scholarly journals Pengaruh Kondisi Ketinggian Tempat Terhadap Produksi dan Mutu Tembakau Temanggung

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Elda Nurnasari ◽  
. Djumali
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Treatment Result ◽  
Nicotine Content ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Environmental Element ◽  
Rainy Days

<p>Tembakau temanggung banyak dibudidayakan pada daerah pegunungan, terutama di lereng Gunung Sum-bing dan Gunung Sindoro. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh ketinggian tempat terhadap produksi dan mutu tem-bakau temanggung maka dilakukan percobaan untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor lingkungan terhadap pro-duksi dan mutu tembakau temanggung. Percobaan pot dilakukan di Kabupaten Temanggung-Jawa Tengah, pada bulan Maret–Agustus 2008 dengan 3 perlakuan lokasi tumbuh yang mempunyai perbedaan elevasi tempat, yakni (1) Desa Tlilir berelevasi 1395 m dpl, (2) Desa Wonotirto berelevasi 1245 m dpl, dan (3) Desa Sunggingsari berelevasi 880 m dpl dengan media tanah yang sama (seri Wonotirto). Perlakuan disusun da-lam rancangan tersarang dengan 9 ulangan, dimana ulangan tersarang dalam perlakuan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa lokasi tumbuh mempengaruhi produksi dan kadar nikotin tembakau yang dihasilkan. Produksi rajangan kering tertinggi (28,3 g/tanaman) diperoleh dari tembakau yang ditanam di Desa Wono-tirto sedangkan kadar nikotin tertinggi (6,24%) diperoleh Desa Tlilir. Perbedaan lokasi tumbuh diikuti oleh perbedaan unsur-unsur lingkungan (temperatur udara, kelembapan udara relatif, curah hujan, dan jumlah hari hujan) selama masa hidup tanaman. Unsur lingkungan yang mempengaruhi produksi adalah temperatur udara, kelembapan relatif, curah hujan, dan jumlah hari hujan. Adapun unsur lingkungan yang mempenga-ruhi kadar nikotin adalah elevasi tempat, temperatur udara, dan kelembapan relatif.</p><p> </p><p>Temanggung tobacco is cultivated in highly areas, especially at Sumbing and Sindoro mountainside. To de-termine the effect of land elevation on yield and quality of temanggung tobacco, experiment had been con-ducted at different land elevation. Pot experiment was conducted in the Temanggung Regency-Central Java, on March–August 2008 with 3 treatments of growth location which has different site altitude, that is (1) Tlilir with site altitude 1395 m above sea level (asl), (2) Wonotirto with site altitude 1245 m asl, and (3) Sung-gingsari with site altitude 880 m asl with the same soil (Wonotirto series). The treatments were arranged in nested design with nine replications, which the replications were nested in the treatment. Result showed that growth location affect on yield and nicotine content. The highest production of dried sliced (28.3 g/ plant) was obtained in Wonotirto while the highest nicotine content (6.24%) was obtained in Tlilir. Differences in growth location followed by the difference of the environmental elements (air temperature, relative humi-dity, rainfall, and number of rainy days) during the lifetime of the plant. Environmental element that affect the production is the air temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, and number of rainy days. The environmen-tal elements that affect the nicotine content is the site altitude, air temperature, and relative humidity.</p>

THE INFLUENCE OF TILLAGE SYSTEMS ON THE GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND YIELD OF LONG-FLAX

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Dumych ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Flax Seeds

The purpose of research: to improve the technology of growing flax in the Western region of Ukraine on the basis of the introduction of systems for minimizing tillage, which will increase the yield of trusts and seeds. Research methods: field, laboratory, visual and comparative calculation method. Research results: Field experiments included the study of three tillage systems (traditional, canning and mulching) and determining their impact on growth and development and yields of trusts and flax seeds. The traditional tillage system included the following operations: plowing with a reversible plow to a depth of 27 cm, cultivation with simultaneous harrowing and pre-sowing tillage. The conservation system is based on deep shelfless loosening of the soil and provided for chiseling to a depth of 40 cm, disking to a depth of 15 cm, cultivation with simultaneous harrowing, pre-sowing tillage. During the implementation of the mulching system, disking to a depth of 15 cm, cultivation with simultaneous harrowing and pre-sowing tillage with a combined unit was carried out. Tillage implements and machines were used to perform tillage operations: disc harrow BDVP-3,6, reversible plow PON-5/4, chisel PCh-3, cultivator KPSP-4, pre-sowing tillage unit LK-4. The SZ-3,6 ASTPA grain seeder was used for sowing long flax of the Kamenyar variety. Simultaneously with the sowing of flax seeds, local application of mineral fertilizers (nitroammophoska 2 c/ha) was carried out. The application of conservation tillage allows to obtain the yield of flax trust at the level of 3,5 t/ha, which is 0,4 t/ha (12.9 %) more than from the area of traditional tillage and 0,7 t/ha (25 %) in comparison with mulching. In the area with canning treatment, the seed yield was the highest and amounted to 0,64 t/ha. The difference between this option and traditional and mulching tillage reaches 0,06 t/ha (10,3 %) and 0.10 t/ha (18.5 %), respectively. Conclusions. Preservation tillage, which is based on shelf-free tillage to a depth of 40 cm and disking to a depth of 15 cm has a positive effect on plant growth and development, yield and quality of flax.

scholarly journals Analysis of the local resource-based dairy cattle development in Central Java

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
M. Mukson ◽  
H. Setiyawan ◽  
M. Handayani ◽  
A. Setiadi
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Location Quotient ◽  
Local Resource ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Quality Of Milk

The objectives of this research wereto analyze the local resource-based development of dairy cattle in orderto improve the production and quality of milk in Central Java. The research wascarried out by survey method. The research locations (Boyolali and Semarang) were chosen using purposive sampling method.In each regency was determined 2 sub district locations in which having the largest dairy cow population and 3 Dairy Cattle Farmer Associations (DCFA) in every sub district.Dairy farmers were sampled randomly, 10 farmers in every DCFA. Therefore, there were 120 dairy cattle farmers for sample. Data wereanalyzed using descriptive methods, location quotient (LQ) analysis and multiple linear regression statistical model. The dependent variables were yield and quality of milk (Y1,2) and the independent variables were human resources (x1), environmental resources (x2), capital resources (x3), entrepreneurship resources (x4), technology resources (x5), institution resources (x6) and infrastructure resources (x7). The LQ analysis showed that dairy cattle population, availability of forage and agricultural waste, and absorption of labour were very potential (LQ>1). Local resources significantly affected (P<0.01) the production and quality of dairy cattle milk. These results suggest that the development of dairy cattle business needs to consider the potential of local resources in order to improve the production and quality of milk.

scholarly journals VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF DIATOMS ON MOSSES IN WELLS OF BIJELJINA MUNICIPALITY IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milenko Ćurčić ◽  
Dragica Milinković ◽  
Dragana Radivojević ◽  
Dijana Đurić
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Light Climate ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Area Unit ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Vertical distribution of species and infraspecies taxa of diatoms (Bacillariophyta) on well mosses where they live epiphytically, and a relative number of individuals per surface area unit were followed in 8 open wells with shadoof. Researches were conducted during 2015-2016 through four seasons. Sampling of algae material from well mosses that cover interior of the well was conducted on every 50 cm of depth starting from the surface (O cm) to 200 cm. Considering the specificity of substrate on which diatoms live in wells, and those are mosses that are especially expressed to 1,5 m depth of well and whose leafs cover each other and have an effect on light climate of micro habitat with already existing differences in intensity and quality of light, relative humidity of air, temperature of air on different depths, density of populations of certain species Bacillariophyta is in function of such ecological occasions on different well depths. It is concluded that the most abundant populations on mosses of researched wells, during most of the year, develop four aerophilic species of diatoms: Navicula contenta Grunow, N. atomus var. atomus (Kiitzing) Grunow, Achnanthes lanceolata (Brebisson) Grunow ssp. lanceolata var. lanceolata and Amphora normanii Rabenhorst.

scholarly journals Influence of Below-Cloud Evaporation on Deuterium Excess in Precipitation of Arid Central Asia and Its Meteorological Controls

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 1973-1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengjie Wang ◽  
Mingjun Zhang ◽  
Yanjun Che ◽  
Xiaofan Zhu ◽  
Xuemei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Heavy Precipitation ◽  
Cloud Base ◽  
Deuterium Excess ◽  
Arid Central Asia ◽  
Observation Network ◽  
The Difference

Abstract The deuterium excess is a second-order parameter linking water-stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopes and has been widely used in hydrological studies. The deuterium excess in precipitation is greatly influenced by below-cloud evaporation through unsaturated air, especially in an arid climate. Based on an observation network of isotopes in precipitation of arid central Asia, the difference in deuterium excess from cloud base to ground was calculated for each sampling site. The difference on the southern slope of the Tian Shan is generally larger than that on the northern slope, and the difference during the summer months is greater than that during the winter months. Generally, an increase of 1% in evaporation of raindrops causes deuterium excess to decrease by approximately 1‰. Under conditions of low air temperature, high relative humidity, heavy precipitation, and large raindrop diameter, a good linear correlation is exhibited between evaporation proportion and difference in deuterium excess, and a linear regression slope of &lt;1‰ %−1 can be seen; in contrast, under conditions of high air temperature, low relative humidity, light precipitation, and small raindrop diameter, the linear relationship is relatively weak, and the slope is much larger than 1‰ %−1. A sensitivity analysis under different climate scenarios indicates that, if air temperature has increased by 5°C, deuterium excess difference decreases by 0.3‰–4.0‰ for each site; if relative humidity increases by 10%, deuterium excess difference increases by 1.1‰–10.3‰.

scholarly journals Seasonal variation of radon and CO2 in the Važecká Cave, Slovakia

Nukleonika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
Iveta Smetanová ◽  
Karol Holý ◽  
Ľubica Luhová ◽  
Kristian Csicsay ◽  
Dagmar Haviarová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Annual Variation ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Annual Maximum ◽  
The Difference

AbstractThe continuous monitoring of 222Rn activity concentration, CO2 concentration, and microclimatologic parameters (internal air temperature and relative humidity) in the Važecká Cave (Northern Slovakia) is being carried out at three monitoring stations, namely, Gallery, Lake Hall, and Entrance Hall. Radon activity concentration and CO2 concentration exhibited a clear annual variation. The daily average of radon concentration ranged 1300–27 700 Bq/m3 at the Lake Hall station and 3600–42 200 Bq/m3 at the Gallery station. Radon reached its maximum in the summer months, from June to September. The annual maximum of CO2 concentration is registered approximately one month later than radon maximum. The annual variation of radon and CO2 is controlled by the seasonal change of ventilation regime associated with the seasonal variation of the difference between the temperature measured inside the cave and the atmospheric temperature.

scholarly journals Insects Associated with Cucumbers (Cucumis SativusL.) At Bamunka-Ndop(North West Region, Cameroon)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 145-159
Author(s):  
Esther Nadine Otiobo Atibita ◽  
Champlain Djieto-Lordon ◽  
Fernand-Nestor Tchuenguem Fohouo
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
North West ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
West Region ◽  
Stems And Leaves

Studies on insects associated with cucumbers (Cucumis sativus) in Bamunka-ndop (North-West, Cameroon) under field conditions were conducted in 2017 and 2018 from April to July. The insect species diversity, the relative abundance, the frequency of visits and guilds were recorded on the plant from 7 am to 6 pm in a 2 hours time slots. Insects were found on the stem, leaves and flowers of Cucumber. There were 10 insect species belonging to 4 Orders. Out of these, four species belonged to Hymenoptera (54.15%), whereas the Coleoptera (33.18%), the Orthoptera (7.83%) and the Diptera (4.84%) owned two species each. Formica sp. being the most represented insect (24.42%) followed by A. mellifera (21.66%). Nectarivorous, pollinivorous, stems and leaves feeders and flowers and leaves feeders were found on the crop. The peak of activities of all the insect species was situated between 10 am and 12pm even though the temperature and the relative humidity of the study site appear not to affect their activities on the plant. These studies therefore indicated that the insects associated to cucumber should be exploited to work on their activities on cucumber and enhancing yield and quality of the fruits.

scholarly journals The Influence of Fertilizers on Cigar-Filler Tobacco Quality

1969 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 194-207
Author(s):  
George Samuels
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Major Element ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Nicotine Content ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Burning Rates ◽  
Nitrogen Treatment

The influence of fertilizers on cigar-filler tobacco quality, as judged by price per pound, was investigated, using three crops of a major-element fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O) experiment at Aibonito on a Juncos clay and a source-of-nitrogen experiment at Caguas clay. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The use of 50 pounds per acre of nitrogen increased the quality of the tobacco significantly when compared to the no-nitrogen treatment. 2. Rates up to 150 pounds per acre of nitrogen did not increase significantly either yield or quality of tobacco per acre over the 50-pound-per-acre nitrogen treatment. However, the quality of the tobacco was not reduced by the high nitrogen applications. 3. Phosphates and potash failed to increase the quality of the tobacco. 4. Lime and magnesium oxide increased the quality of the tobacco. 5. The other sources of nitrogen used failed to increase the quality of the tobacco, as far as price per pound was concerned, beyond the price of the tobacco produced with ammonium sulfate. 6. The burning rates of cigars made with tobacco fertilized with various nitrogen sources showed urea to give the slowest rate of burning, and a mixture of urea and cottonseed meal the most rapid. Ammonium sulfate as a nitrogen source was about intermediate between these. 7. The nicotine content of the tobacco increased with applications of nitrogen up to the 100-pound-per-acre level. Phosphate and potash applications tended to lower the nicotine content of the tobacco leaf. 8. A discussion of the influence of fertilizers on quality of the tobacco is presented to aid the farmer in his use of fertilizer to increase tobacco quality. Warning is also given that these relationships on the relation between yield and quality of tobacco cannot be regarded as applicable to all commercial tobacco-growing in Puerto Rico until further work is done on other tobacco soils.

The relation of drainage to rainfall and other meteorological factors

1941 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. Sahni
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Wind Velocity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
June July

Natural drainage periods, i.e. periods between consecutive cessations of flow of the Rothamsted 20 in. drain gauge, were selected for the months of June, July and August. All periods of from 2 to 13 days were taken.A curvilinear relationship between the difference of rainfall and drainage (deficit) and rainfall was established.Residuals from this curve showed no appreciable correlation with the mean air temperature, but there was some slight evidence that the deficit was increased by a decrease in relative humidity or an increase in wind velocity.The residuals showed little correlation with drainage during the previous 3 weeks.

scholarly journals AIR TEMPERATURE AND RELATIVE MOISTURE OSCILLATIONS IN RECIFE – PE

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Manoel Vieira De França ◽  
Romildo Morant de Holanda De Holanda ◽  
Raimundo Mainar De Medeiros
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Thermal Discomfort ◽  
Deviation Coefficient ◽  
Air Circulation ◽  
The City

The objective of this study was to study temperature variability and relative humidity, comparing the 1962-1990 and 1991-2016 periods with the averages of 1931-2016 and 1962-2016, respectively, with the aim of quantifying climate change and identifying the influence Of large-scale El Niño events, aiming to contribute to the managers responsible for urban planning and improving the quality of life of the inhabitants and the ecosystem. Air temperature and relative humidity data provided by the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET) were used. Basic statistical parameters were calculated as: mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variance, variations of annual anomalies in order to identify buoyancy in the data and the influence of extreme events. The city of Recife suffered from disorderly growth, with no specific patterns of planning in urbanization that caused variations in the microclimate of the urbis, causing thermal discomfort and reducing the quality of life of its inhabitants. There is intense flow of automotive vehicles and people throughout the day due to activities related to work, commerce and services, as well as the concentration of various buildings, waterproofed areas as well as buildings, making the local air circulation difficult. It is suggested an increase in green areas from the afforestation that has been shown as an alternative to improve the quality of life in urban spaces.

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