Pengaruh Pemupukan dan Mikoriza terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Karet Muda Pada Model Peremajaan Bertahap

Model peremajaan bertahap merupakan salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan produktivitas karet rakyat yang sudah tua dan rusak. Kelemahan dari model ini adalah tingginya keragaman pertumbuhan tanaman muda di lapangan. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemupukan ekstra dan pemberian mikoriza terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman karet muda dalam model peremajaan secara bertahap. Lokasi penelitian di Desa Ramsay, Kecamatan Way Tuba, jenis tanah podsolik merah kuning dengan klasifikasi iklim termasuk B2 menurut Oldemand, mulai tahun 2012 sampai tahun 2014. Penelitian dilakukan dengan rancangan petak terpisah. Sebagai petak utama adalah umur tanaman: P1 (umur 3 tahun), P2 (2 tahun), dan P3 (1 tahun). Sebagai anak petak adalah dosis pupuk: D1 (dosis 100% rekomendasi), D2 (dosis 100% rekomendasi + mikoriza), D3 (dosis 125% rekomendasi), dan D4 (dosis 125% rekomendasi + mikoriza). Pemberian pupuk dilakukan dua kali setahun, sedangkan mikoriza diberikan satu kali setahun pada akhir musim hujan. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan adalah klon karet PB 260, dengan teknik budidaya standar seperti penyiangan, bobokor, dan penyiraman pada saat musim kemarau. Peubah yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman dan lilit batang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian pupuk ekstra 25% dari rekomendasi yang ditambah dengan mikoriza mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman karet yang tertinggal pertumbuhannya karena umur yang lebih muda. Dosis pupuk 125% dari rekomendasi + mikoriza dapat menghasilkan pertumbuhan tanaman umur 2 tahun sama dengan pertumbuhan tanaman umur 3 tahun yang dipupuk dengan dosis rekomendasi. Mikoriza bekerja secara sinergis dengan pupuk anorganik, dan mampu meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi pemupukan ekstra pada model peremajaan karet secara bertahap.Kata kunci: Karet, pupuk, mikoriza, peremajaanGradual rejuvenation model is an option to increase the productivity of smallholder rubber plantation due to old and damaged plants. The limitation of this model is the high variation of the growth of young plant in the field. This study aimed to determine the effect of extra fertilization and mycorrhiza on the growth of young rubber plants in the gradual rejuvenation model. The research was located at Ramsay Village, Way Tuba District, with red-yellow podzolic soil types and climate type of B2 according to Oldemand, from 2012 to 2014, and arranged in split plot design. The plant age, P1 (3 years old); P2 (2 years old); and P3 (1 year old) was denoted as the main plot, whereas the subplot is fertilizer dosage, D1 (100% of recommended dosage); D2 (100% of recommended dosage + mycorrhiza; D3 (125% of recommended dosage); D4 (125% of recommended dosage + mycorrhiza). Fertilizer application was done twice a year, while mycorrhiza were given once a year toward the end of the rainy season. The plant material used was PB 260 clone, with a standard agricultural practices such as weeding and watering during the dry season. Variables measured were plant height and girth. The results showed that application of 25% extra from the recommended dosage + mycorrhiza was able to accelerate the growth of young rubber plants. Fertilizer dose of 125% from the recommendation + mycorrhiza applied on 2-year-old plants exhibited the same growth with 3-year-old plant that treated with recommended dosage. This result indicates that mycorrhiza works synergistically with inorganic fertilizer, which enhances the effectivity and efficiency of extra fertilization in gradually rejuvenation models.

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INFLUENCE OF PLANT DENSITY, COMPOST AND BIOFERTILIZER ON TRUE SHALLOT SEED GROWTH IN ALLUVIAL SOIL

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.21082/ijas.v21n2.2020.p70-77 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 70

Author(s):

Gina Aliya Sopha

Keyword(s):

Allium Cepa ◽

Plant Density ◽

Alluvial Soil ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Alluvial Soils ◽

Seed Growth ◽

Plant Densities ◽

Main Plot ◽

Bulb Yield ◽

Plot Design

True shallot seed (Allium cepa var Aggregatum group) is an alternative way of growing shallot. Different environments and cultivars need a specific study. The aim of this research was to find out the best technology to grow Trisula true shallot seed by managing plant densities and applying compost and biofertilizer in alluvial soils. The study was performed from May to October 2015, using a split-plot design with four replications. The main plot was plant density: 100 plants m-2 and 70 plants m-2. Subplots were five fertilizer application combinations, they were 100% recommended dose of NPK (R-NPK), 100% R-NPK + compost, 100% R-NPK + compost + biofertilizer, 50% R-NPK + compost and 50% R-NPK + compost + biofertilizer. Results showed that biomass and bulb yield were significantly affected by plant density and fertilizer application. The reduced 50% R-NPK by substituting with compost and biofertilizer was unable to maintain shallot bulb yield equal to 100% R-NPK, suggesting insufficient nutrients derived from compost to satisfy the shallot requirement. The best technology to grow true shallot seed of Trisula variety was 100 plants m-2 plant density and 100% NPK (consisting of 180 kg N ha-1, 52 kg P ha-1 and 50 kg K ha-1) with 2.5 t ha-1 compost that achieved the highest bulb yield of 9.83 t ha-1 and increased the revenue.

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Studi jarak tanam dan naungan terhadap pertumbuhan dan potensi Asystasia gangetica (L.) T. Anderson sebagai tanaman penutup tanah

Kultivasi ◽

10.24198/kultivasi.v18i3.21422 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Yenni Asbur ◽

Yayuk Purwaningrum ◽

Rahmi Dwi Handayani Rambe ◽

Dedi Kusbiantoro ◽

Dian Hendrawan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ecosystem Services ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Cover Crop ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Weed Cover ◽

Main Plot ◽

Planting Distance ◽

Crop Planting ◽

Asystasia Gangetica ◽

Plot Design

Sari Tanaman penutup tanah adalah salah satu praktek pertanian berbasis alam yang dapat meningkatkan penyediaan berbagai layanan ekosistem di agroekosistem. A. gangetica merupakan gulma yang banyak dijumpai di perkebunan kelapa sawit dan berpotensi sebagai tanaman penutup tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari jarak tanam optimum terhadap pertumbuhan dan potensi A. gangetica sebagai tanaman penutup tanah pada lahan terbuka dan ternaungi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan, Fakultas Pertanian UISU, Medan, dari Januari-April 2018. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terpisah dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama sebagai petak utama adalah naungan yang terdiri dari dua taraf, yaitu: tanpa naungan dan naungan 50%. Faktor kedua sebagai anak petak adalah jarak tanam yang terdiri dari tiga taraf, yaitu: 10 cm x 10 cm, 20 cm x 20 cm, 40 cm x 40 cm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa A. gangetica berpotensi sebagai tanaman penutup tanah karena tumbuh cepat, cepat menutupi lahan, mampu beradaptasi terhadap lingkungan, dan mampu menekan pertumbuhan gulma dengan jarak tanam optimum 20 cm x 20 cm..Kata Kunci: Tanaman penutup tanah, jarak tanam, naungan, menekan gulma Abstract. Cover crop is one of nature-based agricultural practices that can increase the provision of various ecosystem services in agro-ecosystems. A. gangetica is a weed that is often found in oil palm plantations and has the potential as a cover crop. This study aimed to study the optimum planting distance of growth and potential of A. gangetica as a cover crop on open and shaded land. The study was conducted at the Experimental Field, Faculty of Agriculture, UISU, Medan, from January to April 2018. The study used a Split Plot Design with three replications. The first factor as main plot was shade that consisted of two levels, there were: without shade and 50% shaded. The second factor as subplot was planting distance which consisted of three levels, there were: 10 cm x 10 cm, 20 cm x 20 cm, and 40 cm x 40 cm. The results showed that A. gangetica has the potential as cover crop because it grew fast, cover land rapidly, adapt to the environment, and able to suppress weed with an optimum planting distance of 20 cm x 20 cm.Keywords: Cover crop, planting distance, shade, weed cover

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Pertumbuhan dan Kandungan Minyak Atsiri Tanaman Selasih (Ocimum basilicum L.) pada Naungan dan Dosis Pupuk Fosfat yang Berbeda

Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) ◽

10.24831/jai.v46i2.20719 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 197

Author(s):

Diana Nurus Sholehah ◽

Suhartono , ◽

Dan Angga Lesmana

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Phosphate Fertilizer ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Ocimum Basilicum ◽

Main Plot ◽

Total Dry Weight ◽

Almost All ◽

Great Potency ◽

Plot Design

ABSTRACT Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a plant that has great potency to be developed. Almost all parts of the plant can be utilized. This study aimed to determine the effect of shade and phosphate fertilizer on growth and essential oil content in basil. This research was conducted at the experimental field of Agrotechnology Departement, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Trunojoyo Madura, during January-April 2015. The research was arranged in a split plot design with 3 replications. Main plot was shading i.e., without shading and 25% shading. The subplots were phosphate fertilizer rate, i.e., 0, 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 g SP36 per plant that was planted in polybags. The results showed that plants treated with 25% of shading and applied with phosphate 3 g per plant had the highest total dry weight, production of essential oil and eugenol. Shading of 25% give the best results on plant height, leaf area and total fresh weight of the plant. Application of phosphate fertilizer 3 g per plant give the highest content of chlorophyll (chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll), while the highest essential oil and eugenol content of leaves is obtained from application of phosphate fertilizer 3 and 4.5 g per plant. Shading and phosphate fertilizer application did not affect leaf number. Keywords: chlorophyll, eugenol, leaf, phenylpropanoids, production

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PERBAIKAN TEKNOLOGI BUDIDAYA PADI RAMAH LINGKUNGAN POTENSI HASIL TINGGI MELALUI PENGELOLAAN HARA DI LAHAN BUKAAN BARU

Agroswagati Jurnal Agronomi ◽

10.33603/agroswagati.v7i2.2799 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 96

Author(s):

Idrus Hasmi ◽

L. M. Zarwazi ◽

Dukat Dukat

Keyword(s):

Yield Potential ◽

High Yield ◽

Recommended Dosage ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

West Kalimantan ◽

Research Results ◽

Main Plot ◽

Fertilization Level ◽

Plot Design ◽

High Yield Potential

developed. This study aims to obtain optimum fertilization technology in several new high yielding rice varieties with high yield potential in new open fields. Research has been carried out in new openings in two locations, namely in West Kalimantan Province, with the criteria for new openings in the first location are new openings less than 5 years old and the second location is openings aged 5-10 years after opening. The study refers to a split plot design with 3 replications. The main plot is fertilization level consisting of (R1) Fertilizer dosage recommendations for new openings, (R2) PTT recommended dosage fertilizers, (R3) Fertilizer dosage way of farmers (local), as plots are (V1) Inpara 9, (V2) Inpari 22, (V3) Inpari 30. Research results show that in new openings of land aged <5 years, inpari 22 has a significant effect on the formation of panicles per clump and percent grains of contents while inpari 30 has an effect on increasing the weight of 1000 grains. In newly opened land of 5-10 years, inpari 22 had a significant effect on the formation of panicles per clump while inpari 30 had an effect on increasing percent grains of content and weight of 1000 grains. The dosage treatment with recommended fertilizer dosages for new openings and inpari 22 has a tendency to produce the highest MPD results in new openings with land age <5 years. The dosage treatment with the recommended PTT fertilizer dosage and inpari 30 variety has a tendency to produce the highest MPD results in new openings with a land age of 5-10 years.

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The Effect of Organic Fertilizer in the Increasing of Local Upland Rice Production on Marginal Land in North Buton Indonesia

Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia ◽

10.13005/bbra/2540 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 1051-1054 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Budianti Kadidaa ◽

Gusti R. Sadimantara ◽

Suaib Suaib ◽

La Ode Safuan ◽

Muhidin Muhidin

Keyword(s):

Upland Rice ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Rice Cultivar ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Grain Number ◽

Dry Land ◽

Main Plot ◽

Upland Rice Cultivar ◽

Plot Design

ABSTRACT: Demand for rice as a source of food in Indonesia continues to increase in line with the growth of population, while the capacity to produce paddy rice increasingly limited. One of the efforts is to develop upland rice by utilizing the dry land with organic fertilizer application. The research was conducted in North Buton using split plot design. The main plot was the treatment of manure dosage consisting of 4 levels of treatment and the second factor of local upland rice cultivars as a subplot consisting of 22 cultivars. Production characters were observed and assessments are panicle length, grain number, number of grain content, wet grain weight, dried grain weight, grain weight per culm, and grain yield (t ha-1). The results showed that the yield potency of local upland rice cultivar in North Buton ranged from 3.11- 4.97 t ha-1 and the treatment of organic fertilizer can increase the yield components of upland rice.

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Strategy of nitrogen fertilizer application to increase growth and yield of rice in ratoon system at tidal swampland

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.20.14.06.p2524 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1004-1010

Author(s):

Gribaldi Gribaldi ◽

Nurlaili Nurlaili ◽

Firnawati Sakalena ◽

Nurmala Dewi ◽

Ardi Asroh

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Good Effect ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Main Crop ◽

Main Plot ◽

Plot Design

This study aims to determine the effect of regulating the provision of nitrogen fertilizer on several rice varieties on the growth and yield of rice in ratoon system at the Tidal swampland. A split plot design was employed in this experiment. The main plot was nitrogen fertilizer application (N) consisting of N1, N2, N3, and N4. The subplot is rice varieties (V) consisting of Inpari 30 (V1), Inpara 3 (V2), Inpari 33 (V3), Inpari 43 (V4) and Hipa 5 Ceva (V5). The results showed that ½ dose nitrogen fertilization given at planting + ½ dose at primordia had a good effect on the growth and yield of the main crop, whereas 1/3 dose nitrogen fertilization given at planting + 1/3 dose at primordia + 1/3 dose at harvest tends to have a good effect on ratoon yield. Variety Hipa 5 Ceva produced highest yield of unhusked rice (i.e. 4.9 tons ha-1 for the main crop and 2.71 tons ha-1 for ratoon) at (N3): 135 kg N ha-1 fertilizer, when ½ dose was given at planting + ½ dose at primordia. The variety Hipa 5 Ceva with various nitrogen fertilization strategies provided the highest total grain yield in the ratoon system at tidal swampland.

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Respon 10 Varietas Krisan (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzelev) terhadap Dua Aplikasi Pemupukan di Lahan Terbuka

Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) ◽

10.24831/jai.v44i1.12505 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 76

Author(s):

Ika Rahmawati ◽

Budi Winarto

Keyword(s):

Open Field ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Flower Initiation ◽

Dendranthema Grandiflora ◽

Rust Disease ◽

Main Plot ◽

Ornamental Crops ◽

Experimental Garden ◽

Plot Design

ABSTRACT Cultivation of the chrysanthemum is usually carried out under the plastic-house to produce high quality flowers, but in some areas such as in Karo (North Sumatera), farmers have grown the plant in the open field using selected varieties for the same purpose. The study was aimed to assess responses of ten varieties of chrysanthemum toward two applications methods of fertilizer which was carried out in open-field at Segunung Experimental Garden, Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute (IOCRI) from July till December 2011. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design with three replications. The main plot was ten chrysanthemum varieties of Besar Kuning, Merah Hati and Sakuntala; Besar Bandung, Berlian Putih, Matahari Kuning, Mata Kucing, Mata Dewa, Swarna Kencana and Puspita Nusantara. The subplot were two fertilizer applications methods, Karo and Balithi. Karo: manure 100 kg m-2 and 50 kg m-2 (in month 2), urea 30 g m-2 (in month 3) and Balithi: manure 20 ton ha-1, urea 200 kg ha-1, 350 kg KCl ha-1 dan 300 kg SP-36 ha-1, supplementary 1.5 g urea m-2, 6 g KNO3 dan 6 g SP-36 m-2. Both methods of applications can be applied to open field cultivation. Method of fertilizer application significantly affected stem diameter, intensity of disease infection and the time of flower initiation. The Balithi’s fertilizer application significantly reduced the intensity of rust disease on chrysanthemum, while Karo’s fertilizer application significantly increased stem diameter. Keywords: Chrysanthemum, open-field, two fertilization application, stem diameter, rust disease

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Pertumbuhan Sengon dan Produksi Padi Gogo pada Taraf Pemupukan P yang Berbeda dalam Sistem Agroforestri

Journal of Tropical Silviculture ◽

10.29244/j-siltrop.10.1.1-6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Derie Kusuma Budi Ningrum ◽

Nurheni Wijayanto ◽

Arum Sekar Wulandari

Keyword(s):

Upland Rice ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Agroforestry System ◽

Paraserianthes Falcataria ◽

Split Plot ◽

P Fertilizer ◽

Main Plot ◽

High Production ◽

Plot Design

Agroforestry of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) and sengon tree (Paraserianthes falcataria) could increase the growth of sengon trees; however, it would also increase the percentage of empty grain due to shade from the tree. Fertilization with P is expected to increase plant height, grain weight and weight of straw of upland rice and growth of sengon tree. The aim of this research is to analyze the growth and production of sengon and upland rice with agroforestry and P fertilizer application. Application in cultivation of upland rice using split-split plot design. The main plot is agroforestry and monoculture, subplot of Sintanur and Situ Bagendit varieties and split-split plot of P fertilization consisting of 4 levels, namely: P 0 = 0 g / plant, P50 = 3 g / plant, P100 = 6 g / plant and P150 = 9 g / plant. The application of P fertilizer showed that P 100% had high production on Sintanur varieties with monoculture. Agroforestry system can increase the growth of sengon plants.Keywords: agroforestry, P fertilizer, sengon, upland rice.

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Increasing Cauliflower Yields through Fertigation

Journal of Tropical Crop Science ◽

10.29244/jtcs.5.1.1-5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Majesta Esa Sofian ◽

Anas Dinurrohman Susila

Keyword(s):

Growth Yield ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

High Yield ◽

Net Income ◽

Economic Returns ◽

Vegetable Crop ◽

Soil Drench ◽

Main Plot ◽

The Tropics ◽

Plot Design

Cauliflower is one the important vegetable crop in the tropics; the curd contains high fibres, potassium, carotene and vitamin C. However, the production and productivity of cauliflower in Indonesia has been low and cannot meet the demand, resulting in high importation of cauliflowers into Indonesia. Bogor Agricultural University has developed potential lowland cauliflower genotypes, BOB017 and BOB020, with higher productivity. In this study, we evaluated three fertigation methods on the growth, yield and economic returns of the two lowland cauliflower genotypes. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design with four replications. The main plot contained two cauliflower genotypes, BOB017 and BOB020. The subplot was three fertilizer application methods: through drip irrigation, soil drench, and drilled. The results showed that BOB020 had an earlier harvest time (60 days) compared to BOB017 (71 days). The soil drench fertigation method showed the highest curd weight (351.64 g), curd diameter (14.65 cm) and yield (12.39 t.ha-1) compared to the other two fertigation methods. The BOB017 genotype fertilized with soil drench method resulted in the highest B/C ratio (3.32). The study concluded that growing cauliflower using the soil drench method resulted in the optimum growth of cauliflower, high yield and net income.

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Respon Padi Gogo Terhadap Residu Pupuk Organik

Agrotek ◽

10.30862/agt.v3i2.566 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Baso Daeng

Keyword(s):

Environmental Sustainability ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Growing Season ◽

Chicken Manure ◽

Good Effect ◽

Best Response ◽

Different Types ◽

Main Plot ◽

Plot Design

The rate of conversion of paddy fields and irrigation water crisis suggest to consider the development of upland rice.� Empowerment of organic-based dryland done to increase rice, as well as environmental sustainability efforts.� The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effect of organic fertilizer residue to upland rice in the second growing season.� Experiments using a split-split plot design.� The main plot consisted of a dosage of 50% and 100% organic fertilizer in the first growing season.� Sub plot consisted of chicken manure (20 tons ha-1), Centrosema� pubescens (4.3 tons ha-1) + chicken manure (10 tons ha-1), and Thitonia diversifolia (4.3 tons ha-1) + chicken manure (10 tons ha-1).� Sub-sub plot consist of Danau Gaung and Batu Tegi varieties.� The different types of fertilizer had no effect on plant productivity.� The addition of Thitonia diversifolia gave a good effect on some growth variable and its resistance due pathogen attack.� Batu Tegi varieties are varieties that give the best response from an organic fertilizer.� Interaction between dosage, type of fertilizer, and varieties do not provide areal impact.

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