scholarly journals Hospital-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections: Results of a Cohort Study Performed in an Internal Medicine Department

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria João Lobão ◽  
Paulo Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Catheter Placement ◽  
Medicine Department ◽  
Bladder Catheter ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Introduction: Urinary tract infections are the most frequent healthcare associated infections, being related to both high costs and morbidity. Our intention was to carry out an epidemiological characterization of hospital acquired urinary tract infections that occurred in an internal medicine department of a Portuguese hospital.Material and Methods: Retrospective cohort study (historic cohort). Data were analysed from a systematic random sample of 388 patients, representative of the 3492 admissions occurred in 2014 in that department.Results: One in four patients underwent the placement of a bladder catheter [24.7% (n = 96); 95% CI: 20% - 29%], 36.5% (95% CI: 33% - 48%) of which in the absence of clinical criteria for that procedure. The global cumulative incidence rate for nosocomial urinary tract infections was 4.6% (95% CI: 2.5% - 6.7%). Most hospital acquired urinary tract infections (61.1%) were related to bladder catheter use. We quantified 3.06 infections / 1000 patient-days and 14.5 infections / 1000 catheter-days. Catheter associated urinary tract infection occurred at an early stage of hospitalization. The vast majority of patients (66.7%) that developed a catheter associated urinary tract infection were subjected to bladder catheter placement at emergency department. Seventy one per cent of catheter associated urinary tract infection occurred in patients that were subjected to bladder catheter placement without criteria.Discussion: These results point to an excessive and inadequate use of urinary catheters, highlighting the need for judicious use taking into account the formal clinical indications. The incidence of catheter associated urinary tract infection is similar to what we found in other studies. Nevertheless we found a very high incidence density per catheter-days that may foresee a problem probably related to the absence of early withdrawal of the device, and to both bladder catheter placement and maintenance practices. A significant part of catheter associated urinary tract infection occurred in patients that had the bladder catheter placed in the emergency department, before the admission to the internal medicine ward, which highlights the need to assess the urinary catheterization practices in those departments.Conclusion: The high rate of catheter associated urinary tract infection that occurred in the absence of bladder placement indication reinforces the need to implement prevention strategies that contemplate the reduction of its use. Emergency departments should be part of quality improvement projects in this area. Causes for the early onset of catheter associated urinary tract infection in this cohort should be investigated.

Bladder Management and Urinary Tract Infections in Danish Hospitals, Nursing Homes, and Home Care: A National Prevalence Study

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jette Zimakoff ◽  
David J. Stickler ◽  
Birgitte Pontoppidan ◽  
Severin O. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Indwelling Catheters ◽  
Drainage Systems ◽  
Bladder Management ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

AbstractObjective:To establish the prevalence of urinary tract infection in patients undergoing various forms of bladder management.Design:A nationwide descriptive point-prevalence survey with logistic regression analysis of the data relating infection to bladder management.Setting:Fifteen hospitals, 21 nursing homes, and 13 home care districts throughout Denmark.Patients:Information was collected on 3,665 patients. On the day of the study, 349 patients had indwelling catheters and 1,150 were using external urine drainage systems (condoms or diapers) for bladder management.Results:The prevalence of urinary tract infections in catheterized patients and those using external drainage systems was 13.2% and 8.1%, respectively. The prevalence of hospital-acquired urinary tract infection (4.2%) had not changed from that reported in 1978. The proportion of these infections related to the indwelling catheter, however, had reduced from 66% to 30%. Logistic regression analysis confirmed that, when corrected for the patient-related confounders (female gender, age >60 years, incontinence, immobility, and stay in hospital for longer than 15 days), condoms (odds ratio [OR], 5.94; 95% confidence interval [CI95], 2.8 to 12.5), indwelling catheters (OR, 3.3; CI95, 2.3 to 4.8), and diapers (OR, 1.5; CI95, 1.1 to 2.1) were significantly (P<.001, P<.001, and P=.008, respectively) related to infection.Conclusions:Prevalence surveys have revealed that over the period 1978 to 1991, during which efforts have been made to restrict the use of indwelling catheters and to encourage the care of catheterized patients according to guidelines recommended by the Danish National Centre for Hospital Hygiene, the percentage of hospital-acquired urinary tract infections associated with indwelling catheters has been halved. External urine drainage systems, however, have emerged as significant risk factors for urinary tract infection.

Detection of tox A gene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa that isolates from different clinical cases by using PCR.

2018 ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Rana M. Abdullah Al-Shwaikh ◽  
Abbas Falih Alornaaouti
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

       Current study obtained (75) isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa collected from different cases included : 28 isolates from otitis media, 23 isolates from burn infections, 10 isolates from wound infections, 8 isolates from urinary tract infections and 6 isolates from blood, during the period between 1/9/2014 to 1/11/2014        The result revealed that the tox A gene was present in 54 isolates (72%) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The gel electrophoresis showed that the molecular weight of tox A gene was 352 bp. The result shows 17 isolates (60.71%) from otitis media has tox A gene, 18 isolates (78.26%) from burn followed by 8 isolate (80%) from wound infection and 5 isolates (62.5%) from urinary tract infection , finally 6 isolates (100%) from blood have this gene.

URINARY INFECTION AT DEPARTMENT OF UROLOGY OF HUE UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY HOSPITAL

2018 ◽  
pp. 100-108
Author(s):  
Dinh Khanh Le ◽  
Dinh Dam Le ◽  
Khoa Hung Nguyen ◽  
Xuan My Nguyen ◽  
Minh Nhat Vo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Positive Urine ◽  
Tract Infections

Objectives: To investigate clinical characteristics, bacterial characteristics, drug resistance status in patients with urinary tract infections treated at Department of Urology, Hue University Hospital. Materials and Method: The study was conducted in 474 patients with urological disease treated at Department of Urology, Hue Universiry Hospital from July 2017 to April 2018. Urine culture was done in the patients with urine > 25 Leu/ul who have symptoms of urinary tract disease or infection symptoms. Patients with positive urine cultures were analyzed for clinical and bacterial characteristics. Results: 187/474 (39.5%) patients had symptoms associated with urinary tract infections. 85/474 (17.9%) patients were diagnosed with urinary tract infection. The positive urine culture rate was 45.5%. Symptoms of UTI were varied, and no prominent symptoms. E. coli accounts for the highest proportion (46.67%), followed by, Staphycoccus aureus (10.67%), Pseudomonas aeruginsa (8,0%), Streptococcus faecali and Proteus (2.67%). ESBL - producing E. coli was 69.23%, ESBL producing Enterobacter spp was 33.33%. Gram-negative bacteria are susceptible to meropenem, imipenem, amikacin while gram positive are vancomycin-sensitive. Conclusions: Clinical manifestations of urinary tract infections varied and its typical symptoms are unclear. E.coli is a common bacterium (46.67%). Isolated bacteria have a high rate of resistance to some common antibiotics especially the third generation cephalosporins and quinolones. Most bacteria are resistant to multiple antibiotics at the same time. Gram (+) bacteria are susceptible to vancomycin, and gram (-) bacteria are susceptible to cefoxitin, amikacin, and carbapenem. Key words: urinary tract infection

scholarly journals Measuring Antibiotic Appropriateness for Urinary Tract Infections in Nursing Home Residents

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 998-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taniece Eure ◽  
Lisa L. LaPlace ◽  
Richard Melchreit ◽  
Meghan Maloney ◽  
Ruth Lynfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Infect Control Hosp ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Appropriate Use ◽  
Tract Infections

We assessed the appropriateness of initiating antibiotics in 49 nursing home (NH) residents receiving antibiotics for urinary tract infection (UTI) using 3 published algorithms. Overall, 16 residents (32%) received prophylaxis, and among the 33 receiving treatment, the percentage of appropriate use ranged from 15% to 45%. Opportunities exist for improving UTI antibiotic prescribing in NH.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:998–1001

Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infection

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 975-975
Author(s):  
James Kennedy Todd
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
False Positives ◽  
Colony Count ◽  
Tract Infections

The recent paper by Cohen in the August issue of Pediatisics relies on the use of "one or more cultures of over 100,000 organisms per millimeter of urine" to make the diagnosis of urinary tract infections upon which the remainder of the study is dependent. Obviously, the colony count was intended to read "per milliliter," and yet the results of the study must be seriously questioned since the criterion for diagnosis of urinary tract infection was not rigid enough to exclude a large number of false-positives— patients who never really had urinary tract infections.

Larger Numbers Needed

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 764-764
Author(s):  
THOMAS E. WISWELL
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
First Year ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Symptomatic Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
First Year Of Life

In Reply.— Dr Altschul presents data on urinary tract infections during infancy and reports infection rates substantially lower than those we have previously reported.1,2 He then makes several conclusions based on these differences. His data indicate that the maximum infection rates would be 0.11% among girls and 0.02% and 0.12% among circumcised and uncircumcised boys, respectively. In contrast, from a population of 422,328 infants, we found the overall incidence of symptomatic urinary tract infection during the first year of life to be 0.57% in girls, 0.11% in circumcised boys, and 1.12% in uncircumcised boys.

scholarly journals Infeções do Trato Urinário numa Coorte de Transplantados Renais

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Bispo ◽  
Milene Fernandes ◽  
Cristina Toscano ◽  
Teresa Marques ◽  
Domingos Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Tract Infections

<strong>Introduction:</strong> Urinary tract infection is the most common infectious complication following renal transplantation and its frequency is insufficiently studied in Portugal. The aim of this study was to characterize the incidence of urinary tract infections and recurrent urinary tract infections in renal transplant recipients.<br /><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> This was a retrospective cohort observational study, obtained from clinical files of all patients who received a renal transplant at the Hospital of Santa Cruz, from January 2004 to December 2005, with a mean follow-up period of five years or until date of graft loss, death or loss of follow-up. After a descriptive analysis of the population, we used bivariate tests to identify risk factors for urinary tract infections.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 127 patients were included, with a 593 patients.year follow-up. We detected 53 patients (41.7%) presenting with at least one episode of urinary tract infection; 21 patients (16.5%) had recurrent urinary tract infection. Female gender was the only risk factor associated with the occurrence of urinary tract infections (p &lt; 0.001, OR = 7.08, RR = 2.95) and recurrent urinary tract infections (p &lt; 0.001, OR = 4.66, RR = 2.83). Escherichia coli (51.6%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.5%) and Enterobacter spp (9.9%) were the<br />most frequently identified pathogens. Patients did not reveal an increased mortality or allograft loss. However, urinary tract infections were the most important cause of hospital admissions.<br /><strong>Discussion:</strong> Female gender was the only risk factor for urinary tract infections in this population. Escherichia coli was the most frequent agent isolated.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Despite preventive measures, urinary tract infections remain an important cause of morbidity and hospital admissions.<br /><strong>Keywords:</strong> Urinary Tract Infections; Postoperative Complications; Risk Factors; Kidney Transplantation; Portugal.

scholarly journals Emerging Role of Microbiome in the Prevention of Urinary Tract Infections in Children

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 870
Author(s):  
Anna Kawalec ◽  
Danuta Zwolińska
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Urologic Diseases ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Impact

The microbiome of the urinary tract plays a significant role in maintaining health through the impact on bladder homeostasis. Urobiome is of great importance in maintaining the urothelial integrity and preventing urinary tract infection (UTI), as well as promoting local immune function. Dysbiosis in this area has been linked to an increased risk of UTIs, nephrolithiasis, and dysfunction of the lower urinary tract. However, the number of studies in the pediatric population is limited, thus the characteristic of the urobiome in children, its role in a child’s health, and pediatric urologic diseases are not completely understood. This review aims to characterize the healthy urobiome in children, the role of dysbiosis in urinary tract infection, and to summarize the strategies to modification and reshape disease-prone microbiomes in pediatric patients with recurrent urinary tract infections.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Bacterial Pathogens associated with Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) among Patients attending Kam Medical Consult Clinic, Uganda.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Gerald Turyatunga
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Etiological Agents ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: A urinary tract infection (UTIs) is a common type of infection caused by bacteria that travel up the urethra to the bladder. Globally, it is reported that 150 million people are diagnosed with a UTI annually, costing the world economy over 6 million US dollars in treatment and work loss. Studies conducted in the in-patients pediatric ward of Muhimbili Hospital in Tanzania and Mulago National Referral Hospital in Uganda between five to ten years reported the prevalence of UTI to be 16.8% and 14.6% respectively. On average at Kam Medical Consult Clinic, patients who turn up in the laboratory are about 20%, and 50% of patients present with recurring UTIs clinically. Therefore,  there is a need to establish and investigate the prevalence of bacterial pathogens associated with UTI and multiple pathogens that are not known. Methodology: The cross-sectional study was carried out at Kam medical consult clinic (KMCC) located in Kafeero zone Mulago II Kawempe division. The study population was adults and children presenting with symptoms of urinary tract infection. 120 Midstream urine Samples were collected from patients presenting clinical signs of UTI. The diagnosis was done through macroscopy dry chemistry, microscopy, and culture. Results Among the sampled population, 33% of males had urinary tract infections while 67% of females had urinary tract infections.  88.5% were outpatients while 11.5 % were in-patients The overall prevalence of UTI among patients was 63.3% with children aged (1-10) having a prevalence of 5.8 %. Conclusion and recommendation: E.coli is an etiological agent causing UTIs in male and female patients presenting UTI at Kam Medical Consult Clinic. Other etiological agents included Klebsiella, Coliform, Enterococcus species, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas species, and candida species. There is a need to monitor the profile of etiological bacteria of UTI through culture and sensitivity regularly. 

scholarly journals Risk factors of multidrug-resistant bacteria in community-acquired urinary tract infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-9
Author(s):  
Ertugrul Guclu ◽  
Fikret Halis ◽  
Elif Kose ◽  
Aziz Ogutlu ◽  
Oğuz Karabay
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Usage ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most seen infection among community. Objectives: In this cross-sectional study we aimed to investigate the risk factors of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria that caused community-acquired UTI (CA-UTI). Methods: Consecutive patients admitted to the Urology and Infectious Diseases policlinics with the diagnosis of CA-UTI were included in the study. A standard form including possible predisposing factors for MDR bacteria was applied. Results: In total, 240 patients (51.3% females) were enrolled in the study. The mean age of participants were 59.8 ± 18.3 years old. Escherichia coli (n =166; 69.2%)was the most frequently isolated bacteria and its incidence was higher in females than in males (p=0.01). In total, 129 (53.8%) of the identified pathogens were MDR bacteria. According to multivariate analysis, the use of antibiotics three or more times increased the risk of infection with MDR bacteria by 4.6 times, the history of urinary tract infection in the last 6 months by 2 times, being male and over 65 years old by 3 times. Conclusion: Doctors should consider prescribing broad-spectrum antibiotics in patients with severe UTIs with a history of UTI, advanced age, male gender, and multiple antibiotic usage, even if they have a CA-UTI. Keywords: Urinary tract infection; community acquired; multidrug-resistant; male; multiple antibiotic usage; advanced age.

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