scholarly journals CBD-Supplemented Polishing Powder Enhances Tooth Polishing by Inhibiting Dental Plaque Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumar Vasudevan ◽  
Veronica Stahl
Keyword(s):  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Fold Change ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Air Polishing ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Before And After

Introduction: Dental health problems including dental plaque are common health problems affecting people of different age groups globally. Air-polishing is a safe tooth polishing technique used by dental professionals for stain and plaque removal and as preventive procedure for dental health. Here we report the technical improvisation of existing air-polishing technique by supplementing cannabinoid powder into the classic polishing powder for effective removal of supragingival and subgingival plaque and inhibition of plaque forming bacteria. Methods: The cannabidiol (CBD) powder was added to the tooth polishing powder (AIR-N-GO, classic) at 1% (wt/wt) ratio. The study was conducted on 12 patients, of which 6 received regular polishing treatment and 6 received CBD-supplemented polishing treatment. The dental plaque samples were collected before and after each treatment and subjected to in vitro microbiological analysis and the colony forming units (CFU) were analyzed using automated colony counter. Results: Based on in vitro microbiological analysis, the average CFU of interdental space samples collected from post-CBD-supplemented polishing treatment was significantly reduced (linear fold change between 3.9-18.4) compared to that of post-regular polishing (linear fold change between 1.0-2.6) treatment. Conclusions: CBD-supplemented polishing powder can help in effective removal and killing of dental plaque bacteria during the polishing treatment. CBD powder can be added as enhancing supplement to the existing polishing powders.

scholarly journals FLUORIDE LEVELS IN SALIVA AFTER CHEWING BLACK TEA CANDY (CAMELLIA SINENSIS) IN CHILDREN

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Lisa Prihastari ◽  
Emha Ananda Poetra
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Fluorine Content ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACTBackground: Black tea has been shown to affect reducing dental plaque and increasing fluoride levels in saliva. The practice of consuming black tea in the form of candy for dental health purposes is not familiar yet. A study on the effectiveness of chewing black tea candy added with sorbitol sugar for a month on salivary fluoride levels in children aged 7-8 years can be an innovation in the prevention of dental caries. This study aims to investigate the difference in fluoride levels in saliva before and after chewing black tea candy for one month in children aged 7-8 years.Method: This is a field experimental study with double-blind and randomization. Subjects involved in this study were 44 children divided into control and intervention groups using simple random sampling. Measurement of salivary fluorine levels using the TECAN Infinite M200 Pro® UV – VIS Spectrophotometer for 3 times.Result: The results of the independent T-test showed that there were significant differences in the fluorine content in the intervention group using black tea candy on 26 November 2019, 29 November 2019, and 16 December 2019 (p<0.05).Conclusion: Chewing black tea candy is effective in increasing the amount of fluoride in saliva. Thus, it can be an alternative to anti-cariogenic agents.

scholarly journals The Formulation Of Herbal Mouthwash From Bangun-Bangun Leaves (Coleus amboinicus Lour) To Prevent The Occurrence Of Dental Plaque

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 526-535
Author(s):  
Yenny Lisbet Siahaan ◽  
Renta Verawaty Siregar ◽  
Suryani Ompusunggu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
T Test ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Herbs utilization spare new opportunities to handle dental health issues. Bangun-bangun leaves have chemical components which are strongly related to the prevention of the occurrence of dental plaque. The current research aimed to observe the effect of using mouthwash made from bangun-bangun leaves extract with the concentration of 40% and 80% towards the occurrence of dental plaque on the students of III A and III B classes in Private Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Annur Medan, North Sumatera. The research used quasi-experimental method through the Pre-Post Test with Control Group design. Analysis of this research was conducted initially through normality and homogeneity tests on the variants. If the variable is normally distributed then it means that the variable is not homogenous, leading to the testing of Difference between Two Means (t test) through two parties’ test of t’-test which was independent sample t-test. Through this research, researcher obtained t count of (57.20) > t table (1.987). Therefore, based on the basic of decision making through distinguishing t count and t table, then H0 was rejected and H1 was accepted. It means that there was difference on the treatment results between before and after using the 80% bangun-bangun leaves solution. Furthermore, the t count value (45.73) > t table (1.987), which based on the basis of decision making through distinguishing the t count and t table values was that H0 was rejected and H1 was accepted. It means that there was difference on the treatment results between the use of 40% and 80% of bangun-bangun leaves solution. It can be concluded that both of the uses of 40% and 80% of bangun-bangun leaves solution affected significantly on the prevention of students’ dental plaque occurrence.

scholarly journals The Proteome of Equine Oviductal Fluid Varies Before and After Ovulation: A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Fernández-Hernández ◽  
Federica Marinaro ◽  
María Jesús Sánchez-Calabuig ◽  
Luis Jesús García-Marín ◽  
María Julia Bragado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Absolute Quantification ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Fold Change ◽  
Ovulatory Follicle ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Nano Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Isobaric Tags ◽  
Oviductal Fluid

Equine fertilization cannot be performed in the laboratory as equine spermatozoa do not cross the oocyte's zona pellucida in vitro. Hence, a more profound study of equine oviductal fluid (OF) composition at the pre-ovulatory and post-ovulatory stages could help in understanding what components are required to achieve fertilization in horses. Our work aimed to elucidate the proteomic composition of equine OF at both stages. To do this, OF was obtained postmortem from oviducts of slaughtered mares ipsilateral to a pre-ovulatory follicle (n = 4) or a recent ovulation (n = 4); the samples were kept at −80°C until analysis. After protein extraction and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) labeling, the samples were analyzed by nano-liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The analysis of the spectra resulted in the identification of a total of 1,173 proteins present in pre-ovulatory and post-ovulatory samples; among these, 691 were unique for Equus caballus. Proteins from post-ovulatory oviductal fluid were compared with the proteins from pre-ovulatory oviductal fluid and were categorized as upregulated (positive log fold change) or downregulated (negative log fold change). Fifteen proteins were found to be downregulated in the post-ovulatory fluid and 156 were upregulated in the post-ovulatory OF compared to the pre-ovulatory fluid; among the upregulated proteins, 87 were included in the metabolism of proteins pathway. The identified proteins were related to sperm–oviduct interaction, fertilization, and metabolism, among others. Our data reveal consistent differences in the proteome of equine OF prior to and after ovulation, helping to increase our understanding in the factors that promote fertilization and early embryo development in horses.

Assessment of a Novel Approach to Evaluate the Outcome of Endoscope Reprocessing

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. V. Sciortino ◽  
Eric L. Xia ◽  
Alberta Mozee
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Calcofluor White ◽  
Herpes Simplex Viruses ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Microbiological Outcome ◽  
Disinfection Process ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Level ◽  
Cleaning And Disinfection

AbstractObjective:To investigate and evaluate the use of a portable luminometer system for detecting contamination following the reprocessing and high-level disinfection of flexible endoscopes.Design:Random sampling of endoscopes spaced at 1- to 2-week intervals following normal use in patients.Methods:Portable luminometer system testing of 31 endoscopes undergoing reprocessing, 63 stored endoscopes, and 15 reprocessed endoscopes that underwent in-depth microbiological analysis. For testing with the portable luminometer system, samples were collected by swabbing a 100-cm2 shank surface area and the internal tip end orifice. Standardization of portable luminometer system results was performed in vitro by comparison of serial dilutions of known quantities of microorganisms and blood, tested before and after sterilization by autoclave. Microbiological analysis included Gram stain, culture for aerobic bacteria, and gene probes for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2, and Cytomegalovirus. Trichrome and calcofluor white stains were used to detect parasites and fungi. Legionella was detected by stain with fluorescent-labeled monoclonal antibody.Setting:The gastroendoscopy unit of a Veterans Affairs hospital.Results:The portable luminometer system was capable of detecting microbial and cellular contamination of flexible endoscopes following high-level disinfection and reprocessing. The sensitivity of the assay was sufficient for detecting low-level contamination.Conclusions:The system provided a rapid microbiological outcome monitor for the cleaning and disinfection process. The system was easy to use and relatively accurate.

Electron microscopic study of the membrane glycoproteins in the rat kidney after cisplatin treatment

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 912-913
Author(s):  
S.K. Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Membrane Glycoproteins ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Interstrand Cross Links ◽  
Cross Links

The proposed primary mechanism of action of the anticancer drug cisplatin (Cis-DDP) is through its interaction with DNA, mostly through DNA intrastrand cross-links or DNA interstrand cross-links. DNA repair mechanisms can circumvent this arrest thus permitting replication and transcription to proceed. Various membrane transport enzymes have also been demonstrated to be effected by cisplatin. Glycoprotein alkaline phosphatase was looked at in the proximal tubule cells before and after cisplatin both in vivo and in vitro for its inactivation or its removal from the membrane using light and electron microscopy.Outbred male Swiss Webster (Crl: (WI) BR) rats weighing 150-250g were given ip injections of cisplatin (7mg/kg). Animals were killed on day 3 and day 5. Thick slices (20-50.um) of kidney tissue from treated and untreated animals were fixed in 1% buffered glutaraldehyde and 1% formaldehyde (0.05 M cacodylate buffer, pH 7.3) for 30 min at 4°C. Alkaline phosphatase activity and carbohydrates were demonstrated according to methods described earlier.

Structural integrity after cold storage of human epidermal model in hypothermosol: A correlative ultrastructural and fluorescent assay

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 270-271
Author(s):  
Henry H. Eichelberger ◽  
John G. Baust ◽  
Robert G. Van Buskirk
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Sodium Cacodylate ◽  
Ruthenium Tetroxide ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer ◽  
Before And After

For research in cell differentiation and in vitro toxicology it is essential to provide a natural state of cell structure as a benchmark for interpreting results. Hypothermosol (Cryomedical Sciences, Rockville, MD) has proven useful in insuring the viability of synthetic human epidermis during cold-storage and in maintaining the epidermis’ ability to continue to differentiate following warming.Human epidermal equivalent, EpiDerm (MatTek Corporation, Ashland, MA) consisting of fully differentiated stratified human epidermal cells were grown on a microporous membrane. EpiDerm samples were fixed before and after cold-storage (4°C) for 5 days in Hypothermosol or skin culture media (MatTek Corporation) and allowed to recover for 7 days at 37°C. EpiDerm samples were fixed 1 hour in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in sodium cacodylate buffer (pH 7.2). A secondary fixation with 0.2% ruthenium tetroxide (Polysciences, Inc., Warrington, PA) in sodium cacodylate was carried out for 3 hours at 4°C. Other samples were similarly fixed, but with 1% Osmium tetroxide in place of ruthenium tetroxide. Samples were dehydrated through a graded acetone series, infiltrated with Spurrs resin (Polysciences Inc.) and polymerized at 70°C.

Inhibitory effects of bioaccessible anthocyanins and procyanidins from apple, red grape, cinnamon on α-amylase, α-glucosidase and lipase

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Pınar Ercan ◽  
Sedef Nehir El
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Total Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Red Grape

Abstract. The goals of this study were to determine and evaluate the bioaccessibility of total anthocyanin and procyanidin in apple (Amasya, Malus communis), red grape (Papazkarası, Vitis vinifera) and cinnamon (Cassia, Cinnamomum) using an in vitro static digestion system based on human gastrointestinal physiologically relevant conditions. Also, in vitro inhibitory effects of these foods on lipid (lipase) and carbohydrate digestive enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) were performed with before and after digested samples using acarbose and methylumbelliferyl oleate (4MUO) as the positive control. While the highest total anthocyanin content was found in red grape (164 ± 2.51 mg/100 g), the highest procyanidin content was found in cinnamon (6432 ± 177.31 mg/100 g) (p < 0.05). The anthocyanin bioaccessibilities were found as 10.2 ± 1%, 8.23 ± 0.64%, and 8.73 ± 0.70% in apple, red grape, and cinnamon, respectively. The procyanidin bioaccessibilities of apple, red grape, and cinnamon were found as 17.57 ± 0.71%, 14.08 ± 0.74% and 18.75 ± 1.49%, respectively. The analyzed apple, red grape and cinnamon showed the inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase (IC50 544 ± 21.94, 445 ± 15.67, 1592 ± 17.58 μg/mL, respectively), α-amylase (IC50 38.4 ± 7.26, 56.1 ± 3.60, 3.54 ± 0.86 μg/mL, respectively), and lipase (IC50 52.7 ± 2.05, 581 ± 54.14, 49.6 ± 2.72 μg/mL), respectively. According to our results apple, red grape and cinnamon have potential to inhibit of lipase, α-amylase and α-glucosidase digestive enzymes.

Radiolabeled r-Hirudin as a Measure of Thrombin Activity at, or within, the Rabbit Aorta Wall In Vitro and In Vivo

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (04) ◽  
pp. 499-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W C Hatton ◽  
Bonnie Ross-Ouellet
Keyword(s):  
Rabbit Aorta ◽  
Balloon Injury ◽  
Recombinant Hirudin ◽  
Aorta Wall ◽  
Thrombin Activity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Matrix

SummaryThe behavior of 125I-labeled recombinant hirudin towards the uninjured and de-endothelialized rabbit aorta wall has been studied in vitro and in vivo to determine its usefulness as an indicator of thrombin activity associated with the aorta wall. Thrombin adsorbed to either sulfopropyl-Sephadex or heparin-Sepharose bound >95% of 125I-r-hirudin and the complex remained bound to the matrix. Binding of 125I-r-hirudin to the exposed aorta subendothelium (intima-media) in vitro was increased substantially if the tissue was pre-treated with thrombin; the quantity of l25I-r-hirudin bound to the de-endothelialized intima-media (i.e. balloon-injured in vitro) correlated positively with the quantity of bound 131I-thrombin (p <0.01). Aortas balloon-injured in vivo were measured for thrombin release from, and binding of 125I-r-hirudin to, the de-endothelialized intimal surface in vitro; 125I-r-hirudin binding correlated with the amount of active thrombin released (p <0.001). Uptake of 125I-r-hirudin by the aorta wall in vivo was proportional to the uptake of 131I-fibrinogen (as an indicator of thrombin activity) before and after balloon injury. After 30 min in the circulation, specific 125I-r-hirudin binding to the uninjured and de-endo- thelialized (at 1.5 h after injury) aorta wall was equivalent to 3.4 (± 2.5) and 25.6 (±18.1) fmol of thrombin/cm2 of intima-media, respectively. Possibly, only hirudin-accessible, glycosaminoglycan-bound thrombin is measured in this way.

The influence of osteopathic correction on the rate of various rhythms of the body

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Chernikova ◽  
Yu. P. Potekhina
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Introduction. An osteopathic examination determines the rate, the amplitude and the strength of the main rhythms (cardiac, respiratory and cranial). However, there are relatively few studies in the available literature dedicated to the influence of osteopathic correction (OC) on the characteristics of these rhythms.Goal of research — to study the influence of OC on the rate characteristics of various rhythms of the human body.Materials and methods. 88 adult osteopathic patients aged from 18 to 81 years were examined, among them 30 men and 58 women. All patients received general osteopathic examination. The rate of the cranial rhythm (RCR), respiratory rate (RR) heart rate (HR), the mobility of the nervous processes (MNP) and the connective tissue mobility (CTM) were assessed before and after the OC session.Results. Since age varied greatly in the examined group, a correlation analysis of age-related changes of the assessed rhythms was carried out. Only the CTM correlated with age (r=–0,28; p<0,05) in a statistically significant way. The rank dispersion analysis of Kruskal–Wallis also showed statistically significant difference in this indicator in different age groups (p=0,043). With the increase of years, the CTM decreases gradually. After the OC, the CTM, increased in a statistically significant way (p<0,0001). The RCR varied from 5 to 12 cycles/min in the examined group, which corresponded to the norm. After the OC, the RCR has increased in a statistically significant way (p<0,0001), the MNP has also increased (p<0,0001). The initial heart rate in the subjects varied from 56 to 94 beats/min, and in 15 % it exceeded the norm. After the OC the heart rate corresponded to the norm in all patients. The heart rate and the respiratory rate significantly decreased after the OC (р<0,0001).Conclusion. The described biorhythm changes after the OC session may be indicative of the improvement of the nervous regulation, of the normalization of the autonomic balance, of the improvement of the biomechanical properties of body tissues and of the increase of their mobility. The assessed parameters can be measured quickly without any additional equipment and can be used in order to study the results of the OC.

Lymph nodes detection and the mesorectal excision quality evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 200-206
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Neoadjuvant Therapy ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Rectal Resection ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cooperative Groups ◽  
Mesorectal Excision ◽  
Proper Number ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Gender

ntroduction: Detection and examination of proper number of lymph nodes in patients after rectal resection is important for next treatment and management of patients with rectal carcinoma. There are no clear guideliness for minimal count of lymph nodes, variant recommendations agree on the number of 12 (10−14) nodes. There are situations, when is not easy to reach this count, mainly in older age groups and in patients after neoadjuvant, especially radiation therapy. As a modality for improvement of lymph nodes harvesting seems to be establishing of defined protocols originally designed for mesorectal excision quality evaluation. Methods: The investigation group was formed by patients examined in 2 three-years intervals before and after implementation of the protocol. Elevation in count of harvested lymph nodes was rated generaly and in relation to age groups and gender. Results: The average count of lymph nodes increased from 10 to 15 nodes, in subset of patients whose received neoadjuvant therapy from 7 to al- most 14 nodes. The recommended number of lymph nodes was obtained in all investigated age groups. By the increased number of lymph nodes, rises also possibility of positive nodes found, that can lead to upstaging of the disease, in subset of patients whose received neoadjuvant therapy it is more than 4%. Conclusion: Our conclusions show, that forming of multidisciplinary cooperative groups (chiefly surgeon-pathologist), implementation of defined protocol of surgery, specimen manipulation and investigation by detached specialists lead to benefit consequences for further management and treatment of the patients with colorectal cancer.

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