scholarly journals Efektivitas Aplikasi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula dan Arang Hayati terhadap Pertumbuhan Benih Kakao

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Dewi Nur Rokhmah ◽  
Iing Sobari ◽  
Kurnia Dewi Sasmita
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Important Process ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Rice Husk Biochar

<em>Seedling is an important process in preparing cocoa plant material. The growing medium must have sufficient nutrition and physical properties to enable cocoa seeds to grow well. Arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) and biological charcoal (biochar) added into growing media were expected to increase the growth of cocoa seeds. The study aimed to determine the effect of AMF and biological charcoal on the growth of cocoa seeds. The randomized complete block design (RBD) in factorial 2 factors with three replications was used in this study. The first factor was AMF application consisted of two levels, namely: M0 = without AMF and M1 = application of 10 g/seedling AMF (100 spores/seedling). The second factor was the biochar application consisted of 5 factors namely: B0 = no biochar, B1 = 2% rice husk biochar, B2 = 4% rice husk biochar, B3 = 2% albizia wood biochar, and B4 = 4% albizia wood biochar. The variables observed were the height of seedling, number of leaves and stem diameter at 3, 4, 5 and 6 month after planting (MAP), leaf chlorophyll content, weight of dry cocoa seedling, and nutrient content in seedling media. The result showed that the application of AMF significantly affected the height of seedling at 3, 4, 5 and 6 MAP. While the application of biochar significantly affected the height and number of leaves of cacao seedlings.</em>

scholarly journals Effect of Different Rates of Rice Husk Biochar on the Initial Growth of Moringa oleifera under Greenhouse Conditions in the Savannah Ecological Zone of Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Ammal Abukari ◽  
Nasare Iddrisu Nasare
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Ecological Zone ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Rice Husk Biochar

This investigation was conducted to evaluate the outcome of rice husk biochar on growth performance of moringa. The study was carried-out in a greenhouse for 52 days. Different rates of rice husk biochar (150 to 350 g) was mixed with 500 g of soil. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 treatments (each of which was replicated 3 times) was used, giving a total of 12 experimental units. Plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves were assessed for each treatment. Results indicate that rice husk biochar (150 g, 250 g and 350 g) significantly increased the stem diameter of moringa as compared to that of the control 52 days after in the greenhouse. An increase in the number of leaves were observed at 150 g rice husk biochar after 40 days compared to the control. There were significant differences between treatments effects on all the parameters. Different rates of biochar certainly could constitute vital use of fertilizer to improve growth moringa in the nursery.

scholarly journals Effect of growing media on the germination and seedling growth of Borneo sour eggplant

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Ainnie Shaherah Ahmad Sabri ◽  
◽  
Fauziah Abu Bakar ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Indigenous Fruit ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Local Farmers

Borneo sour eggplant, a popular indigenous fruit vegetable in Borneo, has become an important fruit not only to local people, but also to tourists who visit Borneo. One of the challenges in planting this crop is lacking information, particularly in finding suitable media for its growth, eventually inhibiting local farmers from growing the crop commercially. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of 4 growing media compositions (M1: topsoil, M2: topsoil and compost, M3: topsoil and cocopeat and M4: topsoil, compost and cocopeat) on the germination and growth performance of sour eggplant seedlings. The experiment was tested in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 10 replicates. At the end of germination period, seeds planted in M4 medium produced the highest germination rate of 96.67% and was significantly different (P < 0.05) from those sown in other growing media. However, the performance of the seedlings in terms of height, stem diameter, number of leaves and length of leaves showed significant increase (P < 0.05) in M2 medium. This study has demonstrated that M2 medium could improve the growth performance of the seedlings and therefore is recommended as suitable growing media for planting sour eggplant. Keywords: Growth performance, growing medium, indigenous fruit, sour eggplant.

scholarly journals A comparison of Vertical and Conventional Cultivation, Planting Distances and Growing Medium in the Growth and Yield of Three Varieties of Strawberry

2021 ◽  
Vol 904 (1) ◽  
pp. 012060
Author(s):  
M A Mustafa ◽  
H B Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Design System ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Plot Design ◽  
Gm Plant

Abstract This study is conducted in the unheated greenhouse of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape-College of Agriculture – Tikrit University during the two seasons 2019-2020. It aims at comparing between vertical and terrestrial cultivation and cultivation distances in growth and yield of three cultivars of strawberry. The study includes three factors. The first factor is the method of cultivation which includes two methods of cultivation, terrestrial cultivation and vertical cultivation in pipes. The second factor is planting distances which include three distances, 15, 20 and 25 cm between one plant and another, The third factor related to varieties and includes three, namely Camarosa, Ventana and Sweet Charlie, The experiment is implemented by randomized complete block design according to the split-split Plot Design system, with three replications, each replicate containing 9 experimental units with a length of 2 meters, the cultivation method was set in the main plots and the planting distances in the sub-plots, while the cultivars took the sub-sub-plots. The results have shown the superiority of the terrestrial cultivation treatment over the vertical cultivation in each of the number of leaves, the content of the leaves from chlorophyll, the average number of fruits, the weight of the fruit and the yield of the greenhouse, which reached to 13.74 leaves of plant-1, 49.25 SPAD, 15.71 fruit plant-1, 15.28 gm, and 238.5 gm plant-1, respectively. The Sweet Charlie variety outperformed in the average number of leaves, leaf content of chlorophyll, fruit weight and greenhouse yield, with 15.97 leaves plant-1, 50.47 SPAD, 15.39 gm and 231.5 gm plant-1, respectively. The distance 25 cm between one plant and another outperformed in the above-mentioned characteristics, which reached to 13.97 leaves plant-1, 49.98 SPAD, 15.25 fruits plant-1 and 212.3 gm plant-1, respectively.

scholarly journals Growth of cut roses under application of products with physiological effects

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-124
Author(s):  
Higor Mcarter Senra Almeida ◽  
João Henrique Ferreira Sabino ◽  
Maria de Lourdes Neres da Silva ◽  
Victoria Jéssica Galvão de Freitas ◽  
Anamaria Ribeiro Pereira Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Control Application ◽  
Biomass Partition

The cultivation of cut roses can be compromised when cultivated in regions where climatic conditions are limiting for their adequate growth and development, so it is necessary to use appropriate technologies and inputs for their production. The application of products that promote physiological changes in the plant, such as fungicides or plant regulators might be viable technologies for rose production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth of cv. Carola under application of products with physiological effects cultivated in the Valley of the submedium São Francisco. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a 6 x 6 factorial design, with 6 products with physiological action (control - application of water, boscalid, pyraclostrobin, boscalid + pyraclostrobin, fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin and plant growth regulator) and 6 periods of analysis (40, 68, 124, 180, 236 and 292 days after transplantation, DAT) with four replicas of 12 plants each. Throughout the dates were evaluated the number of leaves, leaf area, total leaf chlorophyll, dry mass of leaves, stems, flowering branches, total dry mass, production of stems per plant and the biomass partition. There were significant differences for all variables studied except for the production of stems per plant. Regarding the biomass partition, a variation of values among applied products was observed over time, however, fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin and the growth regulator presented a balance among the dry mass of leaves, stem and flowering branches. The application of products belonging to the group of strobilurins as well as growth regulators is promising for the cultivation of cut roses in the semiarid.

scholarly journals Respon Pertumbuhan Anggrek Dendrobium Terhadap Jenis Media Tanam Dan Pupuk Daun

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Dewi Andalasari ◽  
Yafisham Yafisham ◽  
Nuraini Nuraini
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Healthy Plant ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Selection Of

The use of ferns as growing media orchids ranging deemed expensive , so it is necessary to find an alternative media as a media surrogate fern that has been used .This study aimed to explore alternative growing media and fertilizers are good for growth and development of dendrobium orchids . Selection of a good planting medium and the proper use of fertilizers can be expected to support healthy plant growth and quality of orchids .Greenhouse experiments were conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture University of Lampung . Treatment arrangement was factorial by randomized complete block design with three replication. The treatment is done byp factorial ( 6x2 ) . The first factor is the type of growing medium consists of wood charcoal ( M1 ) , ferns ( M2 ) , husk + sawdust ( M3 ) , acacia bark ( M4 ) , cocochip ( M5 ) and coconut bark ( M6 ) . The second factor is the type of foliar fertilizer consists of Gandasil ( P1 ) and Hyponex ( P2 ) . Data were analyzed by analysis of variance followed by HSD test at 5% level .The results showed that the use of media orchids ferns produce good vegetative growth , not unlike the use of planting medium charcoal , charcoal husk + sawdust , bark and bark acacia tree oil , but it is different than the use of cocochip shown in variable plant height , number of leaves , leaf length and leaf width . While foliar fertilizers that produce good growth is fertilizer Gandasil . Key word: dendrobium , growing media , foliar fertilizers

scholarly journals Pengaruh Media Tumbuh Biochar Sekam Padi Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Kelapa Sawit

Buletin Palma ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
BASRI A B ◽  
. CHAIRUNNAS ◽  
ABDUL AZIS
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Black Line ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Rice Husk Biochar

<p><span style="font-size: medium;">ABSTRAK </span></p><p>Bibit kelapa sawit yang baik salah satunya ditentukan oleh media tumbuh. Penggunaan kompos ataupun pupuk kandang sering berhasil memperbaiki produktivitas tanah dan  mensuplai unsur hara ke tanaman. Namun, keuntungan pembenah tanah seperti ini bersifat jangka pendek, terutama di daerah tropis, karena dekomposisi bahan organik yang diberikan berlangsung cepat dan biasanya mengalami mineralisasi menjadi CO2. Karbon hitam (C), yang disebut sebagai biochar dapat mengatasi beberapa keterbatasan suplai bahan organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan komposisi media tumbuh biochar yang sesuai untuk pertumbuhan bibit kelapa  sawit. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 10 perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah (1) Topsoil 100%, (2) Biochar sekam padi 100%, (3) Topsoil 50% + biochar sekam padi 50%, (4) Topsoil 50% + kompos 50%, (5) Topsoil 66,6% + biochar sekam padi 33,4%, (6) Topsoil 66,6% + kompos 33,4%, (7) Topsoil 33,3% + biochar sekam padi 33,3% + kompos 33,4%, (8) Topsoil 50% + biochar sekam padi 25% + kompos 25%, (9) Topsoil 40% + biochar sekam padi 40% + kompos 20%, (10) Topsoil 25%+ biochar sekam padi 50% + kompos 25%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit yang terbaik diperoleh pada media tumbuh campuran topsoil 40%+ biochar sekam padi 40% + kompos 20%.</p><p>Kata kunci : Pembibitan kelapa sawit,  biochar sekam padi, media tumbuh.</p><p> </p><p><strong><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: black; line-height: 115%; letter-spacing: -0.35pt; font-family: 'Arial Bold'; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Arial Bold'; mso-font-width: 95%; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">The Effect of Biochar Medium on Oil Palm Seedling Growth </span></span></strong></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">ABSTRACT </span></p><p>Good oil palm seedlings among otyher thing determined by the growing medium. The use of compost or manure often managed to improve productivity, supply nutrient to the palm. But the advantage of using compost or manure to improve soil fertility are share term, especially in the tropic, because decomposition of organic material and usually under go CO2. Black carbon is called biochar can over come some of the limititations of the supply of organic. The research aims to obtain the composition of biochar growth media which suitable for growing of oil palm seedlings. The research was designed by using Randomized Block Design with 10 growth media treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were tested consist of (1) Topsoil 100%, (2) Rice husk biochar 100%, (3) Topsoil 50% + rice husk biochar 50%, (4) Topsoil 50% + compost 50%, (5) Topsoil 66,6% + rice husk biochar 33,4%, (6) Topsoil 66,6% + compost33,4%, (7) Topsoil 33,3% + rice husk biochar 33,3% + compost33,4%, (8) Topsoil 50% + rice husk biochar 25% + compost 25%, (9) Topsoil 40% + rice husk biochar 40% + compost  20%, (10) Topsoil 25% + rice husk biochar 50% + compost 25%. Result indicated that the best growth of oil palm seedlings was obtained on media topsoil 40% + rice husk biochar 40% + compost 20%.</p><p>Keywords: Oil palm nursery, rice husk biochar, growth media.</p>

scholarly journals PENGARUH CAMPURAN MEDIA TANAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN STROBERI (Fragaria vesca L.) SEBAGAI TANAMAN HIAS TAMAN VERTIKAL

Agric ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Endah Pratiwi ◽  
Bistok Hasiholan Simanjuntak ◽  
Dina Banjarnahor
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Organic Medium ◽  
Fragaria Vesca ◽  
Mixture Ratio ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Banana Stem

<p><em><span class="fontstyle0">Research on the effects of growing medium mixtures of strawberry’s</span><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="fontstyle2">(</span><span class="fontstyle3">Fragaria vesca</span><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="fontstyle2">L</span><span class="fontstyle3">.</span><span class="fontstyle2">)</span><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="fontstyle3">growth as ornamental plants in vertical garden was implemented from April to July 2016 in anexperimental field in Salaran Getasan Village. The purpose of this study were to 1) investigate the effects of different organic medium mixtures containing soil and rice husk, cocopeat, on compost banana </span><span class="fontstyle0">stem on strawberry’s growth and 2) determine the best mixture for strawberry’s vertical system. </span><span class="fontstyle3">The study was conducted using a randomized block design (RBD) with 10 treatments and four replications. The treatments included different compositions of soil and each material with a mixture ratio of 1: 1, 1: 2 and 2: 1. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and DMRT at 5% of error level as well as correlation test. Mixing organic medium as rice husk, cocopeat and compost banana stem with soil provided a significant influence on the number of leaves, number of Mixing organic medium as rice husk, cocopeat and compost banana stem with soil provided a </span><span class="fontstyle0">significant influence on the number of leaves, number of shoot and shoot’s dry weight. The best growing medium mixture for strawberry’s growth was soil and rice husk with a ratio 2:1. </span></em></p><p> </p>

Influence of Nitrogen and Potassium on Three Zoysiagrasses

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 516b-516
Author(s):  
James N. McCrimmon
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Zoysia Japonica ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Color Quality ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Color Density ◽  
Minimal Research ◽  
Micronutrient Fertilizer

Zoysiagrass has great potential for use in the Gulf Coast states as a turfgrass. There has been minimal research on the nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) fertility response of zoysiagrass and the effect on turf color, quality, and nutrient content. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of N and K fertility on zoysiagrass. A study was conducted on three zoysiagrasses: Zoysia japonica × Z. tenuifolia Willd. ex Trin. (`Emerald'); Z. japonica Steud. (`Meyer'); and Z. matrella. The N and K treatment combinations consisted of high (H) and low (L) rates of N and K at the following levels: N levels of 454 and 227 g N/92.9 m2 per month and K levels of 454 and 227 g N/92.9 m2 per month. The treatment combinations were (N and K): HH, HL, LH, and LL and were applied in two split applications monthly from July through November. The study was a randomized complete-block design with three replications. All plots received two applications of a micronutrient fertilizer (late June and August), were irrigated as needed, and maintained at a height of 3.8 cm. Color, density, texture, uniformity, and quality were determined visually for each month. Plant tissue samples were collected (September) and analyzed for macronutrient and micronutrient contents. There were significant differences for color, density, and quality in the following months: September (color and density); October (quality); and November (color and quality). There were differences in leaf texture for all months. There were significant differences for N, magnesium (Mg), and K contents but there were no differences for any micronutrient. This study indicated that all three zoysiagrasses provided acceptable color and quality during the summer and fall, and that N and K rates affected N, K, and Mg contents in the plant.

scholarly journals Effect of Zinc and Boron on Growth and Yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Nusrat Jahan ◽  
Md. Ashabul Hoque ◽  
Md. Rasal-Monir ◽  
Sumya Fatima ◽  
Mohammad Nurul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Fruit Diameter

The study was carried out to find out the effect of zinc (Zn) and boron (B) on growth and yield of okra (BARI Dherosh 1). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments of the experiment were, T0 (without Zn or B), T1 (20 kg Zn ha-1), T2 (30 kg Zn ha-1), T3 (10 kg B ha-1), T4 (20 kg B ha-1), T5 (20 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1), T6 (20 kg Zn ha-1 + 20 kg B ha-1), T7 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1) and T8 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 20 kg B ha-1) were undertaken to evaluate the best results of the study. The highest plant height was found in T8 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 20 kg B ha-1) but the highest number of leaves plant-1 was recorded from T7 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1). On the other hand, the maximum leaf area index, SPAD value, mean fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit dry matter (%), number of fruits plant-1, fresh fruit weight plant-1 , fruit yield plot-1 and fruit yield ha-1 were found in T7 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1), while the control (T0) showed lowest performance for the respected parameters. It is strongly concluded that 30 kg Zn ha-1 with 10 kg B ha-1 combination may be helpful for okra cultivation in the field level to increase okra production.

scholarly journals Effect of Seeding Rate On Growth And Yield Of Okra (Abelmoschus Esculantus) In Zuru Northern Guinea Savanna Of Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohanna J, A. ◽  
Muhammad A, M.
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Resource Space ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
The Mean

Field experiment was carried out during 2010 rainy season to find the effect of seeding rate on the growth and yield of okra (Abelmuschus esculentus) in Zuru Northern Guinea Savannah. Zuru is located in Zuru Local government area of Kebbi State (Latitude 11o 251 to 11o 551 North and Longitude 4o 51 to 5o 251 East of the equator). The experiment consisted of three treatments that is planting okra at one plant per stand (S1), two plants per stand (S2) and three plants per stand (S3). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) and the treatments replicated three time. The result of the experiment has shown that plant height and number of leaves/plant at 3, 6 and 9 weeks after planting (    WAP) were significantly influenced by seeding rate (P<0.05). At 3, 6 and 9 WAP tallest plants were obtained from okra plants planted at three plants/stand (27.83, 54.0 and 77.0cm) respectively followed by okra planted at two plant/stand (24.77, 50.67 and 74.33 leave/plant respectively ). However, more number of leaves/plant were obtained from okra plant at one plant/stand (9.67, 24.67 and 48.0 leaves/plant respectively) followed by okra planted at two plants/stand (8.33, 18.33 and 36.33 leaves/plant respectively). Seeding rate had significant influence on time of 50 percent flowering with one plant/stand first attaining 50 percent flowering stage just within 36.33 days followed by okra planted at two plants/stand (38 days). The mean fresh fruit yield of okra was also significantly influenced by seeding rate with the highest yield of fresh fruits obtained from three plants/stand (83.34/ha) followed by okra planted at two plants/stand (55.56/ha). However, the result of the findings recommends that, okra should be planted at two plants/stand for medium sized and marketable okra fresh fruits since at three plants/stand leads to the production of undersized fresh fruits which do not often attract customers. At one plant/stand, there seemed to be early fruiting and bigger sized fresh fruits but low total yield due to underutilization of land resource/space. Planting at one plant/stand should therefore be avoided

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