Integrated Model of a Family Approach and Local Support in Tuberculosis Case Finding Efforts in People with HIV/AIDS

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a major global public health problem. People with HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) aremore susceptible to opportunistic infections such as tuberculosis (TB). Therefore, families and community leaders need to help monitor people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). This study aimed to analyze an integrated family approach and local support model to detect TB cases in PLWHA. This study used acase-control study in Kupang City, East Nusa Tenggara Province, in July 2020. The sample comprised 100 people (50 PLWHA with TB case and 50 controls) using total sampling and random sampling, respectively. The variables related to TB case finding in PLWHA were family employment status, duration of HIV/AIDS, family knowledge of TB, and family support. The data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression. The families with PLWHA with an extendedillness duration (OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.69–0.95, p-value = 0.01), families who did not work (OR = 3.31, 95% CI = 1.16 9.41, p-value = 0.025), families who had good knowledge (OR = 4.79, 95% CI = 1.70–13.51, p-value = 0.003), and families who provided good support (OR = 3.03, 95% CI = 1.05–8.76, p-value= 0.04) were better able to detect TB in PLWHA.

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STUDI RETROSPEKTIF KETAHANAN HIDUP ORANG DENGAN INFEKSI HIV/AIDS (ODHA) DI RSUD DR. ACHMAD MOCHTAR BUKITTINGGI

Human Care Journal ◽

10.32883/hcj.v3i3.89 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 175

Author(s):

Sukarsi Rusti

Keyword(s):

Opportunistic Infection ◽

Opportunistic Infections ◽

Analysis Data ◽

P Value ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Chi Square ◽

The People ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

HIV/AIDS disease is a health problem in indonesia. The problem cause of the number of morbility and mortality that still hight. It is cause of long term infection, adherance consuming the drungs and opportunistic that can deastroy the imun system of People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLHIV). The purpose of this research is to identify the factors related to the people living with PLHIV in Achmad Muchtar Hospital Bukittinggi2016.This research was conducted by a retrospective cohort design approach, doing research of the death of people who living with HIV by observing the patient’s medical record from 2014-2015. The research of study were 215 patient’s who is criteria inclusion. Analysis data using test chi-square. who became the independent variable is long infection, adherance comsuming the Anti Retroviral (ARV) , and opportunistic infection and dependent variable that survive the HIV people life.The research showed that among 215 patients with the number of deaths 39 people ( 18,% ), stages 3 and 4 (>5 th) is 89 people ( 41.4% ), not adherence is 77 people ( 35.8% ), and who suffered an opportunistic infection were 61 people (28.4% ). The statistical test relationships survival of people living with HIV with long-term infection obtained p value = 0,000 and RR = 0,019 ( confidence interfal 95 % with alpha = 0.05 ), adherance comsuming the ARV obtained p value = 0,000 and RR = 0,494 ( confidence interfal 95 % with alpha = 0.05 ), infection opportunistic obtained p value = 0,000 and RR = 0,361 ( confidence interfal 95 % with αlpha = 0.05 ).From these findings, it can be concluded that the long-term infection, adherence ARV and opportunistic infections associated with survival of people living with HIV. Of the three variables obtained interrelated and value the highest association is long-term infection.

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Knowledge Attitude and Awareness toward People Living with HIV/AIDS among Engineering College Students of Pondicherry, India

Asian Journal of Medicine and Health ◽

10.9734/ajmah/2019/v17i330167 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

S. Lokesh Kumar ◽

V. Pragadeesh Raja ◽

M. Jasmine

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Migrant Workers ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Global Public Health ◽

Human Immune System ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Unprotected Sexual Intercourse ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Introduction: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a great global public health problem caused by a retrovirus that infects cells of the human immune system, destroying or impairing their function. In the early stages of infection, the person has no symptoms. HIV can be transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse, transfusion of contaminated blood, through contaminated needles and between a mother and her infant. In 2017, globally, 36.9 million people are living with HIV and 940000 people died from HIV related causes. The total number of people living with HIV in India is estimated at 21.40 lakhs people in 2017. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done among college students from engineering colleges in Pondicherry from April 2018 to September 2018. The selection of study subjects was done using simple random sampling. After getting informed consent from the individuals a pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire was administered. Data were entered on and analysed using Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. Descriptive statistics were used and results were expressed as proportions. Results: The majority of the students, about 92.4% had heard about HIV/AIDS, about 92.4% of the participants were aware that HIV can spread through body fluids such as blood, sexual contact, urine. More than half 52.7% of students are aware that migrant workers, lorry drivers, commercial sex workers are high-risk groups for HIV/AIDS. 68.8% of students don’t know their HIV status. 65.2% were not willing to isolate HIV infected people from society. Conclusion: There is an immediate need for more health education and awareness campaign among students about HIV/AIDS. The Ministry of Education found better methods to deliver the necessary information about HIV/AIDS through the Internet, social media and mobile applications, information hotlines, pamphlets and printed educational materials.

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Trends of HIV/AIDS Infection in Arsi Zone from 2002-2008 E.C (2010 to 2016 G.C), Oromia Region Ethiopia: Evidence from VCT Registry

10.21203/rs.3.rs-38252/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mesfin Segni Tafa ◽

Hailu Fekadu ◽

Martha Aseffa ◽

Hirpo Teno

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Hiv Prevalence ◽

Health Facilities ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

P Value ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Global Public Health ◽

Arsi Zone ◽

Hiv Aids

Abstract Introduction: HIV continues to be a major global public health issue, having claimed more than 35 million lives so far. Globally, about 36.7 million people living with HIV currently, more than two third of the infection is the burden of Sub-Saharan Africa. Knowing the status of HIV/AIDS has the great value to individual health of treatment with ART and in terms of reductions in individual morbidity and mortality, and is equally cost-effective. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess trends and associated factor of HIV infection in Arsi zone from 2010 to 2016.Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted in Arsi zone. Thirty health facilities (27 health centers and 3 Hospitals) were selected for the study from all woreda in the Zone. A total of 205,691 data was collected from VCT registration book. Data were entered into computer using Epi info 3.5.4 and exported for analysis to SPSS 21. Data were presented using tables and figures using line graphs. Logistic regression was used to see the association and significance was declared at P-value<0.05 Result: The study showed a total of 4300 HIV positive cases were reported between 2002(2009 G.C) to 2008(2016 G.C) according to available VCT registration book during survey at 30 health facilities. The trends of HIV of infection were not properly defined, it was 3.4% in 2002(2010 G.C ) and mean while a gradual drop has been observed in the next five consecutive years, almost which was less than 2% prevalence and in 2008 the prevalence was raised to 2.4% compared to 2007 and before. The changes in HIV prevalence were uneven among districts. Findings from logistic regression analysis indicated that the fitted demographic characteristics like, marital status, age and occupation were significantly associated with HIV positivity in both bivariate and multivariate analysis.Conclusion: There are no encouraging indications that the HIV prevalence has decreasing since there were variation among districts. Therefore there is a need of designing comprehensive strategy to combat the spread of HIV infections among all individuals. It is also important to strengthening VCT services at all level with strict follow up.

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Hubungan Jumlah Viral Load dengan Kejadian TBC pada Pasien HIV/AIDS yang Mendapatkan Terapi ARV

ARTERI : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan ◽

10.37148/arteri.v1i3.76 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 247-254

Author(s):

Andri Baedowi ◽

Zulfian ◽

Hetti Rusmini ◽

Toni Prasetia

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

T Lymphocytes ◽

P Value ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Aids Patients ◽

Tuberculosis Case ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Viral Load (VL) is a direct indicator of the total amount of cells produced by the virus in a person infected with HIV. TB becomes a challenge for controlling Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) because it is the most opportunistic infection in people living with HIV / AIDS (PLWHA). TB can increase HIV progression and the risk of death for people living with HIV. Immunosuppression can increase the likelihood that dormant TB germs reactivate. The pathogenesis of TB infection in HIV patients is directly related to the decline in the immune system, specifically CD4 T lymphocytes. HIV infection will cause a decrease in CD4 T lymphocytes thereby reducing the immunological response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This will result in reactivation from the latent period of TB to an active infection. This study conducted to discover the relationship between the amount of viral load and the tuberculosis case in HIV / AIDS patients that undertake ARV therapy at RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Lampung Province in 2019. Observational analytic approach with cross sectional design was used in this present study. The data taken is secondary data from the medical record of HIV / AIDS patients in Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Lampung Province in 2019. The sampling technique used was a purposive sampling method and it was obtained a total sample of 196 people. The data was analyzed through Chi Square test. There was a significant relationship between the amount of viral load in HIV / AIDS patients and the tuberculosis case (p-value = 0.004). From the analysis above, it was obtained OR value = 2.52 which represents that patients who have a viral load ≥ 10,000 have a risk of 2.52 times to encounter TB. A high amount of Viral Load can cause immunosuppression in the host and increase the virulence of TB microbes.

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PERAN WARGA PEDULI AIDS CAHAYA CARE TUREN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS HIDUP ODHA

Jurnal Kesehatan Mesencephalon ◽

10.36053/mesencephalon.v3i1.37 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tri Nurhudi Sasono

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Antiretroviral Drugs ◽

P Value ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Development Goals ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Abstract : Indicator of the health welfare through Sustanable Development Goals (SDGs) is to reduce the incidence of HIV-AIDS, decrease the rate of the epidemic and maintain the quality of life of people living with HIV-AIDS (PLWHA). Trend cases of HIV-AIDS is the most recent spread among people, especially housewives. In Malang until 2015 found 278 Housewife of 409 cases of AIDS. The prevalence of HIV-AIDS in Malang Regency is ranked second after Surabaya city in East Java. For the importance of public participation and citizen care AIDS Cahaya Care Turen take responsibility for the condition. Determination Rule Goverment number 2 2015 year on the Participation of the community response to HIV-AIDS in Malang as a legal rule. Concerned Citizens activities AIDS (WPA). WPA Cahaya Care Turen is increases HIV risk and quality of life PLWHA. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of Citizens AIDS Cahaya Care Quality of Care Turen against people living with HIV in Puskesmas Turen Malang. The study design using a quasi-experimental, with purposive sampling using a sampling technique. Total number of research subjects 23. Based on test results obtained with the Wilcoxon p value <0.005, which means that there is a significant difference before and after PLWHA joining participated in the WPA Cahaya Care Turen. The conclusion of this study is WPA activities involving people living with HIV and at risk groups can optimize compliance with antiretroviral drugs that have an impact on improving the quality of life of PLHIV. Suggestions in this research is done WPA Program activities are structured and ongoing cross-sector in order to improve the quality of life and empower PLWHA.Keywords : WPA Cahaya Care Turen, Quality of life, PLWHA Abstrak : Salah satu indikator kesejahteraan kesehatan melalui Sustanable Development Goals (SDGs) adalah menekan angka kejadian HIV-AIDS, menurunkan laju epidemik dan mempertahankan kualitas hidup Orang dengan HIV-AIDS (ODHA). Trend kasus HIV-AIDS terkini terbanyak adalah menjangkit dikalangan masyarakat khususnya pada ibu rumah tangga. Kabupaten Malang sampai dengan tahun 2015 ditemukan 278 Ibu Rumah Tangga dari 409 kasus AIDS. Prevalensi HIV-AIDS di Kabupaten Malang ini merupakan peringkat kedua di Jawa Timur setelah Kota Surabaya. Untuk itu pentingnya peran serta masyarakat dan warga peduli AIDS Cahaya Care Turen ikut bertanggung jawab terhadap kondisi tersebut. Penetapan Peraturan Bupati Malang no.2 th.2015 tentang Peran serta masyarakat penanggulangan HIV-AIDS di Kabupaten Malang diharapkan dapat mengurangi risiko penularan HIV dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup ODHA. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Peran Warga Peduli AIDS Cahaya Care Turen terhadap Kualitas ODHA Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Turen Kabupaten Malang. Desain penelitian menggunakan quasi eksperimen, dengan teknik sampling menggunakan purposive sampling. Jumlah subyek penelitian sejumlah 23. Berdasarkan hasil uji dengan Wilcoxon didapatkan nilai p value < 0.005 yang berarti bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna sebelum dan sesudah ODHA bergabung mengikuti kegiatan WPA Cahaya Care Turen. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah kegiatan WPA dengan melibatkan ODHA dan kelompok beresiko dapat mengoptimalkan kepatuhan obat ART sehingga berdampak terhadap peningkatan kualitas hidup ODHA. Saran dalam penelitian ini adalah dilakukannya Program kegiatan WPA yang terstruktur dan berkesinambungan lintas sektor guna meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan memberdayakan ODHA. Kata kunci : WPA Cahaya Care Turen, kualitas hidup, ODHA

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Dukungan sosial dan kualitas hidup orang dengan HIV/AIDS

Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat ◽

10.22146/bkm.12563 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 147

Author(s):

Mardia Mardia ◽

Riris Andono Ahmad ◽

Bambang Sigit Riyanto

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Social Support ◽

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Social Life ◽

Opportunistic Infections ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Diagnosis ◽

Criteria For Diagnosis ◽

Hiv Aids

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS based on the criteria for diagnosis and other factors.Methods: This study was conducted in the VCT clinic hospital of Dr. Moewardi. The population was HIV-positive patients with antiretroviral therapy. Data collection conducted through medical records and interview to patients. Results: Out of a total of 89 respondents, 66.29% were males and 71.91% were aged between 26-45 years. We found significant correlations for diagnosis of HIV/AIDS, opportunistic infections, time since HIV diagnosis, duration of ARV therapy, social support, modes of transport, sex, age, and marital status with the quality of life. Multivariate analysis obtained by each variable showed the strongest association with the quality of life was time since diagnosis, social support and duration of ARV therapy. Conclusion: The quality of life was better for those who have been diagnosed with HIV/AIDS ≥ 32 months, with social support, and who have been undergoing antiretroviral therapy ≥ 29 months. Improved counseling in the early days of ARV therapy is necessary to always maintain the treatment and provide support for their social life.

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A bioinformatics approach to investigate serum and hematopoietic cell-specific therapeutic microRNAs targeting the 3' UTRs of all four Dengue virus serotypes

Pathogens and Disease ◽

10.1093/femspd/ftab050 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mirza Sarwar Baig ◽

Anuja Krishnan

Keyword(s):

Dengue Virus ◽

Antigen Processing ◽

Target Genes ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Hematopoietic Cell ◽

Viral Gene ◽

P Value ◽

Pathway Enrichment Analysis ◽

Global Public Health ◽

Denv Serotypes

Abstract Hyperendemic circulation of all four Dengue virus (DENV) serotypes is a severe global public health problem, so any vaccine or therapeutics should be able to target all four of them. Cells of hemopoietic origin are believed to be primary sites of DENV replication. This study aimed to identify potential host miRNAs that target 3' UTR of all 4 DENV serotypes, thereby directly regulating viral gene expression or indirectly modulating the host system at different virus infection steps. We used four prediction algorithms viz. miRanda, RNA22, RNAhybrid, and StarMir for predicting miRNA, targeting 3'UTR of all four DENV serotypes. Statistically, the most significant miRNA targets were screened based on their Log10 P-value (> 0.0001) of GO term and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. The intersection test of at least three prediction tools identified a total of 30 miRNAs, which could bind to 3'UTR of all four DENV serotypes. Of the 30, eight miRNAs were of hematopoietic cell origin. GO term enrichment and KEGG analysis showed four hemopoietic origin miRNAs target genes of the biological processes mainly involved in the innate immune response, mRNA 3'-end processing, antigen processing, and presentation and nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process.

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Spectrum of opportunistic infections and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS in the era of highly active anti-retroviral treatment in Dawro Zone hospital: a retrospective study

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-018-3707-9 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fithamlak Bistegen Solomon ◽

Banchalem Nega Angore ◽

Hailu Chare Koyra ◽

Efrata Girma Tufa ◽

Tezera Moshago Berheto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Opportunistic Infections ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Highly Active ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

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PENGARUH PENDEKATAN MELALUI KONSELING INTERPERSONAL TERHADAP RESPON SOSIAL, EMOSIONAL DAN SPIRITUAL PADA PASIEN HIV/AIDS

Care Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kesehatan ◽

10.33366/jc.v8i1.1464 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 62

Author(s):

Indah Jayani ◽

Fatma Sayekti Ruffaida

Keyword(s):

Opportunistic Infections ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

P Value ◽

Social Emotional ◽

Aids Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Before And After ◽

The Right ◽

Hiv Aids

Approach to PLWHA by providing interpersonal counseling is the right thing to do to overcome psychological problems including social, emotional and spiritual aspects of PLWHA. This study aims to look at the effect of interpersonal counseling on social, emotional and spiritual responses in HIV/ AIDS patients. This research is a type of non-experimental research with a cross-sectional approach. The sample is post-test people and tested positive for HIV in the Kediri region, which is 32 with purpossive sampling technique. Data on social, emotional and spiritual responses were obtained based on the results of data recapitulation from the instrument in the form of a questionnaire. The results of the study with the non-parametric Wilcoxon test showed there were differences between social responses of HIV/AIDS patients before and after given interpersonal counseling with p value = 0,000, there were differences between the emotional responses of HIV/AIDS patients before being given interpersonal counseling and after being given counseling with p value = 0,000, and there is a difference between spiritual responses in HIV/AIDS patients before being given interpersonal counseling and after being given interpersonal counseling with p value = 0,000. It can be concluded that interpersonal counseling influences social, emotional and spiritual responses of HIV/AIDS patients. It is recommended that the mentoring of HIV/AIDS patients through interpersonal counseling can continue so as to enhance physiological responses that will have an impact on disease prognosis, prevention of opportunistic infections and reduce mortality rates for HIV patients/ AIDS.

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Substance Use: Prevalence, Pattern and Risk Factors among Undergraduate Students in a Tertiary Institution in Southwest Nigeria

Journal of Community Medicine and Primary Health Care ◽

10.4314/jcmphc.v33i2.6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 83-99

Author(s):

K.A. Durowade ◽

O.E. Elegbede ◽

G.B. Pius-Imue ◽

A. Omeiza ◽

M. Bello ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Substance Use ◽

Secondary Education ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Peer Pressure ◽

Civil Servant ◽

P Value ◽

Global Public Health

Background: Substance use is a global public health problem with increasing burden among university students. This study assessed the prevalence, pattern and risk factors of substance use among undergraduate students of Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of undergraduate students of Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select respondents. Data collection tool was a structured self-administered questionnaire. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Statistical significance was set at p value <0.05Results: The respondents’ mean age was 19.5 ± 2.0 years and all 416 (100.0%) were aware of substance abuse. The prevalence of substance use was 299 (71.9%). Alcohol 133 (32.0%) and over-the-counter drugs (29.9%) were the two most commonly used substance. Being male (p=0.017) and in 400 level (p=0.047) were associated with substance use while curiosity 112 (37.5%), peer pressure 95 (31.8%) and school stress 85 (28.4%) were reasons given. Predictors of substance use were being a female (aOR: 2.54; 95% CI=1.89-3.66; p=0.011), civil servant mother (aOR: 5.75; 95% CI=1.90-17.4; p=0.002) and mother with secondary education (aOR: 5.27; 95% CI= 2.20- 12.65; p<0.001).Conclusion: There was high prevalence of substance use with curiosity, peer pressure and school stress being influencers of substance use among the study population. Predictors of substance use were being a female, civil servant mother and mother with secondary education. The University authority should institute measures to prevent access to alcohol and other substances by the students.

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