scholarly journals Identifikasi dan Aplikasi Marka Berbasis PCR untuk Identifikasi Varietas Padi dengan Palatabilitas Tinggi

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puji Lestari ◽  
Andari Risliawati ◽  
Hee Jong Koh
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Dna Fingerprint ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Genome Database ◽  
Value System ◽  
Unique Identity

<p>To date, there has<br />been no DNA fingerprint profile as unique identity of rice<br />variety that has a high palatability (overall eating quality) in<br />Indonesia, thus identification of premium varieties using<br />molecular markers is considered to be important. This study<br />aimed to establish DNA fingerprint profiles of indica and<br />japonica rice varieties, and unique identities of rice varieties<br />with high palatability using molecular markers associated<br />with palatability. Total of 22 japonica and 24 indica rice<br />varieties were evaluated their overall eating quality and<br />tested using 20 molecular markers STS (sequence-tagged<br />site) which were designed on the basis of japonica rice<br />genome. To identify the genes functions, all these markers<br />amplicons were cloned, transformed, sequenced and the<br />sequences results were analyzed their homologous against<br />the genome database. Ilpum (japonica) and Rojolele<br />(indica) were identified to have the highest palatability<br />compared to other varieties. DNA fingerprint profiles<br />identified with the total STS markers were not able to<br />differentiate each variety, however premium varieties of<br />japonica and indica showed specific identities. A unique<br />identity of Indonesian indica variety possessing high<br />palatability, Rojolele was successfully developed using a<br />markers set. DNA fingerprint profile in digital value system<br />facilitates the identification of premium rice from other<br />varieties. The fragments of the STS primers showed no any<br />known-genes functions related to rice eating quality,<br />therefore these markers are preferentially used for<br />identification of premium rice with high palatability than<br />differentiation of rice varieties based on the palatability. In<br />this study, the unique identity of rice variety with high<br />palatability is very usefull to evaluate the purity for<br />germplasm protection.</p>

scholarly journals Study of some cooking and eating quality characters on some Egyptian rice genotypes

2014 ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
N. B. Nessreen ◽  
A. K. Ammar ◽  
A. Ezzat
Keyword(s):  
Indica Rice ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Milled Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Cooking And Eating Quality ◽  
Japonica And Indica Rice

Some Egyptian rice genotypes [i.e. Japonica (Sakha 104), Japonica/Indica (Egyptian hybrid1) and Indica (Giza 182)] were investigated to evaluate the cooking and eating quality characters. High significant differences in grain shape were observed among rice genotypes. Hulling, milling and head rice percentage were higher in Sakha 104 than other rice genotypes, while Indica type (Giza 182) recorded the lowest values in milling and physical characters. No significant differences were found in chemical composition of the three genotypes of rice was recorded, but Giza 182 had the highest protein content. All Egyptian rice genotypes were low in gelatinization temperature and soft in gel consistency. Japonica and Indica rice varieties were low in amylase content, while Japonica/Indica rice variety was intermediate. The use of RVA is considered a good index for palatability evaluation for milled rice flour and starch. The Indica and Japonica/Indica types are low in breakdown viscosity, but higher in cooked pasta than Japonica type. Japonica type recorded the best score in panel test, followed by Indica type, while Indica/Japonica rice variety was the least accepted by Egyptian consumer.

scholarly journals Screening and Expression of a Silicon Transporter Gene(Lsi1)in Wild-Type Indica Rice Cultivars

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahbod Sahebi ◽  
Mohamed M. Hanafi ◽  
M. Y. Rafii ◽  
Parisa Azizi ◽  
Rambod Abiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Silicon Transporter ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Japonica Rice Variety

Silicon (Si) is one of the most prevalent elements in the soil. It is beneficial for plant growth and development, and it contributes to plant defense against different stresses. TheLsi1gene encodes a Si transporter that was identified in a mutant Japonica rice variety. This gene was not identified in fourteen Malaysian rice varieties during screening. Then, a mutant version ofLsi1was substituted for the native version in the three most common Malaysian rice varieties, MR219, MR220, and MR276, to evaluate the function of the transgene. Real-time PCR was used to explore the differential expression ofLsi1in the three transgenic rice varieties. Silicon concentrations in the roots and leaves of transgenic plants were significantly higher than in wild-type plants. Transgenic varieties showed significant increases in the activities of the enzymes SOD, POD, APX, and CAT; photosynthesis; and chlorophyll content; however, the highest chlorophyll A and B levels were observed in transgenic MR276. Transgenic varieties have shown a stronger root and leaf structure, as well as hairier roots, compared to the wild-type plants. This suggests thatLsi1plays a key role in rice, increasing the absorption and accumulation of Si, then alters antioxidant activities, and improves morphological properties.

scholarly journals Utilization of Molecular Markers for Rice Breeding

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Tasliah Tasliah
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Phosphate Deficiency ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Early Maturity

Rice is the staple food for more than half of the world's population. Rice production in 2050 must increase by at least 50% to keep up with the population growth. Efforts to increase rice production continue using various strategies. Breeders apply multiple approaches including application of molecular markers in developing varieties better than the previous ones. Since the discovery of the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers in 1980s and the development of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, many types of molecular markers have been developed and applied to various crops including rice. Various molecular approaches to map genetic loci associated with rice superior traits were conducted. The mapped loci are very useful for rice breeding purposes. This paper reports the results of mapping and breeding economically important traits in rice, mainly those related to abiotic stresses, agronomic traits, yield, and yield quality. These included characters of semidwarf stature, aromatic grain, high yield potential, eating quality, higher Zn and Fe grain, more tolerant to abiotic stresses, such as salinity, drought, phosphate deficiency, Al toxicity and Fe toxicity, submergence, as well as early maturity character. The mapped characters can be transferred using marker-assisted backcrossing (MABC) method into cultivated rice genotypes well-adopted by farmers. Several countries including Indonesia have benefited from this breeding method, and Indonesia have released several rice varieties developed through MABC. These include rice varieties such as Code, Angke, Inpari 30, Inpari Blas, Inpari HDB, Bio Patenggang Agritan, and Bioni 63 Ciherang Agritan

scholarly journals Deep Ocean Water Concentrate Changes Physicochemical Characteristics, the Profile of Volatile Components and Consumer Acceptance for Taiwanese Rice Shochu

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1806
Author(s):  
Ming-Kuei Shih ◽  
Qiao-Yu Hsu ◽  
Bo-Kang Liou ◽  
Yu-Han Peng ◽  
Chih-Yao Hou
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Deep Ocean ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Ocean Water ◽  
Ethyl Hexanoate ◽  
Deep Ocean Water

To study the effects of deep-ocean water concentrate (DOWC) on sake quality, Taichung No. 10 indica rice (Oryza sativa subsp. indica) and Tainan No. 11 japonica rice (O. sativa subsp. japonica) were used as raw materials, and basic physicochemical property parameters in shochu were analyzed differentially. Sake fermentation mash analysis results revealed that DOWC addition did not significantly affect the basic physicochemical properties during sake brewing, but it significantly reduced citric acid and malic acid contents in Taichung No. 10 indica rice sake sample by 52–66% and 73–93%, respectively. DOWC addition significantly increased citric acid content in Tainan No. 11 japonica rice sake sample by 32–202%. Rice shochu analysis results revealed that DOWC addition significantly increased isoamyl acetate, ethyl hexanoate, and ethyl octanoate contents in shochu made from japonica rice and indica rice, respectively. The results indicate that rice variety directly affects the types of volatile compounds in rice shochu. Principal component analysis and sensory evaluation results revealed that DOWC addition affected the composition of volatile compounds in the two types of rice shochu and resulted in differences in flavor evaluation. DOWC addition affects yeast metabolites and directly changes the volatile compound composition and flavor of rice shochu.

scholarly journals Isolation of stress-inducible promoter Oshox24 from rice

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Phạm Xuân Hội ◽  
Trần Thị Thúy Nga ◽  
Nguyễn Duy Phương
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Inducible Promoter ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Cis Acting ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Inducible Genes

Plant improvement based on plant transformation technology has become a popular trend all over the world. The isolation and characterization of a complete set of genes/promoters associated with abiotic stress and the cross-talk among salinity, drought or temperature stresses are required for success in generating abiotic stress-resistant varieties. Recently, several studies on model plants demonstrated that the stress-responsive genes under the control of rice promoter Oshox24 were expressed specifically under stress conditions, while not affecting plant growth under normal conditions. In this study, we isolated DNA segments carrying the Oshox24 promoter from an Indica rice variety by PCR using specific primers. The Oshox24 promoter was cloned into the pGEM-T vector and fully sequenced. The nucleotide sequence of the isolated promoter Oshox24 was 1612 bp in size and had similarity of 90% in comparison to the Japonica rice promoter Oshox24 (published in GenBank as ID AP004868.3). Results of sequence analysis showed that the Indica Oshox24 promoter contains 15 stress-responsive cis-acting elements including 5 important groups ABRE, MYBRS/MYCRS, DRE, NACRS and ZFHDRS, and a TATA box located at position 1482 to 1488, suggesting that Oshox24 promoter plays an important role on regulation of abiotic stress inducible genes. The Oshox24 promoter was inserted into the expression vector pCAMBIA1300 for generating abiotic stress resistant plants in the future.

scholarly journals The Development and Characterization of Near-Isogenic and Pyramided Lines Carrying Resistance Genes to Brown Planthopper with the Genetic Background of Japonica Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 498
Author(s):  
Cuong D. Nguyen ◽  
Holden Verdeprado ◽  
Demeter Zita ◽  
Sachiyo Sanada-Morimura ◽  
Masaya Matsumura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens Stål

The brown planthopper (BPH: Nilaparvata lugens Stål.) is a major pest of rice, Oryza sativa, in Asia. Host plant resistance has tremendous potential to reduce the damage caused to rice by the planthopper. However, the effectiveness of resistance genes varies spatially and temporally according to BPH virulence. Understanding patterns in BPH virulence against resistance genes is necessary to efficiently and sustainably deploy resistant rice varieties. To survey BPH virulence patterns, seven near-isogenic lines (NILs), each with a single BPH resistance gene (BPH2-NIL, BPH3-NIL, BPH17-NIL, BPH20-NIL, BPH21-NIL, BPH32-NIL and BPH17-ptb-NIL) and fifteen pyramided lines (PYLs) carrying multiple resistance genes were developed with the genetic background of the japonica rice variety, Taichung 65 (T65), and assessed for resistance levels against two BPH populations (Hadano-66 and Koshi-2013 collected in Japan in 1966 and 2013, respectively). Many of the NILs and PYLs were resistant against the Hadano-66 population but were less effective against the Koshi-2013 population. Among PYLs, BPH20+BPH32-PYL and BPH2+BPH3+BPH17-PYL granted relatively high BPH resistance against Koshi-2013. The NILs and PYLs developed in this research will be useful to monitor BPH virulence prior to deploying resistant rice varieties and improve rice’s resistance to BPH in the context of regionally increasing levels of virulence.

scholarly journals Genetic Improvement of Japonica Rice Variety Wuyujing 3 for Stripe Disease Resistance and Eating Quality by Pyramiding Stv-bi and Wx-mq

Rice Science ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Tao ◽  
Wu Hao ◽  
Zhang Ya-dong ◽  
Zhu Zhen ◽  
Zhao Qi-yong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Japonica Rice Variety

Geographic pattern of variation among Asian native rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.) based on fifteen isozyme loci

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 782-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Glaszmann
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Geographic Pattern ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Himalayan Foothills

The geographic pattern of isozyme variation among rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.) in Asia is described based on an electrophoretic survey of 1688 accessions for 15 loci. The distribution patterns are strongly determined by the existence of several varietal groups that are characterized by contrasting multilocus types with dissimilar environmental and macrogeographic distributions. The two main groups correspond to the indica and japonica subspecies. Other types are frequently found in the Indian subcontinent, especially along the Himalayan foothills. These types are predominant in the Indus River basin. They are differentiated into four groups in the eastern part of the Himalayan foothills. There is variation within the groups. Non-random allele distributions are observed, such as regional clines and narrow localization of alleles. Diversity among indica rice is evenly distributed in whole tropical Asia. Variation among japonica rice shows the hilly part of continental Southeast Asia to be the region of highest genetic diversity and its probable area of origin. All this information provides a guide for further analysis aimed at elucidating the history of cultivated rice in Asia and, subsequently, in other continents.Key words: Asian rice, genetic diversity, isozymes, geographic distributions.

Identification of Rice Variety Using near Infrared Spectroscopy

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (A) ◽  
pp. A67-A73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.K. Kwon ◽  
R.K. Cho
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Dna Fingerprint ◽  
Image Processing Technique ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
The Government ◽  
Non Destructive

Current techniques for the discrimination of varieties of rice is known not to be objective because of having to depend on the naked eye of a well trained inspector. DNA fingerprint methods, based on the genetic character of rice, has been shown to be inappropriate for on-site application because the method needs a lot of labour and skilled expertise. In order to solve these problems, many researchers have tried to develop a non-destructive method which possesses speed and functionality for the inspection centre of the government. Rice consumers want tot confirm cultivation origin and its variety because they believe price or eating score has a high correlation according to them. Sometimes illegal utilisation of rice has been reported and the variety name has been mismatched with the actual rice variety due to the non-establishment of objective techniques for discrimination of rice origin and variety. On the basis of this situation, we investigated the possibility of developing a non-destructive discriminant method for the domestic rice variety in this research. At the 8th IDRC held at Chambersburg in 1996 we reported that an image processing technique using a CCD camera could discriminate the variety of rice with high accuracy in the case of quite different shaped rice but the accuracy reached 90% for similarly shaped rice. At the prsent conference, near infrared spectroscopy, which can offer internal characters of a single rice kernel, giving useful information for identifying rice variety, was introduced. We have developed several tools for measuing the NIR spectra of whole, polished rice. The spectra using a single grain cell with grinding facilities was more effective than the others in accuracy of identification after principal component analysis. In conclusion, near infrared spectroscopy can be used to identify rice varieties even though even though accuracy of identification needs to be improved.

scholarly journals Genetic analysis of rice seedling traits related to machine transplanting under different seeding densities

BMC Genetics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Zhu ◽  
Yuping Zhang ◽  
Jing Xiang ◽  
Yaliang Wang ◽  
Defeng Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rice Seedling ◽  
Seeding Density ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Seedling Traits ◽  
Ril Population

Abstract Background Due to the diversity of rice varieties and cropping systems in China, the limitation of seeding density and seedling quality makes it hard to improve machine-transplanted efficiency. Previous studies have shown that indica and japonica varieties varied in machine transplanting efficiency and optimal seeding density. In this study, a RIL population derived from ‘9311’ and ‘Nipponbare’ were performed to explore the seedling traits variations and the genetic mechanism under three seeding densities. Results The parents and RIL population exhibited similar trends as the seeding density increased, including seedling height and first leaf sheath length increases, shoot dry weight and root dry weight decreases. Among the 37 QTLs for six traits detected under the three seeding densities, 12 QTLs were detected in both three seeding densities. Five QTL hotspots identified clustered within genomic regions on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 6 and 11. Specific QTLs such as qRDW1.1 and qFLSL5.1 were detected under low and high seeding densities, respectively. Detailed analysis the QTL regions identified under specific seeding densities revealed several candidate genes involved in phytohormones signals and abiotic stress responses. Whole-genome additive effects showed that ‘9311’ contributed more loci enhancing trait performances than ‘Nipponbare’, indicating ‘9311’ was more sensitive to the seeding density than ‘Nipponbare’. The prevalence of negative epistasis effects indicated that the complementary two-locus homozygotes may not have marginal advantages over the means of the two parental genotypes. Conclusions Our results revealed the differences between indica rice and japonica rice seedling traits in response to seeding density. Several QTL hotspots involved in different traits and specific QTLs (such as qRDW1.1 and qFLSL5.1) in diverse seeding densities had been detected. Genome-wide additive and two-locus epistasis suggested a dynamic of the genetic control underlying different seeding densities. It was concluded that novel QTLs, additive and epistasis effects under specific seeding density would provide adequate information for rice seedling improvement during machine transplanting.

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