scholarly journals THE SEGREGATION PATTERN OF INSECT RESISTANCE GENES IN THE PROGENIES AND CROSSES OF TRANSGENIC ROJOLELE RICE

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Satoto Satoto ◽  
Yuli Sulistyowati ◽  
Alex Hartana ◽  
Inez H. Slamet -Loedin
Keyword(s):  
Insect Resistance ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Mendelian Inheritance ◽  
Segregation Pattern ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Brown Plant Hopper

Successful application of genetic transformation technique, especially in developing rice variety resistant to brown plant hopper and stem borer, will depend on transgene being expressed and the gene inherited in a stable and predictable manner. This study aimed to analyse transgene segregation pattern of the progenies and the crosses of transgenic rice cv. Rojolele harboring cry1Ab and gna genes. The third generation (T2) of five<br />transgenic Rojolele events containing gna and/or cry1Ab were evaluated for two generations to identify the homozygous lines and to study their inheritance. The homozygous lines were selected based on the result of PCR technique. The segregation patterns of gna and cry1Ab were studied in eight F2 populations derived from Rojolele x transgenic Rojolele homozygous for cry1Ab and or gna and their reciprocal crosses. Data  resulted from PCR of F2 population were analysed using a Chi Square test. The study obtained six homozygous lines for gna, namely A22- 1-32, A22-1-37, C72-1-9, F11-1-48, K21-1-39, K21-1-48, and two homozygous lines for cry1Ab, namely K21-1-39 and K21- 1-48. Both cry1Ab and gna transgenes had been inherited through selfing and crossing with their wild type as indicated from the F1 containing gna and cry1Ab as many as 48.4% and 47.4%, respectively. In six of the eight crosses, gna was inherited in a 3:1 ratio consistent with Mendelian inheritance of a single dominant locus, while in the remaining two crosses, gna was segregated in a 1:1 ratio. The presence of cry1Ab in F2 populations also showed a 3:1 segregation ratio in all crosses. In the F2 population derived from F1 plant containing cry1Ab and gna, both transgenes segregated in a 9:3:3:1 dihybrid segregation ratio. This study will add to the diversity of genetic sources for insect resistance and allow further use of these transgenic lines for pyramiding resistance to brown plant hopper and stem borer or  separately in rice breeding programs whenever the efficacy tests and biosafety requirements have been completed.

scholarly journals THE SEGREGATION PATTERN OF INSECT RESISTANCE GENES IN THE PROGENIES AND CROSSES OF TRANSGENIC ROJOLELE RICE

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoto Satoto ◽  
Yuli Sulistyowati ◽  
Alex Hartana ◽  
Inez H. Slamet -Loedin
Keyword(s):  
Insect Resistance ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Mendelian Inheritance ◽  
Segregation Pattern ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Brown Plant Hopper

Successful application of genetic transformation technique, especially in developing rice variety resistant to brown plant hopper and stem borer, will depend on transgene being expressed and the gene inherited in a stable and predictable manner. This study aimed to analyse transgene segregation pattern of the progenies and the crosses of transgenic rice cv. Rojolele harboring cry1Ab and gna genes. The third generation (T2) of five<br />transgenic Rojolele events containing gna and/or cry1Ab were evaluated for two generations to identify the homozygous lines and to study their inheritance. The homozygous lines were selected based on the result of PCR technique. The segregation patterns of gna and cry1Ab were studied in eight F2 populations derived from Rojolele x transgenic Rojolele homozygous for cry1Ab and or gna and their reciprocal crosses. Data  resulted from PCR of F2 population were analysed using a Chi Square test. The study obtained six homozygous lines for gna, namely A22- 1-32, A22-1-37, C72-1-9, F11-1-48, K21-1-39, K21-1-48, and two homozygous lines for cry1Ab, namely K21-1-39 and K21- 1-48. Both cry1Ab and gna transgenes had been inherited through selfing and crossing with their wild type as indicated from the F1 containing gna and cry1Ab as many as 48.4% and 47.4%, respectively. In six of the eight crosses, gna was inherited in a 3:1 ratio consistent with Mendelian inheritance of a single dominant locus, while in the remaining two crosses, gna was segregated in a 1:1 ratio. The presence of cry1Ab in F2 populations also showed a 3:1 segregation ratio in all crosses. In the F2 population derived from F1 plant containing cry1Ab and gna, both transgenes segregated in a 9:3:3:1 dihybrid segregation ratio. This study will add to the diversity of genetic sources for insect resistance and allow further use of these transgenic lines for pyramiding resistance to brown plant hopper and stem borer or  separately in rice breeding programs whenever the efficacy tests and biosafety requirements have been completed.

scholarly journals Studi Pola Segregasi Karakter Morfologi – Agronomi Tanaman Padi Hasil Persilangan Kultivar Pandan Ungu x Roti Pada F2

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristabel Elisa ◽  
Syamad Ramayana ◽  
Rusdiansyah Rusdiansyah
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Evaluation Systems ◽  
Local Variety ◽  
Mendelian Genetics ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Single Plant Selection ◽  
F2 Progeny

Abstract. The efforts to increase rice production at East Borneo apart from the improvement of cultivation systems also could be done by using superior variety. Hybridization of rice plants has been done between the female local variety Pandan Ungu and the male local variety Roti. The research toward F2 progeny to find out the segregation patterns of inheritance of the characters number of tillers, plant height, stem leaves color, and palea-lemma color has been done at the paddy field at Desa Sidomulyo, Kecamatan Anggana, Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara since October 2016 until March 2017. The F2 identification method that was used is single plant selection methods, based on Standard Evaluation Systems (SES) for Rice. Suitability test between observed value and expected value used Chi-square test, and to see the characters segregation pattern ratio used Mendelian genetics analysis. The inheritance character of stem leaves color was managed by two pairs of genes followed segregation ratio 9:6:1 with the action epistatic genes with cumulative effect, the inheritance of palea-lemma character was managed by two pairs of genes followed Mendelian ratio 13:3 with the action epistatic dominant-recessive, while the characters plant height and number of tillers was managed by polygenes so the inheritance patterns was not following Mendelian ratio.

scholarly journals Linkage map of random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) in the silkworm, Bombyx mori

1995 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amornrat Promboon ◽  
Toru Shimada ◽  
Haruhiko Fujiwara ◽  
Masahiko Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Map ◽  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Mapping Function ◽  
Mendelian Inheritance ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Lod Score ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Segregation Ratios ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Silkworm Bombyx Mori

SummaryWe have constructed a linkage map of random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) in Bombyx mori. We screened 320 10-mer primers, and found 243 clear polymorphic bands between C108 and p50 strains. In the F2 generation, segregation ratios of 168 bands were nearly 3:1 in a chi square test, showing Mendelian inheritance. The MAPMAKER program sorted 168 bands into 29 linkage groups and 10 unlinked loci at minimum LOD score 3·0, and determined orders of loci in each group, which contained 2–11 markers. It also detected typing errors in our data. We calculated map distances between pairs of neighbouring loci using recombination values in males and the Kosambi mapping function. Our RAPD map consists of 169 loci including the p locus, and the sum of map distances is approximately 900 cM. Linkage groups 1 and 2 of our map correspond to chromosomes 1 and 2 on the conventional linkage map because of linkage to sex and p, respectively.

scholarly journals Homozygosity and segregation ratio in F4 generation of tomato for fruit morphology

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehboob Ahmad Awan ◽  
Aneela Kanwal ◽  
Mazhar Iqbal ◽  
Bilal Ahmed Khan ◽  
Muhammad Shahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Fruit Morphology ◽  
Pear Fruit ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Fruit Plants

Diversity in tomato shape is one of the most prominent traits which distinguish one variety of tomato from other. Our research aims to find the segregation ratio for fruit morphology in F4 lines and to determine the level of homozygosity within the lines. Plants with desirable traits were selected from F3 generation in 2017 and were sown as F4 generation in next season i.e 2018. Data were recorded for each plant in each line for fruit and blossom end shape and were analyzed through chi square test. Chi square test showed that more than 50% lines deviated from the expected ratio for fruit shape and showed significant difference between expected and observed ratios. Most of the obovoid-square fruit shaped F3 parents did not segregate further and produced all the obovoid-square shaped fruit plants in F4 generation. Obovoid fruit shaped F3 parents segregated into different fruit shapes in different ratios and did not show any homozygosity in F4 generation. Obovoid-pear fruit shaped F3 parents segregated into the Obvoid and pear shapes. Obovoid-cylindrical fruit shaped F3 parents did not produce any cylindrical fruit in F4 generation and segregated into square and obovoid shaped fruit plants. However, for blossom end shape, nearly all the lines segregated in F4 generation into flat blossom end and pointed blossom end shapes in the expected ratio i.e 3:1, respectively. Some lines did not segregate further for blossom end shape showing that those lines have attained homozygosity in F4 generation for the trait.

scholarly journals Pewarisan Karakter Kualitatif Cabai Hias Hasil Persilangan Cabai Besar dan Cabai Rawit

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 286
Author(s):  
Siti Hapshoh ◽  
Muhamad Syukur ◽  
Yudiwanti Wahyu ◽  
Dan Widodo
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Single Recessive Gene ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Effective Selection ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Qualitative Characters

ABSTRACT<br /><br />The fruit of ornamental chili functioned as ornamental as well as for consumption, and therefore it requires diversity of traits for selection process. Information on inheritance pattern of the traits are needed for effective selection. The ideotype of ornamental chili are shortened internode that form a bouquet of flowers, erect fruit orientation and contain anthocyanins for attractive appearance. The research was aimed to study qualitative characters inheritance associated with shortened internode, fruit orientation and anthocyanins content. This study used 6 population including female parent (P1) which has anthocyanin in flower parts, the male parent (P2) bird pepper which has the character of a shortened internode, F1, F1R, BCP1, BCP2, and F2. Data were analyzed with Chi-square test to determine the Mendelian ratio in the F2 population. The results showed that there were characters that was controlled by one gene or two genes. Shortened internode and erect fruit orientation were controlled by a single recessive gene with a ratio of 1:3. On the other hand the color of anthocyanin in the anther stem was controlled by one dominant gene with a ratio of 3:1. The characters controlled by two genes that were dominant and recessive epistasis was the color of anthocyanins in the anther with the ratio 13:3.<br /><br />Keywords: Mendelian ratio, antosianin, shortened internode <br /><br />

scholarly journals Genetic Mapping of SSR Markers in Eight Soybean Chromosomes Based on F2 Population B3462 x B3293

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
I Made Tasma ◽  
Ahmad Warsun ◽  
Dani Satyawan ◽  
Saptowo Jumali Pardal ◽  
Slamet Slamet
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Mapping ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Ssr Marker ◽  
Aluminum Toxicity ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
One Step

<p>Genetic Mapping of SSR Markers in Eight Soybean<br />Chromosomes Based on F2 Population B3462 x B3293. I<br />Made Tasma, Ahmad Warsun, Dani Satyawan, Saptowo<br />J. Pardal, and Slamet. Aluminum toxicity is one of the main<br />contrains for cultivating soybean in acid soils. Genetic<br />Hak Cipta © 2011, BB-Biogen<br />mapping of SSR markers is one step for detecting aluminumtoxicity<br />tolerant QTLs in soybean. Another step is to<br />phenotype the same population at various aluminum-toxicity<br />environments. The objectives of this study were to analyze<br />the segregation of SSR markers in progenies of an F2<br />population and map the markers in 8 soybean chromosomes.<br />The F2 population was previously developed by<br />crossing the Al-tolerant parent B3462 and the Al-sensitive<br />parent B3293. Polymorphic SSR markers in the parents were<br />used to PCR amplify DNA of the 100 F2 progenies. PCR<br />products were separated using agarose or polyacrylamide<br />gels. A Chi-Square test was done with a null hypothesis that<br />progenies segregated in a 1 : 2 : 1 ratio. Results showed that<br />125 SSR markers were polymorphics in the parents. Out of<br />125 polymorphic markers, 122 were segregated in the<br />progenies of the F2 population. Among the segregating<br />markers, 114 were segregated in a 1 : 2 : 1 ratio. Only 8<br />markers (5.6%) did not follow the 1 : 2 : 1 ratio. One hundred<br />and nineteen SSR markers were mapped in 8 soybean<br />chromosomes. These include 18 markers in chromosome<br />A2, 10 in B1, 16 (C1), 16 (F), 10 (G), 23 (J), 16 (L), and 10 (N).<br />Total genetic maps covered was 1,194.8 cM with average<br />map distances between two adjacent markers of 10.7 cM.<br />Further SSR marker enrichment is required to fill in the gaps<br />of several chromosomal regions. Genetic maps presented in<br />this study should be useful for detection of Al-toxicity<br />tolerant QTLs in soybean.</p>

scholarly journals Keseimbangan Genetik Eksternal pada Ayam Hasil Silangan

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-89
Author(s):  
Firman Adam ◽  
Safriyanto Dako ◽  
Fahria Datau ◽  
Nibras Karnain Laya ◽  
Suparmin Fathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coat Color ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Chicken Population ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
F2 Generation ◽  
Genetic Equilibrium

The purpose of this study was to determine the equilibrium of external genetic for the population of crossbreed chicken. Observations were made at the Poultry Production Unit Laboratory at Gorontalo State University. The focus was focused on the genetic equilibrium of the feathers covering the body, variations in coat color, calf color, and comb shape of the crossing population. Algebraic analysis (a + b = 1) was used to calculate phenotype frequencies, genes, and genes heterozygosity of feather color, feather pattern, shank color and comb shape for the cross chicken population. Analysis of genetic Equiblirium in the pattern of feather color, coat color, shank color, and comb shape in chicken populations was used the chi-square test. The genetic equilibrium for feather pattern can be achieved in the f2 generation. The f2 population found 3 feather color patterns: black, brown/light brown, and Columbia. Phenotype distribution; 9: 4: 3. The frequency of Genesis 0.157; 0.296; 0.546 and there was an increase in heterozygosity by 0.688 ± 0.121. The genetic equilibrium for comb shape is achieved in f1 and f2 generations. The genetic equilibrium for feather pattern can be achieved in the f2 generation.  The genetic equilibrium in cross-breed populations that have recessive/dominant homozygotes can be achieved in one generation while for cross-breeding chickens that have heterozygous properties, genetic equilibrium can be achieved in short generations if these traits are expressed evenly in the population.

Hubungan Antara Menyusui Dengan Involusi Uterus Pada Ibu Nifas Fisiologis Di RSIA Aura Syifa Kabupaten Kediri

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Eny Sendra ◽  
Dewi Indriani
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fisher Test ◽  
Key Word ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Moment

Breast feeding is giving milk to be drunk to the baby from the breast. Uterus involution is a process how the uterus return to the condition back, before pregnanting after bearing. At the moment of suckling, happens a stimulus and brings the hormones out, such as oksitosin uses not only to stimulate some muscles constraction but also to stimulate the uterus, so that the process of uterus involution happens foster. According to the explanations above, the research aimed to know about the correlation between breast feeding and uterus involution. This research’s design was, cross sectional by the population of all childbirth mothers approximately 50 persons / month. By using accidental sampling technique we got 21 sample respondents. The place of research in RSIA Aura Syifa in Kediri Regency on 16th until 22nd of June 2009. From this research’s result, we got 14 persons (66,67%) with normal uterus involution, suckled in a good way, one person (4,67%) with normal uterus involution, suckled in a wrong way, 2 persons (9,52%) with abnormal uterus involution, suckled in a good way and 4 persons (19,05%) with abnormal uterus involution, suckled in a wrong way. Statistic test which used chi-square test, counted the probability frequency in advance, from that we got 3 columns with the score, less than 5, so that chi-square can not be continued and by doing exact fisher test, the score was 0,001. Because P with the grade mistake 0,05 smaller, so the conclusion was “Ho” is rejected, it meant “there was correlation between suckling and uterus involution”. Key Word : Breast feeding, uterus involution

FAKTOR PERSONAL YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI PERAWAT RSUD EMBUNG FATIMAH BATAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 875
Author(s):  
Asfri Sri Rahmadeni
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Turnover Rate ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Hospital Nurses ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test

<p class="Normal1"><em>Commitment is the attitude or behavior of likes or dislikes shown by someone against the organization at work. Indonesia is recorded as a nurse who has a low organizational commitment (76%) so it harms services. This phenomenon in the hospital can be seen from the indicator of the high turnover rate of nurses which reaches 30.9% which exceeds the standard &lt;5%. Many factors affect organizational commitment. The purpose of this study was to analyze the Personal Factors Associated with Organizational Commitment of Hospital Nurses. This study is a cross-sectional analytic study and purposive sampling technique with a sample of 59 nurses. Chi-Square test results obtained personal factors that have a relationship with organizational commitment Nurse Hospital is age with p = 0,000 and education with p = 0,000, personal factors not related to organizational commitment are gender p = 1,053 and years of service with p = 1,147. Hospitals should conduct research/surveys on Organizational Commitment periodically as an evaluation material in the context of the organization's development and development in the future</em>.</p>

GAMBARAN INDEKS LARVA AEDES AEGYPTI DI BUFFER WILAYAH KERJA BANDARA SEPINGGAN BALIKPAPAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdurrakhman abdurrakhman Abdurrakhman
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Transportation Equipment ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Larvae Density

ABSTRACT : The House index and Container Index in the buffer area of ​​the working area of ​​Balikpapan Sepinggan Airport is still above 1%, so the potential for the spread of dengue disease. Mobilization of people, goods and transportation equipment will increasingly affect the transmission of disease in ports and airports, especially for vector-borne diseases. This study aims to analyze the risk factors associated with larvae density of Aedes aegypti and describe the larvae index in the buffer zone of the Sepinggan Balikpapan Airport This study was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. The sample in this study was 121 houses with a proportionate stratified random sampling, the research location was in the buffer zone of Sepinggan Balikpapan Airport in November 2018. The variables studied were houses with positive larvae containers, breeding sites and PSN behavior and larvasidation. The data was analyzed using the chi square test. There was a relationship between houses with larvae positive Aedes aegypti, behavior of Mosquito Nest Eradication (PSN) and larvasidation with larvae density of Aedes aegypti but not for breeding sites (p = 0.00 and 95% CI = 0.64), and   (p = 0.00 and 95% CI = 0.34). The description of several Aedes aegypti larvae index, namely House Index (HI) = 57.02%, Container Index (CI) = 24.36%, Bruteau Index (BI) = 148.76, and Flick Free Numbers (ABJ) = 42.98 %. Houses with larvae of Aedes aegypti larvae and PSN and larvasidation behavior were associated with larvae density of Aedes aegypti. The index of HI, CI and BI larvae is of high value so there is a risk of DBD transmission

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