Accessing demand characteristics of agritourism in Italy

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-296
Author(s):  
Yasuo Ohe
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Domestic Demand ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Demand Characteristics ◽  
Regional Characteristics ◽  
Operation Rate

The purpose – The aim of this paper is to investigate the demand characteristics of agritourism in Italy, which has not been fully investigated despite the relatively high number of the supply-side studies on the Italian agritourism. Design – First this paper conceptually characterized the features of agritourism as the old and modern types and outlined the trend of supply and demand in agritourism in Italy in comparison with Japan. Second, this paper statistically examined the characteristics in the demand side for agritourism in Italy in comparison with tourism demand in general, such as that for hotels. Methodology and approach – Data were obtained from ‘Annuario Statistico Italiano’ edited and issued by ISTAT (Istituto Nazionale di Statistica). Data from 1997 were compared with those from 2006. We examined the regional characteristics and trends in the composition of domestic and inbound tourists in relation to agritourism. Findings – (1) Agritourism experienced rapid growth in the number of beds available and of those tourists who stayed overnight during the last decade while the operation rate of agritourism is much lower than that of tourism in general. (2) The market for agritourism domestic demand accounted for more than half of the total agritourism demand. The remaining demand was filled by inbound tourists from European countries. These inbound tourists are driving the growth of agritourism in this country. Even if we consider the particular reasons for low barriers to travel in Europe, these findings clearly indicate that it is essential for the development of agritourism to count not only on domestic but also inbound tourists to raise the operation rate. Originality of the research – The originality comes from the investigation of agritourism in Italy by focusing on the demand factors in comparison with tourism in general.

scholarly journals Potensi Pengembangan Desa Kliwonan sebagai Desa Wisata Batik di Kabupaten Sragen

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Ninik Wahyuning Tyas ◽  
Maya Damayanti
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Comprehensive Review

Nowadays, tourism village development has become an alternative for local economic development and been applied in many regions, including at Kliwonan Village in Sragen Regency, as a part of Sragen Batik Cluster. Kliwonan Village has development potentials viewed from its geographical and accessibility aspect. Viewed from geographical aspect, Kliwonan Village is approximately 10 km from Sangiran Museum, which was established as a National Tourism Strategic Area (KSPN). Moreover, viewed from the accessibility aspect, Kliwonan Village is easily accessible since is approximately 8 km from Solo-Kertosono toll exit. In order to be developed as a batik tourism village, a comprehensive review of supply and demand is needed. Based on that, this research aimed to explore the development potentials of Kliwonan Village as a batik tourism village based on the aspects of supply and demand in order to contribute recommendations for Kliwonan Village’s development in the future. This research used mixed method, incorporating qualitative method to analyze tourism supply-side, community characteristic, and policy, as well as quantitative method to analyze tourism demand-side. This research indicates that Kliwonan Village has the potential to be developed as a batik tourism village. However, it is still not ready since there are some elements in the supply-side that need improvement or development, namely accessibility, amenity, information and institution.

scholarly journals Characteristics Analysis of the Heat-to-Power Ratio from the Supply and Demand Sides of Cities in Northern China

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunyong Yin ◽  
Jianjun Xia ◽  
Yi Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Power Ratio ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Heating Method ◽  
Urban Energy

Combined heat and power (CHP), an efficient heating method with cascades use of energy, accounts for approximately 50% of the heat sources in northern China. Many researchers have made significant efforts to improve its energy efficiency and environmental effects with important achievements. Given that the system produces heat and electricity at the same time, this study focuses on the role of CHP in the holistic urban energy system and points out the mismatch between the demand and supply sides of urban energy systems by using the heat-to-power ratio as a parameter. The calculation method and characteristics of the supply side heat-to-power ratio of eight heating methods and the maximum demand side heat-to-power ratio for 19 cities in northern China are displayed. After the analysis, it is concluded that (1) the maximum demand side heat-to-power ratio in the cities varies from 1.0 to 5.9, which is affected by the location and social, economic, and industrial structures. (2) In most of the cities, with the current energy structure, the demand side heat-to-power ratios are always larger than the supply side heat-to-power ratios. (3) The reduction in heating demand, surplus heat recovery, and the use of a highly efficient electric heating method, such as the heat pump, can help solve the mismatch of the heat-to-power ratio between the demand and supply sides. These conclusions can guide the urban energy planning and system construction.

scholarly journals Supply-Side and Demand-Side Cost Sharing in Health Care

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall P Ellis ◽  
Thomas G McGuire
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cost Sharing ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Health Care Demand ◽  
Financial Risk Protection ◽  
Long Run

In health markets, the price paid by insured consumers when health care services are demanded can be set separately from the price paid to providers when services are supplied. This fact suggests two alternate strategies for controlling the costs of health care: demand-side cost sharing, where patients must pay more in co-payments or deductibles, and supply-side cost sharing, which seeks to alter the incentives of health care workers to provide certain services. We review the rationale, limits, and comparative advantage of demand- and supply-side cost sharing in health care while primarily focusing on the short-run pursuit of consumer financial risk protection and efficiency. We then turn briefly to the long-run issue of technology adoption, as well as the how supply- and demand-side cost sharing may affect the fairness of the health system.

scholarly journals Development of Supply and Demand Functions of Pakistan’s Wheat Crop

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zulfiqar ◽  
Anwar F. Chishti
Keyword(s):  
Side Population ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
National Level ◽  
Simultaneous Equations ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Market Forces ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Domestic Consumption ◽  
Demand Functions

A simultaneous-equations model was used to capture the supply and demand functions for Pakistan’s wheat sector at the national level. This model reflects the fact that Pakistan’s domestic wheat supply is priceresponsive and positively affected by the use of nutrient fertilizers. While price appears to be a statistically significant factor on the supply side, it is statistically insignificant on the demand side. Population size appears to be very significant in determining wheat demand. The wheat import supply seems to be influenced by the current world wheat price, current world wheat supplies, Pakistan’s domestic consumption in previous years, and domestic supply in previous years. We recommend that policymakers allow market forces to play a role in the wheat economy in a way that protects producers from adverse market conditions. The availability of various nutrient fertilizers should be central to policies on future inputs use. Work is also needed on wheat alternatives so that the country’s dependence on wheat is eased as much as possible.

scholarly journals A measure of competitive access to destinations for comparing across multiple study regions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Allen ◽  
Steven Farber
Keyword(s):  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Transportation Networks ◽  
Spatial Interaction ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Interaction Modeling

Accessibility is now a common way to measure the benefits provided by transportation–land use systems. Despite its widespread use, few measurement options allow for the comparison of accessibility across multiple urban systems, and most do not adequately control for market competition between demand‐side actors and supply‐side facilities in localized markets. In this article, we develop a measure of competitive access to destinations that can be used to accurately compare accessibility between regions. This measure stems from spatial interaction modeling and accounts for competition at both the supply and demand sides of analysis, regional differences in transportation networks and travel behavior, and any imbalance between the size of the population and the number of opportunities. We use this method to compute access to employment for Canada's eight largest cities to comparatively examine inequalities in accessibility, both within and between cities, and by travel mode.

scholarly journals The silver tourism economy in rural areas under conditions of sustainable development

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-133
Author(s):  
Jan Sikora ◽  
Agnieszka Anna Wartecka-Ważyńska
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Tourism Economy

The aim of the article is to present the concept of the silver tourism economy and to identify its supply and demand in rural areas in Poland in relation to sustainable development. The problems of interest were analysed in the context of values held by and ethical norms observed in rural communities. It was found that ethical aspects of sustainable development were embraced by older members of rural communities, and, consequently, were closely connected with the supply and demand sides of the silver tourism economy. The study revealed that the supply side of the silver tourism economy in rural areas was more developed than the demand side. The authors emphasize the need for natural, cultural, social and economic resources (associated with the supply side) to support the demand side of the rural tourism market. They also indicate that ethical values and norms of sustainable development are important for the silver tourism economy. The article is based a review of the literature, analysis of secondary sources and official documents and participant observation undertaken by of the authors.

Barriers to Youth Employment

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Walmsley
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Youth Employment ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Hospitality Sector ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality

This chapter explores barriers to youth employment in the tourism and hospitality sector. It addresses this issue from both supply and demand perspectives. The supply side discusses perceptions of tourism employment while the demand side takes the perspective of business, trying to better understand the nature of demand for tourism employees, skills gaps and shortages, and attitudes towards employing young people specifically. The chapter concludes by describing a range of initiatives that target the barriers to youth employment in tourism.

scholarly journals Contrasting Supply-side, Demand-side and Combined Approaches to Labour Market Integration

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
KJETIL FRØYLAND ◽  
TONE ALM ANDREASSEN ◽  
SIMON INNVÆR
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Labour Market Integration ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Do So

AbstractIn social policy discussions about activation or ALMP (Active Labour Market Policies), most attention is paid to supply-side approaches, directed towards jobless individuals. In these discussions, little attention is given to demand-side approaches aimed at activating employers, or combined workplace-oriented approaches that combine supply and demand-side elements. The aim of this article is to introduce demand-side and combined approaches developed within the fields of disability policy and vocational rehabilitation to scholarly discussions about activation and ALMP.By comparing these three approaches, we show that demand-side and combined approaches challenge key assumptions underlying the dominant supply-side approaches. They do so by representing different views of a) work – as a right instead of a duty; b) the problem of reduced work capacity – not as individual failure, but rather as a prejudice in attitudes among employers or as a gap between capacities and demands; c) the employers and the labour market – as transformable instead of fixed.Supply-side, demand-side and combined workplace-oriented approaches share the aim of labour market integration; however, their developments seem to have taken place largely in isolation from each other. We argue that when brought together they could form a more comprehensive base for further development of labour market integration.

Determinants of online hotel room prices: comparing supply-side and demand-side decisions

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 2149-2168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rouzbeh Razavi ◽  
Aviad A. Israeli
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Web Crawler ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Perspective ◽  
Competitive Environments ◽  
Practical Standpoint ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This study aims to examine the effect of hotels’ star ratings and customer ratings on online hotel prices from both supply- and demand-side perspectives. Design/methodology/approach To compile the supply-side data, a Web crawler was designed and implemented to read online prices and characteristics of available hotels from Trivago. Demand-side data were compiled from surveys conducted using the Amazon Mechanical Turk portal. Data were analyzed with an array of advanced machine learning regression models. Findings The results show that while a star rating is the most important predictor of price from both supply- and demand-side perspectives, customer rating influences the price much more significantly on the demand-side. Customers showed a tendency to overestimate the room price of three- and four-star hotels and underestimate the price of five-star hotels. Customers placed a heavier weight on customer ratings when estimating prices particularly when the average rating was above 7.5 (out of 10). The study also confirms the strong effect of price adjustment for customers when they were exposed to the prices of other similar hotels. Finally, the study examines the impact of demographics on the perceived hotel value. Age, ethnicity, education and income are shown to be the most significant demographic characteristics. Originality/value The results are valuable from a research perspective because they demonstrate how to price rooms more effectively based on their perceived value from consumers’ perspectives. From a practical standpoint, the findings provide useful managerial tools for pricing in competitive environments.

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