scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance of E. Coli Isolates from Broiler Chick's Cecum in Makassar City

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erdi Purwanto ◽  
Dini Marmansari ◽  
Dwi Kesuma Sari ◽  
Muhammad Hatta
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Maintenance Systems ◽  
Inappropriate Antibiotics ◽  
The City ◽  
Chicken Cecum

Broiler chickens or broilers are the cheapest source of animal protein that can be obtained apart from eggs. The high demand for broiler chicken meat is fulfilled because modern broilers grow rapidly and are maintained massively and intensively. Massive maintenance systems make the spread of disease easier. Treatment of bacterial diseases using inappropriate antibiotics can lead to antibiotic resistance. This study aims to look at the antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria from broiler chickens. E coli bacteria were isolated from 34 samples of broiler chicken cecum taken from several large traders in the city of Makassar. The E. coli isolates were then tested using Kirby-Bauer's diffuse disc method on 5 types of antibiotics from 5 classes of antibiotics namely: Ampicillin (β-lactam); Tetracycline (Tetracycline); Gentamicin (Aminoglycosides); Enrofloxacin (Flouroquinolone); Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethroprim (Sulfonamide). The inhibition zone formed was interpreted using the CLSI 2018 standard. The results of this study were 79.4% of the samples resistant to Ampisillin, 85.3% resistant to Tetracycline, 61.8% resistant to Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethroprim, 76.5% resistant to Enrofloxacin and 52.9% were resistant to Gentamicin. With 91.18% of the sample being resistant to at least 2 types of antibiotics.

scholarly journals Impact of Feed Supplementation with Antimicrobial Agents on Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens, Clostridium perfringens and Enterococcus Counts, and Antibiotic Resistance Phenotypes and Distribution of Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants in Escherichia coli Isolates

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (20) ◽  
pp. 6566-6576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moussa S. Diarra ◽  
Fred G. Silversides ◽  
Fatoumata Diarrassouba ◽  
Jane Pritchard ◽  
Luke Masson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Feed Supplementation ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Class 1

ABSTRACT The effects of feed supplementation with the approved antimicrobial agents bambermycin, penicillin, salinomycin, and bacitracin or a combination of salinomycin plus bacitracin were evaluated for the incidence and distribution of antibiotic resistance in 197 commensal Escherichia coli isolates from broiler chickens over 35 days. All isolates showed some degree of multiple antibiotic resistance. Resistance to tetracycline (68.5%), amoxicillin (61.4%), ceftiofur (51.3%), spectinomycin (47.2%), and sulfonamides (42%) was most frequent. The levels of resistance to streptomycin, chloramphenicol, and gentamicin were 33.5, 35.5, and 25.3%, respectively. The overall resistance levels decreased from day 7 to day 35 (P < 0.001). Comparing treatments, the levels of resistance to ceftiofur, spectinomycin, and gentamicin (except for resistance to bacitracin treatment) were significantly higher in isolates from chickens receiving feed supplemented with salinomycin than from the other feeds (P < 0.001). Using a DNA microarray analysis capable of detecting commonly found antimicrobial resistance genes, we characterized 104 tetracycline-resistant E. coli isolates from 7- to 28-day-old chickens fed different growth promoters. Results showed a decrease in the incidence of isolates harboring tet(B), bla TEM, sulI, and aadA and class 1 integron from days 7 to 35 (P < 0.01). Of the 84 tetracycline-ceftiofur-resistant E. coli isolates, 76 (90.5%) were positive for bla CMY-2. The proportions of isolates positive for sulI, aadA, and integron class 1 were significantly higher in salinomycin-treated chickens than in the control or other treatment groups (P < 0.05). These data demonstrate that multiantibiotic-resistant E. coli isolates can be found in broiler chickens regardless of the antimicrobial growth promoters used. However, the phenotype and the distribution of resistance determinants in E. coli can be modulated by feed supplementation with some of the antimicrobial agents used in broiler chicken production.

scholarly journals Influence of the nanophytopreparation “Betulin in carbon microsphere” on the state of pathogenic and persistent factors of the joints of enteromicrobiocenosis of broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 941 (1) ◽  
pp. 012005
Author(s):  
Lysko Svetlana ◽  
Valentina Pleshakova ◽  
Nadegda Lescheva ◽  
Marina Zadorozhnaya ◽  
Tatyana Lorengel
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Current Development ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Carbon Microsphere ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract The current development stage of the poultry industry is characterized by a rapid consolidation of the role of pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms. It was found that some phytopreparations have a diverse impact on the persistent characteristics of microorganisms. This work aims to study the influence of the nanophytopreparation “Betulin in carbon microsphere” on the manifestation of pathogenic (hemolytic, adhesive, proteolytic, catalase activities) and persistent (antilysozyme, anti-complementary activities) characteristics of microorganisms isolated from broiler chickens. Studied were microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa) isolated from samples of broiler chicken droppings. The nanophytopreparation “Betulin in carbon microsphere” was prophylactically added to the diet of chickens. As a control, considered were cultures of microorganisms isolated from broiler chickens, who did not receive the preparation in the diet. It was established that 37.5% of E. coli cultures isolated from droppings of the control broiler group exhibit hemolytic activity, while E. coli isolates from the experimental group did not have this activity. The percentage of isolated cultures of microorganisms that showed adhesive, proteolytic and catalase activity was lower for broiler chickens of the experimental group compared to the control one. This tendency was observed when studying persistent factors, in particular, antilysozyme and anti-complementary characteristics. The nanophytopreparation “Betulin in carbon microsphere” can be applied not only to increase the general resistance of the poultry body but also to target the main types of microbiocenosis joints, reducing their pathogenic and persistent potential.

Effect of Prechill Fecal Contamination on Numbers of Bacteria Recovered from Broiler Chicken Carcasses Before and After Immersion Chilling

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 1829-1833 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. CASON ◽  
M. E. BERRANG ◽  
R. J. BUHR ◽  
N. A. COX
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Fecal Contamination ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Marked Area ◽  
Skin Samples

Paired carcass halves were used to test whether fecal contamination of skin during processing of broiler chickens can be detected by increased bacterial counts in samples taken before and after immersion chilling. In each of three trials, six freshly defeathered and eviscerated carcasses were cut in half, and a rectangle (3 by 5 cm) was marked with dots of ink on the breast skin of each half. One half of each pair was chosen randomly, and 0.1 g of freshly collected feces was spread over the rectangle with a spatula. After 10 min, both halves were sprayed with tap water for 10 to 15 s until feces could no longer be seen in the marked area. Both halves were sampled with a 1-min carcass rinse and were then put in a paddle chiller with other eviscerated carcasses for 45 min to simulate industrial immersion chilling. Immediately after chilling, each carcass half was subjected to another 1-min rinse, after which the skin within the rectangle was aseptically removed from the carcass halves and stomached. Rinses of fecally contaminated halves had significantly higher Enterobacteriaceae immediately before chilling, but there were no differences in coliform and Escherichia coli counts. After chilling, there were no differences in Enterobacteriaceae, coliform, and E. coli counts in rinse or skin samples from the paired carcass halves. Correlations were generally poor between counts in rinse and skin samples but were significant between prechill and postchill rinses for both control and fecally contaminated halves. Correlations were also significant between counts in rinses of control and contaminated halves of the same carcass after chilling. Bacterial counts in postchill carcass rinses did not indicate that fecal contamination occurred before chilling.

Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Commensal Escherichia coli Isolated from Broiler Chickens in Qatar

2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahla O. Eltai ◽  
Elmoubasher A. Abdfarag ◽  
Hamad Al-Romaihi ◽  
Eman Wehedy ◽  
Mahmoud H. Mahmoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Stewardship Program

ABSTRACT Antibiotic resistance (AR) is a growing public health concern worldwide, and it is a top health challenge in the 21st century. AR among Enterobacteriaceae is rapidly increasing, especially in third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems. Further, strains carrying mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) genes 1 and 2 have been isolated from humans, food-producing animals, and the environment. The uncontrolled use of antibiotics in food-producing animals is a major factor in the generation and spread of AR. No studies have been done to evaluate AR in the veterinary sector of Qatar. This study aimed at establishing primary baseline data for the prevalence of AR among food-producing animals in Qatar. Fecal samples (172) were obtained from two broiler farms and one live bird market in Qatar, and 90 commensal Escherichia coli bacteria were isolated and subjected to susceptibility testing against 16 clinically relevant antibiotics by using the E-test method. The results found that 81 (90%) of 90 isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic, 14 (15.5%) of 90 isolates were colistin resistant, 2 (2.2%) of 90 isolates were extended-spectrum β-lactamase producers, and 2 (2.2%) of 90 isolates were multidrug resistant to four antibiotic classes. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing E. coli and colistin-resistant isolates were confirmed by using double-disc susceptibility testing and PCR, respectively. Such a high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant E. coli could be the result of a long application of antibiotic treatment, and it is an indicator of the antibiotic load in food-producing animals in Qatar. Pathogens carrying AR can be easily transmitted to humans through consumption of undercooked food or noncompliance with hygiene practices, mandating prompt development and implementation of a stewardship program to control and monitor the use of antibiotics in the community and agriculture.

scholarly journals The incidence of antibiotic resistance and other characteristics amongst Escherichia coli strains causing fatal infection in chickens: the utilization of these characteristics to study the epidemiology of the infection

1973 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 771-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Heller ◽  
H. Williams Smith
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Transfer Factors ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fatal Infection

SummaryOf 173 epidemiologically unrelated strains of Escherichia coli isolated from the pericardial sac of chickens that had died from infection with these organisms in England in 1972, approximately 1 year after the introduction of legislation forbidding the routine use of feeds containing ‘therapeutic’ antibiotics, 83·8% were resistant to sulphonamides, 31·2 % to tetracyclines, 20·8% to furazolidone, 18·5% to streptomycin, 2·9% to spectinomycin and 1·2% to ampicillin; none of the strains were resistant to chloramphenicol, neomycin, polymixin, trimethoprim or nalidixic acid. The sulphonamide resistance and possibly some of the resistance to other agents might have been the consequence of sulphonamides being exempted from the legislation. Much of the resistance, with the exception of that to furazolidone, was of the transferable type. Many strains possessed transfer factors in the absence of any known transferable characteristic. Colicine production was twice as common in the pathogenic strains as in a collection of strains isolated from the faeces of healthy chickens; about half of it was transferable.By means of serology, antibiotic resistance and other markers, it was found that several different kinds of E. coli were usually incriminated in any one outbreak of E. coli infection in broiler chickens. Sometimes the same kinds of E. coli were found in outbreaks in consecutive crops of chickens on the same farm. New kinds, too, appeared to be brought in by replacement chickens.

Characterization of antibiotic-resistant and potentially pathogenic Escherichia coli from soil fertilized with litter of broiler chickens fed antimicrobial-supplemented diets

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1084-1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura E. Merchant ◽  
Heidi Rempel ◽  
Tom Forge ◽  
Tissa Kannangara ◽  
Shabtai Bittman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Virulence Determinants ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli

The objective of this study was to characterize antimicrobial resistance and virulence determinants of Escherichia coli from soil amended with litter from 36-day-old broiler chickens ( Gallus gallus domesticus ) fed with diets supplemented with a variety of antimicrobial agents. Soil samples were collected from plots before and periodically after litter application in August to measure E. coli numbers. A total of 295 E. coli were isolated from fertilized soil samples between August and March. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by Sensititre, and polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the presence of resistance and virulence genes. The results confirmed that E. coli survived and could be quantified by direct plate count for at least 7 months in soil following litter application in August. The effects of feed supplementation were observed on E. coli numbers in November and January. Among the 295 E. coli, the highest antibiotic resistance level was observed against tetracycline and β-lactams associated mainly with the resistance genes tetB and blaCMY-2, respectively. Significant treatment effects were observed for phylogenetic groups, antibiotic resistance profiles, and virulence gene frequencies. Serotyping, phylogenetic grouping, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis confirmed that multiple-antibiotic-resistant and potentially pathogenic E. coli can survive in soil fertilized with litter for several months regardless of antimicrobials used in the feed.

Residu Antibiotik Serta Keberadaan Escherichia Coli Penghasil ESBL pada Daging Ayam Broiler di Pasar Kota Purwokerto

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Anriani Puspita Karunia Ning Widhi ◽  
Imam Nafi Yana Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Antibiotic Residues ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Starting Point

Latar belakang: Pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan asal ternak yang berasal dari unggas memiliki angka konsumsi yang cukup tinggi salah satunya yaitu ayam broiler. Untuk memenuhi tingginya permintaan terhadap ayam broiler pada pakandiberifeed additiveserta antibiotic growth promotor (AGP) dalam bentuk antibiotik untuk mempercepat pertumbuhan dan daya tahan tubuh. Pemanfaatan antibiotik yang tidak bijak akan menimbulkan residu antibiotik serta resistensi Escherichia coli penghasil Extended Spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL).Metode: Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif. Data primer diperoleh dari hasil screeningtest. Data ditunjukkan dalam tabel dangambar yang dibahas secara deskriptif. Variabel yang diamati residu antibiotik tetrasiklin serta E. coli penghasil ESBL pada daging ayam broiler.Hasil: Temuan terhadap residu antibiotik tetrasiklin pada daging ayam broiler yaitu sebesar 7,14% dengan rerata zona hambat 12,13 mm, sedangkan hasil identifikasi E. coli penghasil ESBL pada daging ayam broiler diperoleh hasil sebesar 71,4%.Simpulan:Residu antibiotik tetrasiklin dalam daging ayam broiler masih tergolong aman dapat dikonsumsi namun, temuanE. coli penghasil ESBL pada daging ayam broiler menimbulkan masalah kesehatan, baik bagi kesehatan hewan maupun manusia, serta dapat menimbulkan resistensi terhadap antibiotik. ABSTRACT Title: Broiler Chicken Meat Sold at Purwokerto's Market Has Antibiotic Residues and Escherichia Coli That Produces EsblBackground: Poultry, of which broiler chickens are one example, is a food source with a relatively high consumption rate.Feed additives and antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in the form of antibiotics in the ration are given to increase broilers’ growth and endurance to meet the high demand for them. It is important to note that unwise antibiotic use results in the buildup of antibiotic residues and resistance to the Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase(ESBL)produced by Escherichia coli bacterium.Method: To collect primary data for this descriptive study, the screening test results were employed as a starting point. Next, the information was presented in the form of tables and figures.Result: According to this study, broiler chickens had a tetracycline residue of 7.14 percent, with an inhibitory zone mean of 12.13 mm, and 71.4 percent of ESBL-producing E. coli.Conclusion:According to the study, broiler chicken meat with tetracycline residue is still safe to consume. E. coli, which is known to develop an antibiotic-resistant strain of E. coli ESBL) can cause serious health problems in both humans and animals.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance prevalence of pathogenic and commensal Escherichia coli in food-producing animals in Belgium

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Chantziaras ◽  
J. Dewulf ◽  
F. Boyen ◽  
B. Callens ◽  
P. Butaye
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Commensal Bacteria ◽  
The Other ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Veal Calves ◽  
Veal Calf

In this article, detailed studies on antimicrobial resistance to commensal E. coli (in pigs, meatproducing bovines, broiler chickens and veal calves) and pathogenic E. coli (in pigs and bovines) in Belgium are presented for 2011. Broiler chicken and veal calf isolates of commensal E. coli demonstrated higher antimicrobial resistance prevalence than isolates from pigs and bovines. Fifty percent of E. coli isolates from broiler chickens were resistant to at least five antimicrobials, whereas sixty-one percent of bovine E. coli isolates were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested. On the other hand, bovine pathogenic E. coli isolates showed an extended resistance profile with more than half of the isolates being resistant to ten or more antimicrobials. The results are not significantly different from the results from previously published studies on commensal bacteria in pigs in Belgium, although different methodologies of sampling and susceptibility testing were used.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Gambir Solution (Uncaria gambir Roxb) to control Escherichia coli on Broiler Chickens

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melisah Yanty Manullang ◽  
Ma`ruf Tafsin ◽  
Iskandar Sembiring ◽  
Tri Hesti Wahyuni ◽  
Hasnudi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Treatment Phase ◽  
Tetracycline Antibiotics ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

This study aims to determine the provision of gambir solution (Uncaria gambir Roxb) to the number of E. coli colonies in broiler chickens. The research method used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments consists of P0A= Control without infection; P0B = (0%), P1=(2%), P2 = (4%), P3 = (6%), P4 = Tetracycline antibiotics (0.05%). The results showed addition of gambir solution (Uncaria gambir Roxb) gave significant effect (P<0,05) to amount of E. coli colony in broiler chicken.    E. coli colonies total in the treatment phase given average for treatment P0A, P0B, P1, P2, P3, P4, sequentially 6.97, 7.80, 6.88, 6.69, 6.34, 6.91 (CFU Log / g). Addition dose with 2-6% of gambir solution effectively reduced the number of    E. coli colonies in broiler chickens. The addition dose of gambir solution 2% was able to compensate tetracycline antibiotics to controlling E. coli in broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Prevalence of enteropathogenic and enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli in foods of animal origin in southern Brazil

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Antonio Aleixo ◽  
Gladis Paim Aver
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
The City

Prevalence of Escherichia coli in foods of animal origin from the city of Pelotas, Brazil, was determined. The ocurrence of enterotoxigenic (ETEC) and classic enteropathogenic (EPEC) serogroups among E. coli isolates was determined. E. coli was isolated from 68% of the food samples surveyed. Of 36 food samples tested, 11(30%) and 24(66%) were positive for EPEC and ETEC strains respectively. However, of 187 E. coli isolates tested, 30(16%) were EPEC compared to 75(40%) which were ETEC. The antibiotic resistance pattern revealed that the isolates were highly sensitive to all antibiotics tested.

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