scholarly journals Analysis of Start, End and Length of the Rainfall Season Seasons for Mbeya, Southwestern Highland in Tanzania

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Offoro Kimambo ◽  
Emmanuel Lubango Ndeto
Keyword(s):  
Study Data ◽  
Meteorological Station ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Online Course ◽  
Commercial Agriculture ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Rainfall Season ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Applied Climatology ◽  
The University

Tanzania like any other developing countries is depending on uncertain rainfall for their subsistence and commercial agriculture. In this paper the start and end of rains for Mbeya Meteorological Station in Tanzania Mainland was analyzed and critically examined. Data were kindly given by Tanzania Meteorological Agency (TMA) during face to face Statistics in Applied Climatology (fSIAC) workshop which was held at Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) the year 2013 prior to online Course on Statistics in Applied climatology (eSIAC). In this study data were analyzed using Instat (for windows version 3.3.7) package developed by the Statistical Services Centre of the University of Reading. The analysis showed that much of rains start early December all the way to May. There is also 50 percent chance of having below and above the mean for both total annual rainfall and number of rains, in other word one in two years the total rains are below means likewise the number of rain days.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Writing Confidence, Critical Thinking, and Writing Competence among Registered Nurse-Learners Studying Online

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine Carter
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Nursing Education ◽  
Clinical Reasoning ◽  
Online Course ◽  
Online Writing ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The University ◽  
Writing Competence ◽  
Different Levels

Historically, nursing education has recognized that writing enhances critical thinking, the basis of the clinical reasoning process. The online learning recently adopted by Nursing involves considerable writing, which may enhance critical thinking more than face-to-face courses. In the study reported here, the critical thinking and writing experiences of 34 registered nurses in an online course at an Ontario university were considered from several perspectives: perception of writing competence; demonstration of levels and kinds of critical thinking; and demonstration of writing competence. Although the participants’ perceptions of their writing competence increased significantly, these results were not reflected in their levels of writing competence when compared to that of younger nurse-learners and students in an Arts course at the university. The study did not demonstrate that online writing results in different levels of critical thinking; it did, however, suggest a connection between and among online writing, different kinds of critical thinking, and assignment design.

scholarly journals The challenges of launching a MOOC and reusing that material in a blended campus class

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin G. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Online Courses ◽  
Electronic Materials ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Online Course ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Massive Open Online Course ◽  
Class Time ◽  
Qualitative Feedback ◽  
Engineering Statistics ◽  
The University

Online courses are launching daily on thevarious massive open online course (MOOC) platforms,such as Coursera and edX. These electronic resources arecostly to develop and often likened to sunk “capitalcosts”, as contrasted to ongoing “operating costs” of atraditional face-to-face class. To complete this economicanalogy, it makes sense to amortize, or profitably reusethose electronic materials in the university classroom, asa way to achieve a blended class. It is also worthwhilelearning from others' experiences so those large capitaland labour-intensive investments of video and resourcedevelopment are used profitably.There are some shortcomings and counterintuitiveaspects to the fully online class, described in the paper.The experience of the author using these MOOCmaterials in his active-learning flipped class is described.Plentiful advice is available online regarding the blendedclass, and we give feedback and commentary on thevarious successes and failures experienced when runningthis advanced, final-year engineering statistics course.What activities to use during scheduled class-time is oneof the more daunting questions for the instructor flippinga course, so this section is covered in greatest depth.Some student qualitative feedback is interspersedthroughout.

Public-private partnership in university female students’ hostel delivery

Facilities ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 64-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Olusola Babatunde ◽  
Srinath Perera
Keyword(s):  
Chi Square ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Private Investors ◽  
The University ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Students Satisfaction

Purpose Although studies on student residential satisfaction abound, yet there are limited studies conducted on students’ satisfaction in respect of hostel accommodation facilities undertaken through public-private partnerships (PPPs) in Nigeria. The purpose of this study is to assess the level of students’ satisfaction with the provision of university hostel accommodation facility using build-operate-transfer (BOT) model at University of Lagos (Unilag), Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach The study adopted literature review and questionnaire survey within the case study of a BOT hostel accommodation facility at Unilag in Nigeria. The students who reside at the case study were the respondents. Hence, 153 self-administered questionnaires were purposively distributed face-to-face to the entire student population that live in the BOT hostel. Thus, a total of 96 completed questionnaires representing 63 per cent were collected and found suitable for the analysis. The data collected were analysed using the mean score and chi-square (χ2) test. Findings The study revealed a total mean satisfaction level of 3.46 (on a 5-point Likert scale), which indicates that students are “somehow satisfied” with the university hostel accommodation facility undertaken through BOT. The study further established that age and level of students have no significant influence on the overall students’ satisfaction with their hostel accommodation facility undertaken through BOT. Practical implications The study would provide valuable feedback to private investors, university authorities and facility managers of higher education institutions to improve their services in the near future. Originality/value The identified variables that have tested to be significant in assessing students’ level of satisfaction in BOT hostel accommodation facilities could be used to assess users’ satisfaction in similar facilities delivered through PPPs in other countries.

scholarly journals PICTURE WORD INDUCTIVE MODEL FOR BETTER DESCRIPTIVE TEXT WRITING

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Mira Ermita ◽  
Emzir Emzir ◽  
Ninuk Lustyantie
Keyword(s):  
English Education ◽  
Writing Skills ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Education Study ◽  
Minimum Score ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
The University

This study is done to find out the effect of using the Picture Word Inductive Model for teaching-learning descriptive text with second-semester students in the English Education Study Program at the University of Jambi in Indonesia to improve the students� writing skills. This study used an action research method. Three cycles were done in this study. Data were gathered from observations and tests. In the preliminary study, the mean score of the student�s speaking was 50. The percentage of students who passed the minimum criterion of 70 was 6% with only 1 out of 17 students passing the minimum score. The mean score from cycle 1 was 72 and only 11 students or 65% passed the minimum score. The mean score from cycle 2 was 67 and 41%, i.e. only 7 students passed the minimum score. Meanwhile, from cycle 3, the mean score was 80 and all of the students (100%) passed the minimum score. Hence, the results showed that the use of Picture Word Inductive Model was a success. The students enjoyed their lessons more and were more motivated, interested and confident during the teaching-learning sessions.

Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Adapted Rhodes Index of Nausea and Vomiting for Pediatrics by Child (ARINVc) and by Parent (ARINVp)

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 353-360
Author(s):  
Nurdan Akçay Didişen ◽  
Betül Yavuz ◽  
Figen Yardimci ◽  
D. Zümrüt Basbakkal
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Alpha Reliability ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Mean

The study was conducted methodologically to adapt the Adapted Rhodes Index of Nausea and Vomiting for Pediatrics by Child (ARINVc) and Adapted Rhodes Index of Nausea and Vomiting for Pediatrics by Parent (ARINVp) into Turkish. The scales are administered to children who receive chemotherapy and to their parents, respectively. The study sample consisted of 8- to 18-year-old children who were hospitalized in the pediatric oncology and hematology clinics of a university hospital, met the sampling criteria, and agreed to participate in the research. The study data were collected with the Sociodemographic Attributes Information Form, ARINVc, and ARINVp using the face-to-face interview method. The mean ages of the children and their mothers and fathers who participated in the study were 13.26 ± 2.01, 36.33 ± 5.10, and 40.17 ± 4.94 years, respectively. The mean total scores obtained from the ARINVc and ARINVp were 5.43 ± 4.06 and 5.70 ± 3.77, respectively. While Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficients of the scales were .85 for the ARINVc and .84 for the ARINVp, the item-total correlation coefficients were between 0.60 and 0.89 for the ARINVc and between 0.66 and 0.85 for the ARINVp ( P < .01). The Turkish versions of ARINVc and ARINVp were determined to be valid and reliable scales.

Response Rates in Online Surveys With Affective Disorder Participants

2020 ◽  
Vol 228 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Burgard ◽  
Michael Bošnjak ◽  
Nadine Wedderhoff
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Contact Mode ◽  
General Anxiety Disorder ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Survey Participation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
E Mail

Abstract. A meta-analysis was performed to determine whether response rates to online psychology surveys have decreased over time and the effect of specific design characteristics (contact mode, burden of participation, and incentives) on response rates. The meta-analysis is restricted to samples of adults with depression or general anxiety disorder. Time and study design effects are tested using mixed-effects meta-regressions as implemented in the metafor package in R. The mean response rate of the 20 studies fulfilling our meta-analytic inclusion criteria is approximately 43%. Response rates are lower in more recently conducted surveys and in surveys employing longer questionnaires. Furthermore, we found that personal invitations, for example, via telephone or face-to-face contacts, yielded higher response rates compared to e-mail invitations. As predicted by sensitivity reinforcement theory, no effect of incentives on survey participation in this specific group (scoring high on neuroticism) could be observed.

Impact of changing rainfall conditions on surface and groundwater resources in an experimental watershed in Greece

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Regime ◽  
Winter Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Depth ◽  
Rainfall Volume ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Groundwater Reserves ◽  
The Impact

The present study concerns the impact of a change in the rainfall regime on surface and groundwater resources in an experimental watershed. The research is conducted in a gauged mountainous watershed (15.18 km2) that is located on the eastern side of Penteli Mountain, in the prefecture of Attica, Greece and the study period concerns the years from 2003 to 2008. The decrease in the annual rainfall depth during the last two hydrological years 2006-2007, 2007-2008 is 10% and 35%, respectively, in relation to the average of the previous years. In addition, the monthly distribution of rainfall is characterized by a distinct decrease in winter rainfall volume. The field measurements show that this change in rainfall conditions has a direct impact on the surface runoff of the watershed, as well as on the groundwater reserves. The mean annual runoff in the last two hydrological years has decreased by 56% and 75% in relation to the average of the previous years. Moreover, the groundwater level follows a declining trend and has dropped significantly in the last two years.

Effect of Surgical Versus Pharmacological Decompression of Ludwig’s Angina on Airway Compromise among Nigerian Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaniyere EB
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Surgical Decompression ◽  
Airway Compromise ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
Ludwig’S Angina ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The University ◽  
Ludwig's Angina ◽  
Gender Type

Background: Even though the decompression of the cellulitis phase of Ludwig’s angina (LA) by surgical or pharmacological approach is well documented, it is unclear which approach is more effective. Objective: We aim to compare the outcome of treatment between surgical versus pharmacological decompression in patients with LA. Subjects and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was designed. Data were collected from the case notes of patients that met the inclusion criteria from 2004 to 2018 at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.The data were age, gender, type of decompression approach, length of hospital stay (LOS) and airway compromise. Result: A total of 62 patients comprising 37(59.7%) surgical decompression group and 25(40.3%) pharmacological decompression group were studied. Thirty-six (58.1%) males and 26 (41.9%) females were studied. Their mean age and standard deviation were 40.6 years and 11.9 years respectively. The mean length of hospital stays between the pharmacological and surgical decompression groups were 8.05 days and 13.8 days respectively. The incidence of airway compromise in the surgical decompression group was 19.9% lower than that of the pharmacological decompression group (P=0.47), which was not significant. The type of decompression approach also failed to influence the incidence of airway compromise (P = 0.41). Conclusion: The use of surgical versus pharmacological decompression does not significantly alter the incidence of airway compromise in the management of LA. The Patients that had surgical decompression had a shorter stay in the hospital as compared to those who had pharmacological decompression. This was not statistically significant.

Development of Prolonged Delivery of Tramadol and Dissolution Translation by Statistical Data Treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1331-1337
Author(s):  
P B Parejiya ◽  
B S Barot ◽  
P K Shelat
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Stability Study ◽  
Dissolution Time ◽  
Matrix Tablet ◽  
Burst Effect ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Dissolution Efficiency

The present study was carried out to fabricate a prolonged design for tramadol using Kollidon SR (Polyvinyl acetate and povidone based matrix retarding polymer). Matrix tablet formulations were prepared by direct compression of Kollidon SR of a varying proportion with a fixed percentage of tramadol. Tablets containing a 1:0.5 (Drug: Kollidon SR) ratio exhibited a rapid rate of drug release with an initial burst effect. Incorporation of more Kollidon SR in the matrix tablet extended the release of drug with subsequent minimization of the burst effect as confirmed by the mean dissolution time, dissolution efficiency and f2 value. Among the formulation batches, a direct relationship was obtained between release rate and the percentage of Kollidon SR used. The formulation showed close resemblance to the commercial product Contramal and compliance with USP specification. The results were explored and explained by the difference of micromeritic characteristics of the polymers and blend of drug with excipients. Insignificant effects of various factors, e.g. pH of dissolution media, ionic strength, speed of paddle were found on the drug release from Kollidon-SR matrix. The formulation followed the Higuchi kinetic model of drug release. Stability study data indicated stable character of Batch T6 after short-term stability study.

scholarly journals Medical Student Ophthalmic Knowledge Proficiency after Completing a Clinical Elective or an Online Course

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. e255-e266
Author(s):  
Jacob J. Abou-Hanna ◽  
Jonah E. Yousif ◽  
Ariane D. Kaplan ◽  
David C. Musch ◽  
Jonathan D. Trobe
Keyword(s):  
Medical School ◽  
Online Course ◽  
Clinical Rotation ◽  
University Of Michigan ◽  
Written Examination ◽  
Michigan Medical School ◽  
The University ◽  
Michigan Medical ◽  
Online Group ◽  
School Curricula

Abstract Background As more information is being packed into medical school curricula, mainstream medical topics legitimately receive more attention than specialty topics such as ophthalmology. However, general practitioners, as gatekeepers of specialty care, must attain competency in ophthalmology. We have investigated whether an online ophthalmology course alone would be noninferior to the same online course plus an in-person clinical elective in providing ophthalmic knowledge. Methods Students at the University of Michigan Medical School voluntarily enrolled in one of two groups: an Online Only group requiring satisfactory completion of an online course entitled “The Eyes Have It” (TEHI) or a Clinical + Online group requiring students to complete a 2-week clinical rotation and the TEHI online course. The outcome metric was the score on an independent 50-question written examination of ophthalmic knowledge. Students also completed a survey assessing confidence in managing ophthalmic problems. Results Twenty students in the Clinical + Online group and 59 students in the Online Only group completed the study. The Clinical + Online group slightly outscored the Online Only group (86.3 vs. 83.0%, p = 0.004). When the two outlier questions were removed from the analysis, there was no difference in mean scores between the two groups (85.8 vs. 85.4, p = 0.069). Students in the Clinical + Online group devoted 80 more hours to the experience than did the students in the Online Only group. The number of hours devoted to the course and interest in ophthalmology were weakly correlated with examination performance. After completion of the experiment, there was no difference in student-reported comfort in dealing with ophthalmic problems between the two groups. Conclusion The examination scores of the students who completed the in-person alone were only slightly inferior to those of the students who completed the in-person clinical elective and the online course. These results suggest that an online course alone may provide a satisfactory ophthalmic knowledge base in a more compact timeframe, an alternative that should have appeal to students who do not intend to pursue a career in ophthalmology.

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