scholarly journals Sikap Ilmiah dan Kreativitas Produk pada Isu Lingkungan melalui Pembelajaran Berbasiskan Proyek

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUSTINA YUSTINA ◽  
SUWONDO SUWONDO
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
Scientific Attitude ◽  
Product Report ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Observation Instrument

The purpose of this research was to got the information about student’s scientific attitude and creativity of product and correlation both of it in enviromental issues through project based learning. This research was conducted from January to June 2015. Sample in this research are 34 students of 2014 grade in FKIP Biologi UR used parameters are (1) scientific attitude with 4 indicators (curiosity, cooperative, carefulness and discipline); (2) creativity of product. Observation instrument managed by reseacher and the realibility values based Alfa Cronbach is 0.70-0.87. The creativity was scored through product (report) by using portofolio instrument, with descriptors are : Initiative (collecting information), inovation (environmental issues that are happening), variation of idea (way of display data), and suitable idea and their solution. The data analyzed is using SPSS. Descriptive statistic are percent, mean, standard deviation and inference statistic (Multiple regretion). Mean values shows us that student’s scientific attitude is 79,99 (good), and the creativity of product is 80,10 (good). Positive correlation among curiosity, cooperation, carefulness and discipline give contribution as 68% to determine the creativity of product. Separately, each aspect of student’s scientific attitude give contribution for creativity of product are : curiosity (60%), carefulness (57%), discipline (48%) and cooperative (47%). The conclusion is student’s scientific attitude and creativity of product is in good category, It mean was there are correlation between student’s scientific attitude and the creativity of product in environmental issues through project based learning in FKIP Biologi UR.

scholarly journals The heat of combustion of the urine of sheep and cattle in relation to its chemical composition and to diet

1966 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Blaxter ◽  
J. L. Clapperton ◽  
A. K. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Heat Of Combustion ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Residual Standard Deviation ◽  
Analytical Errors ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

1. The results of over 500 determinations of the heat of combustion of the urine produced by cattle and sheep have been analysed statistically. 2. The analytical errors for nitrogen, carbon and heat of combustion were ±0.54, ±1.4 and ±2.2%. The error attached to an estimate of the heat of combustion of the urine produced by an individual sheep in 4 days was ± 10%.3. At the maintenance level of feeding, the heat of combustion of the urine (U kcal/ 100 kcal food) was related to the crude protein content of the diet (P%)by the equationU = 0.25P+1.6with a residual standard deviation of ±0.88 kcal/100 kcal.4. Regression analysis of the relation between the heat of combustion of urine and its N content showed significant differences with diet. The heat of combustion of the urine of sheep was 9.7 kcal/g C and of cattle 10.3 kcal/g C, and did not vary with diet. 5. It is shown that the variation in the heat of combustion of urine/g N and its relative constancy/g C arises largely from variation, from diet to diet, in the proportion of the N excreted as hippurate. 6. The results have been combined with the results of a similar analysis (Blaxter & Clapperton, 1965) of methane production by sheep to show that the ratio of metabolizable energy to digested energy varies very little from mean values of 0.82 for roughages, 0.85 for cereals and 0.79 for oilseed cakes and meals.

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN SIKAP ILMIAH SISWA MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INQUIRY TRAINING DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DIRECT INSTRUCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-188
Author(s):  
Dyan Wulan Sari Hs ◽  
Agus Kistian
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Direct Instruction ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Scientific Attitude ◽  
Training Models ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Alternative Choice ◽  
Scientific Attitudes

This study aims to analyze the differences in scientific attitudes of students using inquiry training learning models with direct instruction learning models. This research is a quasi-experimental study. In this study there are two classes that are used as an experimental class and a control class, the experimental class is a class that is treated with learning with inquiry training models, while the control class is a class using the direct instruction learning model. The instrument used consisted of a questionnaire to measure students' scientific attitudes in the posttest, as well as an observation sheet. The results of this study indicate that the average value of the scientific attitude of learning in the experimental class is 75.01 with a standard deviation of 7.373, while in the control class is 71.60 with a standard deviation of 7.935. The results of this research suggest that inquiry training learning model is a solution and an alternative choice for teachers in improving students' scientific attitudes. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan sikap ilmiah siswa menggunakan model pembelajaran inquiry training dengan model pembelajaran direct instruction. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu (quasi experiment). Dalam penelitian ini terdapat dua kelas yang digunakan sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol, kelas eksperimen merupakan kelas yang diberi perlakuan pembelajaran dengan model inquiry training, sedangkan kelas kontrol adalah kelas dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran direct instruction. Instrumen yang digunakan terdiri dari berupa angket untuk mengukur sikap ilmiah siswa dalam posttest, serta lembar observasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata nilai sikap ilmiah belajar pada kelas eksperimen sebesar 75,01 dengan simpangan baku sebesar 7,373, sedangkan pada kelas kontrol sebesar 71,60 dengan simpangan baku sebesar 7,935. Hasil penelitan ini menyarankan bahwa model pembelajaran inquiry training merupakan solusi dan alternatif pilihan guru dalam meningkatkan sikap ilmiah siswa. Kata Kunci: Sikap Ilmiah, Inquiry Training, Direct Instruction

scholarly journals Global distribution of the effective aerosol hygroscopicity parameter for CCN activation

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 6301-6339 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Pringle ◽  
H. Tost ◽  
A. Pozzer ◽  
U. Pöschl ◽  
J. Lelieveld
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Chemistry ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Cloud Condensation Nucleus ◽  
Cloud Formation ◽  
Sea Spray ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Aerosol Hygroscopicity

Abstract. In this study we use the ECHAM/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC) model to simulate global fields of the effective hygroscopicity parameter κ which approximately describes the influence of chemical composition on the cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) activity of aerosol particles. The obtained global mean values of κ at the Earth's surface are 0.27±0.21 for continental and 0.72±0.24 for marine regions (arithmetic mean ± standard deviation). The mean κ values are in good agreement with previous estimates based on observational data, but the model standard deviation for continental regions is higher. Over the continents, the regional distribution appears fairly uniform, with κ values mostly in the range of 0.1–0.4. Lower values over large arid regions and regions of high organic loading lead to reduced continental average values for Africa and South America (0.15–0.17) compared to the other continents (0.21–0.36). Marine regions show greater variability with κ values ranging from 0.9–1.0 in remote regions to 0.4–0.6 in continental outflow regions where the highly hygroscopic sea spray aerosol mixes with less hygroscopic continental aerosol. Marine κ values as low as 0.2–0.3 are simulated in the outflow from the Sahara desert. At the top of the planetary boundary layer the κ values can deviate substantially from those at the surface (up to 30%) – especially in marine and coastal regions. In moving from the surface to the height of the planetary boundary layer, the global average marine κ value reduces by 20%. Thus, surface observations may not always be representative for the altitudes where cloud formation mostly occurs. In a pre-industrial model scenario, the κ values tend to be higher over marine regions and lower over the continents, because the anthropogenic particulate matter is on average less hygroscopic than sea-spray but more hygroscopic than the natural continental background aerosol (dust and organic matter). The influence of industrialisation on aerosol hygroscopicity appears to be less pronounced than the influence on the atmospheric aerosol burden. However, in regions influenced by desert dust the particle hygroscopicity has increased strongly as the mixing of air pollutants with mineral particles typically enhances the Kappa values by a factor of 2–3.

EFFECTS OF TRAFFIC PROPERTIES AND DEGREE HETEROGENEITY IN FLOW FLUCTUATIONS ON COMPLEX NETWORKS

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (07) ◽  
pp. 1250170 ◽  
Author(s):  
SANDRO MELONI ◽  
JESÚS GÓMEZ-GARDEÑES ◽  
VITO LATORA ◽  
YAMIR MORENO
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Flow Fluctuations ◽  
Routing Strategy ◽  
The Relationship

Communication networks are nowadays crucial in our lives and the study of the traffic features yields important advantages. In both network and traffic design, the understanding of the relationship between the traffic on a node and its fluctuations plays a key role. In this paper, we investigate the relationship between the mean traffic flow experienced by a node and its standard deviation via numerical simulations and real data analysis. In particular, we show the great influence that the degree heterogeneity of real communication systems has on the patterns of flow fluctuations observed across complex communication networks. To this end, we derive an analytical law connecting the standard deviation of flows and their mean values, we prove it via extensive numerical simulations and by means of a realistic internet traffic simulator software: NS-3. We also show that our results are robust under different assumptions regarding network topology, routing strategy and packets injection distributions.

Hubungan berat lahir anak, rasio jenis kelamin anak, dan umur induk kerbau terhadap lama kebuntingan

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Yendraliza Yendraliza ◽  
Muhamad Rodiallah ◽  
Zumarni Zumarni
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Descriptive Method

This study was conducted to determine the relationship of birth weight of calves, sex ratio of the calves, and the age of the dam to the length of pregnancy in buffaloes resulting from artificial insemination in Kampar District. The method used in this research is the descriptive method by displaying the average and standard deviation. The total number of buffaloes that were artificially inseminated in 2018 and gave birth in 2019 was 21 buffalo-cows. Data were analyzed with the Pearson Product Moment (PPM) correlation. The parameters measured in this study were the length of pregnancy, calf birth weight, calf sex ratio, and dam’s age. The results showed a positive correlation between the birth weight of the calves, sex ratio of the calves, and the age of the dam to the length of pregnancy of 1.4%, with an average length of pregnancy, calf birth weight, and sex ratio of 351.81 days, 27.38 kg, and 1: 1 respectively.

Contribution of the Mooring System to the Low-Frequency Motions of a Semisubmersible in Combined Wave and Current

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amany M. A. Hassan ◽  
Martin J. Downie ◽  
Atilla Incecik ◽  
R. Baarholm ◽  
P. A. Berthelsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Mooring Line ◽  
Mooring System ◽  
Current Field ◽  
Mooring Lines ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Low Frequency Motion

This paper presents the results of an experiment carried out on a semi-submersible model to measure the steady drift force and low frequency surge motions. In the experiments, the influence of mooring systems was also investigated in different combinations of current and sea state. The measurements were carried out with a 1/50 scale model which was moored using horizontal springs and catenary mooring lines. A comparative study of the mean values of steady drift motions and the standard deviation of the low frequency motion amplitudes is presented. In addition, the effect of current on the damping ratio is discussed. It is found that for both horizontal and catenary moorings, the presence of a current increases the damping ratio of the system. For the catenary mooring system, as expected, the presence of mooring lines and their interaction with waves and current increases the damping compared to the damping of the horizontal mooring system. The measured mean values of the surge motions in a wave–current field are compared to the superposed values of those obtained from waves and current separately. For the horizontal mooring, it is found that there is good agreement in moderate sea states, while in higher sea states the measured motion responses are larger. In the wave-current field, the standard deviation of the surge motion amplitudes is found to be less than that obtained in waves alone. This can be explained by the increased magnitude of the damping ratio. Only in the cases of high sea states with the horizontal mooring system, was it found that the standard deviation of the surge motions is slightly larger than those obtained for waves and current separately. This may be explained by the absence of catenary mooring line damping.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Immunological Status in Occult Hepatitis B Virus-infected Patients Attending Rivers State University Teaching Hospital

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Baribefe Banavule Daniel Koate ◽  
Blessing Didia ◽  
Tombari Pius Monsi ◽  
Zacchaeus Awortu Jeremiah
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Cd4 Cells ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Occult Hepatitis ◽  
Occult Hepatitis B ◽  
Differential White Blood Cell

Background: Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is a rare form of infection that is characterized by the presence of replication-competent HBV DNA in the liver but without detectable HBsAg in the serum. Aim: This study aimed to determine the comparative levels of immunological variables particularly CD4 counts and differential white blood cell (WBC) counts in occult hepatitis B and HBsAg positive subjects among prospective blood donors in Port Harcourt Metropolis in Nigeria. Methods: The CD4 count and total and differential WBC counts were analyzed with automated techniques using BD Fascount and Sysmex XP-300 respectively. Data were analyzed as mean (standard deviation) and significance was assumed at 95% confidence interval using student t-test and one-way ANOVA on GraphPad prism. Results: The mean values for CD4, WBC, LYM (lymphocyte), MXD (differential mixed cells), and NEU (neutrophils) were 607±286 µ/l, 16±24 /l, 1.8±0.55 %, 0.46±0.15 % and 3.1±1.1 % respectively for occult hepatitis B subjects; 609±222 µ/l, 5.4±1.7 /l, 2.3±1.2 %, 0.54±0.31 % and 2.7±1.2 % respectively for HbsAg positive subjects and 823±256 µ/l, 10±5.4 /l, 2.4±1.6 %, 0.69±0.49 % and 6.4±4.7 % respectively for hepatitis B negative subjects. CD4 levels for male and female occult hepatitis B subjects are 729±309 µ/l and 461±190 µ/l respectively; 582±210 µ/l and 643±250 µ/l respectively for HBsAg positive subjects while that of hepatitis B negative subjects were 824±305 µ/l and 821±199 µ/l respectively. OBI showed a significant negative association between differential mixed cells and lymphocytes (r= -0.89 and p= 0.001) alone signifying that increment in former could reduce the latter. Only the HBsAg positive subjects showed a significant positive correlation of age to differential mixed cells (r=0.94 and p=0.000) which imply as the age increase the level of differential mixed cells will rise. Again, the HBsAg positive subjects showed a significant positive correlation between the differential mixed cells against neutrophil and WBC (r=0.53 and p=0.050), (r=0.56 and 0.036) respectively. Smoking and alcohol consumption caused raised levels of CD4 cells in OBI. Conclusion: This study revealed a significant decrease in CD4 count, increase in total WBC and neutrophil counts while lymphocyte counts were decreased in occult hepatitis B subjects. Gender difference affect the level of CD4 cells and significant correlation were observed especially with the differential mixed cells.

scholarly journals CONTEMPORARY TRENDS OF TRAINING AND COOPERATIVE EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Wareeya Khlungsaeng ◽  
Nathkorn Kumpetch
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Cooperative Education ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Sample Group ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
New Information ◽  
High Satisfaction

The research aims: 1) To study the attitudes of students which are affecting the process of training; and 2) To outline the process of training experience in cooperative education. This research is a descriptive research study with the sample group of Bachelor students, all being in their 3rd year at the College of Innovation and Management, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University in one of the 3 programs and 5 majors. The tool used for analysis of the questionnaire was based on Mean values and Standard Deviation. The research results revealed the following attitudes of the respondents: cooperative with user service (= 4.28, S.D. = 0.75) received the highest satisfaction rank; receiving new information demonstrated high satisfaction (= 4.20, S.D. = 0.68) and service quality also got quite high assessments (= 4.04, S.D. = 0.75). In short, this means that the attitude of students who were satisfied matched their demand in the process of cooperative education at the College of Innovation and Management, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University. Additionally to that, the author of this article provides own recommendations on how to boost learning efficiency even further.

scholarly journals MODEL PROJECT BASED LEARNING SEBAGAI UPAYA MENGELOLA COGNITIVE LOAD MAHASISWA PADA MATERI MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-109
Author(s):  
Lufty Hari Susanto ◽  
Rifki Risma Munandar
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Biology Education ◽  
Mental Effort ◽  
Visual Media ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
Process Information ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Three Components

ABSTRACTA good learning strategy, should have to reduce the psychological burden of students when the learning process. The purpose of the study is to get an idea of the magnitude of the cognitive load of students in aproject based learningon the subject of learning audio-visual media. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive. These research subjects are students of the fifth semester Biology Education Studies Program Pakuan University academic year 2016/2017 as many as 50 people. Student cognitive load was measured on three components, namely the mental effort students to describeextraneous cognitiveload(ECL), the ability to receive and process information to describeinstrisic cognitive load(ICL), and the learning outcomes to describegermane cognitive load(GCL). Measurement of ability to receive and process information usingtask complexity worksheet(Brunkenet al.,2010). Measurements mental effort using a questionnaireof subjectiveratting scale(Likert scale).Measurement of learning outcomes in the form essay, referring to the standard of reasoning developed by Marzanoet al(1993).The results showed that the ability to receive and process information very high which means that ICL is in the range of working memory, mental effort which means low student ECL is also low, and a fairly high learning outcomes and describe the magnitude of GCL. The results of the correlation calculations between the three components of cognitive load showed a negative correlation between the ICL with ECL (r =-0.017), the positive correlation between the ICL with GCL (r =0,252), while ECL with GCL has a value of a positive correlation (r = 0.135) , These results illustrate that the GCL obtained by students at least caused by ICL. It can be concluded that the student is still at a high cognitive load while attending classproject based learning. Keyword: cognitive load, project based learning, audio visual mediaABSTRAKSrategi pembelajaran yang baik seyogyanya harus mampu mengurangi beban psikologis mahasiswa ketika proses pembelajaran. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian itu sendiri yaitu untuk mendapatkan gambaran besarnya beban kognitif mahasiwa dalam sebuah pembelajaran project based learning pada matakuliah media pembelajaran audio visual. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu mahasiswa semester V Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi Universitas Pakuan tahun ajaran 2016/2017 sebanyak 50 orang. Beban kognitif mahasiswa diukur pada tiga komponen, yaitu usaha mental siswa untuk menggambarkan extraneous cognitive load (ECL), kemampuan menerima dan mengolah informasi untuk menggambarkan instrisic cognitive load (ICL), dan hasil belajar untuk menggambarkan germane cognitive load (GCL). Mengukur kemampuan menerima dan mengolah informasi menggunakan task complexity worksheet (Brunken et al., 2010). Pengukuran usaha mental menggunakan angket subjective ratting scale (skala Likert). Pengukuran hasil belajar berupa soal essay, mengacu pada standar penalaran yang dikembangkan oleh Marzano et al (1993). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan menerima dan mengolah informasi sangat tinggi yang berarti ICL berada pada rentang memori kerja, usaha mental siswa rendah yang berarti ECL juga rendah, dan hasil belajar cukup tinggi dan menggambarkan besarnya GCL. Hasil perhitungan korelasi antar ketiga komponen beban kognitif menunjukkan, korelasi negatif antara ICL dengan ECL (r=-0,017), korelasi positif antara ICL dengan GCL (r=0,252), sedangkan ECL dengan GCL mempunyai nilai korelasi positif (r=0,135). Hasil ini menggambarkan bahwa GCL yang diperoleh oleh siswa sedikitnya diakibatkan oleh ICL. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa mahasiswa masih berada pada beban kognitif yang tinggi saat mengikuti pembelajaran berbasis proyekKata kunci: cognitive load, project based learning, audio visual media

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