scholarly journals STUDY OF MILLING PROCESS AND ITS EFFECT ON VITAMIN B1 AND FOLIC ACID CONTENTS ON LOWLAND RICE PROMISING LINES

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Siti Dewi Indrasari ◽  
Shinta Dewi Ardhiyanti ◽  
Buang Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Uv Detector ◽  
Milled Rice ◽  
Fluorescence Detector

Rice is an important source of vitamin B1 and folic acid, but cultivated rice cultivars contain low of these nutrient. Breeding program had been conducted and several advanced lines with a high vitamin B and folic acid contents were found. This research aimed to study the contents of vitamin B1 and folic acid in the brown rice and milled rice of fifteen promising lowland rice lines. Dried paddy (14% moisture content) were husked in the mini husker (Satake THU 35A) to obtain brown rice and milled rice by using abrasive-type mini polisher (Satake TM-05, 1,450 RPM for 2 minutes). Vitamin B1 and folic acid in the brown rice and milled rice were determined by using HPLC equipped with fluorescence detector for vitamin B1 and UV detector for folic acid. Four out of fifteen rice lines studied showed a unique characteristic of vitamin B1 content in the brown rice and milled rice. Rice lines which have highest vitamin B1 in the brown rice were B10267-4-PN-6-2-3-2-2-2-3-3-2 (3.03 mg 100 g-1), B10876H-MR-2 (2.13 mg 100 g-1), B10531E-KN-1-2-PN-1-4-2 (1.33 mg 100 g-1) and B12411E-RS*-1-2-1 (1.21 mg 100 g-1). However after milling, 43-92% of their vitamin B1 were lost; the least loss was observed in B12411E-RS*-1-2-1 (1.21 mg 100 g-1) which was only  4%. Three out of fifteen rice lines studied has highest folic acid in brown rice, i.e. BP400G-PN-12-3-6 (158.5 µg 100 g-1), B10876H-MR-2 (152.0 µg 100 g-1), and B11742-RS*-2-3-MR-5-5-1-Si-1-3 (100.0 µg 100 g-1). After milling the line B10876H-MR-2 had the highest folic acid content (52.0 µg 100 g-1), much higher than that of Ciherang variety as a control. This study indicates the importance of having a suitable milling instrument to minimize loss of vitamin B1 and folic acid. The study also suggests the importance of creating new rice cultivars that have high nutrient and resistant to milling process.

scholarly journals STUDY OF MILLING PROCESS AND ITS EFFECT ON VITAMIN B1 AND FOLIC ACID CONTENTS ON LOWLAND RICE PROMISING LINES

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Siti Dewi Indrasari ◽  
Shinta Dewi Ardhiyanti ◽  
Buang Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Uv Detector ◽  
Milled Rice ◽  
Fluorescence Detector

Rice is an important source of vitamin B1 and folic acid, but cultivated rice cultivars contain low of these nutrient. Breeding program had been conducted and several advanced lines with a high vitamin B and folic acid contents were found. This research aimed to study the contents of vitamin B1 and folic acid in the brown rice and milled rice of fifteen promising lowland rice lines. Dried paddy (14% moisture content) were husked in the mini husker (Satake THU 35A) to obtain brown rice and milled rice by using abrasive-type mini polisher (Satake TM-05, 1,450 RPM for 2 minutes). Vitamin B1 and folic acid in the brown rice and milled rice were determined by using HPLC equipped with fluorescence detector for vitamin B1 and UV detector for folic acid. Four out of fifteen rice lines studied showed a unique characteristic of vitamin B1 content in the brown rice and milled rice. Rice lines which have highest vitamin B1 in the brown rice were B10267-4-PN-6-2-3-2-2-2-3-3-2 (3.03 mg 100 g-1), B10876H-MR-2 (2.13 mg 100 g-1), B10531E-KN-1-2-PN-1-4-2 (1.33 mg 100 g-1) and B12411E-RS*-1-2-1 (1.21 mg 100 g-1). However after milling, 43-92% of their vitamin B1 were lost; the least loss was observed in B12411E-RS*-1-2-1 (1.21 mg 100 g-1) which was only  4%. Three out of fifteen rice lines studied has highest folic acid in brown rice, i.e. BP400G-PN-12-3-6 (158.5 µg 100 g-1), B10876H-MR-2 (152.0 µg 100 g-1), and B11742-RS*-2-3-MR-5-5-1-Si-1-3 (100.0 µg 100 g-1). After milling the line B10876H-MR-2 had the highest folic acid content (52.0 µg 100 g-1), much higher than that of Ciherang variety as a control. This study indicates the importance of having a suitable milling instrument to minimize loss of vitamin B1 and folic acid. The study also suggests the importance of creating new rice cultivars that have high nutrient and resistant to milling process.

Effect of Rice Cultivar, Type, Form, and Moisture Content on the Angle of Repose

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-368
Author(s):  
Hu Shi ◽  
Terry J. Siebenmorgen
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
The United States ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Milled Rice ◽  
Rough Rice ◽  
Rice Samples

Abstract.The angle of repose (AoR) is a primary characteristic determining the flowablity of grains and thus is an important property for designing rice handling and storage facilities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the AoR of contemporary rice cultivars grown in the United States. An apparatus was constructed to measure both the emptying and piling AoR of rice samples. The effect of rice cultivars (pureline and hybrid), rice types (long-, medium-, and short-grain rice), rice forms (rough, brown, head, and broken milled rice), and moisture content on the AoR of rice were evaluated. Results indicated that all of these factors significantly affected the AoR of rice. The piling AoR was significantly less than the emptying AoR. Hybrid rice cultivars tended to have greater AoR than purelines, which was attributed to the pubescence characteristic of their hulls. The emptying AoR and piling AoR of tested long-grain rough rice cultivars at 12% to 21% moisture content were in the range of 32.7° to 39.7° and 29.6° to 36.9°, respectively.Increasing the moisture content of long-grain rough rice led to greater AoR, possibly due to increased cohesion of rice kernels. Long-grain rough rice cultivars had slightly lesser AoR than those of medium- and short-grain rice cultivars. Among all tested rice forms, brown rice had the least AoR. Head and broken milled rice had approximately the same AoR as rough rice. Keywords: Angle of repose, Bridging, Flowablity, Friction, Rice.

scholarly journals Comparison of phytolith-occluded carbon in 51 main cultivated rice (Oryzasativa) cultivars of China

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (86) ◽  
pp. 54726-54733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Sun ◽  
Qin Liu ◽  
Gengmao Zhao ◽  
Xiang Chen ◽  
Tongtong Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Occluded Carbon

In this study, the carbon (i.e., C) bio-sequestration within phytoliths (PhytOC) in 51 rice cultivars was evaluated to breed cultivars with a high efficiency of carbon sequestration in phytoliths and high productivity.

Accumulation of copper in brown rice and effect of copper on rice growth and grain yield in different rice cultivars

Chemosphere ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 1690-1696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Ping Yan ◽  
Jun-Yu He ◽  
Cheng Zhu ◽  
Chang Cheng ◽  
Xue-Bo Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Rice Growth ◽  
Effect Of Copper

Red Rice (Oryza sativa) Biology. I. Characterization of Red Rice Ecotypes

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
José A. Noldin ◽  
James M. Chandler ◽  
Garry N. McCauley
Keyword(s):  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Natural Hybridization ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Seed Shattering ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Biology I ◽  
Plant Characteristics

Plant characteristics of red rice ecotypes obtained from Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas, including 11 strawhulled, five blackhulled, two goldhulled, and one brownhulled type, were evaluated under field conditions. Most ecotypes were uniform and stable but manifested considerable genetic variability. Red rice plants had pubescent leaves, were taller with lighter green color, and produced more tillers and panicles per plant than rice cultivars ‘Lemont,’ ‘Mars,’ and ‘Maybelle.’ Most ecotypes were highly susceptible to seed shattering starting about 14 d after anthesis when seed moisture was more than 25%. Seeds of most ecotypes were highly dormant at harvest. Rice cultivars had a larger flag leaf and more total leaf area per plant at anthesis and produced more seeds per panicle than red rice. Some red rice ecotypes had plant characteristics closely related to cultivated rice suggesting natural hybridization with rice.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KOTORAN AYAM DAN PACLOBUTRAZOL TERHADAP JUMLAH ANAKAN DAN TINGGI BATANG PADI HITAM (Oryza sativa L.) KABUPATEN TAPANULI SELATAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romaya Sitha Silitonga ◽  
Jumaria Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Rice Plant ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACT Black rice is very potential to be expanded because the content of anthocyanin, vitamin B1, and vitamin E black rice is higher than brown rice or white rice. At present, black rice producers are in Java, whereas in Sumatra, South Tapanuli District, Angkola Sub-District is a new type of black rice for rice farmers, so it is necessary to introduce and cultivate. The aims of the research was to determine the effect of chicken manure and paclobutrazol concentration on the tiller number and stems height of the rice plant in Batang Angkola District, South Tapanuli. This research method used was Randomized Block Design Factorial with two factors. The first factor was application of chicken manure (C) with dosage 0 g/pot 3 g/pot (C1), 6 g/pot (C2) and 9 g/pot (P3). The second factor was application paklobutrazol (P) with concentrations of 0 ppm (P0), 25 ppm (P1), 50 ppm (P2) and 75 ppm (P3). Statistical analysis used Anova 5%. If there is a difference followed by DMRT. The result showed that application of chicken manure at 9 g/pot (C3) and paclobutrazol 75 ppm (P3) were produce more tiller number and able to decrease height of black rice plant. Key words : Black Rice, Chicken manure, Paklobutrazol, South Tapanuli District, Tiller number, ABSTRAK Padi hitam sangat potensial dikembangkan karena kandungan antosianin, vitamin B1, dan vitamin E padi hitam lebih tinggi dari beras merah maupun beras putih. Adapun daerah penghasil beras hitam saat ini masih terdapat di daerah-daerah Pulau Jawa, sementara di Pulau Sumatera, khususnya di Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan, Kecamatan Batang Angkola beras hitam masih tergolong tanaman padi jenis baru bagi para petani beras sehingga perlu dilakukan upaya perkenalan dan budidaya di daerah ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi kotoran ayam dan paclobutrazol terhadap jumlah anakan dan tinggi batang padi hitam yang tumbuh di Kecamatan Batang Angkola, Tapanuli Selatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama, aplikasi Kotoran ayam (C) dengan dosis 0 g/pot (C0), 3 g/pot (C1), 6 g/pot (C2) dan 9 g/pot. Faktor kedua, paklobutrazol (P) dengan konsentrasi 0 ppm (P0), 25 ppm (P1), 50 ppm (P2) dan 75 ppm (P3). Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik analisis variansi pada taraf kesalahan 5%. Apabila ada beda nyata dilanjutkan dengan DMRT. Hasil penelitian aplikasi Kotoran ayam 9 g/pot (C3) dan paclobutrazol 75 ppm (P3) menghasilkan jumlah anakan lebih banyak dan dapat menekan pertumbuhan tinggi batang padi hitam yang ditanam. Kata Kunci : Jumlah anakan, Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan, Kotoran Ayam, Paclobutrazol, Padi hitam.

scholarly journals Integrated Analysis of Metabolome and Volatile Profiles of Germinated Brown Rice from the Japonica and Indica Subspecies

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2448
Author(s):  
Chenguang Zhou ◽  
Yaojie Zhou ◽  
Yuqian Hu ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Roujia Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Germinated Brown Rice ◽  
Metabolomics Data ◽  
Volatile Profiles

Abstract: In the present study, germinated brown rice (GBR) from three Japonica and three Indica rice cultivars were subjected to metabolomics analysis and volatile profiling. The statistical assessment and pathway analysis of the metabolomics data demonstrated that in spite of significant metabolic changes in response to the germination treatment, the Japonica rice cultivars consistently expressed higher levels of several health-promoting compounds, such as essential amino acids and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), than the Indica cultivars. No clear discriminations of the volatile profiles were observed in light of the subspecies, and the concentrations of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including alkenes, aldehydes, furans, ketones, and alcohols, all exhibited significant reductions ranging from 26.8% to 64.1% after the germination. The results suggest that the Japonica cultivars might be desirable as the raw materials for generating and selecting GBR food products for health-conscious consumers.

COMMITTEE ON NUTRITION

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 924-924
Author(s):  
CHARLES U. LOWE ◽  
DAVID B. COURSIN ◽  
FELIX P. HEALD ◽  
ROBERT KAYE ◽  
DONOUGH O'BRIEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
White Rice ◽  
Eastern Area ◽  
Chemical Division ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Western Area

WITH A note of sadness, the Committee on Nutrition of the American Academy of Pediatrics wishes to call to the attention of the membership the death of Robert Ramapatnam Williams. A noted chemist and scientist, Dr. Williams obtained world renown for his work on the isolation, identification, and synthesis of vitamin B1. He died at his home in Summit, New Jersey, in October 1965. Born in Nellore, India, February 16, 1886, of American missionary parents, he began teaching in the Philippines in 1908 and considered the Islands his second home. Williams never found time to earn a doctorate, although he attended Ottawa University (Kansas) and the University of Chicago for undergraduate and postgraduate work. He earned a B.S. in 1907 and an M.S. in 1908 and received honorary LL.D. and D.Sc. degrees from numerous universities. The story of his work with beriberi is one of the most exciting in the field of nutrition. While working in the Philippines in 1910 with the Chemical Division of the Bureau of Science, he became interested in the disease. He assisted in treating an infant dying of beriberi with brown-rice bran syrup. The child's dramatic recovery stirred the synthesis of thiamine chloride. His work culminated in extensive field trials, again in the Philippines, shortly after World War I. For this study, the Bataan peninsula was divided into two parts. In the western area the inhabitants ate plain white rice; those in the eastern area received plain white rice enriched with rice coated with vitamin B1, concentrate. Within weeks the death rate from beriberi dropped dramatically in the eastern area. It remained high in the western area until smugglers began "running in" the treated rice.

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