A bioinformatics approach to investigate serum and hematopoietic cell-specific therapeutic microRNAs targeting the 3' UTRs of all four Dengue virus serotypes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirza Sarwar Baig ◽  
Anuja Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Antigen Processing ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell ◽  
Viral Gene ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pathway Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Denv Serotypes

Abstract Hyperendemic circulation of all four Dengue virus (DENV) serotypes is a severe global public health problem, so any vaccine or therapeutics should be able to target all four of them. Cells of hemopoietic origin are believed to be primary sites of DENV replication. This study aimed to identify potential host miRNAs that target 3' UTR of all 4 DENV serotypes, thereby directly regulating viral gene expression or indirectly modulating the host system at different virus infection steps. We used four prediction algorithms viz. miRanda, RNA22, RNAhybrid, and StarMir for predicting miRNA, targeting 3'UTR of all four DENV serotypes. Statistically, the most significant miRNA targets were screened based on their Log10 P-value (> 0.0001) of GO term and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. The intersection test of at least three prediction tools identified a total of 30 miRNAs, which could bind to 3'UTR of all four DENV serotypes. Of the 30, eight miRNAs were of hematopoietic cell origin. GO term enrichment and KEGG analysis showed four hemopoietic origin miRNAs target genes of the biological processes mainly involved in the innate immune response, mRNA 3'-end processing, antigen processing, and presentation and nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process.

scholarly journals Substance Use: Prevalence, Pattern and Risk Factors among Undergraduate Students in a Tertiary Institution in Southwest Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-99
Author(s):  
K.A. Durowade ◽  
O.E. Elegbede ◽  
G.B. Pius-Imue ◽  
A. Omeiza ◽  
M. Bello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Secondary Education ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Civil Servant ◽  
P Value ◽  
Global Public Health

Background: Substance use is a global public health problem with increasing burden among university students. This study assessed the prevalence, pattern and risk factors of substance use among undergraduate students of Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of undergraduate students of Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select respondents. Data collection tool was a structured self-administered questionnaire. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Statistical significance was set at p value <0.05Results: The respondents’ mean age was 19.5 ± 2.0 years and all 416 (100.0%) were aware of substance abuse. The prevalence of substance use was 299 (71.9%). Alcohol 133 (32.0%) and over-the-counter drugs (29.9%) were the two most commonly used substance. Being male (p=0.017) and in 400 level (p=0.047) were associated with substance use while curiosity 112 (37.5%), peer pressure 95 (31.8%) and school stress 85 (28.4%) were reasons given. Predictors of substance use were being a female (aOR: 2.54; 95% CI=1.89-3.66; p=0.011), civil servant mother (aOR: 5.75; 95% CI=1.90-17.4; p=0.002) and mother with secondary education (aOR: 5.27; 95% CI= 2.20- 12.65; p<0.001).Conclusion: There was high prevalence of substance use with curiosity, peer pressure and school stress being influencers of substance use among the study population. Predictors of substance use were being a female, civil servant mother and mother with secondary education. The University authority should institute measures to prevent access to alcohol and other substances by the students.

scholarly journals Doratoxylon apetalum, an Indigenous Medicinal Plant from Mascarene Islands, Is a Potent Inhibitor of Zika and Dengue Virus Infection in Human Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliano G. Haddad ◽  
Andrea Cristine Koishi ◽  
Arnaud Gaudry ◽  
Claudia Nunes Duarte dos Santos ◽  
Wildriss Viranaicken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Denv Infection ◽  
Antiviral Drugs ◽  
Human Cells ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Denv Serotypes ◽  
Mascarene Islands

Zika virus (ZIKV) and Dengue virus (DENV) are mosquito-borne viruses of the Flavivirus genus that could cause congenital microcephaly and hemorrhage, respectively, in humans, and thus present a risk to global public health. A preventive vaccine against ZIKV remains unavailable, and no specific antiviral drugs against ZIKV and DENV are licensed. Medicinal plants may be a source of natural antiviral drugs which mostly target viral entry. In this study, we evaluate the antiviral activity of Doratoxylum apetalum, an indigenous medicinal plant from the Mascarene Islands, against ZIKV and DENV infection. Our data indicated that D. apetalum exhibited potent antiviral activity against a contemporary epidemic strain of ZIKV and clinical isolates of four DENV serotypes at non-cytotoxic concentrations in human cells. Time-of-drug-addition assays revealed that D. apetalum extract acts on ZIKV entry by preventing the internalisation of virus particles into the host cells. Our data suggest that D. apetalum-mediated ZIKV inhibition relates to virus particle inactivation. We suggest that D. apetalum could be a promising natural source for the development of potential antivirals against medically important flaviviruses.

scholarly journals Knowledge Of Glaucoma And Associated Factors Among Adults In Gish Abay Town, Northwest Ethiopia, Jun 2018

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zewdu Yenegeta Bizuneh ◽  
Ayanaw Tsega ◽  
Yezinash Addis ◽  
Fisseha Admassu
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
P Value ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Eye Examination

Abstract Introduction: Glaucoma is a global public health problem and it is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide and the fifth cause of blindness in Ethiopia. Even though public knowledge of glaucoma is a key for early case identification and prevention of blindness, it is unknown in the study area, making provision of interventions difficult. Objective: To assess knowledge of glaucoma and associated factors among adults in Gish Abay town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018 Methods: A Community based cross - sectional study design with systematic random sampling technique was used to select 630 adults. The study was conducted from April 25-May 05, 2018. Data was entered into Epi Info version 7 and was analysed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23. Binary logistic regression model and adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence level was used to identify the significant factors associated with knowledge of glaucoma. P–value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: About 594 adults were participated with a response rate of 94%. Nearly 52% of the participants were females with median age of 28 years. The proportion of good knowledge was demonstrated in 68.9% [95% CI; 61, 75.9]. Educational status: secondary education [AOR; 4.01: 1.15, 13.94], college and above [AOR; 4.49: 1.31, 15.32], history of eye examination [AOR; 2.86: 1.05, 7.79] and younger age (18-22) [6.39: 1.82, 22.41] were positively associated with good knowledge of glaucoma. Conclusion and recommendation: The proportion of good knowledge of glaucoma was high. Better educational status, younger age, eye examination at least once in life and higher income level were associated with better knowledge of glaucoma. Recognizing the severity of glaucoma, enhancing knowledge is paramount at the community.

scholarly journals Determining the association between dengue and social inequality factors in north-eastern Brazil: A spatial modelling

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Damião Da Conceição Araújo ◽  
Allan Dantas Dos Santos ◽  
Shirley Verônica Melo Almeida Lima ◽  
Andreia Centenaro Vaez ◽  
Jéssica Oliveira Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Spatial Modelling ◽  
The State ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Primary Methods ◽  
Denv Serotypes ◽  
Eastern Brazil

Dengue is a global public health problem. The Dengue Virus (DENV) serotypes are transmitted by an Aedes aegypti mosquito. Vector control is among the primary methods to prevent the disease, especially in tropical countries. This study aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of dengue and its relationship with social inequalities using spatial modelling. An ecological study with temporal and spatial analysis was conducted in the state of Sergipe, Northeast Brazil, over a period of 18 years. Spatial modelling was used to determine the influence of space on dengue incidence and social inequalities. The epidemic rates in 2008, 2012, and 2015 were identified. Spatial modelling explained 40% of the influence of social inequalities on dengue incidence in the state. The main social inequalities related to the occurrence of dengue were the percentage of people living in extreme poverty and inadequate sanitation. The epidemic situation even increased the risk of dengue in the population of the state of Sergipe. These results demonstrate the potential of spatial modelling in determining the factors associated with dengue epidemics and are useful in planning the intersectoral public health policies.

scholarly journals RISK FACTORS DETERMINANTS ANEMIA EVENTS IN ADOLESCENT PUSKESMAS IN KOTA SELATAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Endah Yulianingsih ◽  
Hasnawatty Surya Porouw
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
P Value ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Anemia is a global public health problem that needs special attention. Anemia in adolescent girls is a common problem, especially in developing countries (WHO, 2008). Anemia is a health problem that is most often found in countries both developed and developing, including Indonesia .. The prevalence of anemia in Indonesia is not so much with the global anemia prevalence rate is 21.7% where the prevalence of anemia has been entered into the category of public health problems was that it should receive special attention. Teenagers are particularly at risk age group the incidence of anemia due to nutritional needs particularly iron exceeds the needs of other age groups due to accelerated growth and increased physical activity. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of anemia among adolescent girls in Puskesmas Kota Selatan Kota Gorontalo. Type with a cross-sectional study using bivariate test by chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression test. This research instrument using a questionnaire. The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship between the age of menarche (p = 0.001), knowledge (p = 0.000), maternal education (p = 0.000), the pattern of menstruation (p = 0.000), BMI (p = 0.009), menstruation (p = 0.003). The most dominant factor to the incidence of anemia among adolescent girls in Puskesmas South City Gorontalo is a factor of knowledge with p value 0.001 exp B = 2.650 (CI 1.643 to 4770), which means that respondents who have a good knowledge will likely 2,

scholarly journals Mortality trend due to traffic accident in young in the south of Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-368
Author(s):  
Willian Augusto de Melo ◽  
Rosana Rosseto de Oliveira ◽  
Adriano Brischiliari ◽  
Sandra Marisa Pelloso ◽  
Maria Dalva de Barros Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Mortality Trend ◽  
South Of Brazil

Abstract Background Traffic accidents are a major global public health problem with an impact on morbidity and mortality. Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the mortality trend from road accidents among young adults. Method An ecological time-series study was performed of the deaths of young (15-24 years old) in traffic accidents in the state of Parana, Brazil from 1996 to 2013. Mortality data was obtained from the Mortality Information System. Mortality rates were calculated and the trend analysis was performed through polynomial regression models. A trend was considered significant when the estimated model obtained a p-value <0.05. Accidents involving tricycles were excluded from the analysis (58 cases). Results Of the 12,063 deaths from road accidents, 82.0% were male. There was a significant and growing trend of accident mortality rates involving motorcyclists and car and pick-up truck occupants, and a decreasing trend of fatal accidents involving pedestrians. The average mortality rate for accidents involving motorcyclists was 10 deaths per 100,000 residents, an increase of 1.13 per year. Accidents involving car occupants increased annually by 0.43 and accidents involving pick-up truck occupants by 0.01. Conclusion There was a significant increasing trend for fatalities of both genders, especially motorcyclists and car occupants. The pedestrian mortality trend has shown a decreasing due to their lower exposure.

scholarly journals An open label study on Depression Patient's Disability Outcomes: Comparative Evaluation of Escitalopram and Amisulpride

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Vijay Kaul ◽  
Shaktibala Dutta ◽  
Mirza Atif Beg ◽  
Nand Kishore Singh ◽  
Shalu Bawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
P Value ◽  
Disability Assessment ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group I ◽  
Intergroup Comparison ◽  
Significant Difference

Background Depression is an important global public health problem due to its relatively high lifetime prevalence and significant disability caused by it. The present study was conducted to compare improvement in disability outcome by Amisulpride and Escitalopram among depression patients using WHO-Disability Assessment Schedule (WHO-DAS).Materials and Methods The study was conducted in depression patients for 1 year in the Department of Neuropsychiatry, Nepalgunj Medical College & Teaching Hospital. A total of 117 depression patients were divided into 2 groups. Group I (58 patients) received Amisulpride tablet at a dose of 50 mg/day and Group II (59 patients) were given Escitalopram at a dose of 10 mg/day. The patients were required to follow up at 4 weeks, 8 weeks and at 15 weeks. The efficacy of the drugs was calculated by Hamilton depression rating scale (HAM-D). The improvement in functional outcome was compared between the two groups by using WHO-Disability Assessment Schedule (WHO-DAS). Appropriate statistical tools using GraphPadInstat 3.0 were used for analysis. p value < 0.05 was considered significant.Results HAM-D score in group receiving Amisulpride at 0 and 15 weeks was 16.92±0.35 and 7.87±0.29 (p<0.0001). HAM-D score in group receiving Escitalopram at 0 and 15 weeks was 17.09±0.39 and 6.63±0.39 (p<0.0001). WHO-DAS score in group receiving Amisulpride at 0 and 15 weeks was 112.54±0.82 and 43.08±1.41 (p<0.0001) respectively. WHO-DAS in group receiving Escitalopram at 0 and 15 weeks was 113.73±1.92 and 40.69±1.49 (p<0.0001) respectively. Intergroup comparison at 15 weeks was insignificant (p>0.05). Gastrointestinal disturbances, sexual disturbances, amenorrhea, lactation, agitation and insomnia were the commonly encountered adverse drug reactions.Conclusion Both Amisulpride and Escitalopram showed improvement in WHO Disability Assessment Score (WHO-DAS) at the end of study period. But intergroup comparison showed no significant difference in the two groups. Journal of Nobel Medical College Vol.5(2) 2016; 37-42

scholarly journals Assessment of the eating habits of diabetic patients and consequential evaluation of targeted intervention in Tripolis, Greece

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
Angeliki Stamatopoulou ◽  
Tonia Vasilakou
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Average Score ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Global Public Health

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a global public health problem. The purposes of this study were: development of healthy eating habits, excellent glycemic control, maintenance ideal body weight, smoking cessation, regular physical exercise, prevention of complications.Methods: A sample of 100 diabetic patients (57% males and 43% females, aged 39-89 years old) was monitored in the Hospital of Tripolis. Patients completed a questionnaire about their eating habits. Body weight, height, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI) calculation and glycosylated hemoglobin were measured. Follow lifestyle intervention included dietary guidelines.Results: After the intervention significant differences were observed: increases in physical activity (58.95% from 41.0%, p-value = 0.002), duration of exercise (Q1 = 1.0 from 0.5, p-value = 0.023), consumption of breakfast (94.74% from 86.0%, p-value = 0.013 ), daily number of meals (median = 5 from 4, p-value = 0.002), average score of frequency in fats / oils / olive consumption (median = 2.8 from 2.5, p-value <0.001) average score of frequency in fruit consumption (median = 4.0 from 2.5, p-value <0.001), and decreases in weight (Q1 = 73.0 from 74.5, p-value = 0.002), BMI (median = 31.7 from 32.4, p-value = 0.002), waist circumference (median = 106 from 108, p-value <0.001), average score of frequency in grain / starchy / legumes consumption (Q1 = 2.6 from 2.8, p-value = 0.050).Conclusions: This study shows that even small interventions can have the desired results. But it needs perseverance and adaptation of programs to the specific characteristics and cultural beliefs of patients.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KEBIASAAN MAKAN PAGI DENGAN KEJADIAN ANEMIA PADA MURID SD NEGERI 3 MANADO

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erina Utami Tandirerung ◽  
Nelly Mayulu ◽  
Shirley E.S. Kawengian
Keyword(s):  
National Development ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Anemia ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Anemia is a global public health problem in developing and developed countries with its major consequences for human health and the economic and national development. Anemia can occur at all stages of the life cycle, but it is more prevalent in pregnant women and children.  Anemia in children due to lack of nutritional diet has bad impacts on their health, growth, and immune systems. The main causes of nutritional anemia are the insufficient iron ingestion, low iron absorption, and diet which mainly consists of rice and less diverse menu. Breakfast habits fall into one of the thirteen basic messages of balanced nutrition.  The benefit of having breakfast for school children is that it can improve their concentration to study and to understand their lessons, resulting in improvement of their  learning achievement. Besides that, breakfast plays some important roles in fulfilling the balanced nutrition in children. The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship between breakfast habits and anemia incidence among students of SD Negeri 3 Manado. This was an analytical cross-sectional study. The results showed that of 83 students, 58 students (69.9%) had habits of having breakfast and 74 students (89.2%) were not anemic. Analytical results obtained P-value = 0.019 (≤ 0.050). Conclusion: there was a significant relation between breakfast habits and anemia incidence among the students of SD Negeri 3 Manado. Key words: breakfast habits, children, anemia     Abstrak: Anemia merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat global di negara berkembang maupun negara maju dengan konsekuensi yang besar bagi kesehatan manusia serta pembangunan nasional dan ekonomi. Anemia dapat ditemukan pada setiap tahap siklus hidup, namun lebih menonjol pada wanita hamil dan anak-anak. Anemia pada anak-anak akibat  kurang gizi dapat berdampak buruk pada kesehatan, pertumbuhan, dan sistem imun. Penyebab utama anemia gizi ialah konsumsi zat besi yang tidak cukup, absorbsi zat besi yang rendah, dan pola makan yang sebagian besar terdiri dari nasi dan menu yang kurang beraneka ragam. Kebiasaan makan pagi termasuk dalam salah satu dari 13 pesan dasar gizi seimbang. Bagi anak sekolah, makan pagi dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar dan memudahkan menyerap pelajaran yang akan meningkatkan prestasi belajar. Makan pagi juga sangat berperan terhadap pemenuhan gizi seimbang pada anak. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kebiasaan makan pagi dengan kejadian anemia pada murid SD Negeri 3 Manado. Penelitian ini merupakan suatu penelitian cross-sectional yang bersifat analitik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 83 murid, 58 murid (69,9%) memiliki kebiasaan makan pagi dan 74 murid (89,2%) yang tidak anemia. Hasil analisis diperoleh nilai P = 0,019 (≤ 0,050). Simpulan: terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kebiasaan makan pagi dengan kejadian anemia pada murid SD Negeri 3 Manado. Kata kunci: kebiasaan makan pagi, anemia, anak-anak

scholarly journals Bioinformatics analysis of microRNAs related to blood stasis syndrome in diabetes mellitus patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruixue Chen ◽  
Minghao Chen ◽  
Ya Xiao ◽  
Qiuer Liang ◽  
Yunfei Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Bioinformatics Analysis ◽  
Blood Stasis ◽  
Blood Stasis Syndrome ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pathway Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Candidate Mirnas

In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), blood stasis syndrome (BSS) is mainly manifested by the increase of blood viscosity, platelet adhesion rate and aggregation, and the change of microcirculation, resulting in vascular endothelial injury. It is an important factor in the development of diabetes mellitus (DM). The aim of the present study was to screen out the potential candidate microRNAs (miRNAs) in DM patients with BSS by high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and bioinformatics analysis. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were incubated with 10% human serum to establish models of DM with BSS, DM without BSS (NBS), and normal control (NC). Total RNA of each sample was extracted and sequenced by the Hiseq2000 platform. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) were screened between samples and compared with known changes in mRNA abundance. Target genes of miRNAs were predicted by softwares. Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis of the target genes were conducted. According to the significantly enriched GO annotations and pathways (P-value ≤ 0.001), we selected the key miRNAs of DM with BSS. It showed that the number of DE-miRNAs in BSS was 32 compared with non-blood stasis syndrome (NBS) and NC. The potential candidate miRNAs were chosen from GO annotations in which target genes were significantly enriched (−log10 (P-value) > 5), which included miR-140-5p, miR-210, miR-362-5p, miR-590-3p, and miR-671-3p. The present study screened out the potential candidate miRNAs in DM patients with BSS by HTS and bioinformatics analysis. The miRNAs will be helpful to provide valuable suggestions on clinical studies of DM with BSS at the gene level.

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