THE EFFECT OF ETHANOL ADDITION ON VEHICLE FUEL CONSUMPTION IN ECONOMIC TERMS - A REVIEW

The technological development of the automotive sector is increasing, every year there is an increase in the production of motor vehicles in Indonesia. The increase in motorized vehicles will certainly have an impact on the use of fuel oil which is also increasing. Though fuel oil is a non-renewable fossil fuel, so that continuous use can lead to scarcity of fossil fuels someday. In addition to causing scarcity of fossil fuels, the increasing number of vehicles will also cause the surrounding environment to be increasingly polluted by the exhaust emissions from the combustion process of the motorized vehicles. Various alternatives are used as a mixture of fuels to reduce fuel consumption and vehicle exhaust emissions, such as ethanol, hydrogen, butanol, biodiesel, methanol etc. The purpose of this literacy study was to determine the effect of using ethanol on fuel consumption and its economic value. Based on the results of a study of literacy is known that the addition of ethanol does reduce the level of fuel consumption, However, if viewed from an economic perspective, the addition of ethanol has actually caused the purchase price of fuel to increase, this will certainly hinder the growth of the desire to use ethanol as an alternative source of fuel substitute by the people of Indonesia.

Download Full-text

The Effect of Ethanol Addition on Vehicle Fuel Consumption in Economic Terms - A Review

Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Teknik dan Kejuruan ◽

10.20961/jiptek.v14i1.26478 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Muhsin Muhsin

Keyword(s):

Fuel Consumption ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Technological Development ◽

Combustion Process ◽

Exhaust Emissions ◽

Fuel Oil ◽

Motor Vehicles ◽

Vehicle Exhaust ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Motorized Vehicles

The technological development of the automotive sector is increasing, every year there is an increase in the production of motor vehicles in Indonesia. The increase in motorized vehicles will certainly have an impact on the use of fuel oil which is also increasing. Though fuel oil is a non-renewable fossil fuel, so that continuous use can lead to scarcity of fossil fuels someday. In addition to causing scarcity of fossil fuels, the increasing number of vehicles will also cause the surrounding environment to be increasingly polluted by the exhaust emissions from the combustion process of the motorized vehicles. Various alternatives are used as a mixture of fuels to reduce fuel consumption and vehicle exhaust emissions, such as ethanol, hydrogen, butanol, biodiesel, methanol etc. The purpose of this literacy study was to determine the effect of using ethanol on fuel consumption and its economic value. Based on the results of a study of literacy is known that the addition of ethanol does reduce the level of fuel consumption, However, if viewed from an economic perspective, the addition of ethanol has actually caused the purchase price of fuel to increase, this will certainly hinder the growth of the desire to use ethanol as an alternative source of fuel substitute by the people of Indonesia.

Download Full-text

PENGARUH PEMAKAIAN HYDROCARBON CRACK SYSTEM (HCS) TERHADAP PERFORMA SEPEDA MOTOR SUPRA X 125 TAHUN 2009

Jurnal Surya Teknika ◽

10.37859/jst.v7i2.2380 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 209-212

Author(s):

Jusnita

Keyword(s):

Co2 Emissions ◽

Octane Number ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Combustion Process ◽

Exhaust Emissions ◽

Motor Vehicles ◽

Vehicle Exhaust ◽

Gas Emissions ◽

Crack System ◽

Co Gas

Kendaraan bermotor di Indonesia yang menjadi sumber emisi gas buang terbesar adalah sepeda motor. Ini merupakan kurangnya perhatian pengguna kendaraan bermotor dengan perbandingan kompresi mesin kendaraan yang tinggi cenderung memilih mengisi bahan bakar sepeda motornya dengan premium yang harganya lebih murah namun memiliki angka oktan yang rendah. Hal ini tentu akan menimbulkan masalah terhadap pembakaran yang tidak sempurna. Efek yang ditimbulkan adalah menyebabkan meningkatnya polutan pencemaran udara. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan diatas adalah dengan cara menggunakan Hydrocarbon Crack System (HCS), HCS bekerja untuk menyempurnakan proses pembakaran, sehingga dapat menurunkan kadar emisi gas buang kendaraan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini melihat pengaruh penggunaan Hydrocarbon Crack System (HCS) terhadap performa dan kandungan emisi gas buang yang dihasilkan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa penggunaan HCS pada sepeda motor Honda Supra X 125 dapat menurunkan emisi gas CO sebesar 40 %. Untuk emisi gas HC penggunaan HCS dapat menurunkan emisi gas HC sebesar 37%,sedangkan untuk emisi gas buang CO2 penggunaan HCS dapat meningkatkan emisi gas CO2 sebesar 12.98%. Motor vehicles in Indonesia which are the largest source of exhaust emissions are motorbikes. This is the lack of attention of motorized vehicle users with high engine compression ratios, which tend to choose to refuel their motorbikes with premium which is cheaper but has a low octane number. This of course will cause problems with incomplete combustion. The resulting effect is to increase air pollutants. To overcome the above problems is by using the Hydrocarbon Crack System (HCS), HCS works to improve the combustion process, so that it can reduce the levels of vehicle exhaust emissions. The purpose of this study is to see the effect of the use of the Hydrocarbon Crack System (HCS) on the performance and content of the resulting exhaust emissions. Based on the research results, it was found that the use of HCS on a Honda Supra X 125 motorcycle could reduce CO gas emissions by 40%. For HC gas emissions, the use of HCS can reduce HC gas emissions by 37%, while for CO2 exhaust emissions, the use of HCS can increase CO2 emissions by 12.98%.

Download Full-text

Control of Exhaust Emissions Using Piston Coating on Two-StrokeSI Engines with Gasoline Blends

Journal of Engineering Sciences ◽

10.21272/jes.2021.8(1).h3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. H16-H20

Author(s):

A.V.N.S. Kiran ◽

B. Ramanjaneyulu ◽

M. Lokanath M. ◽

S. Nagendra ◽

G.E. Balachander

Keyword(s):

Fuel Consumption ◽

Thermal Efficiency ◽

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Engine Performance ◽

Exhaust Emissions ◽

Specific Fuel Consumption ◽

Thermal Barrier ◽

Piston Crown ◽

Barrier Coating

An increase in fuel utilization to internal combustion engines, variation in gasoline price, reduction of the fossil fuels and natural resources, needs less carbon content in fuel to find an alternative fuel. This paper presents a comparative study of various gasoline blends in a single-cylinder two-stroke SI engine. The present experimental investigation with gasoline blends of butanol and propanol and magnesium partially stabilized zirconium (Mg-PSZ) as thermal barrier coating on piston crown of 100 µm. The samples of gasoline blends were blended with petrol in 1:4 ratios: 20 % of butanol and 80 % of gasoline; 20 % of propanol and 80 % of gasoline. In this work, the following engine characteristics of brake thermal efficiency (BTH), specific fuel consumption (SFC), HC, and CO emissions were measured for both coated and non-coated pistons. Experiments have shown that the thermal efficiency is increased by 2.2 % at P20. The specific fuel consumption is minimized by 2.2 % at P20. Exhaust emissions are minimized by 2.0 % of HC and 2.4 % of CO at B20. The results strongly indicate that the combination of thermal barrier coatings and gasoline blends can improve engine performance and reduce exhaust emissions.

Download Full-text

OPTIMALISASI COMPOSIT ABSORBER PADA MUFFLER UNTUK MENURUNKAN KADAR EMISI GAS BUANG MOTOR BENSIN

Jurnal Energi dan Teknologi Manufaktur (JETM) ◽

10.33795/jetm.v2i01.33 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (01) ◽

pp. 13-22

Author(s):

Listiyono Yono Listiyono ◽

Bambang Irawan ◽

Agus Hardjito

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Composite Material ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Combustion Process ◽

Motor Fuel ◽

Carbon Composite ◽

Optimal Composition ◽

Vehicle Exhaust ◽

Pollution Problem

The problem of air pollution caused by burning of fossil fuels and the process of combustion is increase. Many efforts. has done to reduce the air pollution problem. Starting from the combustion process to give equipment as reduce gass emissions and raise the quality of burning, but the ari pollution is still high, especially the burning gasoline of motor fuel Air pollution a motor vehicle exhaust gases come from the rest of the results of the combustion of fuel that do not be unraveled or burning with perfect. Bad gass emissions caused by incomplete combustion of fuel in the fuel chamber. Element contained in the exhaust gasses are CO, NO2, HC, C, H2, CO2, H2O dan N2, The CO and CO2 gasses is the most radical among the others. The CO gass is poisonous, if a men inhale this gas can caused death. While the CO2 gass is a radical gass who can cause the greenhouse effect. The aims of this research are : 1 to understand the effect of carbon composite material, lime and glue towards reductions in emission of motor vehicle . 2. to find out the optimal composition of composite material to reducing the emission level of motor vehicle.The study and research in order to reduce gas emissions until now have done using installation catalyst on muffler. In this research, the mixed of absorption exhaust gas is observed. Especially the poisonous gas. The mixture material is made from carbon, lime and glue. And then installed on muffler filter. A mixture is made by comparation varied. Using minitab software for analyse and the conclusions are: 1. The addition of absorben composition between carbon (C) with lime (CaO) on exhaust can reduce the level of gass emission. 2. The most optimal composition absorben C and CaO in absorption and produce the lowest C and CO2 gass is C and CaO with comparison ratio is 30 %: 70 %

Download Full-text

Air Environmental Impact Research of Urban Traffic Development – A Case Study

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.113-116.854 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 113-116 ◽

pp. 854-858

Author(s):

Qing Song Wang ◽

Xue Liang Yuan ◽

Chun Yuan Ma

Keyword(s):

Motor Vehicle ◽

Exhaust Emissions ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Urban Traffic ◽

Motor Vehicles ◽

Urban Air ◽

Vehicle Exhaust ◽

Air Pollutions ◽

Speed Up ◽

Pm2.5 And Pm10

With the speed-up of urbanization, the number of motor vehicles has increased rapidly, which is the main urban air pollutant source because of too much emitted exhaust gas. Based on the motor vehicle exhaust emissions in Shandong Province in 2006, using trend extrapolation and scenario analysis, predict the motor vehicle exhaust emissions for future planning. The results show that the motor vehicles in 2015and 2020 are 27.52 million and 34.53 million, which is 1.9times and 2.38 times of the motor vehicles in 2006, respectively. For the specific air pollutants from motor vehicles exhaust in 2020, SO2, NOx, PM2.5 and PM10 will reach 28.4 thousand tons, 356.7 thousand tons, 10.8 thousand tons and 12.2 thousand tons, which will be 3 times, 1.2 times, 5 times and 5 times of the emissions in 2006. The urban air pollutions caused by motor vehicles exhaust will be very serious.

Download Full-text

Ecological Impact of Changes in Transport Organisation in Martin with Using Transport-Planning Software

Transport and Communications ◽

10.26552/tac.c.2018.2.4 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 16-19

Author(s):

Ján Palúch ◽

◽

Kristián Čulík ◽

František Synák ◽

Juraj Hammer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fuel Consumption ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Ecological Impact ◽

The State ◽

Motor Vehicles ◽

Traffic Network ◽

Transport Networks ◽

Transport Planning ◽

Traffic Jams ◽

Planning Software

Using motor vehicles, which uses fossil fuels, is connected with emissions. The main goal of cities, towns and also of the state is to keep these emissions as low as possible. Vehicles move on a traffic network where they are forced to accelerate and decelerate due to various impacts. Junctions and traffic jams are examples of these impacts. An important task is to build transport networks and junctions where vehicles can cross the junction as quickly as possible without unnecessary delay and a significant change in speed. This can contribute to lower vehicle fuel consumption and thus lower emissions.

Download Full-text

PENGGUNAAN HYDRO-CRACK SYSTEM SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KINERJA MESIN

ROTOR ◽

10.19184/rotor.v11i2.9323 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Winoko Agus Yuniarto ◽

Hertomo Bambang ◽

Nurhadi Nurhadi

Keyword(s):

Fuel Consumption ◽

Combustion Process ◽

Engine Performance ◽

Exhaust Emissions ◽

Constant Speed ◽

Graphical Form ◽

Average Pressure ◽

Effective Pressure ◽

Power Increase ◽

Crack System

The use of hydro-crack systems in combustion motors in addition to functioning to improve exhaust emissions and improve engine performance through the combustion process. Perfect combustion can be adjusted during the combustion process. The purpose of the study was to determine the select magnitude of power increase, decrease fuel consumption and increase the average effective pressure and rotation of the use of 92 octane fuel without HCS. The method of testing engine performance in obtaining data is constant speed (v boarding) based on ISO 1585. Subsequent data signifies presented in a graphical form which is then calculated by statistics. Power increased 2.83hP and bmep 43.19kPa at 4000rpm, sfc dropped 0.0358kg / hP. Hours at 1000rpm and rose by 43.19kPa, when using 92 octane fuel against the standard. When using octane 95 with HCS the power rises 7.95hP at 4000rpm, buys 28.42 kPa when 4500 and sfc drop 0.0537kg / hp. Hours at 1000rpm Keywords: power, fuel consumption, effective average pressure, octane value, hydro-crack system

Download Full-text

Strategi Penurunan Emisi Gas Buang Kendaraan Di Kota Padang

Jurnal Kebijakan Pembangunan ◽

10.47441/jkp.v15i1.34 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Momon Momon ◽

Dwi Astuti

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Public Transportation ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Exhaust Emissions ◽

Motor Vehicles ◽

Fuel Gas ◽

Transportation Development ◽

Quantitative Descriptive ◽

Motorized Vehicles ◽

The City

The number of motorized vehicles in the city of Padang increased 6.8% every year in the last 4 years. This increase has a direct impact on fuel consumption and exhaust emissions released. The purpose of this research is to calculate the exhaust emissions of motor vehicles and develop strategies to reduce exhaust emissions. The approach used in this research is a quantitative descriptive approach. The data used in the form of secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency and the Department of Transportation of the City of Padang. The strategy is based on the Climate Change Sectoral Roadmap (ICCSR) with 3 (three) main strategies namely Avoid, Shift, Improve. The results showed the emission emission of motor vehicles 3,450.49 Ton CO2 Eq. To reduce exhaust emissions, the strategies that must be carried out include the Development of Satellite Cities, Transportation Development, Mass / Trans Padang, and Rejuvenation of Public Transportation. Keyword: Motorized Vehicles, Fuel Gas Emissions, Padang City Abstrak Jumlah kendaraan bermotor di Kota Padang meningkat 6,8% setiap tahun dalam kurun 4 tahun terakhir. Peningkatan ini berdampak langsung terhadap konsumsi bahan bakar dan emisi gas buang yang dikeluarkan. Tujuan penelitian ini menghitung emisi gas buang kendaraan bermotor dan menyusun strategi penurunan emisi gas buang. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan berupa data sekunder yang didapatkan dari Badan Pusat Statistik dan Dinas Perhubungan Kota Padang. Strategi disusun berdasarkan Climate Change Sectoral Roadmap (ICCSR) dengan 3 (tiga) strategi utama yakni Avoid (hindari), Shift (alihkan), Improve (tingkatkan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan emisi gas buang kendaraan bermotor 3,450.49 Ton CO2 Eq. Untuk menurunkan emisi gas buang, maka strategi yang harus dilakukan antara lain membangun kota-kota satelit yang dilengkapi pelayanan dasar dan tempat-tempat komersil (pengembangan kota Satelit), perpindahan dari angkutan pribadi ke angkutan massal (Trans Padang), dan peremajaan angkutan umum melalui mekanisme subsidi umum. Kata Kunci: Kendaraan Bermotor, Emisi Gas Buang, Kota Padang

Download Full-text

Legal Crime Investigation Cases of Oil And Gas Transportation (BBM) in Polres Purworejo

Jurnal Daulat Hukum ◽

10.30659/jdh.v1i3.3382 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 719

Author(s):

Khusen Martono ◽

Gunarto Gunarto

Keyword(s):

Fossil Fuels ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Legal Aspects ◽

Fuel Oil ◽

Motor Vehicles ◽

Applicable Law ◽

Fuel Supply ◽

Filling Station ◽

Gas Station ◽

Oil Fuel

The development of motor vehicles in Indonesia, particularly the development of two-wheel motor vehicles makes the supply of fossil fuels is increasing. The high fuel makes the fuel supply to the higher regions of Pertamina. Pertamina fuel supply in this area through a gas station (Fuel Filling Station General). This gas station into a formal point or an agent authorized to distribute fuel Pertamina to society. Criminal act of transporting fuel oil / fuel are subject to review of some aspects of the law to obtain justice. During these criminal cases haulage fuel seek of formal legal aspects applicable law, but a criminal act can not be seen from one side, but from some vantage as regional aspects and the economic aspects. The principle of legal justice that offers solutions to the public should be considered, although there is a violation of rules that apply in this transport process. Legal clash between the needs of society with Section 53 letters b and d of Republic Act number 22 of 2001 on oil and gas must have an alternative way out of sync between a solution and the rule of law.Keywords: BBM; Criminal; Justice; Law.

Download Full-text

KEMAMPUAN Ca(OHh MENURUNKAN KADARS02 PADA EMISI GAS BUANG MOTOR DIESEL

GEMA LINGKUNGAN KESEHATAN ◽

10.36568/kesling.v12i1.53 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Merlita Novia Veronica ◽

S B Ekowarno ◽

Rachmaniyah .

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Acid Rain ◽

Diesel Engines ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Exhaust Emissions ◽

Motor Vehicles ◽

Major Constituent ◽

Vehicle Exhaust ◽

Lime Water ◽

The Many

Sulfur dioxide is a major constituent of exhaust gas generated by diesel engines. The mainimpact of SOx (S02 and S03) contaminant is the generation of very sharp odor, the eventualoccurrence of corrosive acid rain, where as to humans such contaminants may cause irritation to eyes,skin and repiratory systems, and may prove to b~ fatal.The final produeNtf chemical reaction, H2S04 may cause corrosiveness, acid rain, and irritationto the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract, and may even be fatal, therefore it is deemed necessary toinitiate control of exhaust emissions from diesel engines. One of the many methods is the use of asaturated solution of lime water (CaOH2)as absorbent to reduce the said emissions.The purpose of this study was to determine the capacity of a saturated aqueous solution of limeor Ca (OH) 2 in lowering the levels of S02 in the flue gas emission from diesel engines (mobilesources).This is a pre-experimental study using One Group Pre-PostTest Design, this study was carriedout by conducting measurements on 6 samples of diesel engine exhaust emissions where 2 (two)measurements were done before and 4 (four) samples after passing through saturated lime waterabsorbent (CaOH2). Duration of sampling ranged between 20 -25 minutes.The results indicated the average levels of SOx before passing through saturated lime water(CaOH2) was 117,355 mg/m3 and the mean level of S02 after passing through a saturated lime waterwas 79,90 mg/m3. There was a decline in the average levels of S02 at a value of 37,455 mgr/m3 orby 31,90%This study concluded, that the lime water (CaOH2)solution was able to reduce the level of S02in exhaust emissions of a diesel engines by 37,455 mgr/m3 or 31,90%.It is suggested to owners of diesel engine motor vehicles to always perform proper maintenanceof their vehicles, and citizens (especially those living on the outskirt of a highway), in order to helppreserving the environment, are expected to plant trees and various other plants that can absorbcontaminants or can be used as indicators of pollution by motor vehicle exhaust emissions. The studyalso recommended to study other kinds of pollutant gase

Download Full-text