scholarly journals The Effects of Myrothecium verrucaria (MV) on Corn Stover During Co-Composting Process Under Room Temperature Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Akwakwa Hopla ◽  
Ming Yue Yao ◽  
GuoZhu Lei ◽  
Onautshu Odimba ◽  
Gang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corn Stover ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plant Nutrient ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Myrothecium Verrucaria ◽  
Total Potassium

In China, the production of crop straw has been estimated to be approximately 800 Million tons yearly of which about 40% was burned. Corn stover is one of the main agricultural wastes in China. It has shown that lignin in corn stover could be effectively removed byMyrothecium verrucaria. The effects of the pretreatment of corn strover by Myrothecium verrucaria on compost were studied. The results showed that corn stover pretreatment by Myrothecium verrucaria, the Cellulose, Hemicellulose, and lignin were degraded and the results were 33.43%, 11.53% and 18.70% respectively. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis showed that the surface structure of corn stover was changed. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis showed that the degradation products of lignin were increased. The exposed area of cellulose and hemicellulose was increased. Compared with the control group, the pH value was stable and the temperature was higher. The content of nitrogen in the material decreased, while the contents of total phosphorus and total potassium increased.The C/N ratio of materials decreased after composting.The results showed that the pretreatment of Myrothecium verrucaria improve the degradation of lignocelluloses, a great contribution was made to reduce the causes loss of plant nutrient and to fight against environmental pollution.

Comparative Labelling and Biokinetic Studies of 99mTc-EDTA(Sn) and 99mTc-DTPA(Sn)

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Agha ◽  
R. B. R. Persson
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Reduction Step ◽  
Labelling Yield ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Kinetics Of

SummaryGelchromatography column scanning has been used to study the fractions of 99mTc-pertechnetate, 99mTcchelate and reduced hydrolyzed 99mTc in preparations of 99mTc-EDTA(Sn) and 99mTc-DTPA(Sn). The labelling yield of 99mTc-EDTA(Sn) chelate was as high as 90—95% when 100 μmol EDTA · H4 and 0.5 (Amol SnCl2 was incubated with 10 ml 99mTceluate for 30—60 min at room temperature. The study of the influence of the pH-value on the fraction of 99mTc-EDTA shows that pH 2.8—2.9 gave the best labelling yield. In a comparative study of the labelling kinetics of 99mTc-EDTA(Sn) and 99mTc- DTPA(Sn) at different temperatures (7, 22 and 37°C), no significant influence on the reduction step was found. The rate constant for complex formation, however, increased more rapidly with increased temperature for 99mTc-DTPA(Sn). At room temperature only a few minutes was required to achieve a high labelling yield with 99mTc-DTPA(Sn) whereas about 60 min was required for 99mTc-EDTA(Sn). Comparative biokinetic studies in rabbits showed that the maximum activity in kidneys is achieved after 12 min with 99mTc-EDTA(Sn) but already after 6 min with 99mTc-DTPA(Sn). The long-term disappearance of 99mTc-DTPA(Sn) from the kidneys is about five times faster than that for 99mTc-EDTA(Sn).

Peritoneal Fluid and Plasma Fibrinolytic Activity in Women with Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

1992 ◽  
Vol 68 (02) ◽  
pp. 102-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
P J Dörr ◽  
E J P Brommer ◽  
G Dooijewaard ◽  
H M Vemer
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Peritoneal Fluid ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Adhesion Formation ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fibrinolytic Parameters

SummaryPrevious studies have shown that the fibrinolytic activity of peritoneum is depressed in local inflammation. We measured fibrinolytic parameters in peritoneal fluid and in plasma of 10 women with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Nine women, in whom laparoscopy for sterilisation was performed, served as a control group.In the peritoneal fluid of women with PID, PAI-Ag, t-PA-Ag and u-PA-Ag were many times higher than in the control group. In contrast to the antigens which may be present in inert complexes, the potentially active compounds, measured as t-PA activity and plasmin-activable scu-PA, were not significantly different in the two groups, and in none of the samples was the active enzyme tcu-PA detectable. Nevertheless, the mean peritoneal fluid TDP and FbDP concentrations were about twenty times higher in the PID group than in the control group. In plasma of PID patients, none of the parameters except u-PA-Ag differed from those in the control group. The difference between control and patient plasma u-PA-Ag was statistically significant, but too small to attach any relevance to the observation.Our data suggest that, in contrast to the classical concept of decreased fibrinolytic activity as a cause of adhesion formation, intraperitoneal fibrinolysis is enhanced in peritoneal inflammation through stimulation of the local production of t-PA and u-PA. Despite concomitant production of PAI, fibrinolysis occurs at a high rate, resulting in high levels of fibrin degradation products. Since this activated fibrinolysis does not meet the demand, therapeutic enhancement should be considered to prevent adhesions.

Favorable Effects of Astaxanthin on Brain Damage due to Ischemia- Reperfusion Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esra Cakir ◽  
Ufuk Cakir ◽  
Cuneyt Tayman ◽  
Tugba Taskin Turkmenoglu ◽  
Ataman Gonel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cortex Cell

Background: Activated inflammation and oxidant stress during cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) lead to brain damage. Astaxanthin (ASX) is a type of carotenoid with a strong antioxidant effect. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ASX on brain IRI. Methods: A total of 42 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups as control (n=14) group, IRI (n=14) group and IRI + ASX (n=14) group. Cerebral ischemia was instituted by occluding middle cerebral artery for 120 minutes and subsequently, reperfusion was performed for 48 hours. Oxidant parameter levels and protein degradation products were evaluated. Hippocampal and cortex cell apoptosis, neuronal cell count, neurological deficit score were evaluated. Results: In the IRI group, oxidant parameter levels and protein degradation products in the tissue were increased compared to control group. However, these values were significantly decreased in the IRI + ASX group (p<0.05). There was a significant decrease in hippocampal and cortex cell apoptosis and a significant increase in the number of neuronal cells in the IRI + ASX group compared to the IRI group alone (p<0.05). The neurological deficit score which was significantly lower in the IRI group compared to the control group was found to be significantly improved in the IRI + ASX group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Astaxanthin protects the brain from oxidative damage and reduces neuronal deficits due to IRI injury.

scholarly journals A Comparative Evaluation of Nanohydroxyapatite-Enriched Hydrogen Peroxide Home Bleaching System on Color, Hardness and Microstructure of Dental Enamel

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3072
Author(s):  
Riccardo Monterubbianesi ◽  
Vincenzo Tosco ◽  
Tiziano Bellezze ◽  
Giampaolo Giuliani ◽  
Mutlu Özcan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Color Analysis ◽  
Enamel Microstructure ◽  
Prismatic Structure ◽  
20 Nm

This study aimed to evaluate two hydrogen peroxide (HP)-based at-home bleaching systems in order to analyze whether nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) addition may represent a reliable and safe solution for tooth whitening without altering dental microstructure and hardness. Human third molars (N = 15) were treated with two bleaching agents, one containing 6%HP (6HP) and the other 6% HP nHA-enriched (6HP-nHA) with average particle diameter ranging from 5–20 nm. Their effects on enamel were assessed using a spectrophotometer, Vickers microhardness (VMH) test and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), comparing the treated groups with the non-treated control group (CTR). Color analysis revealed improvement in whiteness in both groups compared to CTR. VMH test results showed no differences among the groups. SEM analysis highlighted no evident changes in the enamel microstructure of tested groups compared to CTR. At high magnification, in 6HP group, a slight increase in irregularities of enamel surface morphology was observed, while 6HP-nHA group displayed removal of the aprismatic layer but preservation of the intact prismatic structure. These results suggest that the 6HP-nHA agent may be recommended to provide reliable whitening treatment, without damaging the enamel micromorphology and hardness.

Studies on hydrolysis and radiolysis of N,N,N′,N′-tetraoctyl-3-oxapentane-1,5-diamide

2002 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Sugo ◽  
Y. Sasaki ◽  
S. Tachimori
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Amide Bond ◽  
Radioactive Liquid Waste ◽  
Ether Bond ◽  
Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing ◽  
High Level ◽  
Fuel Reprocessing

SummaryHydrolytic and radiolytic stabilities of a promising extractant, N,N,N′,N′-tetraoctyl-3-oxapentane-1,5-diamide (TODGA), for actinides in high-level radioactive liquid waste from nuclear fuel reprocessing were investigated in air at room temperature. Hydrolysis by nitric acid was not observed, whereas radiolysis by gamma irradiation was notably observed. The radiolysis study showed that an amide-bond, an ether-bond, and a bond adjacent to the ether-bond tended to be broken by gamma irradiation, and dioctylamine and various N,N-dioctylmonoamides were identified as the main degradation products by GC/MS and NMR analyses. The

scholarly journals Sonochemically synthetized ZnO-Graphene nanohybrids and its characterization

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornel Cobianu ◽  
Niculae Dumbravescu ◽  
Bogdan-Catalin Serban ◽  
Octavian Buiu ◽  
Cosmin Romanitan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Raman Band ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Carbon Incorporation ◽  
Additional Amount ◽  
Ph Increase ◽  
Compositional Properties ◽  
Crystalline Symmetry

AbstractThe paper presents the morphological, structural and compositional properties of the sonochemically prepared ZnO-1.4wt% Graphene (Z-G) nanocomposites as a function of pH value of suspension varying from 8.5 to 14 and thermal annealing at 450°C in nitrogen or air ambient. The SEM analysis of the Z-G hybrids dried at 150°C in air has shown a nano-flower like nanostructure for a pH value of 14. The XRD analysis of dried Z-G hybrids revealed a crystallite size increase from 3.5 nm to 18.4 nm with pH increase, and this result was explained in terms of colloids zeta potential evolution with pH value. The Raman and EDS spectroscopy have shown a split of the G band (1575 cm−1) of graphene into two bands (1575 cm−1 and 1605 cm−1), an increased height of D (1323 cm−1) band, and an additional amount of carbon due to CO2 absorption from the air, respectively. The carbon incorporation increased with the decrease of pH, and was associated with a hydrozincite phase, Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6. The formation of dried Z-G nanocomposite was clearly demonstrated only at a pH value equal to 14, where two ZnO Raman active bands at 314.9 cm−1 and 428.2 cm−1 appeared. This result may indicate the sensitivity of the Raman spectroscopy to the nanoflower-like nanostructure of dried Z-G hybrids prepared at pH=14. The thermal treatment of Z-G hybrids in N2at 450°C has increased the number of ZnO Raman bands as a function of pH value, it has decreased the amount of additional carbon by conversion of hydrozincite to ZnO and preserved the graphene profile. The thermal treatment in air at 450°C has increased the crystalline symmetry and stoichiometry of the ZnO as revealed by high and narrow Raman band from 99 cm−1 specific to Zn optical phonons, but it has severely affected the graphene profile in the Z-G hybrid, due to combustion of graphene in oxygen from the ambient.

Zinc carbonate recovery from brass melting slag

2021 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Thao Nguyen Thi ◽  
◽  
Nam Pham Ky ◽  
Ngoc Tran Vu Diem
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Zinc Carbonate ◽  
Leaching Solution ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Melting Slag

Brass melting slag (20.38 wt.% Zn) was leached in sulfuric acid with concentration of (50 + 80) g/l H2SO4, leaching temperature of (30 + 60) °C for (30 + 120) min. The optimized conditions for 94.16% Zn extraction from brass melting slag were found as 70 g/l H2SO4, room temperature and 90 min. The leaching solution was purified by removal of Fe through Fe(OH)3 precipitation when adding ZnO to adjust pH value of 5. The solution was continuously cemented by Zn metal at 60 °C for 60 min to obtain Cu metal with high purity of 99 wt.% Cu. The purified solution with 37.64 g/l Zn was modified by Na2C03 to have pH value of about 6 and precipitation of ZnC03 (94.14 %).

scholarly journals Effects of Different Polishing Protocols on Lithium Disilicate Ceramics

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 478-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tânia Mara da Silva ◽  
Ana Carolina Rodrigues Danzi Salvia ◽  
Rodrigo Furtado de Carvalho ◽  
Eduardo Galera da Silva ◽  
Clóvis Pagani
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Morphological Pattern ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Polishing Procedures ◽  
Diamond Paste

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different polishing protocols on surface roughness and morphology of lithium disilicate ceramics (IPS e.max CAD). Fifty ceramic bars (2.0x3.0x2.5 mm) were produced and randomly divided into five groups (n=10), according to surface treatments: C: Control; Cer: Ceramaster (60 s); CW: cloth wheel with large-grit diamond (30 s) + cloth wheel with fine-grit diamond paste (30 s); E: grey Exa-Cerapol (20 s) + pink Exa-Cerapol (20 s) + Cerapol Super (20 s); F: Felt wheel with large-grit diamond paste (30 s) + Felt wheel with fine-grit diamond paste (30 s). The samples were evaluated quantitatively for surface roughness (Ra) and qualitatively by SEM, at different moments: initial (prior to roughening), after roughening and after polishing procedures. Ra means were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0.05). After the different polishing protocols, no statistically significant differences were observed between the Cer and E groups (p=0.6347), E and CW groups (p=0.1366), and CW and FW groups (p=0.5433). Comparing different stages in the same group, it was possible to observe that CW (p<0.0001) and FW groups (p<0.0001) showed significant differences. SEM analysis revealed that both Cer and E groups exhibited a surface morphological pattern similar to that of control group. All polishing systems were effective in reducing the surface roughness of the studied ceramic type.

scholarly journals The effects of gastrointestinal function on the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients

Open Medicine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 556-561
Author(s):  
Yuanqiang Lin ◽  
Zhixia Sun ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Meihan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Juice ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gastrointestinal Function ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Gastric Feeding

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effect of gastrointestinal function on the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in critically ill patients.MethodsFrom August 2012 to June 2016, 160 critically ill patients in the ICU (Intensive Care Unit) of our hospital were selected as the research group; patients were divided equally into an observation group and a control group, 80 patients in each group, based on the random draw envelope principle. The control group was given a nasogastric tube for gastric feeding, the observation group was given a dual lumen gastrointestinal enteral device for gastric feeding; the two groups’ enteral nutrition observation time was 7d; any changes in patient condition and prognosis were recorded.ResultsThe pH value of gastric juice in the control group and the observation group was 6.13±1.38 and 4.01±1.83, respectively: the pH for the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (t=4.982, P<0.05). The incidence of VAP in the observation group and the control group was 2.5% and 12.5%, respectively: the VAP for the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). The serum levels of pre-albumin and albumin after feeding in the two groups were significantly higher than before feeding (P<0.05); the serum levels of pre-albumin and albumin in the observation group after feeding were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The mechanical ventilation time and ICU length of stay in the observation group were 9.12±2.13 days and 12.76±1.98 days, respectively, significantly lower than those of the control group of 10.56±2.89 days and 16.33±2.11 days (P<0.05).ConclusionObstacles to gastrointestinal function in critically ill ICU patients are common; enteral gastric feeding by dual lumen gastrointestinal for can improve the patient’s nutritional status, promote and maintain the normal pH value of gastric juice, thereby reducing the incidence of VAP through rehabilitation of patients.

scholarly journals Quality Changes of Fresh Dumpling Wrappers at Room Temperature

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfeng Hu ◽  
Zengyu Wei ◽  
Yuanyuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Original Structure ◽  
Quality Changes ◽  
Internal Change ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Dumpling Wrappers

AbstractIn this paper, the quality changes of fresh dumpling wrappers during storage were studied by measuring the changes of microbial growth, color, pH, texture, cooking property, moisture content and distribution of raw dumpling wrappers. The correlation of these indicators was analyzed. The results showed that the dumpling wrappers had generated lots of microorganisms during storage and the pH value decreased gradually. The dumpling wrappers had browning and the color became darker. The texture of the dumpling wrappers changed obviously. The original structure of raw dumpling wrappers were destroyed, the water distribution is uneven and migration to the surface. The apparent index of raw dumpling wrappers has a significant correlation with the internal change, which provides a certain guiding significance for maintaining the good quality of dumpling wrappers.

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