scholarly journals CONTROL OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF CASTING BRASS IN INGOTS USED FOR MANUFACTURE OF STOP VALVES

2017 ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
A. A. Pivovarchyk ◽  
Е. V. Pivovarchyk
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Scanning Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron

The article presents the results of a research of the chemical composition of brass foundry grade LS, supplied by domestic and foreign producers, as well as the chemical composition of brass lead grade LC4C used for the manufacture of stop valves. The research was made with use of optical emission spectrometers of various models and a scanning microscope. It was established that the pig delivered by the domestic producers corresponds to parameters of chemical composition for the pig’s foundry brand LS, while in the pig supplied by foreign producers there were found disparities of the chemical composition of certain basic elements. The results of the studies showed that the pig supplied by all producers, as well as the melt obtained with its use, contain in its composition such harmful impurities as S, Bi and P in the amount of 0.001%, 0.0017% and 0.0045%, respectively, that can lead to a decrease in the technological properties of products. It has been established that the use of ARL 3460 and OBLF-QSW 750 emission spectrometers and the Tescan VEGA II LMU scanning electron microscope makes it possible to obtain practically identical values of the content of the main elements and impurities in pigs of foundry and brass lead grade LC40C in studies on determining the chemical composition of the materials under study. 

Oxidation of Manganese-Containing Aluminum Alloys Studied by SEM

2014 ◽  
Vol 794-796 ◽  
pp. 1095-1100
Author(s):  
Shawn C. Wilson ◽  
Anne Kvithyld ◽  
Thorvald Abel Engh ◽  
Gabriella Tranell
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Oxide Film ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Muffle Furnace ◽  
Mn Content ◽  
Small Clusters ◽  
Scanning Electron

During remelting of aluminum manganese-containing alloys, some industrial experience has indicateda tendency toward increased oxidation losses when compared to unalloyed Al. A goal of thiswork is to increase current knowledge of oxidation of Mn-containing aluminum. An oxidation studywas performed on 99.99% Al, Al-1%Mn and Al-5%Mn materials in a muffle furnace in air. Theseoxidized materials were analyzed in the Scanning Electron Microscope using Energy Dispersive xraySpectroscopy (EDS) both for chemical composition and to analyze the structure of the oxide thatwas formed. The main findings from the SEM analysis of the oxidized 99.99% Al, Al1%Mn andAl5%Mn materials are: 1) The oxides formed on the Al1Mn and Al5Mn materials contained onlyminute amounts of Mn. However, small clusters of Mn metal were found among the Al2O3 particleson the surface of the Al1Mn and Al5Mn samples. 2) Dissolved Mn increased from the surface to theinterior, and Mn-rich particles were present in the interior of the Al1Mn and Al5Mn samples. 3) Theoxide layer thickness increases with Mn content, and the oxide film is more fragmented.

scholarly journals ТHЕ ANALYSIS OF NATURE OF DAMAGE OF THE MATRIX MATERIAL, USED IN PRODUCTION OF DIAMOND DRILLING AND STONE-WORKING TOOLS DURING THE DESTRUCTION OF A ROCKS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Vynohradova ◽  
◽  
Oleksandr Vasylchuk ◽  
Anatoly Zakora ◽  
Grygorii Petasyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Diamond Tool ◽  
Roughness Element ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Dynamic Interaction ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this paper are studied themechanism of matrix damage in rock cutting diamond toolswhen interacting with rock. Earlier, in the sludge obtained during mining with a diamond tool on a block of sandstone of the Torez deposit, using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) ZEISS EVO 50 XVP, equipped with Oxford Instruments` Ultim Max 100 energy-dispersive X-ray analyzer (elemental analysis) particles were found whose chemical composition corresponded to the matrix material of the tool. According to the theory of M.V. Kirpichev, the complete correspondence of all configuration elements of the individual studied matrix particles and rock particles, which the sludge obtained as a result of work of diamond tool testifies to a single mechanism of brittle fracture of both counterbodies during dynamic interaction. However, the nature of the matrix material indentation, remains, unexplored. On the basis of the hypothesis that the damage to the matrix material of a diamond tool is carried out by roughness elements from the side of the rock, the goal was set to investigate the wear products of a diamond-free insert made from material, used as a matrix in a diamond rock-breaking tool with a short-term dynamic contact with cooling with a rock block However, the nature of the matrix material indentation, remains, unexplored. The originality of the method lies in the fact that in this study, the destructive indenters are not diamond grains, which gouge out particles of the rock, but elements of the roughness of the rock, which damage theexperimental cylindrical free-diamond element from NiSn (6%), having a density of 7.875 g/cm3, performed by the method of intensive sintering. The sludge obtained as a result of a short-term interaction of the experimental element and the rotating block of the rock on the bench was examined using a , using aabove-mentioned scanning electron microscope. The spectral analysis of the removed from the sludge particle of matrix material from which the experimental diamond-free element was made, confirmed the conformity of chemical composition of particle to the chemical composition of the matrix material of the experimental diamond-free sample.Full correspondence of all configurational components of a NiSn particle (6%) obtained by the action of a rock roughness element on a diamond-free insert during their dynamic interaction with all configurational components of wear particles of a diamond tool matrix., according to the similarity theory of M.V. Kirpichev, confirms the above-mentioned hypothesis.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF LEALED TECHNICAL LIGNOSULPHANATES ON THE PHYSICAL-MECHANICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF LIQUID-GLASS MIXTURES

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
N. A. Kidalov ◽  
N. V. Grigorieva ◽  
A. V. Orlova
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Residual Strength ◽  
Liquid Glass ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Beam Scanning ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Structure Of Liquid ◽  
Glass Films

The paper presents the results of a study of the effect of technical alkalized lignosulfonates on the physicomechanical and technological properties of liquid glass mixtures. As a result of the study, a composition was selected that achieved the lowest residual strength. Using a two-beam scanning electron microscope "Versa 3D", the structure of liquid glass films on a refractory quartz filler is examined with the aim of defects that provide a decrease in residual strength.

A High Vacuum Scanning Electron Microscope

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 422-423
Author(s):  
W. R. Bottoms
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Electron Source ◽  
Electron Gun ◽  
Vacuum System ◽  
Contamination Rate ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Scanning Electron

The vacuum system of any electron optical instrument effects the contamination rate, electron source life, the quality of the electron source which can be employed, vibration amplitudes and stray magnetic field levels. It is particularly important for the scanning electron microscope where the object of primary interest is a specimen surface which can be altered by contamination. If we extend our investigations to employ Auger electron spectroscopy for surface chemical analysis, the requirements on the vacuum system are much more stringent. It is necessary that the chemical composition of the surface monolayer is not appreciably altered during the time required to take Auger spectra. The vacuum level required to accomplish this is dependent on the specimen material and the chemical composition of the ambient gas.Commercially available equipment can be modified to provide a vacuum environment maximizing the analytical capabilities of the instrument. The gas loads from the specimen and electron gun chambers of the instrument are minimized by utilizing only materials with favorable outgassing rates, and employing a gentle bakeout to remove water and other loosely bound gases on the system surfaces.

Scanning Microscope Observations of the Pigment Strand in the Caryopsis of Wheat

1975 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Zee
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Scanning Microscope ◽  
Pigment Strand ◽  
Scanning Electron

Structural features of the tissues of the pigment strand in the caryopsis of wheat were studied by means of the scanning electron microscope.

Structure of Al-AlN Composite Coatings Obtained by Arc-PVD Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 465 ◽  
pp. 263-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boguslaw Mendala
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Martensitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Multilayer Coatings ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
Nitride Coatings ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this paper the investigations concerning deposition of aluminium and aluminium nitride coatings by Arc-PVD method were presented. The tests were done on samples made of martensitic stainless steel EI962 (11H11N2W2MF) type. The aluminium base coatings are corrosion resistant in many environments and are anodic in comparison with most of steel. For this reason those coatings are expected to form a replacement for cadmium galvanic coatings. The main parameters of aluminium base coatings deposition by Arc-PVD processes were presented. Influence of Arc-PVD parameters on Al-AlN composite coatings structure was described. The models of Al-AlN composite coatings and Al/Al-AlN multilayer coatings as well as the scanning electron microscope microstructure and profile chemical composition by GDOS analysis of the coatings deposited on EI962 stainless steel were shown.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Particles and Debris Released after Implantoplasty: A Comparative Study

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 602
Author(s):  
Xixi Wu ◽  
Changjie Cai ◽  
Javier Gil ◽  
Elizabeth Jantz ◽  
Yacoub Al Sakka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Particle Sizer ◽  
Group B ◽  
Scanning Electron

Titanium particles embedded on peri-implant tissues are associated with a variety of detrimental effects. Given that the characteristics of these detached fragments (size, concentration, etc.) dictate the potential cytotoxicity and biological repercussions exerted, it is of paramount importance to investigate the properties of these debris. This study compares the characteristics of particles released among different implant systems (Group A: Straumann, Group B: BioHorizons and Group C: Zimmer) during implantoplasty. A novel experimental system was utilized for measuring and collecting particles generated from implantoplasty. A scanning mobility particle sizer, aerodynamic particle sizer, nano micro-orifice uniform deposit impactor, and scanning electron microscope were used to collect and analyze the particles by size. The chemical composition of the particles was analyzed by highly sensitive microanalysis, microstructures by scanning electron microscope and the mechanical properties by nanoindentation equipment. Particles released by implantoplasty showed bimodal size distributions, with the majority of particles in the ultrafine size range (<100 nm) for all groups. Statistical analysis indicated a significant difference among all implant systems in terms of the particle number size distribution (p < 0.0001), with the highest concentration in Group B and lowest in Group C, in both fine and ultrafine modes. Significant differences among all groups (p < 0.0001) were also observed for the other two metrics, with the highest concentration of particle mass and surface area in Group B and lowest in Group C, in both fine and ultrafine modes. For coarse particles (>1 µm), no significant difference was detected among groups in terms of particle number or mass, but a significantly smaller surface area was found in Group A as compared to Group B (p = 0.02) and Group C (p = 0.005). The 1 first minute of procedures had a higher number concentration compared to the second and third minutes. SEM-EDS analysis showed different morphologies for various implant systems. These results can be explained by the differences in the chemical composition and microstructures of the different dental implants. Group B is softer than Groups A and C due to the laser treatment in the neck producing an increase of the grain size. The hardest implants were those of Group C due to the cold-strained titanium alloy, and consequently they displayed lower release than Groups A and B. Implantoplasty was associated with debris particle release, with the majority of particles at nanometric dimensions. BioHorizons implants released more particles compared to Straumann and Zimmer. Due to the widespread use of implantoplasty, it is of key importance to understand the characteristics of the generated debris. This is the first study to detect, quantify and analyze the debris/particles released from dental implants during implantoplasty including the full range of particle sizes, including both micro- and nano-scales.

scholarly journals Effect of Microstructure on Mechanical Properties of BA1055 Bronze Castings

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Łabanowski ◽  
T. Olkowski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Aluminum Bronze ◽  
Marine Propellers ◽  
Casting Technology ◽  
Alloy Microstructure ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The article presents research results performed on aluminum bronze CuAl10Fe5Ni5 (BA1055) castings used for marine propellers. Metallographic studies were made on light microscope and a scanning electron microscope to assess quantitatively and qualitatively the alloy microstructure. It has been shown that the shape, size and distribution of the iron-rich к−phase precipitates in bronze microstructure significantly affect its mechanical properties. With an increase in the number of small к−phase precipitates increases the tensile strength of castings, while the presence of large globular precipitates improves ductility. Fragmentation and shape of κ−phase precipitates depends on many factors, particularly on the chemical composition of the alloy, Fe/Ni ratio, cooling rate and casting technology.

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