scholarly journals Bibliologos – the vaccine from ignorance and nonsense

2021 ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
A. V. Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Digital Culture ◽  
General Definition ◽  
Universal Vaccine ◽  
Productive Force ◽  
Science Management ◽  
New Type ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Cognitive Measurement ◽  
Education Science ◽  
Book Culture

The neologism “Bibliologos” is literally translated from Greek as a “Book mind”. Real areas of bibliologos existence are education, science, management. Bibliologos can be considered from three points of view: first, genetic (or rather epistemological, theoretical and cognitive) measurement, revealing the initial substances and philosophical categories that are inherent to both the National Logos in general and its varieties – Bibliologos; secondly, the socio-functional dimension, considering the productive forces, material tools and bibliosphere technologies; thirdly, system-structural measurement, studying signs, symbols and documents that form the system of bibliologos. Hence, there are three private definitions: genetic, functional and system-structural. The generalization of private definitions is the general definition: Bibliologos-Σ is a collective mind of a civilized society in the form of a productive force providing creation, preservation, use of book culture.The idea of the Bibliologos in all interpretations will undoubtedly find use in such areas of modern mental labor as education, science, management for to educate a new type of person. It is obvious. Prospects of the synthesis of book culture and digital culture are problematic. It should be assumed that in the future digital sphere for processing the Big Data arrays, Big Logos will be required as the universal vaccine from ignorance and nonsense.

scholarly journals Bibliologos and library and information education

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-44
Author(s):  
A. V. Sokolov ◽  
A. S. Turgaev
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
Book History ◽  
National Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Digital Culture ◽  
Productive Force ◽  
The Future ◽  
Library And Information Education ◽  
Book Culture

In the Decree of the President V. V. Putin of July 21, 2020 "On the national development goals of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030", there are two national goals that are directly related to the book and library business: the education of a harmoniously developed and socially responsible personality and the implementation of digital transformation of key sectors of the economy and social spheres. The Russian Bibliologos (book mind) has been creatively and collectively created over millennia. Cognition of the essence of the Bibliologos is a priority task of book and library science and library and information education today. The article examines the biological and social prerequisites of book communication, the dynamics of the development of the classical Bibliologos and the scientific and pedagogical foundations of the formation of the non-classical Bibliologos of the XXI century.The Bibliologos is understood as a biologically and socially determined intelligent productive force mastered by people in the process of hominization (humanization). The following functional definition is proposed: Bibliologos is the collective mind of a historically stable community of people who own the book culture, write and read books and are directly involved in the production of the bibliosphere. The Classical Bibliosphere is defined as a supersystem of book-communication systems that ensures the reproduction, preservation and further development of the national book culture. The structure of the bibliosphere is formed by socio-cultural institutions (systems, or branches of the book business), namely: publishing, printing industry, book trade, librarianship, bibliography. Each institute includes practice, education, science, special communication, management bodies. The branch problems of the bibliosphere are studied by related, but relatively independent, scientific and practical studies (bibliography, library science, records management, book history, bibliopolistics, editsiology, etc.), and bibliology is engaged in general problems – a complex science (or a complex of sciences) about books and books, as well as general document theory, or documentology. In addition to branch institutes, the bodies of the bibliosphere are: bibliophile socio-cultural movement; non-profit and commercial founders and voluntary associations; government authorities and censorship.The participation of the Russian Bibliologos and the library school in the implementation of the human-creative project as a national target is envisaged. Particular attention is paid to the European experience of modeling a new type of person, the historical project "Memory for the Future", cyber-socialization of the society of the future, topical issues of non-classical library and information education and the synthesis of book culture and digital culture of the XXI century. It is concluded that national security and the well-being of future generations depend on the non-classical Bibliosphere, in particular on national libraries and school librarians.

scholarly journals THE TURN OF THE SCREW: HENRY JAMES AS AN AUTHOR AND A CRITIC

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-67
Author(s):  
M.B. Rarenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Henry James ◽  
William James ◽  
Absolute Truth ◽  
The Core ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The World ◽  
New Type ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Absolute

The article considers the story by Henry James (1843 – 1916) «The Turn of the Screw» (1898 – first edition, 1908 – second edition) in connection with the emergence of a new type of narrator in the writer's late prose. The worldview and creative method of H. James are formed under the influence of the philosophy of pragmatism, which became widespread at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries thanks to the works of the writer's elder brother, the philosopher William James (1842 – 1910). The core of pragmatism is the pluralistic concept of William James based on the assumption that knowledge can be realized from very limited, incomplete, and inadequate «points of view» and this leads to the statement that the absolute truth is essentially unknowable. The epistemological statements of William James's theory is that the content of knowledge is entirely determined by the installation of consciousness, and the content of the truth in this case depends on the goals and experience of the human, i.e. the central starting point is the consciousness of the person. Henry James not only creates works of art, but also sets out in detail the principles of his work both on the pages of fiction works of small and large prose, putting them in the mouths of their characters – representatives of the world of art, and in the prefaces to his works of fiction, as well as in critical works.

scholarly journals A Universal Bacteriophage T4 Nanoparticle Platform to Design Multiplex SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Candidates by CRISPR Engineering

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingen Zhu ◽  
Neeti Ananthaswamy ◽  
Swati Jain ◽  
Himanshu Batra ◽  
Wei-Chun Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Bacteriophage T4 ◽  
Universal Vaccine ◽  
Nucleocapsid Proteins ◽  
Vaccine Candidates ◽  
Receptor Interactions ◽  
New Type ◽  
Nanoparticle Structure ◽  
Viral Components ◽  
Rapid Deployment

AbstractA “universal” vaccine design platform that can rapidly generate multiplex vaccine candidates is critically needed to control future pandemics. Here, using SARS-CoV-2 pandemic virus as a model, we have developed such a platform by CRISPR engineering of bacteriophage T4. A pipeline of vaccine candidates were engineered by incorporating various viral components into appropriate compartments of phage nanoparticle structure. These include: expressible spike genes in genome, spike and envelope epitopes as surface decorations, and nucleocapsid proteins in packaged core. Phage decorated with spike trimers is found to be the most potent vaccine candidate in mouse and rabbit models. Without any adjuvant, this vaccine stimulated robust immune responses, both TH1 and TH2 IgG subclasses, blocked virus-receptor interactions, neutralized viral infection, and conferred complete protection against viral challenge. This new type of nanovaccine design framework might allow rapid deployment of effective phage-based vaccines against any emerging pathogen in the future.

scholarly journals Strategies for preserving memes as artefacts of digital culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 895-904
Author(s):  
Fátima García López ◽  
Sara Martínez Cardama
Keyword(s):  
Mass Culture ◽  
Digital Culture ◽  
The Internet ◽  
British Library ◽  
National Library ◽  
The Future ◽  
Specific Assessment ◽  
New Type ◽  
Expression Characteristic ◽  
Web Archive

The Internet archives kept by heritage libraries are analysed, focusing specifically on that new type of expression characteristic of web culture and digital folklore, the meme. Five paradigmatic examples of heritage institutions engaging in web archive initiatives are explored: the Library of Congress, British Library, Bibliothèque Nationale de France, Biblioteca Nacional de España and National Library of Australia. Specific assessment categories are defined for the study. The findings reveal a lack of collection policies for such representative objects of today’s mass culture and identify the challenges both for the custodial institutions and for research in the future.

scholarly journals Cooperation-Controlled Learning for Explicit Class Structure in Self-Organizing Maps

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryotaro Kamimura
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Networks ◽  
Class Structure ◽  
Small Individual ◽  
Self Organizing Maps ◽  
Information Theoretic ◽  
New Type ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Information Theoretic Method ◽  
Self Organizing

We attempt to demonstrate the effectiveness of multiple points of view toward neural networks. By restricting ourselves to two points of view of a neuron, we propose a new type of information-theoretic method called “cooperation-controlled learning.” In this method, individual and collective neurons are distinguished from one another, and we suppose that the characteristics of individual and collective neurons are different. To implement individual and collective neurons, we prepare two networks, namely, cooperative and uncooperative networks. The roles of these networks and the roles of individual and collective neurons are controlled by the cooperation parameter. As the parameter is increased, the role of cooperative networks becomes more important in learning, and the characteristics of collective neurons become more dominant. On the other hand, when the parameter is small, individual neurons play a more important role. We applied the method to the automobile and housing data from the machine learning database and examined whether explicit class boundaries could be obtained. Experimental results showed that cooperation-controlled learning, in particular taking into account information on input units, could be used to produce clearer class structure than conventional self-organizing maps.

A purely topological form of non-Aristotelian logic

1937 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl G. Hempel
Keyword(s):  
Truth Table ◽  
Aristotelian Logic ◽  
Truth Values ◽  
Symbolic Notation ◽  
Sentential Logic ◽  
New Type ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Topological Form

1. The problem. The aim of the following considerations is to introduce a new type of non-Aristotelian logic by generalizing the truth-table methods so far employed for establishing non-Aristotelian sentential calculi. We shall expound the intended generalization by applying it to the particular set of pluri-valued systems introduced by J. Łukasiewicz. One will remark that the points of view illustrated by this example may serve to generalize quite analogously any other plurivalued systems, such as those originated by E. L. Post, by H. Reichenbach, and by others.2. J. Łukasiewicz's plurivalued systems of sentential logic. First of all, we consider briefly the structure of the Łukasiewicz systems themselves.As to the symbolic notation in which to represent those systems, we make the following agreements: For representing the expressions of the (two- or plurivalued) calculus of sentences, we make use of the Principia mathematica symbolism; however, we employ brackets instead of dots. We call the small italic letters “p”, “q”, “r”, … sentential variables or elementary sentences, and employ the term “sentence” as a general designation of both elementary sentences and the composites made up of elementary sentences and connective symbols (“~”, “ν” “.”, “⊃” “≡”).Now, the different possible sentences (or, properly speaking, the different possible shapes of sentences, such as “p”, “p∨q”, “~p.(q∨ r)”, etc.) are the objects to which truth-values are ascribed; and just as in every other case one wants a designation for an object in order to be able to speak of it, we want now a system of designations for the sentences with which we are going to deal in our truth-table considerations.

scholarly journals HYBRID WAR AS A MODERN FORM OF VIOLENCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (48) ◽  
pp. 133-145
Author(s):  
Володимир Вікторович Чалапко
Keyword(s):  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Scientific Concept ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
New Type ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
The Military ◽  
Modern Form

Problem setting. One of the modern forms of violence that requires careful analysis is hybrid war. The events of recent decades have shown that hybrid war is not only a scientific concept, but also a reality today. The phenomenon of hybrid war requires a comprehensive study from both theoretical and practical points of view. Recent research and publications analysis. The problem of hybrid wars is reflected in the scientific works of both foreign and domestic scientists. Among foreign scientists, research in this direction was carried out by R. Glenn, D. Lasik, M. McLuhan, F. Hoffman, who focused on determining the characteristics of hybrid wars in comparison with classical wars, analyzed the strategies and tactical algorithms for conducting such wars, and focused on poly-straightness and multimodality of this type of violence. On the other hand, domestic scientists, in particular V. Kravchenko, focus on the fact that hybrid war is not an absolutely new phenomenon in world history and gives a number of examples of manifestations of "hybridity" in wars of the past. In turn, M. Senchenko, analyzing hybrid war as an integral phenomenon, defines its information component as the main one which the strategy of this type of war is built around. Paper objective. The purpose of this work is to define the essential characteristics of hybrid war as a new form of violence. Paper main body. The understanding of the essence and content of hybrid warfare in the scientific literature is presented by a number of points of view that complement the understanding of this complex and little-studied phenomenon. As you know, the concept of "hybrid war" was introduced into scientific circulation by the American scientist M. McLuhan. Domestic scientists generally understand hybrid war as military actions that are carried out by combining militaristic, quasi-militaristic, diplomatic, informational, economic and other means in order to achieve strategic political goals. The specificity of this combination lies in the fact that each of the military and non-military methods of conducting a hybrid conflict is used for military purposes and is used as a weapon. The researchers note that hybrid warfare is not a fundamentally new type of violence, and its elements have been used by opponents in wars throughout the entire existence of mankind. "Hybridity" in this sense is understood as the complex application of various means and strategies of warfare – from information-psychological to purely military ones. Conclusions of the research.  Thus, hybrid war as a modern form of violence is aimed primarily not at the seizure of territories, but at mastering the public consciousness of the target country and at dominating its information and cultural field. The victory on the "information and cultural front" provides further economic and political dividends for the initiator of the hybrid war.

scholarly journals The Pivotal Meaning and Its Relationship with Derivation Al Tahqiq fe AlQuran Al-Kareem. A Sample (Scrutinizing Words in Glorious Quran: A Sample)

2018 ◽  
Vol 212 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-240
Author(s):  
Assist. Prof. Dr. Khamis Abdullah Al-Timimy. ◽  
Dr. Haider Shnawa Faisal Al-zaidi.
Keyword(s):  
New Type ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Central Meaning ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The Paper has tackled the pivotal meaning, its relationship with derivation, and its types. The paper starts with defining the pivotal meaning and the ways of its formation, then mentioning the difference between the pivotal meaning and central meaning with revealing the most significant points of view anciently and recently. The researcher has defined derivation mentioning the essential views that have said about it with providing on adequate exposure to Mustafawi's remarks concerning derivation and hid unique achievement in this field i.e. adding a new type of derivation which he calls "extractive derivation". The researcher has also tackled about the relationship of the pivotal meaning with types of derivation represented by: small, big, the biggest, and magnificent. Keeping in mind that derivation is a linguistic procedure which cannot be restricted in specific limits in addition to the fact that its relation with the pivotal meaning is divergent depending on the type of derivation. 

scholarly journals Observation of a New Type of Flare

1957 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 319 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Bray ◽  
RE Loughhead ◽  
VR Burges ◽  
Marie K McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Intensity ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Observational Material ◽  
New Type ◽  
Points Of View

The importance of chromospheric flares from both the astrophysical and geophysical points of view is now generally recognized, but, in spite of the extensive observational material collected by Ellison, Dodson, and others, it must be admitted that the mechanism of their origin is still little understood. In this paper we present observations of a hitherto unobserved phenomenon, namely, the ejection of a mass of very bright material from a flare some 28� from the limb of the Sun. The ejection occurred several minutes before flare maximum. It was approximately 10,000 by 30,000 km in size and moved outwards with a velocity across the line-of-sight of 300 km/sec. As it did so, it brightened appreciably, reaching maximum intensity 3� min after expulsion, its height then being 25,000 km. The ejection was quite unlike the dark surge prominences often emitted from flares, and in fact, except for its motion, possessed all the properties of a small flare.

scholarly journals Memes as the Phenomenon of Modern Digital Culture

wisdom ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna VITIUK ◽  
Olena POLISHCHUK ◽  
Nataliia KOVTUN ◽  
Volodymyr FED
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Digital Culture ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Information Product ◽  
New Type ◽  
Special Information ◽  
Artistic Images ◽  
Symbolic Production

The article analyzes an Internet meme as the newest information product of the society and a result of its intellectual and artistic practices. The analysis of the role of the Internet memes, created by means of the popular artistic images modification in the modern digital culture is made. Such methods as semiotic and hermeneutic analysis of the Internet memes are used in the research work. The authors seek to explore the reasons for the popularity of memes in the processes of symbolic production and exchange in contemporary society and the modern digital culture, which is the purpose of this study. We consider that Internet meme created by using and modifying artistic images is a new phenomenon in human public life and new type of communication. As a hypothesis, a distinctive feature of the Internet meme is the surprise and laughter it causes in the “man of the Internet”. The main result of this article is the analysis the role of Internet memes in the newest information space and their specific features as a special information product of the modern digital culture. The authors draw attention to the popularity of Internet memes caused by an increase in information chaos in the modern symbolic production and exchange and, therefore, a person’s confusion when meeting a large number of information.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document