scholarly journals Molecular-Genetic Monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 Genovariants in the Territory of the Volga Federal District of the Russian Federation. Communication 1

2021 ◽  
pp. 122-127
Author(s):  
N. A. Osina ◽  
Ya. M. Krasnov ◽  
N. P. Guseva ◽  
E. G. Boolgakova ◽  
I. V. Domanina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Genetic Monitoring ◽  
Antigenic Structure ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Sequencing Method ◽  
The Russian Federation

Emergence of various genovariants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which are characterized by a higher ability to spread and a more severe clinical manifestations compared to the initial variants, require molecular-genetic monitoring of strains circulating in the Russian Federation.The aim of the work was to identify the VOC SARS-CoV-2 genovariants in the territory of the Republics of Bashkortostan, Tatarstan, Udmurtia, and Samara, Penza, Saratov, Ulyanovsk, and Orenburg Regions.Materials and methods. The identification of genovariants and the determination of the type of mutations was carried out by the Sanger fragment sequencing method.Results and discussion. The study examined 298 samples of clinical material obtained from the Centers for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Republics of Bashkortostan, Tatarstan, Udmurtia, Samara, Penza, Saratov, Ulyanovsk, and Orenburg Regions. In 17 % of cases, the variability of the SARS-CoV-2 virus was observed for one or more markers: in three samples, a new coronavirus of the B. 1.1.7 line (“British”) was detected; in a number of cases, only one mutation was detected in the virus found in samples – deletion Y144 or substitution D138Y, E484K, N501Y, and very rarely two mutations – deletion Y144 and substitution E484K. The presence of the L141-G142-V143 deletion localized in the recurrent deletion region RDR2 of the S-gene was shown in 10 % of the cases. The data obtained indicate the heterogeneity in macroorganism of the population of the new coronavirus with the deletion L141-G142-V143, which leads to a change in the antigenic structure of the virus, which probably allows the virus to evade the immune response.

scholarly journals State-of-the-art molecular genetic techniques in surveillance over intensity of enterovirus infection epidemic process in some constituent entities of the Siberian Federal District of the Russian Federation

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
E.Yu. Sapega ◽  
L.V. Butakova ◽  
Trotsenko ◽  
Lapa ◽  
Perezhogin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Enterovirus Infection ◽  
Siberian Federal District ◽  
Epidemic Process ◽  
Epidemiologic Surveillance ◽  
The Russian Federation

Background. Enterovirus infection is widely spread around the world. It has different epidemiologic and clinical manifestations. However, to date, the amount of accumulated information on the epidemic process of enterovirus infection in different constituent entities of the Siberian Federal district of the Russian Federation is insufficient. Objectives. Our objectives were to investigate characteristics of the enterovirus infection epidemic process in Siberian constituent entities subjected to surveillance using the innovative molecular genetic analysis. Materials and methods. The analysis of long-term enterovirus infection incidence in the investigated constituent entities of Siberia was performed. The total number of 237 enterovirus strains circulating during 2017-2018 epidemic seasons in the analyzed regions were isolated using sequencing technique. A phylogenetic analysis of the obtained nucleotide sequences was performed. Results. The epidemiologic situation related to enterovirus infection was unfavorable in the majority of the Siberian constituent entities in the past two years. A significant increase in incidence rates was registered in the Irkutsk Region, Zabaykalsky Krai and Altai Republic. We distinguished major manifestations of the enterovirus infection epidemic process including a years-long excess of the national average and a rising trend in the annual incidence rate, prevalence of herpangina, exanthema and enterovirus meningitis in the clinical course of the disease among children aged 3–6. Prevalence of Coxsackievirus A-6 and Coxsackievirus A-9 in the landscape of circulation was revealed in a number of Siberian regions. Group incidence and imported cases were also registered. Discussion. Our results demonstrated the importance of molecular genetic monitoring of circulating enteroviruses as part of the epidemiologic surveillance. This state-of-the-art approach can reveal potential epidemiologic links between cases of the disease.

Molecular Epidemiological Monitoring of Circulation of Coxsackievirus A10

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
LN Golitsyna ◽  
VV Zverev ◽  
NV Ponomareva ◽  
NI Romanenkova ◽  
Thao Thanh Thi Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Molecular Monitoring ◽  
South Vietnam ◽  
Epidemiological Monitoring ◽  
The Russian Federation

Background: Coxsackievirus A10 (CV-A10) is currently one of the most common etiological agents of enterovirus infection (EVI). Over the past decade, severe and fatal cases of CV-A10 infection have become more frequent while clinical manifestations of the disease are similar to those of Enterovirus A71 infection. The objective of our study was to characterize circulation of Coxsackievirus A10 in the Russian Federation in 2008–2019 and to study the phylogenetic relationships of strains isolated in Russia and Vietnam. Materials and methods: In 2008–2019, 220 CV-A10 strains were isolated from patients with various clinical manifestations of EVI and from sewage water samples taken in the Russian Federation and then studied using molecular genetic methods. In addition to that, we analyzed 26 CV-A10 strains isolated from patients with hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) and acute flaccid paralysis in South Vietnam in 2018–2019. Results: We established a two-year periodicity of CV-A10 active circulation in Russia. In the structure of clinical forms of CV-A10 infection, herpetic angina prevailed (30.8 %), followed by minor illness (25.25 %), respiratory diseases (15.66 %), exanthema (14.65 %), gastrointestinal disorders (8.08 %), and asymptomatic infections (2.02 %). Symptoms of CNS damage (meningitis, meningoencephalitis) were observed in 3.53 % of cases. Most CV-A10 strains from Vietnam were isolated from patients with CNS affection of varying degrees of severity. During the study period, CV-A10 strains of genotypes C, E, and F3 circulated in the territory of the Russian Federation whereas the strains from South Vietnam were represented by genotypes F3 and F1. The studied strains showed a genetic relationship with those of CV-A10 circulating in different countries. Vietnamese and some Russian strains of the F3 genotype were genetically close to the strains isolated from severe cases. Conclusions: Molecular monitoring of CV-A10 circulation is an important component of the global epidemiological surveillance of EVI.

Problems of updating the cadaster of stationary anthrax-unfavorable points of the Far Eastern Federal District of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Zorigma Fedorovna Dugarzhapova ◽  
Elena Vladimirovna Kravets ◽  
Mariya Aleksandrovna Ivacheva ◽  
Margarita Valentinovna Chesnokova ◽  
Sergey Vladimirovich Balakhonov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City ◽  
Official Data

The results of updating the Cadastre of stationary anthrax-unfavorable points in the Russian Federation (2005) and the creation of databases for nine out of 11 subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District (in the Magadan Region and the Chukotka Autonomous District, anthrax was not officially registered) are presented, information on 1285 points has been updated, instead of 1089 previously recorded. For the period 1856–2008 according to official data and literary sources, 8346 heads of animals and 253 people fell ill in nine subjects. The largest share of sick animals (72.3 %) falls on the Republic of Buryatia, and people (45.1 %) — in the Zabaikalsky Territory. The years of manifestation of activity of 99.8 % of permanently unfavorable points for anthrax are known. Most of the new points were formed in 1890–1899 and 1930–1939. Anthrax on the territory of the Far Eastern Federal District was annually recorded from 1910 to 1989. The maximum epizootic activity was noted in the city of Blagoveshchensk in the Amur Region and in the village of Kyren in the Republic of Buryatia. Based on updated information on the former and renamed settlements in accordance with the territorial-administrative division of the country; specified locations of settlements, former collective and state farms, liquidated in the 90s of the twentieth century; data on years of activity, species and number of dead animals and sick people; Determination of the geographical coordinates of the SNP created a database of stationary anthrax-unfavorable points in six regions (Zabaikalsky, Kamchatka, Primorsky and Khabarovsk territories, Jewish Autonomous Okrug, Sakhalin and Amur regions.

scholarly journals Administrative legal mechanism for exercising the right of citizens to appeal to the government bodies in the Ural Federal District: the peculiarities of legal regulation

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-46
Author(s):  
Stanislav Vladimirovich Kalashnikov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Legal Mechanism

The subject of this this research is the normative legal and legal acts of the government bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation included into the Ural Federal District (Kurgan, Sverdlovsk, Tyumen, Chelyabinsk regions, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Ugra and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug) that regulate the administrative legal mechanism for exercising the right of citizens to appeal to the government bodies in the indicated regions. Special  attention is given to the importance and need for legal regulation of the issues associated with arranging additional guarantees and exercising the right of citizens to appeal to government bodies, particularly on the level of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation included into the Ural Federal District. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the aforementioned normative legal act and legal acts, the author reveals the peculiarities of legal regulation of the administrative legal mechanism for exercising the right of citizens to appeal to government bodies in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation included into the Ural Federal District, the limits of norm-setting authorities of the listed regions of the Russian Federation, specificities of securing additional guarantees of the rights of citizens to appeal to government bodies in the corresponding regional laws, approaches towards consolidation of the categorical and conceptual apparatus, determination of parties to legal relations in the area of exercising the right of citizens to appeal to government bodies, the role of normative legal and legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation included into the Ural Federal District within the mechanism of exercising the right of citizens to appeal to government bodies. The conclusion is formulated on the prospect of the approaches of certain constituent entities of the Russian Federation towards legal regulation of the mechanism for exercising the right of citizens to appeal government. The author also makes recommendation for its improvement.

scholarly journals Socio-economic features of the regions as a fundamental factor in their long-term development

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 02138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaroslav Lavrinenko ◽  
Viktoria Tinyakova ◽  
Alexey Kalashnikov ◽  
Arkady Novikov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Fundamental Factor ◽  
Central Federal District ◽  
Applied Approach ◽  
The Russian Federation

The features of the regions in the socio-economic terms determine the development of the national economy and the level of citizens’ well-being. The paper highlights the features of the regions depending on three areas: budgetary, social, and economic. These areas are analyzed using the example of the Central Federal District of Russia. Based on the results of the analysis, the features of the regions within the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation are determined. In addition, perspective directions for the development of the regions under consideration are presented on the basis of improving statistics, monitoring, increasing the salaryindex, reducing the debt load on the population, developing the digital economy, and improving the system of subsidies. The possibility of avoiding the subsidization of regions through the development of innovation and agriculture is also shown. An author’s approach is proposed to determine the characteristics of the region for their future development. The justifying calculations for the applied approach in the framework of the efficiency of the regional economy on the basis of the salaryindex and the determination of the level of competitiveness of the region on the basis of the energy efficiency index are given. The justifying calculation conducted on the basis of the regions of the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation confirms the developed hypotheses.

scholarly journals The estimate of the rubella elimination status in the Russian Federation in 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Chekhlyaeva ◽  
O. Czvirkun ◽  
N. Turaeva ◽  
D. Erokhov ◽  
L. Barkinkhoeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Genetic Monitoring ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Regional Office ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Endemic Transmission

In 2002, the WHO Regional Office for Europe developed a Strategic Program for the Prevention of Measles and Congenital Rubella Infections in the European Region, which was revised in 2004. As a result of the revision, an additional target was set to eliminate endemic rubella in the region by 2010. Rubella is a disease that is well controlled by vaccination, which will determine the theoretical possibility of interrupting its global transmission. Since 2013, the Russian Federation has been implementing the National Rubella Elimination Program. Elimination criteria have been revised as the Program progresses. Currently, the main criterion for rubella elimination is the absence of endemic (local) transmission of the virus for at least 36 months, which should be confirmed by molecular genetic research methods. In addition, in the Russian Federation, an incidence rate of less than 1 case per 1 million population is also used as one of the elimination criteria. The successful implementation of the Program is supported by the fact that since 2013, against the background of a high (over 95%) coverage of preventive vaccinations, there has been a decrease in incidence rates and their stabilization at a level of less than 1 per 1 million population since 2014. Genetic monitoring of rubella virus strains circulating among the population showed the termination of endemic transmission of the virus. During the implementation of the Elimination Program, the prevailing genotypes of the virus circulating in Russia were genotypes 1E and 2B, which have a global distribution. The data obtained from the results of molecular genetic monitoring made it possible to determine that the strains isolated during the period under consideration belong to different clusters, which speaks in favour of their imported character. Considering the above factors: high vaccination coverage, low incidence and lack of endemic transmission of the virus, the WHO Committee on verification of measles and rubella elimination in 2017 awarded the Russian Federation the status of a country that has achieved rubella elimination. The continuation of the phase of elimination of infection is confirmed annually. This article presents the results of a comprehensive assessment of the rubella elimination status in the Russian Federation by specialists from the National Scientific and Methodological Center for Measles and Rubella and WHO EURO Moscow regional reference laboratory for measles and rubella based on epidemiological data and data from molecular genetic studies in 2019.

Evaluating the efficiency of the environmental security policy in the Russian regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 633-649
Author(s):  
G.T. Shkiperova ◽  
P.V. Druzhinin
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Environmental Security ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Environmental Situation ◽  
The Russian Federation

Subject. Considering the existing environmental situation, it becomes especially important for the State to regulate the anthropogenic footprint on the environment in the Russian Federation. Current amendments to the legislative framework for environmental security are intended to ensure the innovative development of regions concurrently with a reduction in adverse environmental effects and more active environmental policy. Objectives. The research is to devise methodological tools to evaluate the efficiency of environmental policy in regions. Methods. The research employs qualitative and quantitative methods of economic analysis, including statistical and content analysis, rating, matrix zoning. The dataset proceeds from the Federal State Statistics Service, governmental reports on the current environmental situation and environmental protection in the Russian Federation. Results. We propose our own approach to evaluating the efficiency of environmental policy. It may help trace the correlation between the quality of strategic documents and changes in environmental indicators for a certain period, flag the challenging areas in terms of the environmental policy implementation and outline possible development paths. The approach extends the list of quantification indicators in line with those ones adopted internationally and presented in the Environmental Security Strategy of the Russian Federation up to 2025. We evaluated the efficiency of the environmental policy referring to the regions of the Northwestern Federal District for the period from 2012–2016. Conclusions. Having analyzed the evaluation results, most of the Northwestern regions tend to be controversial and ambivalent in setting environmental goals and achieving them. The findings may prove useful as the analytical and data basis for articulating the environmental and economic policy of the regions.

Developing the basis of the matrix model of the regional innovation subsystem

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 2183-2204
Author(s):  
E.I. Moskvitina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Matrix Model ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Regional Strategies ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Russian Federation

Subject. This article deals with the issues related to the formation and implementation of the innovation capacity of the Russian Federation subjects. Objectives. The article aims to develop the organizational and methodological foundations for the formation of a model of the regional innovation subsystem. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of analysis and synthesis, economics and statistics analysis, and the expert assessment method. Results. The article presents a developed basis of the regional innovation subsystem matrix model. It helps determine the relationship between the subjects and the parameters of the regional innovation subsystem. To evaluate the indicators characterizing the selected parameters, the Volga Federal District regions are considered as a case study. The article defines the process of reconciliation of interests between the subjects of regional innovation. Conclusions. The results obtained can be used by regional executive bodies when developing regional strategies for the socio-economic advancement of the Russian Federation subjects.

Methodological approaches to assessing the socio-economic system of the region

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Bessonova ◽  
Y. V. Kelesh
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Central Federal District ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Methodological Approaches

The author's interpretation of the concept of «socio-economic system of the region» is given in the article. The main stages of methodologies for assessing the socio-economic system are considered. The methodology developed by the authors for assessing the development of the social and economic system of the region is based on the implementation of certain principles, compliance with a number of requirements and consisting of 8 stages. The developed methodology was tested in assessing the development of SES regions in the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation. 

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