scholarly journals Effect Balance of Bokashi and Inorganic Fertilizer on Growth, Simplicia Yield, and Content Of Sinensetin of Kumis Kucing (Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Yoviana Erdhika Adiarti ◽  
Bambang Pujiasmanto ◽  
Widyatmani Sih Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Dose Recommendation ◽  
Recommended Dosage ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendations ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Growth Differences ◽  
Goat Manure

<p>Growth potential, simplicia yields, and secondary metabolites of sinensetin varieties kumis kucing can be increased through fertilization management. The aim of this research was to examine the effect balance of bokashi and inorganic fertilizer on growth, simplicia yields and secondary metabolites of sinensetin kumis kucing varieties. The design of research was a split-plot field experiment, with the main plot were varieties (Orsina 1 and Orsina 2) and subplots in bokashi fertilization of goat manure (control, bokashi 15 tons ha<sup>-1</sup>, bokashi 15 tons ha<sup>-1</sup> + 100% inorganic fertilizer dose recommendation, bokashi 15 tons ha<sup>-1</sup> + 50% recommended dosage of inorganic fertilizer and 100% recommended inorganic fertilizer). Inorganic fertilizer recommendations consist of Urea 100 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>, SP36 200 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>, and KCl 100 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>. The results showed that the use of bokashi 15 tons ha<sup>-1</sup> + 50% inorganic fertilizer increased growth. Besides it also produced the highest simplicia of 48.57 g plant<sup>-1</sup> and the highest secondary metabolite of 0.045% plant<sup>-1</sup> in Orsina 1. Both kumis kucing varieties did not show growth differences and yields. Bokashi fertilizer can reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers in the growth and simplicia yields and potentially increase sinensetin of kumis kucing.</p>

scholarly journals Critical time for weed removal in dicamba tolerant soybean as influenced by pre emergence herbicides

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Darko Jovanović ◽  
Ivan Cuvaca ◽  
Jon Scott ◽  
Stevan Knežević
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Critical Time ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Plot Design ◽  
Weed Removal

Field experiment was conducted in 2019 at Haskell Agriculture Laboratory, Concord, NE, USA. Goal of the study was to test the influence of PRE-EM herbicides on the Critical Time for Weed Removal (CTWR) in dicamba-tolerant soybean. The study was arranged in a split-plot design which consisted of four herbicide regimes as main plot treatments and seven weed removal timings as subplot treatments, with four replications. The herbicide regimes included: (1) no PRE and glyphosate, (2) acetochlor and dicamba as PRE and glyphosate as POST, (3) acetochlor and dicamba as PRE and glyphosate and dicamba as POST, and (4) acetochlor and fomesafen as PRE and acetochlor, glyphosate and dicamba as POST. The five weed removal times included the V1, V3, V6, R2 and R5, and there were also weedy and weed-free season long plots. By utilizing herbicide regimes, the CTWR was delayed to 632 GDD (until V4 soybean growth stage, 28 days after emergence) for acetochlor and dicamba as PRE and glyphosate as POST, 861 GDD (until V6 soybean growth stage, 32 days after emergence) for acetochlor and dicamba as PRE and glyphosate and dicamba as POST, and 1060 GDD (until R1 soybean growth stage, 42 days after emergence) for acetochlor and fomesafen as PRE and acetochlor, glyphosate and dicamba as POST.

scholarly journals Respon Pertumbuhan Tanaman Cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. Perr.) dengan Aplikasi Pupuk Organik-Anorganik dan Triakontanol

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-332
Author(s):  
Syahdin Launuru ◽  
Ade Wachjar ◽  
Dan Ani Kurniawati
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Recommended Dosage ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Two Factors

Application of right dosage of fertilizer and concentration of plant growth regulator are supporting factor of clove growth. This study was aimed to obtain the best combination of organic-inorganic fertilizer, the best triacontanol concentration and both interactions for increasing clove growth. This study used a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two factors. The first factor was the organic-inorganic fertilizer dosage package that consisted of 6 levels, i.e no fertilizer, 100% recommended dosage of inorganic fertilizer (r.d.i.f), 25% recommended dosage of organic fertilizer (r.d.o.f) + 75% r.d.i.f, 50% r.d.o.f + 50% r.d.i.f, 75% r.d.o.f + 25% r.d.i.f, 100% r.d.o.f. The second factor was the concentration of triacontanol that consisted of 3 levels, i.e no triacontanol, 2 mg L-1 and 4 mg L-1. The results showed that the application of 25% r.d.o.f + 75% r.d.i.f produced the best clove growth, but it was not significantly different from the combination treatment of the two other types of fertilizer as indicated by the greatest improvement on stem diameter, branches number, leaf area, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids. Clove plants did not respond to the application of triacontanol at a concentration of 2 mg L-1, but gave a negative response to the application of triacontanol 4 mg L-1 on the plant height and leaf area variables. The interaction of the two factors did not have significant effects on all variables. Keywords: chlorophyll, morphology, nutrient dynamics, physiology, vegetative growth  

Response of rice varieties to different sowing windows under Konkan conditions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. N. Jagtap ◽  
U. V. Mahadkar ◽  
S. A. Chavan
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Plot Design

A field experiment was conducted during kharif season 2015-16 to study the response of rice varieties to different sowing windows under Konkan conditions. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. The main plot treatments were three sowing windows, viz., 23rd Met Week, 24th Met Week, 25thMet Week. The sub plot treatments comprised five rice varietiesviz., Karjat-5, Palghar-1, Jaya, Swarna and Karjat-2. Thus there were 45 treatment combinations. Results revealed that rice crop sown on 23rd Met. Week recorded significantly higher grain yield (5782 kg ha-1) and straw yield (6462 kg ha-1). Long duration rice variety Swarna recorded the maximum grain yield (5782 kg ha-1) as well as straw yield (6462 kg ha-1), which was significantly higher over all other varieties under study except variety Jaya which was at par. From the present investigation it can be concluded that kharif rice in Konkan be sown during 23rd meteorological week with rice variety Swarna followed by conventional variety Jaya, so as to obtain higher yield and economic returns

Early measures of basal area and canker disease predict growth potential of some hybrid poplar clones

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1113-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda H. Lo ◽  
Lawrence P. Abrahamson ◽  
Edwin H. White ◽  
Paul D. Manion
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Hybrid Poplar ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Canker Disease ◽  
Percent Survival ◽  
Poplar Clones ◽  
Growth Differences ◽  
Stem Cankers

Differences in percent survival, canker disease rating, and basal area (m2•ha−1) were quantified for a plantation of 54 hybrid poplar clones in northern New York at ages 3 and 9 years to test the hypothesis that early growth and canker incidence indicate future growth. Differences in growth and canker severity between clones with similar parentage were assessed. Five of the seven clones, which exhibited high basal areas and low disease ratings at 3 years of age, maintained their growth potential at 9 years of age. Four of the five clones, which had 0% survival at 9 years of age, had low basal areas at 3 years of age. The growth potential of the remaining clones was not accurately predicted based on early measures of growth and disease incidence. Variation in basal area and canker rating among clones within the same parentage group made it impossible to use parentage as a predictor of growth potential. Correlations among canker rating and basal area and percent survival increased over time, suggesting that impacts of canker disease became more significant with age. Septoriamusiva Peck was suspected to be the primary cause of stem cankers, but isolations revealed the presence of many fungi.

scholarly journals PENGARUH TINGGI MUKA AIR SALURAN DRAINASE, PUPUK, DAN AMELIORAN TERHADAP EMISI CO 2 PADA PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT DI LAHAN GAMBUT

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
AI DARIAH ◽  
JUBAEDAH JUBAEDAH ◽  
WAHYUNTO WAHYUNTO ◽  
JOKO PITONO
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendations ◽  
Intensive Use ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Plot Design

<p>ABSTRAK<br />Drainase yang berlebihan dan penggunaan pupuk yang intensif<br />diduga menjadi penyebab tingginya emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK) pada<br />perkebunan kelapa sawit di lahan gambut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk<br />mempelajari pengaruh tinggi muka air (TMA) saluran drainase, pupuk,<br />serta amelioran terhadap emisi CO 2  dari perkebunan kelapa sawit di lahan<br />gambut. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Januari 2010 sampai dengan<br />Desember 2011, pada perkebunan sawit di lahan gambut, di Kecamatan<br />Siak Kecil, Kabupaten Bengkalis, Riau, menggunakan rancangan petak<br />terpisah, tiga ulangan. Petak utama adalah TMA saluran drainase (40, 60,<br />dan 80 cm). Anak petak adalah pupuk dan amelioran: (1) dolomit 3<br />kg/pohon/tahun; (2) Pugam 10 kg/pohon/tahun; (3) Pupuk dosis<br />rekomendasi (2,5 kg urea+2,75 kg SP-36+2,25 kg KCl+dolomit 2<br />kg)/pohon/tahun; (4) Pupuk 75% dosis rekomendasi pukan 20<br />kg/pohon/tahun; (5) Pupuk 75% dosis rekomendasi Pugam 2,5 kg/pohon.<br />Parameter yang diamati adalah fluks CO 2 . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan<br />bahwa pada TMA drainase 80 cm, perlakuan dolomit menghasilkan fluks<br />CO 2 nyata paling tinggi (142,1 t/ha/tahun) dan terendah (44,5 t/ha/tahun)<br />dicapai perlakuan pugam. Fluks CO 2 yang tinggi (130,6 t/ha/tahun) juga<br />dicapai perlakuan pupuk dosis rekomendasi, khususnya pada TMA 40 cm.<br />Pada musim kemarau TMA drainase berpengaruh nyata terhadap fluks<br />CO 2 , terendah dicapai TMA 40 cm. Oleh karena itu, untuk meminimalkan<br />emisi gas CO 2 , maka TMA drainase perlu dipertahankan sedangkal<br />mungkin (sekitar 40 cm) selama tidak menurunkan produksi kelapa sawit.<br />Amelioran dengan bahan aktif kation polyvalen berpotensi dapat menekan<br />emisi GRK dari lahan gambut yang dikelola secara intensif.<br />Kata kunci: amelioran, emisi, drainase, gambut, kelapa sawit, pupuk</p><p>ABSTRACT<br />Excessive drainage and intensive use of fertilizers thought to be<br />the cause of high greenhouse gas emissions in peatland under oil palm<br />plantations. The study aimed at measuring the influence of water level<br />drainage (WLD), fertilizer, and ameliorant on CO 2 emissions from oil<br />palm plantations on peatland. The study was conducted from January<br />2010 to December 2011, at oil palm plantation on peatland, located in Siak<br />Kecil District, Bengkalis Regency, Riau, using split plot design, with three<br />replications. The main plot were WLD (40, 60, and 80 cm), as sub plots<br />were fertilizer and amelioran: (1) dolomite 3 kg/tree/year; (2) peat<br />fertilizer 10 kg/tree/year; (3) dose of fertilizer recommendations (2,5 kg<br />urea+2,75 kg SP-36+2,25 kg KCl+dolomite 2 kg)/tree/year; (4) 75% dose<br />of fertilizer recommendations + manure 20 kg/tree/year; (5) 75% dose of<br />fertilizer recommendations + peat fertilizer 2.5 kg/tree/year. Parameter<br />observed was CO 2 flux. The result showed that at WLD 80 cm, dolomite<br />treatment resulted the highest (142,1 t/ha/year) and the lowest CO 2  flux<br />(44,5 t/ha/year) resulted by peat fertilizer. The highest CO 2 flux also<br />reached by fertilizer recommendations treatment, particularly on WLD 40<br />cm. In dry season WLD significantly effect on CO 2 flux. The lowest<br />reached by WLD 40 cm. Based on that the WLD needs to be maintained<br />in a state of shallow (approximately 40 cm), without lowering production.<br />The use of fertilizer containing ameliorant with the polyvalen cation as<br />active material, potentially suppress the rate of greenhouse gas emissions<br />from peatlands are managed intensively.<br />Key words: ameliorant, emission, drainage, peatland, oil palm, , fertilizer</p>

scholarly journals The Effectiveness Of Pre-Planting Seeds Bio-Matriconditioning And Application Of Fertilization With Leisa Technique On Growth Of Areca Nut Seedling (Areca Catechu L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 2053-2060
Author(s):  
Gusti Ayu Kade Sutariati ◽  
Muhidin ◽  
Nini Mila Rahni ◽  
Gusti Ngurah Adi Wibawa ◽  
La Mudi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Areca Nut ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Areca nut is widely used as industrial raw material, both for health and cosmetics and as a source of renewable energy. This study aimed to examine the combination of seed bombatriconditioning and LEISA fertilization treatments that were effective in increasing the growth of areca nut seedlings. The research was carried out in the Wua-Wua Kendari Village, from March to July 2021. The study used a split-plot design with a completely randomized design (CRD). The main plot is seed biomatriconditioning treatment which consists of 3 treatments. While the subplots were fertilized with the LEISA technique which consisted of 6 treatments so that 18 treatment combinations were obtained with 3 replications. Observations were made on plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, number of roots, wet weight and dry weight of shoot. Observational data were analyzed using analysis of variance, followed by the DMRT α0.05 if there was a significant effect. The results showed that seed biomatriconditioning treatment with rhizobacteria integrated with the LEISA technique was able to increase the growth of areca nut seedlings. The integration between L1R biomatriconditioning and the application of organic plus fertilizer + 100% inorganic fertilizer showed a better growth performance of areca nut on plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, number of roots, wet weight and dry weight of betel nut which were significantly different with control and application 100% inorganic fertilizer, but not significantly different from organic plus fertilizer, organic plus fertilizer + 50% inorganic fertilizer and organic plus fertilizer + 25% inorganic fertilizer. As a conclusion, pre-planting seed treatment with L1R biomatriconditioning is very important to increase areca nut seed germination. To increase the growth of areca nut seedlings, further fertilization needs to be done with organic plus fertilizer or a combination of organic plus fertilizer + 25% inorganic fertilizer.

scholarly journals Crop productivity and nutrient uptake of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) as influenced by integrated nutrient management

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Shamsun Naher ◽  
AHF Fahim ◽  
MA Wadud
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Integrated Nutrient Management ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum ◽  
Stover Yield ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum L

A field experiment was carried out at Spices Research Centre, Shibgonj, Bogra during two consecutive years, 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 to evaluate the response of integrated nutrient management on nutrient uptake, protein content and seed yield of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) var. BARI Fenugreek-2. The field experiment was conducted in combination with inorganic fertilizer and organic manure. The result showed that the treatment T7 compeises application of PM @ 4 t ha-1 + CF (IPNS) produced the maximum seed yield (2.1 t ha-1) but statistically identical to T8 (VC @ 3 t ha-1 + CF (IPNS) and T6 (CD 5 @ ha-1 + CF (IPNS). In case of stover yield, the treatment T7 produced the highest yield (4.89 t ha-1). The grain yield was increased over control and ranged between 65.85 to 156.10 %.The treatments T7 and T8 resulted in higher nutrient use efficiency along with higher N, P, K and S uptake by the plant. The application of inorganic fertilizer along with manure influenced the nutrient concentration in fenugreek seed and stover yield. The higher seed with N, P, K and S concentrations were observed in the treatments where poultry manure @ 4 t ha-1 applied in combination with chemical fertilizers. The combined application of fertilizer and organic manure increased the organic carbon (OC %), organic matter (OM %), total N, available P and available S in post harvest soils. The findings indicate that the integrated use of inorganic fertilizer and organic manure should be encouraged to improvement the deteriorating soil fertility and increased crop yield of fenugreek.SAARC J. Agri., 14(1): 71-79 (2016)

scholarly journals Influence of Niche-Specific Nutrients on Secondary Metabolism in Vibrionaceae

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (13) ◽  
pp. 4035-4044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Giubergia ◽  
Christopher Phippen ◽  
Charlotte H. Gotfredsen ◽  
Kristian Fog Nielsen ◽  
Lone Gram
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Metabolism ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Antibacterial Compounds ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACTMany factors, such as the substrate and the growth phase, influence biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in microorganisms. Therefore, it is crucial to consider these factors when establishing a bioprospecting strategy. Mimicking the conditions of the natural environment has been suggested as a means of inducing or influencing microbial secondary metabolite production. The purpose of the present study was to determine how the bioactivity ofVibrionaceaewas influenced by carbon sources typical of their natural environment. We determined how mannose and chitin, compared to glucose, influenced the antibacterial activity of a collection ofVibrionaceaestrains isolated because of their ability to produce antibacterial compounds but that in subsequent screenings seemed to have lost this ability. The numbers of bioactive isolates were 2- and 3.5-fold higher when strains were grown on mannose and chitin, respectively, than on glucose. As secondary metabolites are typically produced during late growth, potential producers were also allowed 1 to 2 days of growth before exposure to the pathogen. This strategy led to a 3-fold increase in the number of bioactive strains on glucose and an 8-fold increase on both chitin and mannose. We selected two bioactive strains belonging to species for which antibacterial activity had not previously been identified. Using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry and bioassay-guided fractionation, we found that the siderophore fluvibactin was responsible for the antibacterial activity ofVibrio furnissiiandVibrio fluvialis. These results suggest a role of chitin in the regulation of secondary metabolism in vibrios and demonstrate that considering bacterial ecophysiology during development of screening strategies will facilitate bioprospecting.IMPORTANCEA challenge in microbial natural product discovery is the elicitation of the biosynthetic gene clusters that are silent when microorganisms are grown under standard laboratory conditions. We hypothesized that, since the clusters are not lost during proliferation in the natural niche of the microorganisms, they must, under such conditions, be functional. Here, we demonstrate that an ecology-based approach in which the producer organism is allowed a temporal advantage and where growth conditions are mimicking the natural niche remarkably increases the number ofVibrionaceaestrains producing antibacterial compounds.

Regulation of muscle protein metabolism in sheep and lambs: nutritional, endocrine and genetic aspects

1993 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 901 ◽  
Author(s):  
VH Oddy
Keyword(s):  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Muscle Protein Metabolism ◽  
Growth Differences ◽  
Arteriovenous Difference ◽  
Synthesis And Degradation

Muscle protein accretion, as with the body in general, increases with feed intake. Protein balance across hind limb muscles occurs at energy intakes less than energy balance in the animal as a whole. There is considerable between-sheep variation in muscle protein accretion, and in the relative rates of protein synthesis and degradation, which are in part due to inherent differences in growth potential. Lambs selected for high weight at weaning deposit proportionately more nitrogen in the body than those selected for low weight at weaning. Inherently faster growing lambs have lower rates of protein breakdown in muscle and whole body than those which exhibit slower growth. Differences in sensitivity to insulin and plasma concentration of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) indicate that the inherent differences in growth are associated with differences in responsiveness of muscle to hormones, and possible direct effects of IGF-1. Arteriovenous difference methodology, and isotope dilution, have been important tools in improving our understanding of the regulation of muscle protein metabolism.

scholarly journals Discontinuity in Growth Potential of Jack Pine in Ontario: A 20-Year Provenance Assessment

1979 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Skeates
Keyword(s):  
Jack Pine ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Growth Differences ◽  
Intensive Sampling

The province of Ontario is divided into three major jack pine populations as a result of grouping 12 seed sources on the basis of growth characteristics, 20 years from sowing. Migration following glaciation is postulated as a cause of population differentiation.Growth of trees from the 12 stands was positively but weakly correlated with growing degree days. However some northern sources flourished in southern plantations. Consistent growth differences were found between some geographically close sources, justifying further, more intensive sampling to identify the most productive sources of seed for each of the major areas of jack pine silvicultural activity in the province.

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