scholarly journals Chemical Compositions and Antioxidant Activities of Indonesian Citrus Essential Oils and Their Elucidation Using Principal Component Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Euis Julaeha ◽  
Kristin Shinta Dewi ◽  
Mohamad Nurzaman ◽  
Tatang Wahyudi ◽  
Tati Herlina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Citrus Essential Oils

Citrus essential oils (EOs) have various bioactivities like antioxidants, with many applications. Antioxidant activities depend on the chemical compositions of the EOs, which are affected by climate, soil, and geographical region. Thus, investigations on chemical compositions and antioxidant activities of Citrus EOs in different countries are valuable. In this study, we distilled EOs from peels of Indonesian-grown Citrus, including C. nobilis, C. limon, C. aurantifolia, C. amblycarpa, and Citrus spp.Chemical compositions of EOs were analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS), whereas the antioxidant activities were determined by employing 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to elucidate the main contributing compounds for antioxidant activity. The results show that all EOs possess unique chemical characteristics, with limonene as the majority constituent. For antioxidant activities, C. limon and C. amblycarpa EOs are the two strongest, IC50 values below 7.00 μL/mL. PCA approach suggests that -terpinene mainly contributes to the high antioxidant activities of C. limon and C. amblycarpa. Moreover, o-cymene, thymol, p-cymene, and α-pharnesene may also be responsible for the antioxidant activity of C. limon EO. These results are valuable information for the applications of Citrus EOs as antioxidant sources.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Antioxidant Activities and Phenolic Content of Five Lonicera Flowers by HPLC-DAD/MS-DPPH and Chemometrics

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Rong-rong Zhou ◽  
Xue-hui Liu ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Jian-hua Huang ◽  
Xue-juan Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Caffeoylquinic Acid ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Comprehensive Development

The Lonicera plants (family Caprifoliaceae) with strong antioxidant activity are used as potential health-supporting phytochemicals. Studying the detailed relationships between bioactive compounds and their antioxidant activity is important for further comprehensive development and application of them. In this paper, the antioxidant capacities and compositions of five species of Lonicera flowers were investigated by using the online HPLC-DAD/MS-DPPH method. Results indicated that the samples contained higher amounts of phenols had better antioxidant activity. Furthermore, principal component analysis and linear regression were further used to analyze the correlations between antioxidant capacity and compounds and find the compounds having higher contribution to antioxidant activity. 5-O-Caffeoylquinic acid, 4-O-caffeoylshikimic acid, methyl-5-O-caffeoylquinate, 1,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, and 3,4,5-tri-O-caffeoylquinic acid were screened as stronger antioxidant candidates. In this study, HPLC-DAD/MS and antioxidant activity methods were combined together to analyze the compounds’ information and activity assays of Lonicera, which might provide more evidence for its quality control.

scholarly journals Relationships Between the Content of Phenolic Compounds and the Antioxidant Activity of Polish Honey Varieties as a Tool for Botanical Discrimination

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1810
Author(s):  
Monika Kędzierska-Matysek ◽  
Małgorzata Stryjecka ◽  
Anna Teter ◽  
Piotr Skałecki ◽  
Piotr Domaradzki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Hydroxybenzoic Acid ◽  
Coumaric Acid

The study compared the content of eight phenolic acids and four flavonoids and the antioxidant activity of six Polish varietal honeys. An attempt was also made to determine the correlations between the antioxidant parameters of the honeys and their polyphenol profile using principal component analysis. Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activity (ABTS) and reduction capacity (FRAP) were determined spectrophotometrically, and the phenolic compounds were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The buckwheat honeys showed the strongest antioxidant activity, most likely because they had the highest concentrations of total phenols, total flavonoids, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, vanillic acid and chrysin. The principal component analysis (PCA) of the data showed significant relationships between the botanic origin of the honey, the total content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids and the antioxidant activity of the six Polish varietal honeys. The strongest, significant correlations were shown for parameters of antioxidant activity and TPC, TFC, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid and p-coumaric acid. Analysis of four principal components (explaining 86.9% of the total variance), as a classification tool, confirmed the distinctiveness of the Polish honeys in terms of their antioxidant activity and content of phenolic compounds.

scholarly journals Limpasu Pericarpium : an Alternative Source of Antioxidant From Borneo with Sequential Maceration Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Zamzani ◽  
Nita Triadisti
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Indigenous Plant ◽  
Ic50 Values

Antioxidants are substances that can slow down the oxidation process of free radicals. Limpasu plant (Baccaurea lanceolata (Miq) Muell. Arg), an indigenous plant of Borneo, is a natural antioxidant source. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of the limpasu pericarpium extract. The extraction of the limpasu pericarpium was done by maceration method using solvents with increasing polarity ranging from n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Antioxidant activities of the three extracts were measured by the DPPH and FRAP methods. The IC50 values of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts, as well as quercetin using the DPPH method were 517,45 µg/mL, 530,64 µg/mL, 10,63 µg/mL and 6,83 µg/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, the IC50 values obtained from FRAP method were 198,96 µg/mL, 190,07 µg/mL, 661,36 µg/mL, and 7,09 µg/mL, respectively. The results revealed that the methanol extract is more potent than other extracts tested for antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Correlation Analysis Between Antioxidant Activity and Phytochemicals in Korean Colored Corns Using Principal Component Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Mo Ku ◽  
Hye Suk Kim ◽  
Soon Kwon Kim ◽  
Young-Hwa Kang
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Good Target ◽  
Diammonium Salt

The colored corns are used as food as well as for feed in Asian countries; however, the active component of antioxidant activity in Korean colored corns has not been investigated. Thus, we measured the total content of carotenoids, phenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins from 40 Korean colored corn genotypes for correlation analysis between antioxidant activity and these phytochemicals. The ferric reducing ability power (FRAP) and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) activity were measured in order to study this correlation. As a result, there was large variation in total anthocyanin (coefficient of variation, CV 85.0%) and total carotenoid contents (CV 87.8%), while CVs of total phenol, total flavonoid contents, ABTS and FRAP was relatively low (CV 15.0%, 22.8%, 15.5%, and 16.3% respectively). There were meaningful correlations between ABTS and anthocyanins, phenols, and flavonoids, as well as correlations between FRAP and phenols as well as FRAP and flavonoids. We also obtained a more informative and easily visualized result by using principal component analysis (PCA). Anthocyanins and carotenoids showed a large variation as compared to other compounds. Anthocyanins are a good target to increase antioxidant activity in colored corns.

scholarly journals Chemical Compositions and Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oils from Magnolia grandiflora, Chrysactinia mexicana, and Schinus molle Found in Northeast Mexico

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Guerra-Boone ◽  
Rocío Álvarez-Román ◽  
Ricardo Salazar-Aranda ◽  
Anabel Torres-Cirio ◽  
Verónica Mayela Rivas-Galindo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bornyl Acetate ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Magnolia Grandiflora ◽  
Schinus Molle ◽  
Main Component

The essential oils from Magnolia grandiflora and Chrysactinia mexicana leaves, and from Schinus molle leaves and fruit, were characterized by gas chromatography/flame-ionization detection and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Twenty-eight compounds from M. grandiflora leaves were identified (representing 93.6% of the total area of the gas chromatogram), with the major component being bornyl acetate (20.9%). Colorless and yellow oils were obtained from the C. mexicana leaves with 18 (86.7%) and 11 (100%) compounds identified, respectively. In both fractions, the principal component was sylvestrene (36.8% and 41.1%, respectively). The essential oils of S. molle leaves and fruit were each separated into colorless and yellow fractions, in which 14 (98.2) and 20 (99.8%) compounds were identified. The main component was α-phellandrene in all fractions (between 32.8% and 45.0%). The M. grandiflora oil displayed antifungal activity against five dermatophyte strains. The oils from S. molle and M. grandiflora leaves had antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, which cause skin infections that potentially may lead to sepsis. However, the antioxidant activities of all oils were small (half maximal effective concentration values >250 μg/mL).

scholarly journals Aroma Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oil from Alpinia zerumbet

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eisuke Kuraya ◽  
Rui Yamashiro ◽  
Akiko Touyama ◽  
Shina Nakada ◽  
Kenta Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Volatile Compound ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Future Production

The essential oil of A. zerumbet, obtained from the leaves through steam distillation, has a distinct aroma and shows antioxidant activity. In this study, we evaluated the yields, antioxidant activity, and volatile compound composition of essential oils extracted from the leaves of A. zerumbet to better understand how these characteristics may vary among individual plants, and how they may differ with location of growth and season in which leaves are harvested. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that chemical composition in each individual plant was not affected by harvest season or growth area. Furthermore, GC/MS and antioxidant activity assays revealed that although the antioxidant activity and yield of these essential oils differed significantly between individual plants and collecting seasons, there was a strong inverse correlation between the yields of essential oils and their antioxidant activity. The yield, the major volatile compound compositions, the enantiomeric ratio of the few monoterpenes, and the antioxidant activities of A. zerumbet essential oil varied significantly among individual plants, and probably reflected the genetic variability within the species. This suggests the plausibility of selecting lineages of A. zerumbet to optimize future production of valuable essential oils.

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