (aHR 2.34, 95% CI 1.25-4.40; <i>P</i>=.01), who had no prior HIV testing in the year before cohort enrollment (aHR 3.38, 95% CI 1.04-10.95; <i>P</i>=.05), and who had engaged in transactional sex (aHR 17.64, 95% CI 2.88-108.14; <i>P</i>=.02). Among men, HIV incidence was 1.05 per 100 PY (95% CI 0.54-2.31) and significantly higher among those aged 40 to 44 years (aHR 13.04, 95% CI 5.98-28.41; <i>P</i>&lt;.001) and had sought HIV testing outside the study between baseline and follow-up (aHR 8.28, 95% CI 1.39-49.38; <i>P</i>=.02). No seroconversions occurred among persons with HIV-positive partners on antiretroviral treatment. CONCLUSIONS Nearly three decades into Namibia’s generalized HIV epidemic, these are the first estimates of HIV incidence for its highest prevalence region. By creating a sentinel incidence cohort from the infrastructure of an existing community-based testing program, we were able to characterize current transmission patterns, corroborate known risk factors for HIV acquisition, and provide insight into the efficacy of prevention interventions in a subnational epidemic hotspot. This study demonstrates an efficient and scalable framework for longitudinal HIV incidence surveillance that can be implemented in diverse sentinel sites and populations.

scholarly journals Acceptance of Provider Initiated HIV Testing and Counseling among Tuberculosis Patients in East Wollega Administrative Zone, Oromia Regional State, Western Ethiopia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wakjira Kebede ◽  
Fikru Keno ◽  
Temesgen Ewunetu ◽  
Gutu Mamo
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Regression Result ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Hiv Testing And Counseling ◽  
Regional State ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Western Ethiopia ◽  
Testing And Counseling

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a powerful risk factor for the development of tuberculosis. This study assessed the acceptance and associated factors that can affect provider initiated HIV testing and counseling (PITC) among tuberculosis patients at the East Wollega administrative zone, Oromia regional state, western Ethiopia, from January to August, 2010. A single population proportion formula is used to calculate the total sample size of 406 and the cluster sampling technique was used to select 13 health centers that provide PITC services. The sample size was proportionally allocated to each health center. The study participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique using the lottery method. Structured questionnaire was used for collection of sociodemographic data. From the total of study subjects, 399 (98.2%) TB patients were initiated for HIV test and 369 (92.5%) patients accepted the initiation. Of those, 353 (95.5%) patients had taken HIV test and received their results. According to the reviewed documents, the prevalence of HIV among tuberculosis (TB) patients in the study area was 137 (33.7%). The logistic regression result showed the PITC was significantly associated with their knowledge about HIV (AOR = 3.22, 95% CI: 1.3–7.97), self-perceived risk (AOR = 2.93, 95% CI: 1.12–7.66), educational status (AOR = 3.51, 95% CI: 1.13–10.91), and knowledge on transmission of HIV/AIDS (AOR = 7.56, 95% CI: 1.14–40.35) which were significantly associated with the acceptance of PITC among TB patients. Therefore, this study’s results showed, the prevalence of HIV among TB patient was high; to enhance the acceptance of PITC among TB patients, health extension workers must provide health education during home-to-home visiting. TB treatment supervisors also provide counseling intensively for all forms of TB patients during their first clinical encounter.

scholarly journals Keefektifan Program Adventure Based Counseling untuk Meningkatkan Kebahagiaan Mahasiswa

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Aprilia Setyowati ◽  
Siti Partini Suardiman ◽  
Mufied Fauziah
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Guidance And Counseling ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Parametric Data ◽  
Self Study ◽  
Adventure Based Counseling

Abstract: A happy individual tends to produce positive things in life in terms of social self; study; and career aspects. This research is to find out the effectiveness of adventure based counseling (ABC) program to improve happiness in students. This research was conducted using experimental design with one group pretest-posttest model. The subject of this research was eleven students in the third semester of study program of guidance and counseling, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan (UAD) who were selected using purposive sampling technique. The pretest and posttest data was collected using a scale which was developed based on Seligman theory. The data was analyzed by non-parametric data analysis of Wilcoxon test. The results show that ABC program does not significantly influence happiness in students, but it gives influence to the aspect of meaningfulness and achievement.Abstrak: Individu yang bahagia cenderung menghasilkan hal-hal yang positif dalam aspek pribadi-sosial; belajar; dan kariernya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui keefektifan program ABC untuk meningkatkan kebahagiaan mahasiswa. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan experimental design dengan model one group pretest-posttest. Subjek penelitian adalah sebelas mahasiswa semester tiga program studi bimbingan dan konseling UAD yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data pretest dan posttest dilakukan menggunakan skala yang dikembangkan berdasarkan teori Seligman. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis data non-parametrik dengan Uji Wilcoxon. Hasil menunjukkan pemberian program ABC tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kebahagiaan mahasiswa, namun berpengaruh terhadap aspek kebermaknaan dan prestasi.

scholarly journals The Implementation of Pregnant Mother Class Program in Aceh Barat District

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Teungku Nih Farisni ◽  
Yarmaliza Yarmaliza ◽  
Fitriani Fitriani
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Good Communication ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Bureaucratic Structure ◽  
Lack Of Commitment ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

The total of pregnant women in Aceh Barat District in 2018 is 4453 0 people. The total of deaths was 3 and than the total of infant deaths was 90. The importance of pregnant mothers class programs as an effort to reduce maternal mortality and infant mortality rates. The purpose of this study was to analyze the study of Communication, Resources, Disposition, and Bureaucratic Structure in the Implementation of the Mother Class Program in West Aceh District. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research that is the method used to explore or analyze a study but is not used to make broader conclusions. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with 16 main informants, 1 key informant and 1 supporting informant. Data collection techniques with in-depth interviews. Data analysis uses content analysis. The results of research on communication studies are still not good, resources are incomplete. Disposition is still lacking in commitment, and bureaucratic structure is still lacking in cooperation. The implementation of the Pregnant Women Class Program in West Aceh district is still inappropriate and there are still many obstacles and obstacles. The conclusion is that there is still a lack of communication across sectors, the lack of resources to carry out maximum implementation, the lack of commitment from decision makers, and the bureaucratic structure is still lacking of cooperation so that the implementation of the pregnant mothers class program cannot run properly and optimally. Suggestions are expected to build good communication across sectors, decision makers seek to maximize available resources in the implementation of classes for pregnant women, build cooperation in bureaucratic structures and for pregnant women are expected to continue to follow the Pregnant Women Class routinely and to the end so that pregnant women class programs can run effectively. 

PROGRAM BIMBINGAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Ismaniar Ismaniar Ismaniar
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Guidance Program ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
11Th Grade

The present study is aimed at developing effective guidance program for increasing student’s learning motivation. The present study applies quantitative research approach with nonequivalent pre-posttest control group quasi-experimental design, and nonrandom-purposive sampling technique. The data were collected using inventory, interview, and documentary study. The study comes up with the main finding that the tested guidance program is proven to be effective for increasing learning motivation students of 11th grade at SMA Kartika XIX-2 Bandung.

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