scholarly journals Determination of Key Factors Affecting Transient Seaport Selection for Landlocked Countries in African Continent

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Badi ◽  
Dragan Pamucar
Keyword(s):  
Service Level ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Transit Country ◽  
The World ◽  
In Transit ◽  
Consistency Method

Abstract: Many countries around the world suffer from the lack of a sea port directly linked to the rest of the world. Such countries are called "landlocked countries". This leads to Weak competitiveness of their products in the global market, as well as to the high cost of the imports. Africa has the largest share of these countries, with 16 of the 43 landlocked countries around the world. The aim of this paper is to propose a general framework for criteria that can be used to choose between ports in transit countries that can be used for import or export. These criteria are related to the assessment of the sea ports in terms of infrastructure and tariffs. It is also related to transport infrastructure from the transit country to the landlocked country and the level of safety. The study identified nine criteria that could be used to compare between ports in transit countries. Using Full Consistency Method (FUCOM) to evaluate those criteria showed that the number of navigation lines is the most important criteria followed by the port service level.

ANALYSIS OF KEY TRENDS OF THE INTERNATIONAL COAL MARKET (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE COUNTRIES OF NORTH-EASTERN ASIA)

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-105
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Cherechukin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Northeast Asia ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The World ◽  
Coal Market ◽  
National Economies

The article provides an analysis of key trends in the international market, using the example of the countries of Northeast Asia. In 2019, the world coal market amounted to 1,424.5 million tons, of which 78.1% are energy grades to produce electricity and heat, and 21.9% are in metallurgy, the reserves of which are significantly less. The import coal market of the countries of Northeast Asia in 2019 was already 680 million tons, covering 48% of the entire world coal market. The paper provides an overview of the key importers and exporters of coal in the world, the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the supplied raw materials, and analyzes the key factors affecting the pricing of coal. In the conclusions, the main trends in the international coal market of the countries of Northeast Asia are presented, including "geographical" — the shift of the center of world trade from Europe to Asia, and "types and quality of imported coal" — an increase in the share of high-quality premium energy and coking (metallurgical). Trends can be clearly seen in the countries of Northeast Asia, which actively use coal, and are making efforts to decarbonize their national economies, while intensifying inter-fuel competition with other primary energy sources.

Investment apportionments among participants of PPP rental retirement villages

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-77
Author(s):  
Shijing Liu ◽  
Hongyu Jin ◽  
Chunlu Liu ◽  
Benzheng Xie ◽  
Anthony Mills
Keyword(s):  
Pension Funds ◽  
Return Rate ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Investment Allocation ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Government ◽  
Mean Variance

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine public–private partnership (PPP) approaches for the construction of rental retirement villages in Australia and to allocate the investment proportions under a certain project return rate among three investors which are the government, private sectors and pension funds. The apportionment will achieve a minimum overall investment risk for the project. Design/methodology/approach Capital structure, particularly determination of investment apportionment proportions, is one of the key factors affecting the success of PPP rental retirement villages. Markowitz mean-variance model was applied to examine the investment allocations with minimum project investment risks under a certain projected return rate among the PPP partners for the construction of rental retirement villages. Findings The research findings validate the feasibility of the inclusion of pension funds in the construction of PPP rental retirement villages and demonstrate the existence of relationships between the project return rate and the investment allocation proportions. Originality/value This paper provides a quantitative approach for determination of the investment proportions among PPP partners to enrich the theory of PPP in relation to the construction of rental retirement villages. This has implications for PPP partners and can help these stakeholders make vital contributions in developing intellectual wealth in the PPP investment area while providing them with a detailed guide to decision making and negotiation in relation to investment in PPP rental retirement villages.

scholarly journals Research on a new spectrophotometric method for determinating trace amounts of fluoride

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (12.1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Khuê Võ Anh
Keyword(s):  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Xylenol Orange ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

A new spectrophotometric method for determinating trace amounts of fluoride has been introduced in this article. The principle of the method is based on the reaction of fluoride with a complex of aluminum ion and xylenol orange reagent (Al-XO). The concentration of fluoride in water is determined by measuring the red color of the Al-XO complex at 555 nm or measuring the yellow color of the XO reagent at 430 nm. The factors affecting the method for the determination of fluoride were examined. At the optimum condition, the limit of quantitation of this method is 0.08-2.1 mg/L. Based on an analysis of fluoride in the actual samples, the error of the method is less than 6%. A new point of this article is that this is the first time the type of calibration curve graph A = f (logC) in the spectrophotometric method (where: A – absorption; log - logarithm; C – concentration of fluoride) has been used in the world.

Effect of influent temperature on determination of airflow at doyang sewage treatment plant

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-408
Author(s):  
Woonou Cha ◽  
Wan Myung Chun ◽  
Byoung Soo Kim ◽  
Miyoung Choi ◽  
Jinman Kim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Controlling System ◽  
Aeration Volume

To construct an energy saving airflow-controlling system for Doyang sewage treatment plant, the factors affecting airflow of the influent was analyzed in this study. This research analyzed the operation data of Doyang sewage treatment plant for 912 days. As a result, the key factors deciding the optimum airflow were found to be temperature, F/M ratio, the loading rate of BOD5 and T-N of the influent. Among the factors, the temperature of the influent had the most decisive effect on the aeration volume. The result showed that an increase of 1 °C of the influent requires 45.3 m3/h airflow. Since the factors affected by seasons like flow rate, F/M ratio and MLSS affect airflow required of blowers, and the change of temperature is considered to intensify the change of airflow even more. Therefore, it is preferable to consider flow rate, F/M ratio, MLSS and water temperature altogether than considering only one factor when deciding airflow of blowers. The results of this research can be utilized as indicators when designing energy saving system for sewage treatment plants.

scholarly journals INCREASING THE ROLE OF COMPETITIVENESS OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY AS A FACTOR OF ECONOMIC GROWTH IN THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Pankratova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Added Value ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The World

The article discusses the current problem related to the innovative development of our country’s economy under the influence of globalization. The transition to a higher level of economic development will increase the competitiveness of the Ukrainian economy as a factor of economic growth in the context of globalization. Sustainable economic growth of any state requires favorable conditions for business development and active intervention of innovative factors in economic life, which involves an increase in competitive advantages over other countries of the world. Therefore, the problem of competitiveness of Ukraine's economy is extremely relevant in the context of globalization. Key approaches to assessing the competitiveness of the national economy in the current environment are also being considered. A system of indicators of competitiveness of the national economy is being formed, as well as the factors influencing it. The article defines the essence of the concept of competitiveness of the national economy as a factor of economic growth in the context of the integration of the world economic space and the formation of a global market. Among the main methods that were used in the process of analytical research, the following should be highlighted: analysis and comparison – to determine the concept of competitiveness and the factors affecting it. Methods – for processing statistical data when assessing the analysis of factors affecting competitiveness; strategic analysis – identifying Ukraine's place in the world ranking. To strengthen and increase the competitiveness of the national economy in the context of globalization, further modernization and diversification of industry is required by transferring it to a qualitatively new level, aimed at the advanced development of high-tech processing industries, primarily in the production of finished products (production of dietary supplements and organic food) with high added value based on deep processing of raw materials; continuation of the policy of stimulating the localization of production and import substitution, primarily of consumer goods and components, expansion of inter-industry industrial cooperation; liberalization and simplification of export activities, diversification of the structure and geography of exports, expansion and mobilization of the export potential of economic sectors.

scholarly journals Key factors influencing family businesses: a qualitative study of selected world wineries

2021 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 02003
Author(s):  
Vojtěch Koráb
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Family System ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World

This research study is based on the elaboration of nineteen case studies of family wineries from all over the world and one case study from the Czech Republic. All family wineries were visited by the author and semi-structured interviews were conducted with selected representatives of family wineries. The aim of the research was to look at the family winery through the lens of two systems: the family system and the business system, in order to find out the involvement of family members in a winery and the most important factors affecting a winery. Websites of family wineries were examined through contextual analysis. Based on the analysis of all case studies, four key groups of family wineries in the world were compiled. The research study identifies key family factors, i.e. familiness and the generation of the family which owns a winery. On the business side, the study identifies two key factors important for the sustainability of a family winery, namely corporate innovation and the degree of internationalization. The results of the analysis of world family wineries were compared with one winery selected from the Czech Republic.

scholarly journals Capital investments in the context of sustainable development of railways

2019 ◽  
Vol 294 ◽  
pp. 04003
Author(s):  
Olesia Kharchenko ◽  
Andrii Okorokov ◽  
Roman Vernigora ◽  
Pavlo Tsuprov ◽  
Oleksandr Papakhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Transit Country ◽  
Transit Traffic ◽  
Railway System ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
High Level ◽  
In Transit ◽  
Negative Factors

Ukraine, due to its geographical position and developed transport infrastructure, has significant potential as a transit country, primarily in the supply chain of trade between Asia and Europe. According to the estimates of the British Institute for Transport Rendell Ukraine, the transit coefficient of Ukraine is 3,75 (with a maximum of 5); This is the best indicator among the countries of Europe (for comparison, in Poland, which occupies the second place, this indicator is 2,92).Nowadays, Ukraine uses its transit potential extremely insufficiently and inefficiently; over the past 10 years, the volume of transit traffic through the territory of Ukraine has declined by more than 2,5 times, primarily due to the fall in transit traffic by rail. One of the reasons for this situation is, of course, the general political and economic situation in the country. However, there are a number of other negative factors that prevent Ukraine from fully and effectively using its transit potential. These problems lie both in the purely technical plane (deterioration of transport infrastructure and rolling stock, lack of capacity of the main transport routes, underdevelopment of logistics terminals in the country and at land borders, difference in width with the European railway system) and the legislato-thick (high level of port dues, bureaucratization and regulation of customs procedures, lack of flexible tariff policy for carriers, etc.).

scholarly journals 8. From Trans-European (Ten-T) to Trans-Global (Twn-T) Transport Infrastructure Networks. A Conceptual Framework

2020 ◽  
pp. 135-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Costa ◽  
Hercules Haralambides ◽  
Roberto Roson
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Inland Navigation ◽  
The World ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin

Paolo Costa, Hercules Haralambides and Roberto Roson, in chapter 8, look back at the genesis — in Europe — of the transnational transport infrastructure which has long coincided with the Ten-T network, developed — sometimes as a weak Keynesian stimulus — as a tool for strengthening the cohesiveness and economic efficiency of the internal market. Following the enlargement of the EU, Ten-T has been evolving from 1996 to 2013, and has been encouraging modal shifts from road and air to rail, inland navigation and short-sea shipping, in order to achieve higher environmental sustainability and combat climate change. However, during these notable efforts, little attention has been paid to the external dimension of European connectivity. Along with addressing a number of technical disruptions affecting transport and its infrastructure, the new wave of Ten-T revision — due by December 2023 — must depart from what has thus far been an introverted view of Europe as a single market (something that has often penalized European competitiveness) to an extroverted orientation of the Union as a key player in a global market. The growing economic centrality of Asia since China’s accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO); China’s strong interest in the Mediterranean Basin as the “super-hub” that connects four continents; and the eastward shift of the European economic barycentre: all of these developments indicate possible solutions for addressing the “geographical obsolescence” of the current Ten-T. In parallel, innovation-driven disruption of the worldwide maritime freight transport network and its infrastructure necessitates the streamlining of port nodes and rail networks around the world, in a way that at the same time addresses efficiently the current “technological obsolescence” of big parts of European infrastructure, predominantly of ports. The authors argue that new Ten-T network evolving into a Twn-T (Trans-Global) one ought to no longer be the product solely of European decisions: dovetailing Ten-T with China’s “Belt and Road Initiative — BRI” will not only be unavoidable but also, rather, a most welcome development.

Key factors in developing transit trade corridors in Northeast Asia

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Won Lim ◽  
Kamonchanok Suthiwartnarueput ◽  
Ahmad Abareshi ◽  
Paul Tae-Woo Lee ◽  
Yann Duval
Keyword(s):  
Northeast Asia ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Regional Economies ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate key critical factors for developing transit trade corridors (TTCs) in optimizing trade and logistics performance, taking into account economic, geographic and political concerns among countries in the Northeast Asia region, which have been dynamically developing TTCs to optimize trade and logistics performance in association with development of transport infrastructure in the Greater Tumen Region located in the Northeast Asia. Design/methodology/approach This research explores key factors affecting the TTC through a comprehensive literature review in tandem with expert survey. Factor analysis, both exploratory and confirmatory, is employed to further investigate the underlying factors affecting more efficient development of a TTC. Findings This research has drawn eight underlying factors affecting the design of a TTC: development and policy implications; safety, security and political concerns; environmental protection; financing and investment; soft infrastructure; hard infrastructure; geography and landscape; and corridor performance. Research limitations/implications This paper has a limited geographical scope of the Northeast Asia. Therefore, more primary data collection would be useful in future work. Development of International trade corridor and TTC is critical in northeast Asia for moving goods through designated geographical paths. The key factors drawn in this paper contributes not only to promoting its related services and information (across borders) with the provision of policy support and related facilities for TTC but also to lowering logistics costs and improving trades in the northeast Asian region. As a result, the countries in the region will accelerate their regional economies in collaboration with international bodies and framework, such as UNDP, Greater Tumen Initiative and One Belt One Road Initiative. Practical implications The eight underlying factors the authors identified in this research will be valuable for policy-makers to design TTCs and consequently the research will contribute to regional economies in northeast Asia by establishing efficient trade and transport routes among the countries in the region. Social implications Developing TTCs is a kind of platform and infrastructure to accelerate cargo movements and people movements in the northeast Asia. Users of TTCs will benefit their businesses thanks to an efficient logistics system and lower logistics costs, which result in promoting international and regional trade in the region. Originality/value There has not been any research done on factors to consider in developing TTCs in the world, whose consequence is no readily available reference that can support a systematic assessment and decision-making in development of TTCs. The findings of this research provide a helpful reference for policy-makers, potential users and developers of TTCs to refer in planning and developing them.

scholarly journals Determination of factors affecting investment privalovs land cities

2021 ◽  
pp. 218-224
Author(s):  
Olena Slavinska ◽  
◽  
Yuliya Radzinska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Stakeholder Groups ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Definition Of

The aim of the article is identification of main factors influencing investment attractiveness of land in the cities of Ukraine. To achieve this goal the following tasks: determining trends and key factors in land use of cities; characteristics of land; the definition of urban areas and limitations in their use. Improved classification of the factors which allows for cartographic provision of land in cities and their investment potential, level of interaction between different stakeholder groups, areas of urban development, which allows to generate methodical toolkit for estimation of the level of investment attractiveness of land in cities. Define the factors and features of their influence on investment processes in the sphere of land use of cities of Ukraine. Prospects of further research is to develop a methodological approach to the evaluation of the level of investment attractiveness of land in cities and substantiation of measures on the increase of efficiency of their use.

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