scholarly journals Biosorbents for wastewater treatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Vita Halysh ◽  
Inna Trus ◽  
Vіacheslav Radovenchyk ◽  
Mykola Gomelya
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Sorption Properties ◽  
Cationic Dye ◽  
Initial Material ◽  
Sorption Efficiency ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Biosorption is a promising technology for removing various pollutants from industrial wastewater, which consists in the use of secondary plant raw materials (e.g., agro-industrial waste) to solve environmental pollution problems. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential of nut shells as a biosorbent, to study the effect of alkaline modification of shells on their properties and to study the use of spent biosorbents as additives in cement. The influence of the fractional composition of the initial material on its sorption capacity and the influence of the modification of shells with alkaline solution on the properties of the obtained biosorbents are investigated. The yield of the final products was determined gravimetrically as the ratio of the mass of the product to the mass of the raw material. The sorption capacity was studied using model solutions. The concentration of sodium hydroxide solutions was determined by titration, and the cationic dye by spectrophotometric method. Methylene blue was used as a test dye. The studies have shown that the fractional composition of the material largely determines its sorption properties. Reducing the particle size of the nut shells leads to an increase in the sorption efficiency of methylene blue from 17.2% for the fraction with a size of 1.5-2.0 mm to 39.2% for the fraction with a size of 0.5-1.0 mm. The static exchange capacity increases by an average of 30 % for each subsequent fraction. To improve the sorption properties of the initial material, along with grinding, it is advisable to use chemical modification. The method of alkaline modification was used, which is accompanied by partial destruction of the aromatic component of raw materials and low molecular weight polysaccharides and by removal of extractives of different nature, which leads to the formation of a more porous structure. The maximum sorption efficiency of methylene blue (80 %) corresponds to the biosorbent obtained from nut shells (fractional composition 0.5-1.0 mm) by modifying with 5 % NaOH solution for 180 min at a temperature of 100 oC. Alkaline treatment significantly improves the adsorption capacity of the biosorbent to the cationic dye compared to the initial material. The sorption capacity of nut shells and biosorbent based on shells was studied as a function of pH of aqueous dye solution and duration of contact. It was found that pH of the aqueous solution had a significant effect on the sorption of the dye and the maximum value was reached at pH 6. This is due to the electrokinetic properties of the surface of lignocellulosic materials - the ability to change charge depending on pH (positive in acidic, negative in neutral and alkaline), due to the presence of different functional groups. The study of kinetics showed that the maximum rate of absorption of methylene blue corresponded to the first 30 minutes of contact. Sorption equilibrium is achieved within 240 minutes of contact. Sorption kinetics was also studied using pseudo-first and pseudo-second order models, as well as a diffusion model. The pseudo-second order kinetic model (R2 = 0.99) best describes the absorption kinetics of the cationic dye and suggests that the fixation of methylene blue on the surface of the biosorbent occurs due to various mechanisms. The problem of further use of spent sorption materials is no less important than the efficiency of sorbents in creating an effective integrated water treatment technology. Spent biosorbent was used as an additive to the composition of cement type I/500. The use of plant material in the amount of 5% will not lead to a significant deterioration of the physical and mechanical properties of cement. This indicates the prospects of such an approach in the utilization of spent sorbents. In further research, it is planned to investigate various modification options for plant materials for obtaining highly effective biosorbents of multipurpose function for the solution of environmental problems.

scholarly journals Cationic Dye Removal By Sugarcane Bagasse Activated Carbon From Aqueous Solution

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 784-795 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Cationic Dye ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

<div> <p>Low cost agricultural waste adsorbents can be viable alternatives to activated carbon for the treatment of contaminated wastewater. Sugarcane Bagasse, an abundant agriculture waste in Egypt, was used in the present study to prepare activated carbon. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to study its effectiveness to remove cationic dye methylene blue from aqueous solution. The effects of initial dye concentrations, agitation time, solution pH and temperature on methylene blue dye removal were investigated. The optimum pH value for the maximum percentage removal of the dye was 7. Adsorption isotherms were determined and modeled with Redlich&ndash;Peterson, Langmuir and Freundlich equations at 20&ordm;C.The kinetic data were analyzed using Pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order. The mechanism of the adsorption process was determined from the intraparticle diffusion model. Thermodynamic parameters such as standard enthalpy (ΔH&deg;), standard entropy (ΔS&deg;) and free energy (ΔG&deg;) were determined.&nbsp; The equilibrium data were best fitted to the Redlich&ndash;Peterson isotherm model .The adsorption kinetics was found to follow the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with good correlation coefficient. The positive ΔH<sup>◦</sup> value indicated that the adsorption process was endothermic in nature. The results revealed sugarcane bagasse activated carboncould be employed as a low-cost alternative adsorbent in wastewater treatment.&nbsp;</p> </div> <p>&nbsp;</p>

scholarly journals Kinetic Study of the Bioadsorption of Methylene Blue on the Surface of the Biomass Obtained from the Algae D. antarctica

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jhonatan R. Guarín ◽  
Juan Carlos Moreno-Pirajan ◽  
Liliana Giraldo
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Total Elimination ◽  
Purification Of Water

Currently, there is a great pollution of water by the dyes; due to this, several studies have been carried out to remove these compounds. However, the total elimination of these pollutants from the aquatic effluents has represented a great challenge for the scientific community, for which it is necessary to carry out investigations that allow the purification of water. In this work, we studied the bioadsorption of methylene blue on the surface of the biomass obtained from the algae D. antarctica. This material was characterized by SEM and FTIR. To the data obtained in the biosorption experiments, different models of biosorption and kinetics were applied, finding that the best fit to the obtained data is given by applying the pseudo-second-order models and the Toth model, respectively. It was also determined that the maximum adsorption capacity of MB on the surface of the biomass is 702.9 mg/g, which shows that this material has great properties as a bioadsorbent.

A Comparative Sorption Study of Ni (II) form Aqueous Solution Using Silica Gel, Amberlite IR-120 and Sawdust

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (9) ◽  
pp. 1275-1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atta ul Haq ◽  
Muhammad Rasul Jan ◽  
Jasmin Shah ◽  
Maria Sadia ◽  
Muhammad Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Sorption Data ◽  
Desorption Study ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Sorption Study

Abstract The presence of heavy metals in water causes serious problems and their treatment before incorporating into the water body is a challenge for researchers. The present study was conducted to compare the sorption study of Ni (II) using silica gel, amberlite IR-120 and sawdust of mulberry wood in batch system under the influence of pH, initial Ni (II) concentration and contact time. It was observed that sorption process was depending upon pH and maximum sorption was achieved at pH 7.0. Kinetic data were well fitted into pseudo-second order kinetic model due to high R2 values and closeness of experimental sorption capacity and calculated sorption capacity of pseudo-second order. Isotherms study showed that Langmuir is one of the most suitable choices to explain sorption data due to high R2 values. The monolayer sorption capacities of silica gel, amberlite IR-120 and sawdust were found to be 33.33, 25.19, and 33.67 mg g−1, respectively. Desorption study revealed that NaCl is one of the most appropriate desorbent. It may be concluded from this study that sawdust is a suitable sorbent due to low cost, abundant availability and recycling of the materials for further study.

scholarly journals Molybdenum Trioxide: Efficient Nanosorbent for Removal of Methylene Blue Dye from Aqueous Solutions

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 2295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Souad Rakass ◽  
Hicham Oudghiri Hassani ◽  
Mostafa Abboudi ◽  
Fethi Kooli ◽  
Ahmed Mohmoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Molybdenum Trioxide ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Methylene Blue Dye ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Nano Molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO3) was synthesized in an easy and efficient approach. The removal of methylene blue (MB) in aqueous solutions was studied using this material. The effects of various experimental parameters, for example contact time, pH, temperature and initial MB concentration on removal capacity were explored. The removal of MB was significantly affected by pH and temperature and higher values resulted in increase of removal capacity of MB. The removal efficiency of Methylene blue was 100% at pH = 11 for initial dye concentrations lower than 150 ppm, with a maximum removal capacity of 152 mg/g of MB as gathered from Langmuir model. By comparing the kinetic models (pseudo first-order, pseudo second-order and intraparticle diffusion model) at various conditions, it has been found that the pseudo second-order kinetic model correlates with the experimental data well. The thermodynamic study indicated that the removal was endothermic, spontaneous and favorable. The thermal regeneration studies indicated that the removal efficiency (99%) was maintained after four cycles of use. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) confirmed the presence of the MB dye on the α-MoO3 nanoparticles after adsorption and regeneration. The α-MoO3 nanosorbent showed excellent removal efficiency before and after regeneration, suggesting that it can be used as a promising adsorbent for removing Methylene blue dye from wastewater.

scholarly journals The Equilibrium, Kinetics, and Thermodynamics Studies of the Sorption of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution Using Pulverized Raw Macadamia Nut Shells

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Joshua N. Edokpayi ◽  
Samson O. Alayande ◽  
Ahmed Adetoro ◽  
John O. Odiyo
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Macadamia Nut ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

In this study, the potential for pulverized raw macadamia nut shell (MNS) for the sequestration of methylene blue from aqueous media was assessed. The sorbent was characterized using scanning electron microscopy for surface morphology, functional group analysis was performed with a Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) isotherm was used for surface area elucidation. The effects of contact time, sorbent dosage, particle size, pH, and change in a solution matrix were studied. Equilibrium data were fitted using Temkin, Langmuir, and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models. The sorption kinetics was studied using the Lagergren pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich, and intraparticle diffusion models. The feasibility of the study was established from the thermodynamic studies. A surface area of 2.763 m2/g was obtained. The equilibrium and kinetics of sorption was best described by the Langmuir and the pseudo-second-order models, respectively. The sorption process was spontaneous (−ΔG0=28.72−31.77 kJ/mol) and endothermic in nature (ΔH0=17.45 kJ/mol). The positive value of ΔS0 (0.15 kJ/molK) implies increased randomness of the sorbate molecules at the surface of the sorbent. This study presents sustainable management of wastewater using MNS as a potential low-cost sorbent for dye decontamination from aqueous solution.

scholarly journals Preparation and Adsorption Properties of Biochar/g-C3N4 Composites for Methylene Blue in Aqueous Solution

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Li
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Thermodynamic Parameters ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorption Effect ◽  
Freundlich Model ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Doping Ratio

Using straw and urea as raw materials, biochar (BC) and g-C3N4 were prepared by oxygen-free pyrolysis at 300°C and 550°C. BC/g-C3N4 was prepared by loading different amounts of g-C3N4 onto the surface of biochar and characterized by SEM and FT-IR. The adsorption effect on methylene blue (MB) was investigated from the aspects of dosage and pH. The studies of adsorption equilibrium isotherms and the kinetic and the thermodynamic parameters on the BC/g-C3N4 adsorbents are discussed. The results showed that BC/g-C3N4 0.16 g/L with a doping ratio of 1 : 3 was added to the MB solution with an initial concentration of 50 mg/L and pH=11. The adsorption rate and adsorption amount were 96.72% and 302.25 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption process included surface adsorption and intraparticle diffusion, which conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir-Freundlich model. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔG0<0, ΔH0>0, and ΔS0>0) showed that the adsorption reaction is spontaneous, which positively correlated with temperature.

STRUCTURE AND SORPTION PROPERTIES OF POROUS CARBON SORBENTS FROM ASPEN BARK

2019 ◽  
pp. 325-333
Author(s):  
Evgeniya Vladimirovna Veprikova ◽  
Ivan Petrovich Ivanov ◽  
Nikolay Vasil'yevich Chesnokov ◽  
Boris Nikolayevich Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Porous Structure ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Sorption Properties ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Carbon Sorbents ◽  
Structure And Sorption Properties

The effect of temperature of aspen bark pre-carbonization on evolution of a porous structure and sorption properties of the carbon sorbents prepared in results of thermo alkaline activation of carbonizats with hydroxide potassium was studied.  The relationship of a sorption of methylene blue and vitamin B12 by the sorbents from aspen bark to a volume and size of pores was established. It was shown, that the carbon sorbents capacity at а methylene blue are defined by pores with width 0.86–2.95 nm, and at a vitamin B12 – 3.18–6.89 nm. Comparation of the porous structures parameters and sorption properties of the carbon sorbents from aspen bark and commercial activated carbon for medical purposes was maked. Kinetic of markers sorption onto sorbents with different porous structure was studied and the corresponding rate constants were calculated. The possibility preparation of a carbon sorbent have high rate of vitamin B12 sorption (rate constant is 3.953 min–1) was shown.  The determinations of a sorption capacity of sorbents in conditions assume at enterosorbents test were carry out. It was determined, that sorbents, prepped from aspen bark, exceeds the sample of industrial activated carbon for medical purposes at sorption capacity of methylene blue and vitamin B12 in 1.7 and 1.5 time, correspondingly.

Biopolymeric Adsorbent for the Removal of Methylene Blue: Characterizations, Equilibrium Isotherms and Kinetic Studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 1125 ◽  
pp. 281-285
Author(s):  
Siti Aishah Muhmed ◽  
Mohd Ghazali Mohd Nawawi
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Equilibrium Isotherms ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Crosslinked Sago Starch (CSS) was prepared by crosslinking native starch with Sodium Trimetaphosphate. As a biodegradable adsorbent, CSS was used to remove methylene blue (MB) from the aqueous solution based on its characterization, including the granule morphology, crystalline nature and molecular structure. The adsorption capacity of CSS was evaluated as a function of pH, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration and time. It was favorable for adsorption under condition of neutral and at high initial concentration. The adsorption capacity trend was decreased with increasing the adsorbent dosage. The equilibrium isotherms were conducted using Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin model. It has been demonstrated that the better agreement was Langmuir isotherm with correlation coefficient of 0.99, equilibrium adsorption capacity of 3.75 mg g-1, chi-square test, χ2 of 0.03% and corresponding contact time of 4 hours. The pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion were used to fit adsorption data in the kinetic studies. And results showed that the adsorption kinetics was more accurately described by the pseudo-second-order model with correlation coefficient, R2 of 0.99 and standard deviation, SSE of 0.12%. The obtained results suggest that CSS could be promising candidates as an adsorbent for dye removal.

Modification of granular activated carbon surface by chitosan coating for geosmin removal: sorption performances

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vinitnantharat ◽  
W. Rattanasirisophon ◽  
Y. Ishibashi
Keyword(s):  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Carbon Surface ◽  
Adsorption Model ◽  
Chitosan Coating ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

This study presents the results of the sorption performances for geosmin removal by sorption onto granular activated carbons (GAC) manufactured from different raw materials of coconut shell and bituminous coal. The surface of GAC was modified by chitosan coating. The 90% deacetylated chitosan flakes were used for coating on GAC with the GAC: chitosan ratio of 5:1. The surface of GAC was characterised by scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and measurement of the pH solution of GAC samples. The sorption of geosmin onto the chitosan for both uncoated and coated GACs could be described by the Freundlich adsorption model. Data revealed that the sequence of Freundlich constant (KF) was chitosan coated bitominous coal (CB) &gt; uncoated bituminous coal (UB) &gt; chitosan coated coconut shell (CC) ≅ uncoated coconut shell (UC). The bituminous coal based GAC with chitosan coating had a maximum capacity of 23.57 μg/g which was approximately two-fold of uncoated bituminous coal based GAC. Two simplified kinetic models, pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order, were tested to investigate the sorption mechanisms. It was found that the intraparticle diffusion was a rate controlling step for the sorption and followed the pseudo-second order equation.

scholarly journals Modelling of lead removal by an aquatic moss

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. E. Martins ◽  
R. A. R. Boaventura
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Metal Concentration ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Lead Removal ◽  
Present System ◽  
Fontinalis Antipyretica ◽  
Aquatic Moss ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Aquatic bryophytes are frequently used as biomonitors for trace metals in aquatic ecosystems. Nevertheless, their special characteristics also allow using them as biosorbents to clean industrial wastewaters. As biosorption is a low cost and effective method for treating metal-bearing wastewaters, understanding the process kinetics is relevant for design purposes. In this study, the ability of the aquatic bryophyte Fontinalis antipyretica to remove lead from simulated wastewaters was evaluated. Three kinetic models (pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and Elovich) were fitted to the experimental data and compared by the F-test. Previously, the effect on biosorption of parameters such as the initial solution pH, contact time and initial metal ion concentration was investigated. The initial pH of the solution was found to have an optimum value is in the range 4.0–6.0. The equilibrium sorption capacity of lead by Fontinalis antipyretica increased with the initial metal concentration. For an initial metal concentration of 10 mg L−1, the uptake capacity at equilibrium was 4.8 mg g−1. Nevertheless, when the initial concentration increased up to 100 mg L−1, the uptake of lead was 10 times higher. The pseudo-second order biosorption kinetic model provided the better correlation with the experimental data (R2=1.00). The applicability of the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms to the present system was also assessed. The maximum lead sorption capacity by Fontinalis antipyretica was 68 mg g−1.

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