scholarly journals Research and analysis of harmful road emissions from a two-wheel vehicle engine in laboratory conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 173 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Natalia SZYMLET ◽  
Łukasz RYMANIAK ◽  
Piotr LIJEWSKI ◽  
Barbara SOKOLNICKA ◽  
Maciej SIEDLECKI
Keyword(s):  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Emission Standard ◽  
Engine Exhaust ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Vehicle Engine ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Apparatus Part

The subject of this article is the identification of engine exhaust emissions of two-wheel vehicles under laboratory conditions. For this purpose, analysis of road and time emission of gaseous compounds: HC, CO, CO2, NOx from a motorcycle equipped with an engine with a displacement volume of 0.7 dm3 and a maximum power of 55 kW was made. The tests were performed on a dynamometer station designed for testing two-wheel vehicles. The speed characteristic was taken from the European type approval test WMTC, consisting of three parts. Each of these parts lasted 600 seconds and was characterized by a different maximum vehicle speed value. The mobile AXION R/S apparatus part of the PEMS device group was used in the research. What is more, the exhaust emissions results were referred to the values listed by the exhaust emission standard met by the tested vehicle (Euro 4 standard). Laboratory tests presented in the article are only intended as a basis for further research, which includes exhaust emission tests from two-wheel vehicles in real operating conditions.

scholarly journals Investigations of Exhaust Emissions from a Combustion Engine under Simulated Actual Operating Conditions in Real Driving Emissions Test

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 935
Author(s):  
Monika Andrych-Zalewska ◽  
Zdzislaw Chlopek ◽  
Jerzy Merkisz ◽  
Jacek Pielecha
Keyword(s):  
Emission Intensity ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Actual Operation ◽  
Specific Distance

The paper describes the methodology of research of exhaust emissions from a combustion engine under engine states determined by the vehicle actual operation in the RDE test. The processes of quantities determining the vehicle motion and engine states have been recorded, along with the exhaust emission intensity. Based on the developed research methodology, zero-dimensional characteristics of the processes of the emission intensity have been determined under the conditions of urban, rural and motorway traffic, as well as in the entire test. The authors also determined the average specific distance exhaust emissions under the conditions of urban, rural and motorway traffic, as well as in the entire test. Based on the above results, the unique characteristics of the relation of the average specific distance emissions and the average vehicle speed have been obtained. The obtained characteristics may be used in the modeling of exhaust emissions from motor vehicles under actual traffic conditions. The authors also explored the sensitivity of the average specific distance emissions to the vehicle driving style.

scholarly journals Analysis of exhaust emission measurements in rural conditions from heavy-duty vehicle

2020 ◽  
Vol 182 (3) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
Andrzej Ziółkowski ◽  
Paweł Fuć ◽  
Piotr Lijewski ◽  
Łukasz Rymaniak ◽  
Paweł Daszkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicle ◽  
Emission Norm ◽  
Test Route

Road transport holds for the largest share in the freight transport sector in Europe. This work is carried out by heavy vehicles of various types. It is assumed that, in principle, transport should take place on the main road connections, such as motorways or national roads. Their share in the polish road infrastructure is not dominant. Rural and communal roads roads are the most prevalent. This fact formed the basis of the exhaust emissions and fuel consumption tests of heavy vehicles in real operating conditions. A set of vehicles (truck tractor with a semi-trailer) meeting the Euro V emission norm, transporting a load of 24,800 kg, was selected for the tests. The research was carried out on an non-urban route, the test route length was 22 km. A mobile Semtech DS instrument was used, which was used to measure the exhaust emissions. Based on the obtained results, the emission characteristics were determined in relation to the operating parameters of the vehicles drive system. Road emission, specific emission and fuel consumption values were also calculated.

The Harm and Discussion on Control Technology of Flameproof Diesel Engine Exhaust Emissions

2017 ◽  
Vol 865 ◽  
pp. 224-229
Author(s):  
Xiao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Control Technology ◽  
Engine Exhaust ◽  
Diesel Engine Exhaust ◽  
Development Direction

It described that the main harmful exhaust emissions in the flameproof diesel engine of the flameproof vehicle with the rubber wheeles in the coal mine ,and the harm of the work personnel health in underground, Introduces the technology and method of controlling the exhaust emission of the coal mine explosion proof diesel engine, Points out the problems of control technology and insufficiency in exhaust emission, And puts forward the thought and development direction controlling exhaust emissions technology of the explosion proof diesel engine of coal mine on future.

scholarly journals Prediction of Exhaust Emission Costs in Air and Road Transportation

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olja Čokorilo ◽  
Ivan Ivković ◽  
Snežana Kaplanović
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Structure Type ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Road Transportation

In this paper, the calculation of exhaust emission costs originating from aircraft and road vehicles in the base year 2017 and in the forecasting year 2032, in the Republic of Serbia, was carried out. The presented methodology includes a number of influential factors for air transport (airport capacity, number of operations, aircraft type, relevant engine, range) and for road transport (changing of traffic volumes, design and operating speeds, the quality of the pavement structure, type of terrain and category of road sections, dependence of exhaust emission from changes in vehicle speed). It was found that in the current operating conditions, the dominant costs in the total exhaust emission costs are the costs of nitrogen oxides (61%) in road transport, whilst carbon dioxide costs are dominant in air transport (52%). In the future, carbon dioxide costs will have a share of over 80% in the road transport sector and over 58% in the air transport sector in total exhaust emission costs. The average exhaust emission costs per one aircraft operation (international flights) will range from 141 to 145€. In road transport, the average exhaust emission costs at 100 km in 2032 will range from 1.8 to 2.2€.

Experimental and Theoretical Study of Injection Timing on Performance and Exhaust Emissions in a Port-Injected Gasoline Engine

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Movahednejad ◽  
F. Ommi ◽  
M. Hosseinalipour ◽  
O. Samimi
Keyword(s):  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Intake Port ◽  
One Dimensional

For spark ignition engines, the fuel-air mixture preparation process is known to have a significant influence on engine performance and exhaust emissions. In this paper, an experimental study is made to characterize the spray characteristics of an injector with multi-disc nozzle used in the engine. The distributions of the droplet size and velocity and volume flux were characterized by a PDA system. Also a model of a 4 cylinder multi-point fuel injection engine was prepared using a fluid dynamics code. By this code one-dimensional, unsteady, multiphase flow in the intake port has been modeled to study the mixture formation process in the intake port. Also, one-dimensional air flow and wall fuel film flow and a two-dimensional fuel droplet flow have been modeled, including the effects of in-cylinder mixture back flows into the port. The accuracy of model was verified using experimental results of the engine testing showing good agreement between the model and the real engine. As a result, predictions are obtained that provide a detailed picture of the air-fuel mixture properties along the intake port. A comparison was made on engine performance and exhaust emission in different fuel injection timing for 2600 rpm and different loads. According to the present investigation, optimum injection timing for different engine operating conditions was found.

scholarly journals The influence of the driving style according to the principles of eco-driving on the emission of toxic substances from a light utility vehicle

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Maciej Andrzejewski ◽  
Mateusz Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Power Unit ◽  
Commercial Vehicle ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Driving Style ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Vehicle Engine ◽  
Utility Vehicle ◽  
Real Traffic

The article presents the results of measurements of exhaust emissions of commercial vehicle in real traffic conditions. The aim of this study was to determine how the driving style affects on the exhaust emissions from vehicle engine. The determinants were the measurements of the concentration of main toxic substances emitted to the atmosphere from the power unit of the tested vehicle. In the measurements a portable exhaust emission analyzer was used (PEMS type).

scholarly journals Research on the effectiveness of alternative propulsion sources in high-tonnage cargo transport

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-273
Author(s):  
Mariusz Wasiak ◽  
Piotr Zdanowicz ◽  
Marcin Nivette
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Emission Standard ◽  
The Eu

The progressive degradation of the environment makes implementing pro-ecological solutions in various areas of our lives more meaningful. These measures also apply to transport, responsible for around 30% of total carbon dioxide emissions in the EU. Implementing ecological solutions in road transport encounters various barriers resulting mainly from the specificity of transport tasks. One of the most promising solutions in the high-tonnage road transport sector seems to be LNG-fueled engines, which allow for similar operating conditions to traditional combustion vehicles. The article aims to identify the environmental benefits of the use of high-tonnage LNG-fueled vehicles in freight transport and to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the economic efficiency of this solution. The article assesses the effectiveness of using an LNG-fueled vehicle and a diesel-fueled vehicle that meets the highest exhaust emission standard in high-tonnage transport, both in terms of economy and an impact of these solutions on the environment. The research was carried out on a given route, taking into account variants of vehicle manning and simulations of transport cycle time. In conclusion, a discussion of the obtained results was carried out, emphasizing the factors determining the profitability of using high-tonnage vehicles with LNG drive or its lack. Regardless of the indicated lack of clarity in the economic assessment of the effectiveness of LNG drives in high-tonnage vehicles, the identified environmental benefits from implementing these solutions seem to be quite unequivocal. Thus, it should be expected that in the event of loss of economic competitiveness of these solutions, appropriate fiscal instruments should be used - especially since LNG drives in the policies of individual countries are considered pro-ecological solutions.

scholarly journals Use of emission indicators related to CO2 emissions in the ecological assessment of an agricultural tractor

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Rymaniak ◽  
Jerzy Merkisz ◽  
Natalia Szymlet ◽  
Michalina Kamińska ◽  
Sylwester Weymann
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Internal Resistance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Farm Tractor ◽  
Emission Norm ◽  
Tier 3

The paper presents the proposed proprietary M exhaust emission indicator, which is based on the assumption that CO2 emissions are a measure of the correctness of the combustion process. The measurements were performed using a farm tractor meeting the Tier 3 emission norm, operated in real conditions during plowing work. The tests were carried out for a given land section at three speeds In the analysis of test results, the net engine work was used, as it is carried out in the type approval procedures. When measuring in real operating conditions, the torque read from the OBD system is overstated because it takes into account the engine’s internal resistance. In the analysis of test results, the fuel consumption, emission indicators of gaseous compounds and particulates were determined, and the best conditions for conducting agricultural works were indicated in terms of their impact on the natural environment. The aim of the work is to verify the possibility of determining the emission index for an off-road vehicle and a comparative analysis of its values for various operating parameters of a farm tractor. On this basis, it was found that the lowest values of the M identity were recorded for the test characterized by a vehicle speed of 15 km/h.

scholarly journals Exhaust emissions of an LPG powered vehicle in real operating conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 00053
Author(s):  
Jerzy Merkisz ◽  
Dawid Gallas ◽  
Maciej Siedlecki ◽  
Natalia Szymlet ◽  
Barbara Sokolnicka
Keyword(s):  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Passenger Vehicle ◽  
Test Drive ◽  
The Real ◽  
Emission Limits ◽  
Test Requirements

The paper contains exhaust emission results for an RDE test drive of a passenger vehicle with a spark ignition bi-fuel engine fuelled with LPG. The tests were performed in accordance with the RDE test requirements, and their results were compared to the emission limits of the applicable EURO norm. The aim of the paper is to investigate the discrepancies in the real exhaust emissions between the gasoline-specific emission norms and real values from vehicle use when powered by LPG.

scholarly journals TRACTOR’S ENGINE EFFICIENCY AND EXHAUST EMISSIONS’ RESEARCH IN DRILLING WORK

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antanas Juostas ◽  
Algirdas Janulevičius
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Gear Ratio ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Engine Load

Tis paper provides an overview of possibilities for determining tractor’s engine load, fuel consumption and exhaust emissions in real operating conditions. Theuse of accumulated database in tractor’s electronic control modules for the analysis of engine load, fuel consumption and exhaust emissions is analysed. The methodology for analysis of engine power, speed and exhaust emissions’ dependencies, also for analysis of engine exhaust emissions is presented. Tis paper presents testing results of the unit combined of tractor “Massey Ferguson MF 6499” and drilling machine “Vaderstad Rapid” by engine load, fuel consumption and exhaust emissions. Drilling process time, engine load, fuel consumption and exhaust emission components’ distribution are presented in different engine speed and cyclic fuel injection modes. Test results are analysed separately for technological drilling and work processes at the headland. In the technological process of drilling, if the tractor engine speed and, correspondingly, the transmission gear ratio were reduced to get the set working speed, fuel consumption decreased, CO and CO2 emissions varied slightly, but the NOx increased significantly. Significant part of exhaust emissions occurred at headlands. The conclusion is that the fuel consumption and exhaust emissions, including harmful components, can be reduced only by complex optimization of technological processes and tractor operating modes.

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