scholarly journals Efektivitas Ovitrap Bambu terhadap Jumlah Jentik Aedes sp yang Terperangkap

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 369
Author(s):  
Wiwit Aditama ◽  
Zulfikar Zulfikar
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
P Value ◽  
Density Level ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Banda Aceh

AbstrakDemam berdarah dengue (DBD) masih menjadi masalah kesehatanmasyarakat di Banda Aceh. Banda Aceh merupakan daerah endemik DBDdengan meningkatnya angka kejadian dan case fatality rate setiap tahun.Insiden tertinggi DBD berada di Kecamatan Baiturrahman dengan angkakejadian 120 per 100.000 penduduk dan tertinggi kedua adalah Kecamatan Jaya Baru dengan angka kejadian 84 per 100.000 penduduk. Keberadaan larva Aedes sp di masyarakat merupakan salah satu indikator populasi nyamuk Aedes aegypti di daerah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah jentik nyamuk Aedes sp yang terperangkap pada masing-masing wadah ovitrap (tempurung kelapa, gelas plastik, dan potongan bambu) serta tingkat kepadatan jentik nyamuk Aedes sp sebelum dan setelah pemasangan wadah ovitrap. Jenis penelitian adalah explanatory study dengan desain eksperimental quasi. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah proportional sampling. Populasi unit penelitian adalah 30 rumah. Ovitrap diletakkan merata pada 30 titik lokasi dari 10 kelurahan secara acak. Data jumlah jentik nyamuk Aedes yang terperangkap diambil empat kali secara berulang dengan selang waktu satu minggu. Analisis dengan rerata jumlah jentik di dalam ovitrap dan indeks ovitrap. Hasil jumlah jentik Aedes aegypti yang terperangkap sebanyak 1.265. Ovitrap yang paling efektif, yaitu potongan bambu rerata = 123, nilai p = 0,006, HI = 10,01% (16,66 – 26,67%), CI = 36,8% (336,06 – 39,74%), BI = 29,97% (73,33 103,3%). Otoritas kesehatan harus mempromosikan ovitrap bambu kepada masyarakat sebagai upaya pengendalian Aedes sp.AbstractDengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a public health problem in Banda Aceh.Banda Aceh is a DHF endemic city by increasing incidence rate (IR) andcase fatality rate every year. The highest DHF incidence was in Baiturrahman District (IR = 120 per 100,000 people) and Jaya Baru District(IR = 84 per 100,000 people). Aedes sp larvae existence among people isone of Aedes aegypti population indicators in such region. This study aimedto find out numbers of Aedes sp trapped in each ovitrap (coconut shell, plastic cup, and piece of bamboo) and Aedes sp density level before and after ovitrap installation. This study was explanatory study using quasi-experimental design. The sampling technique was proportional sampling.Population of study was 30 houses. Ovitraps were randomly located in 30places of 10 subdistricts. Data of trapped Aedes sp larvae numbers was collected four times repeatedly within one week time-lapse. Analysis was conducted using the mean number of larvae in ovitraps and ovitrap index. The number of Aedes sp larvae trapped was 1,265. The most effective ovitrap is piece of bamboo, mean = 123, p value = 0.006, HI = 10.01% (16.66 26.67%), CI = 36.8% (336.06 - 39.74%), BI = 29.97% (73.33 - 103.3%). Health authorities should promote bamboo ovitrap, especially to public as an effort to control Aedes sp.

scholarly journals KEPADATAN NYAMUK DEWASA Aedes Sp DI KELURAHAN MALALAYANG I KECAMATAN MALALAYANG MANADO PERIODE JANUARI – PEBRUARI 2010

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janno B. B. Bernadus ◽  
Victor D. Pijoh ◽  
Venny Kareth
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Adult Mosquito ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Culex Sp

Abstract: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) has become a public health problem in Indonesia because of its high prevalence and ability to spread more widely. In North Sulawesi itself Case Fatality Rate of carrying dengue is increasing from year to year. The local village Malalayang has a high potential for spreading this disease. The result of an  entomology survey on adult mosquitos showed that Aedes sp was found in 40 houses of 80 house samples. From these 40 houses we got 71 mosquito samples. From these 71 samples tested and identified, we found three species: Aedes aegypti (30 samples, 42.25%), Aedes albopictus (22 samples, 30.99%), and Culex sp (19 samples, 26.76%). Mosquito density can be seen from the indices of the resting rates, which were 0.375 for Aedes aegypti, 0.275 for Aedes albopictus, and 0.65 for Aedes sp. Key words: density, adult mosquito, Aedes sp., resting rate.   Abstrak: Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit yang menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia karena prevalensinya yang tinggi dan penyebarannya semakin luas. Di Sulawesi Utara, Case Fatality Rate penyakit DBD tercatat terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Kelurahan Malalayang I merupakan daerah yang potensial sebagai daerah penyebaran DBD. Survei entomologi terhadap nyamuk dewasa Aedes sp pada 80 rumah  memperlihatkan bahwa 40 diantaranya terdapat 71 sampel nyamuk. Setelah diperiksa dan diidentifikasi ternyata ditemukan tiga spesies yaitu Aedes aegypti 30 sampel (42,25%), Aedes albopictus 22 sampel (30,99%) dan Culex sp 19 (26,76%). Kepadatan nyamuk  dapat dilihat  dari angka indeks  pada resting rate yaitu Aedes aegypti = 0,375 , Aedes albopictus = 0,275 dan  Aedes sp.= 0,65. Kata kunci:  kepadatan, nyamuk dewasa, Aedes sp., resting rate.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemeriksaan Kehamilan secara Teratur terhadap Kejadian Preeklamsi

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Tutik Ekasari ◽  
Mega Silvian Natalia
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Study Approach

ABSTRAKKematian ibu tertinggi disebabkan oleh Preeklamsi. Kejadian preeklamsia dapat dikatakan sebagai masalah kesehatan masyarakat jika CaseFatalityRate (CFR) preeklamsia mencapai 1,4% - 1,8%.Menurut data terakhir prevalensi kejadian preeklamsia di Indonesia sekitar 3-10%. Angka tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kejadian preeklamsia di Indonesia melewati batas CFR sehingga preeklamsia menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat. Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) pada tahun 2017 di Kabupaten Probolinggo sebanyak 14 orang. Penyebab langsung kematian ibu pada tahun 2017 disebabkan karena Perdarahan (15%), Preeklamsi/Eklamsi (50%), Infeksi (5%), Emboli Air Ketuban (5%), dan Lain-lain(25%). Semakin meningkatnya kejadian preeklampsi di Kabupaten Probolinggo diduga karena ibu hamil tidak memeriksakan kehamilannya secara teratur. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh pemeriksaan kehamilan secara teratur terhadap kejadian preeklamsia.Desain yang digunakananalitik korelasional dengan pendekatan Retrospektifstudy. Populasi yang digunakan semua ibu hamil pada tahun 2018. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan purposive sampling dan diperoleh sampel sejumlah 200 orang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi.Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah Chi Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 50% ibu hamil yang mengalami preeklamsi, sedangkan 59% dari ibu hamil yang mengalami preeklamsi tidak memeriksakan kehamilannya secara teratur. Setelah dianalisis dengan Chi Square didapatkan p value 0,003 yang artinya ada pengaruh pemeriksaan kehamilan secara teratur terhadap kejadian preeklamsi. Kata kunci : pemeriksaan kehamilan, teratur, preeklamsi ABSTRACTThe highest maternal mortality is caused Preeclampsia. The incidence of preeclampsia can be said to be a public health problem if the Case Fatality Rate (CFR) of preeclampsi areaches 1.4% - 1.8%. According to the latest data, the prevalence of preeclampsiain Indonesia is around 3-10%. This figures hows that the incidence of preeclampsiain Indonesia exceeds the CFR limit so that preeclampsia is one of the public health problems. The maternal mortality rate (AKI) in 2017 in Probolinggo Districtis 14 people. The direct cause of maternal deathin 2017 is caused by bleeding (15%), preeclampsia / eclampsia (50%), infection (5%), amnioticembolism (5%), and others (25%). The increasing incidence of preeclampsiain Probolinggo Regency is suspected because pregnant women do not check their pregnancy regularly. This study aims to analyze the effect of regular pregnancy examinations on the incidence of preeclampsia. The design used correlational analytic with a retrospective study approach. The population used was all pregnant women in 2018. The sampling technique was purposive sampling and a sample of 200 people met the inclusion criteria. Data collection used questionnaires and interviews. The statistical test used is Chi Square. The results showed that there were 50% of pregnant women who experienced preeclampsia, while 59% of pregnant women who experienced preeclampsia did not check their pregnancy regularly. After being analyzed with Chi Square, it was obtained p value 0.003, which means that the reisan effect of regula rpregnancy examinations on the incidence of preeclampsia. Keywords: pregnancy checkup, regular, preeclampsia

scholarly journals Hubungan Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Tindakan terhadap DBD dengan Keberadaan Jentik di Lingkungan Rumah Masyarakat Kecamatan Medan Marelan Tahun 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ade Pryta Simaremare ◽  
Novita Hasiani Simanjuntak ◽  
Saharnauli J. V. Simorangkir
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
P Value ◽  
Residential Housing ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Analytic Design ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Abstract Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is public health problem in Indonesia and causes  extraordinary event with  high mortality rate. It is caused by Dengue virus infection of the genus Flavivirirus transmitted by Aedes aegypti bite. All regions in Indonesia are risky for contracting DHF because the virus and the mosquitoes have spread widely in residential housing and public places throughout Indonesia. This study used an observational analytic design with cross sectional method. The respondents were people in the Marelan District of Medan. Data on knowledge, attitudes and practices about DHF were obtained through a guided questionnaire. Data about the presence of Aedes aegypti larvae were obtained through direct observation of the environment around the respondent's houses. The chi square analysis showed that the level of knowledge about DHF was not related to the presence of larvae with a p value of 0.128 (p value> 0.05). For attitude and practice aspects indicate relationship with p values of 0.01 and 0.004 (p value< 0.05). Often the knowledge about DHF is not manifested as action to reduce the presence of mosquito larvae causing the disease in their environment. Still, guidance in intensive counseling and motivating the community about eradicating mosquito nests is very important. Abstrak Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia dan sering menimbulkan kejadian luar biasa dengan tingkat kematian yang tinggi. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh infeksi virus Dengue dari genus Flavivirus yang dapat masuk ke dalam tubuh manusia melalui perantaraan nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Seluruh wilayah di Indonesia berisiko terjangkit penyakit DBD, sebab baik virus penyebab maupun nyamuk penularnya sudah tersebar luas di perumahan penduduk maupun di tempat-tempat umum di seluruh Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan disain penelitian analitik observasional dengan metode cross sectional. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat di Kecamatan Medan Marelan. Data variabel pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan mengenai DBD diperoleh melalui kuesioner secara terpimpin. Data variabel keberadaan jentik nyamuk Aedes aegypti diperoleh melalui observasi secara langsung lingkungan sekitar rumah responden. Hasil analisis chi square menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan mengenai penyakit DBD tidak berhubungan dengan keberadaan jentik dengan nilai p=0,128 (p value >0,05). Untuk aspek sikap dan tindakan menunjukkan adanya hubungan dengan nilai p masing-masing 0,01 dan 0,004 (p value <0,05). Seringkali pengetahuan mengenai DBD tidak diwujudnyatakan menjadi suatu tindakan untuk mengurangi keberadaan jentik nyamuk penyebab penyakit tersebut di lingkungan rumahnya. Walaupun demikian,pembinaan dalam penyuluhan dan motivasi yang intensif kepada masyarakat tentang pemberantasan sarang nyamuk tetap sangat penting dilakukan.

scholarly journals DAYA PREDASI IKAN CUPANG (Betta splendens) DAN IKAN GUPPY (Poecilia reticulate) TERHADAP LARVA INSTAR III NYAMUK Aedes aegypti SEBAGAI UPAYA PENGENDALIAN VEKTOR PENYAKIT DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE (DBD)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Siti Mutmainah ◽  
Eko Prasetyo ◽  
Lilis Sugiarti
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Poecilia Reticulata ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Fish Predation ◽  
Betta Splendens ◽  
P Value ◽  
Dengue Virus Infection ◽  
The Difference

Beta Fish Predation Power and Guppies Against the Third Instar Larvae of Mosquitos as a Vector Control Efforts in Dengue Fever         Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) disease was a disease caused by dengue virus infection remains a public health problem in Indonesia. The disease attacks all age groups every years. Effort to eradication DHF done by fulfill the predator of fish like cupang and guppy. The study to determined the difference of predation potential between betta and guppy toward the 3rd instar of larvae Aedes aegypti. This study was experimental with comparative study and one shoot chase study design. The population was larvae of Aedes aegypti mosquito 3rd instar with betta and guppy as many as 5. Every treatment used the larvae as many as 25. The treatment observe in 1, 2 , 4 and 6 hours the data analyze used the independent samples test. The results of independent samples test got the p value 0.000, proves there were the significantly difference of predation potential of betta and guppy toward the 3rd instar III of Larvae Aedes aegypti mosquito. Suggested to the society can used the predator fish to eradication the DHF disease. Keywords: The potential of predator fish Cupang (Betta sp.), Guppy (Poecilia reticulata), 3rd instar of larvae, Aedes aegypti. ABSTRAK        Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus dan ditularkan oleh nyamuk Aedes aegypti yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Penyakit ini menyerang semua kelompok umur dan muncul setiap tahun. Pengendalian DBD dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan ikan seperti ikan cupang dan guppy. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan  daya predasi  ikan cupang (Betta sp.) dan ikan guppy (Poecilia reticulata) terhadap larva instar III nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Jenis penelitian ini adalah  eksperimental bersifat komparatif dengan desain one shoot chase study. Subyek penelitian adalah larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti instar III, ikan cupang dan guppy masing-masing sebanyak 5 ekor. Setiap waktu pengamatan  menggunakan larva instar III sebanyak 25 ekor dan diulang sebanyak 5 kali. Pengamatan dilakukan selama 1, 2, 4 dan 6 jam. Analisis data menggunakan independent samples test. Hasil uji Independent Samples Test didapatkan nilai p value 0.000, membuktikan adanya perbedaan yang bermakna antara daya predator ikan cupang (Betta sp.) dengan ikan guppy (Poecilia reticulata) terhadap larva instar III nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Daya predator paling baik adalah  ikan cupang. Disarankan kepada masyarakat untuk memanfaatkan ikan predator dalam upaya mengendalikan penyakit Demam Berdarah.Kata Kunci: daya predator ikan cupang (Betta sp.), ikan guppy (Poecilia reticulata), larva instar III nyamuk Aedes aegypti.

Difusi dan Pola Spasial Sebaran Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) Di Kota Bandar Lampung

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Nurul Qamila ◽  
Agel Vidian Krama
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Descriptive Method

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a contagious disease caused by the dengue virus and is transmitted by the mosquito Aedes aegypti (Aa.aegypti). The population is still a public health problem that increases the number of sufferers and also widespread, with population and education. This study aims to reveal the spatial pattern and distribution of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) with the spatial pattern and the spread of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) can result in different locations of these allegations. From the map that can be used for the prevention of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DBD) in Bandar Lampung City. This study aims to reveal the spatial pattern and distribution of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) with the descriptive method and spatial pattern of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) can result in different locations of these allegations. From the map that can be used for the prevention of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DBD) in Bandar Lampung City. Keywords: DHF, Spatial Analysis

scholarly journals Population-Predicted MHC Class II Epitope Presentation of SARS-CoV-2 Structural Proteins Correlates to the Case Fatality Rates of COVID-19 in Different Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2630
Author(s):  
Chunguang Liang ◽  
Elena Bencurova ◽  
Eric Psota ◽  
Priya Neurgaonkar ◽  
Martina Prelog ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mhc Class Ii ◽  
Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Viral Envelope ◽  
Structural Proteins ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Infection Spread

We observed substantial differences in predicted Major Histocompatibility Complex II (MHCII) epitope presentation of SARS-CoV-2 proteins for different populations but only minor differences in predicted MHCI epitope presentation. A comparison of this predicted epitope MHC-coverage revealed for the early phase of infection spread (till day 15 after reaching 128 observed infection cases) highly significant negative correlations with the case fatality rate. Specifically, this was observed in different populations for MHC class II presentation of the viral spike protein (p-value: 0.0733 for linear regression), the envelope protein (p-value: 0.023), and the membrane protein (p-value: 0.00053), indicating that the high case fatality rates of COVID-19 observed in some countries seem to be related with poor MHC class II presentation and hence weak adaptive immune response against these viral envelope proteins. Our results highlight the general importance of the SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins in immunological control in early infection spread looking at a global census in various countries and taking case fatality rate into account. Other factors such as health system and control measures become more important after the early spread. Our study should encourage further studies on MHCII alleles as potential risk factors in COVID-19 including assessment of local populations and specific allele distributions.

scholarly journals Analisis faktor kejadian wasting pada anak balita 12-59 bulan di Puskesmas Bulili Kota Palu: Studi cross sectional

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Hepti Muliyati ◽  
Menis Mbali ◽  
Hadidja Bando ◽  
Riana Pangestu Utami ◽  
Opyn Mananta
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test

Wasting on children is an important public health problem because of its considerable impact on their health and growth. This problem could lead to iron deficiency which could induce infection disease and probably lower a child’s intelligence as a long-term effect. This study aimed to analyze factors related to wasting on 12-59 months children in Bulili Public Health Center (PHC), Palu City. The analytical descriptive study designed with a cross-sectional approach was applied in this study. One hundred and twenty-one subject was selected from 283 children with purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed with chi-square and Fisher exact test with significant (p < 0,05). The result showed that most children with low birth weight experienced wasting with a p-value = 0,000. Most of the children from higher-income families did not experience wasting with a p-value = 0,004. Most children who didn’t receive breastfeeding milk did not experience wasting with a p-value = 0,958. This study concluded a correlation between low birth weight and income to wasting, but breastfeeding practice was not related.

scholarly journals Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever-induced liver injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sawai Singh Rathore ◽  
Ade Harrison Manju ◽  
Qingqing Wen ◽  
Manush Sondhi ◽  
Reshma Pydi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
High Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Pooled Prevalence

Background: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a fatal acute tick-borne viral infection and a substantial emerging global public health threat. This illness has a high case fatality rate of up to 40%. The liver is one of the important target organs of the CCHF virus. Objective: The aim of this meta-analysis to evaluate the correlation between CCHF  and liver injury and draw more generalized inferences about the abnormal serum markers of liver injury such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in CCHF patients. Methods: A literature search was accomplished for published eligible articles with MEDLINE/PubMed and Embase databases. All eligible observational studies and case series were included from around the world. The inclusion criteria were articles describing liver injury biomarkers AST and ALT amongst patients diagnosed with CCHF. Results: Data from 18 studies, consisting of 1238 patients with CCHF  were included in this meta-analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of at least one raised liver injury biomarker was 77.95% (95% CI, I2 = 88.50%, p < 0.0001). Similarly, pooled prevalence of elevated AST and ALT was 85.92% (95% CI, I2 = 85.27%,  p < 0.0001) and 64.30% (95% CI, I2 = 88.32%,  p < 0.0001) respectively.  Both Egger and Begg-Mazumdar’s tests detected no apparent publication bias in all three meta-analyses(p > 0.05).  Conclusion: These elevated liver injury biomarkers have been identified as significant prognostic factors. Hence, Physicians must recognize and continuously monitor these biomarkers, since these aid early stratification of prognosis and the prevention of severe outcomes in infection with such a high case fatality rate.

scholarly journals Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk 3M Plus terhadap Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue di Puskesmas Payung Sekaki Kota Pekanbaru; Studi Kasus Kontrol

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyagita Widya Sari ◽  
Retno Putri
Keyword(s):  
Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Purposive Sampling

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) adalah penyakit menular yangdisebabkan oleh virus Dengue dan ditularkan melalui gigitan nyamukAedes aegypti. Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Riau melaporkan jumlah kasusDBD sebanyak 277 dan Case Fatality Rate (CFR) DBD sebesar 1,4% padatahun 2016, di mana kasus terbanyak berasal dari Kota Pekanbaru yaitu58 kasus dengan CFR sebesar 0%. Adapun, CFR DBD di wilayah kerjaPuskesmas Payung Sekaki meningkat dari 0% pada tahun 2015 menjadi0,7% pada tahun 2016. DBD merupakan penyakit berbasis lingkunganyang dapat dicegah dengan melakukan tindakan pengendalian vektor,antara lain dengan pemberantasan sarang nyamuk (PSN) dan tindakanpencegahan lainnya. Akan tetapi, partisipasi aktif masyarakat dalam PSNmasih rendah dan kurang. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahuihubungan PSN 3M Plus dengan kejadian DBD di wilayah kerja PuskesmasPayung Sekaki Kota Pekanbaru tahun 2017. Penelitian ini dilakukan padabulan Agustus tahun 2017. Desain studi penelitian ini adalah observasionaldengan pendekatan kasus kontrol. Jumlah sampel kasus dipilih denganteknik total sampling yaitu 40 kasus, sedangkan sampel kontrol dipilihdengan teknik purposive sampling yaitu 80 kontrol. Analisis datamenggunakan uji regresi logistik ganda. Hasil analisis multivariatmenunjukkan bahwa kebiasaan menggunakan obat nyamuk palingdominan menjelaskan perubahan variabel kejadian DBD (p-value = 0,092;OR = 2,76; 95% CI = 0,85-8,87). Variabel praktik M1 (menguras TPA),keberadaan kawat kassa nyamuk dalam ventilasi rumah, kebiasaanmenggantung pakaian, dan kebiasaan menggunakan obat nyamukberhubungan dan merupakan faktor risiko kejadian DBD di wilayah kerjaPuskesmas Payung Sekaki Kota Pekanbaru

scholarly journals The burden of presumed tuberculosis in hospitalized children in a resource-limited setting in Papua New Guinea: a prospective observational study

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 374-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Villa Watch ◽  
Jimmy Aipit ◽  
Tina Kote-Yarong ◽  
Allanie Rero ◽  
John W Bolnga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Fatality Rate

Abstract Background In Papua New Guinea, TB is considered to be a major public health problem, but little is known about the prevalence and prognosis of presumed TB in children. Methods As part of a prospective hospital-based surveillance on the northern coast of mainland Papua New Guinea, the authors investigated the admission prevalence and case fatality rate associated with presumed TB over a 6-year period (2011–2016). All children admitted who were diagnosed with TB were followed-up until discharge or death. Results Of 8992 paediatric admissions, 734 patients (8.2%) were diagnosed with presumed TB and there were 825 deaths, with TB accounting for 102 (12.4%). Extrapulmonary TB was the final diagnosis in 384 admissions {prevalence 4.3% [384/8992 (95% CI 3.9–4.7)]} with a case fatality rate of 21.4% [82/384 (95% CI 17.4–25.9)]. TB meningitis, disseminated TB and pericardial TB had high case fatality rates of 29.0% (53/183), 28.9% (11/38) and 25% (4/16), respectively. Severe malnutrition was more common in patients with pulmonary compared with extrapulmonary TB (25.4% vs 15.6%; p&lt;0.01). Conclusions Improved community-based case detection strategies, routine BCG vaccinations and other effective forms of TB control need revitalization and sustainability to reduce the high case fatality rates associated with childhood TB in Papua New Guinea.

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