scholarly journals Honey Value Chain at Al Osaimat District in Ammran Governorate, Yemen

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-132
Author(s):  
Dr. Maher Abdulla Moharram
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
Resource Endowment ◽  
Poor Families ◽  
The Status ◽  
Proper Training ◽  
Key Informant Interview ◽  
Small Producers

Due to its varied ecological and climatic conditions, Yemen has a favorable natural resource endowment for the beekeeping and comparative advantage in the production of honey. Al Osaimat is not an exception where Al Osaimat honey is a well-known brand name inside and outside Yemen. Value chain development is a growing approach used worldwide to increase incomes of small producers and the economically active poor families. This study aimed to investigate the flow of honey production by exploring the status of the value chain and identifying the opportunities and constraints in the chain, where appropriate interventions are possible to minimize the chain risks and maximize value. A sample of 72 beekeeping households was surveyed, and for the deeper understanding of the state of honey chain, two focus group discussions and key informant interview were conducted. The results showed the absence of any official attention to the apiculture in the area and the lack of proper training to the chain actors, the domination of old-fashioned beekeeping practices, and the non-availability of supportive actors particularly the financial institutions. Furthermore, the study summarized the seven most important constraints and recommended intervention(s) for the value chain development.

scholarly journals Milk Market Performances and cofounding factors along Milk Value Chain in Pastoral Area: A Case of Borana Pastoralists, Borana Zone, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
DIrriba Mengistu
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Milk Marketing ◽  
Key Informant Interview ◽  
Milk Market ◽  
Borana Zone ◽  
Milk Value Chain

The study was conducted in Borana zone with the objectives understanding the milk market performance and challenges along the value chain. The primary data was collected from 123 households that drawn proportionally following multistage sampling based randomly selected households. Additionally, relevant information was collected from different sectors besides relevant literatures session. Similarly, Focused Group Discussions, key informant interview and visual observations were also undertaken to collect the primary data. In the course of data collection, different set of checklists were used for different group of actors to guide survey data collection, group discussions and key informant interview. The study found that input supply, natural calamity, marketing system, declining of livestock productivity, infrastructure and hygiene are among the major challenges along the dairy value chain. Above all, the dominance of value chain actors by pastoralists coupled with fragmented milk marketing system were the critical factors that stunted the milk market system in the study area. As a result, the performance of milk value chain is fragmented and distorted. Moreover, the supply of milk to the market become meager even though the milk selling practices has been flamed. Additionally, the dilution of pure drought resistant Borana cattle called “Qorti” is at its critical level of its extinction which challenge the milk production. Thus, it is important to enhance the milk marketing, encouraging milk supply and improving milk productivity.

ВІД ЮНОСТІ ДО МОЛОДОСТІ: МОЖЛИВОСТІ ЕПІГЕНЕТИЧНОЇ МОДЕЛІ В СОЦІОКУЛЬТУРНОМУ АНАЛІЗІ

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
Олена Злобіна
Keyword(s):  
Identity Development ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Identity Statuses ◽  
The Status ◽  
Empirical Material

Статтю    присвячено    аналізу    можливостей    застосування    міждисциплінарного    підходу    в  дослідженнях трансформацій конструкту ідентичності. Виокремлено обмеженості дослідження стадій  циплінарних  підходах.  Запропоновано  застосувати  стадійний  підхід  в  аналізі  вікової  групи  «молодь»  з  метою верифікації положення про її диференціацію на різні вікові підгрупи, які відрізняються статусами  ідентичності. Теоретичним підґрунтям дослідження є теорія психогенетичного розвитку особистості Е.  Еріксона та статусна динамічна модель розвитку ідентичності Дж. Марсіа. Емпіричну основу склали  матеріали аналізу 14 фокус-групових дискусій, проведених у молодіжних аудиторіях: 7 груп з молоддю у віці  18-21  рік  і  7  з  молоддю  у  віці  26-30  років.  Підтверджено  внутрішню  диференціацію    вікової  стадії  «молодість». Показано, що динаміка психогенезу на цій стадії характеризується домінуванням дифузного  статусу у молодшої групи та статусу досягненості у старшої.  Інші статуси зустрічаються значно  рідше.   Наявний   емпіричний   матеріал   не   дає   можливості   простежити   чинники,   які   зумовлюють  зафіксовані відмінності, проте отримані в ході дослідження типові портрети зазначених груп  дозволяють   розвинути міждисциплінарний підхід до проблеми персоногенезу та застосувати його можливості для  вироблення стратегії дослідження «процесу переходу» від стадії до стадії The article is devoted to the analysis of the possibilities of using the interdisciplinary approach in studies of transformations of the construct of identity. The limitations of studies of stages of development in monodisciplinary approaches are singled out. It is suggested to apply the step-by-step approach in the analysis of the age group "youth" in order to verify the position on its differentiation into different age subgroups that differ in identity statuses. The theoretical basis of the study is the theory of psychogenetic development of the personality of E. Erickson and the status dynamic model of identity development of J. Marcia. Empirical basis was made by the analysis materials 14 focus group discussions held in youth audiences: 7 groups with youth aged 18-21 and 7 with young people aged 26-30. The internal differentiation of the age stage "youth" has been confirmed. It is shown that the dynamics of psychogenesis at this stage is characterized by the dominance of diffuse status in the younger group and the status of attainment in the older group. Other statuses are much less common. The existing empirical material does not provide an opportunity to trace the factors that cause the observed differences, but the typical portraits of these groups obtained in the course of the research allow developing an interdisciplinary approach to the problem of personogenesis and applying its possibilities for developing a strategy for studying the "transition process" from stage to stage.

scholarly journals AI MSK clinical applications: spine imaging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian A. Huber ◽  
Roman Guggenberger
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Musculoskeletal Imaging ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Spine Imaging ◽  
The Status

AbstractRecent investigations have focused on the clinical application of artificial intelligence (AI) for tasks specifically addressing the musculoskeletal imaging routine. Several AI applications have been dedicated to optimizing the radiology value chain in spine imaging, independent from modality or specific application. This review aims to summarize the status quo and future perspective regarding utilization of AI for spine imaging. First, the basics of AI concepts are clarified. Second, the different tasks and use cases for AI applications in spine imaging are discussed and illustrated by examples. Finally, the authors of this review present their personal perception of AI in daily imaging and discuss future chances and challenges that come along with AI-based solutions.

scholarly journals The Unexplored Socio-Cultural Benefits of Coffee Plants: Implications for the Sustainable Management of Ethiopia’s Coffee Forests

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3912
Author(s):  
Bikila Jabessa Bulitta ◽  
Lalisa A. Duguma
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cultural Services ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Jimma Zone ◽  
Food And Drink

Coffee is among the most popular commodity crops around the globe and supports the livelihoods of millions of households along its value chain. Historically, the broader understanding of the roles of coffee has been limited to its commercial value, which largely is derived from coffee, the drink. This study, using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, explores some of the unrevealed socio-cultural services of coffee of which many people are not aware. The study was conducted in Gomma district, Jimma Zone, Oromia National Regional state, Ethiopia, where arabica coffee was first discovered in its natural habitat. Relying on a case study approach, our study uses ethnographic study methods whereby results are presented from the communities’ perspectives and the subsequent discussions with the communities on how the community perspectives could help to better manage coffee ecosystems. Coffee’s utilities and symbolic functions are numerous—food and drink, commodity crop, religious object, communication medium, heritage and inheritance. Most of the socio-cultural services are not widely known, and hence are not part of the benefits accounting of coffee systems. Understanding and including such socio-cultural benefits into the wider benefits of coffee systems could help in promoting improved management of the Ethiopian coffee forests that are the natural gene pools of this highly valuable crop.

Pentecostalism as an Informal Political Institution: Experimental Evidence from Ghana

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 761-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. McCauley
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Dictator Game ◽  
Informal Institutions ◽  
Informal Institution ◽  
Resource Endowment ◽  
The Status ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
New Form ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Cultural Leaders

AbstractInformal institutions continue to govern political exchange in Africa, but the traditional, ethnic-based form of “big man rule” is now threatened by an alternative informal institution — charismatic Pentecostalism. This study evaluates the status of Pentecostalism empirically, in a micro-level experiment in Ghana. Using data from a variant of the dictator game, in which participants divide a resource endowment with randomly assigned partners as well as cultural leaders, the study provides evidence of Pentecostal exclusivity, excessive allegiance to leaders, and a shift away from ethnic-based patronage to Pentecostal patronage. As Pentecostalism continues to expand, these findings suggest a modification in the exchange of resources for loyalty in Africa, and grounds for viewing the movement as a new form of big man rule in the region.

Climbing the Ladder: Socioeconomic Mobility in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Muhammed Abdul Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Transition Matrix ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Income Quintile ◽  
Socioeconomic Mobility ◽  
Working Adults ◽  
Poor Families ◽  
The Status ◽  
Development Approach

This study investigates the existence and extent of intergenerational mobility in Malaysia in terms of educational attainment, occupational skills level, and income level. It compares the status of working adults born between the years 1945 and 1960 and their adult children born between 1975 and 1985, using non-linear transition matrix techniques. On average, the majority of adult children have better educational attainment and occupational skills level compared with their parents. Income mobility, in absolute and relative terms, is highest among children born to parents in the lowest income quintile. The results of a logistic regression model show that education, assets ownership, gender, and location matter for upward mobility. Moving forward, there will be difficulties for the children from poor families to move up the socioeconomic ladder because of changes in policies. An inclusive development approach is vital in enhancing socioeconomic mobility to promote social cohesion, economic growth, and greater equity for the next generation.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Food Shortage in Mtwara Mikindani Municipality, Tanzania

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
Robert Ngelela Shole
Keyword(s):  
Food Shortage ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Strong Base ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Status ◽  
Probable Answer ◽  
The Government ◽  
Small Producers ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Globally food shortage is still a problem for instance Africa, the most of popular region in the world still has the highest of under nourished. The probable answer to what are the factors influencing food shortage In Tanzania are not well known and documented. This study sought to assess the factors influencing the food shortage in Mtwara Mikindani Municipality by identifying factors influencing food shortage, determining the status of food availability and accessibility and finding out the possible measures to be taken in order to overcome the problem of food. Structured questionnaire, observation and Oral interview had been useful for collecting primary information in which the best recorded interviewees were analyzed supplemented by documentaries. Generally, this study concludes that food shortage in the study area is influencing by, climate change, bad tradition believe, poor government support, laziness culture, land degradation and infertility land. However, the government should not delay to implement its policies practically especially to the small producers so as to establish strong base on agriculture. Also, the government to employ as many as it can agricultural officers so as to allow farmers to get frequent visitors who will  advise them on how to produce efficiently their products by using irrigation methods and scientific methods like the use of improved seeds.  

scholarly journals Appraising Forest-Based Livelihoods through Assessment of Major NTFPs: A Case Study from Jharkhand, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 053-059
Author(s):  
Sunil Prasad ◽  
◽  
Dhanpal Singh Chauhan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Income Sources ◽  
Mineral Wealth ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products

The state Jharkhand is one of the Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) rich states of the country because of diverse physiographic and climatic conditions. It is known for its mineral wealth, tribal population and forests. NTFPs play an important role in supporting rural livelihoods and food security in tribal Jharkhand. The present study was carried out in three distinct villages of Jharkhand to explore the range of livelihood contributions of NTFPs. The study was based on empirical fieldwork using both quantitative and qualitative data. A structured interview schedule was managed for the respondents. Comparing income sources, we found that most of the households collect NTFPs and earn a handsome amount of income from NTFPs ranges from 33% to 59%. We also prioritized potential NTFPs along with their basic value chain.

IMPACTS OF THE PARTIAL RELOCATION OF HAZARIBAGH TANNERIES ON THE ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN HEALTH: FOCUS ON CHILDREN AND VULNERABLE POPULATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Shama E. Haque ◽  
Nazmun Nahar ◽  
Sadia Chowdhury ◽  
Ali S. Sakib ◽  
Ahsan Saif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Research ◽  
Vulnerable Population ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Key Informant Interview ◽  
The Impact

Purpose of the study: The purpose of the study is to determine whether the partial relocation of Hazaribagh tanneries has any effect on the area’s soil quality with respect to chromium and to determine a possible link between human exposure/diseases to chromium, with the focus being placed on children and vulnerable population. Methodology: Geochemical sampling and public health research related to fieldwork (Focus Group Discussions, two In-Depth Interview, and Key Informant Interview). Main Findings: The study indicates that there is a significant presence of chromium in the area’s soil two years following the partial relocation of Hazaribagh tanneries. Flu-like symptoms, generalized skin rash, and fertility issues are common in the vulnerable population. The residents are ignorant, belong to the marginalized section of the society, and do not fully comprehend of the impact of environmental exposure to chromium. Applications of this study: The geochemical data may be used to identify in situ treatment technologies for remediation of the area’s soil. The public health data will allow health policymakers to generate ideas and implement solutions to one of the greatest health challenges faced by the impacted population. Novelty/Originality of this study: The study is multidisciplinary by nature and employs science and technology to systematically develop an insight into the environmental contamination resulting from the release of untreated effluent and solid waste containing chromium.

Social and Health Risks of Female Genital Mutilation for Medication and Braveness

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdurahman Hamza Ibrahim ◽  
Degwale Gebeyehu Belay ◽  
Asfaw Zewdie Tiruneh ◽  
Tsegaye Tuke Kia
Keyword(s):  
Female Genital Mutilation ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Genital Mutilation ◽  
Sample Data ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Worldwide Phenomenon ◽  
Key Informant Interview ◽  
Genital Disease ◽  
Female Genital

Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is a worldwide phenomenon. Despite many attempts for its abolishment, FGM is undergoing till today. This study has been conducted in Six Woredas of Southern Region of Ethiopia in order to assess the prevalence of FGM, to explore its drivers, to assess documentation and tracking practices, and political will and synergy of actors against FGM. A total of 120 respondents were taken as a sample. Data has been collected using questionnaire, key informant interview, and focus group discussions. Findings revealed that FGM is prevalent in the study Woredas. It is practiced secretly and there is also a cross-boundary circumcision which makes documentation and tracking practices challenging. FGM is mainly practiced by traditional cutters and ‘festal doctors'. It is mainly practiced simply because it has been practiced by the previous generation. FGM is also perceived as medication to ‘chebela' [genital ‘disease']. Girls also perceive FGM as a sign of braveness. The political will and synergy different actors in the study Woredas, were found to be weak.

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