Haemagglutination (HA) test of   Helicobacter pylori

Thirty clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori bacteria obtained from patients attending endoscopy unit of Ibn-Sena teaching hospital in Mosul . These patients were complaining from epigastric pain , dyspepsia , acidity , vomiting , abdominal pain , flatulance , heart burn and melena . The H. pylori isolates were used for Haemagglutination assay (HA) , which involves the recognition of various glycoconjugates on the surface of red blood cells . In this study sheep red blood cells has been used in (HA) assay because the sheep erythrocytes surface resemble that of human epithelial cells . The results proved by (HA) assay, the ability of H. pylori to adherence to specific receptors on the surface of Human Epithelial Cell , which is the first step in the pathogenic process .

Download Full-text

Prevalence and factors associated with Helicobacter Pylori infection among children with sickle cell anemia attending Mulago hospital, in Uganda

10.21203/rs.2.15343/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

IDRIS SWALEH MUBIRU ◽

Phillip Gita Kasirye ◽

Heather Hume ◽

Grace Ndeezi

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Abdominal Pain ◽

Sickle Cell ◽

Sickle Cell Anemia ◽

Epigastric Pain ◽

Pneumococcal Vaccination ◽

Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽

Mulago Hospital ◽

Factors Associated ◽

H Pylori

Abstract Background Children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) have a high predisposition to a range of infections and gastrointestinal disorders. Studies of children living in low income countries have shown high levels of infection with Helicobacter Pylori (H. Pylori), however, there are no reports in children with sickle cell anemia.Objectives We aimed to describe the prevalence and factors associated with Helicobacter pylori infection among children with sickle cell anemia at Mulago Hospital Sickle Cell Clinic, in Uganda.Methods A cross sectional design was employed to consecutively enroll 369 children with confirmed sickle cell anemia aged 5-18 years, attending the Mulago hospital sickle cell clinic. Assessments included; abdominal pain (current, recurrent, generalized or epigastric), dyspeptic symptoms, other relevant medical and social histories. Blood and stool samples were collected and an antigen test (test kit SD Bioline) was carried out on the latter to determine H.pylori infection. Ethical approval, consent and assent (for children above 8 years of age) were obtained. Data was entered using EPI DATA version 3.1 and analysed using STATA version 12.0. H. pylori prevalence was determined as a proportion of children with a positive stool test expressed as a percentage. Adjusted Odds ratios (aOR) were used to determine factors associated with H.pylori infection.Results H.pylori infection was detected in 47.7% (176/379), 95% CI (42.9-53.1) of the cases. Having epigastric pain was independently associated with H.pylori infection; aOR 2.22, 95%CI: (1.1 – 4.6), p-value= 0.03 . Pneumococcal vaccination aOR 0.41, 95% (CI 0.2-0.9; p=0.019 ) or H.pyroli combination therapy aOR 0.183, 95% (CI 0.1- 0.6; p=0.006 ) were protective against H.pylori. Recurrent abdominal pain did not predict H.pyroli infection. Conclusions H.pylori infection was common among children with sickle cell anemia and was independently associated with epigastric pain but not recurrent pain. Pneumococcal vaccination and combination H. pylori treatment were protective against the infection. Screening for H.Pylori should be carried out in sickle cell anaemia children with epigastric pain.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of AntiHelicobacter pylori Antibodies among Students of Cihan University, Erbil

Cihan University-Erbil Scientific Journal ◽

10.24086/cuesj.v3n1y2019.pp66-70 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 66-70

Author(s):

Sarah Hoshyar Maroof ◽

Hadi Mahdi Alsakee ◽

Gulistan Hussein Muhammad ◽

Asia Sherzad Muhammad ◽

Ilaf Abdulrazaq Rashid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Peptic Ulcer ◽

Abdominal Pain ◽

Chronic Disease ◽

University Students ◽

Epigastric Pain ◽

Tap Water ◽

Human Stomach ◽

Blood Samples ◽

H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori is resident in human stomach and causes chronic disease (peptic ulcer and gastritis). The mouth and colon were both known to host a large number of microbes. This study was carried out to investigate the seroprevalence of H. pylori infection among Cihan University students. A total of 197 blood samples were collected from the students (53 females and 144 males) from 13 departments of Cihan University, Erbil, and tested for anti-H. pylori antibodies, using rapid immunochromatography assay. Among 197 students tested, 44 (22.3%) showed positive reaction for H. pylori, 32 males and 12 females. It was non-significantly higher among students with ages ranged between 29 and 32 years old. Twenty-one of infected students were using tap water for drinking. Twenty-six (59.1%) of positive students experienced no symptoms and 18 (40.9%) were symptomatic (13.63% epigastric pain and 27.2% abdominal pain).

Download Full-text

Frequency of rdx A Deletion Mutation Conferring Metronidazole Resistance in Helicobacter pylori

10.51429/ejmm29308 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 59-64

Author(s):

Hanaa M. El Maghraby ◽

Samar Mohaseb

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Epigastric Pain ◽

Deletion Mutation ◽

Rapid Urease Test ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

University Hospitals ◽

Metronidazole Resistance ◽

Urease Test ◽

Gastric Biopsies ◽

H Pylori

Background: Metronidazole is one of the antimicrobial drugs that can be used in combination with other drugs for eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori).Unfortunately, metronidazole resistance in H. plori is an increasing health problem which may be attributed to inactivation of many genes as rdx A gene. Objective: To determine the frequency of rdx A deletion mutation in H. pylori detected in infected patients attending at the Gastroenterology Unit, Zagazig University Hospitals. Methodology: Two gastric biopsies were taken from each enrolled patient by endoscopy. H.pylori detection was done by rapid urease test and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of 16S rRNA gene. Deletion mutation in rdx A gene was detected by conventional PCR. Results: Out of 134 doubled gastric biopsies obtained from 134 patients, 52.2% were positive for H. pylori. Epigastric pain, vomiting and gastritis were significantly associated with detection of H. pylori infection (p˂ 0.05). Deletion mutation of rdx A gene was detected in 28.6% of H. pylori positive specimens obtained from infected patients. Conclusion: Deletion mutation of rdx A gene is a frequent determinant of rdx A inactivation conferring metronidazole resistance among H. pylori.

Download Full-text

Helicobacter pylori infection in Iran: demographic, endoscopic and pathological factors

BMC Gastroenterology ◽

10.1186/s12876-021-01931-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Seyedeh Amineh Hojati ◽

Sara Kokabpeyk ◽

Salma Yaghoubi ◽

Farahnaz Joukar ◽

Mehrnaz Asgharnezhad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Peptic Ulcer ◽

Epigastric Pain ◽

Tap Water ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽

Common Symptom ◽

Pathological Findings ◽

Significant Difference ◽

H Pylori

Abstract Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the most important risk factor for gastritis and peptic ulcer. However, factors other than H. pylori are involved in its pathogenesis. In the current study, we aimed to compare the clinical manifestations and endoscopic and histopathological findings of patients with and without H. pylori infection. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 233 patients with dyspepsia, referred for endoscopy, were examined regarding the presence of H. pylori infection. During an endoscopic exam, 5 biopsy specimens were taken from the stomach. The criteria for the presence of H. pylori infection was the presence and identification of bacteria in pathology. Two groups of H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative patients were compared regarding their demographic, endoscopic, and pathological findings. Results Of 233 patients, 154 (66.1%) were non-smokers, 201 (86.3%) were not alcohol users, and 153 (65.7%) used tap water. The most common symptom, reported in 157 (67.4%) patients, was epigastric pain. There was a significant difference between patients with and without H. pylori infection in terms of the educational status, occupational status, family history of gastrointestinal cancer, and some gastrointestinal symptoms. Also, there was a significant relationship between the endoscopic and pathological findings of patients with H. pylori. Conclusions The results of the present study revealed that H. pylori infection was not associated with sex, alcohol consumption, or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use. The role of H. pylori in the pathophysiology of peptic ulcer was clarified. Also, there was a significant difference in the endoscopic and pathological findings of patients with H. pylori.

Download Full-text

Are Synbiotics added to the Standard Therapy to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in Children Beneficial? A Randomized Controlled Study

Euroasian Journal of Hepato-Gastroenterology ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1205 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 17-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Banu N Şirvan ◽

Merve K Usta ◽

Nuray U Kızılkan ◽

Nafiye Urgancı

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Abdominal Pain ◽

Triple Therapy ◽

Standard Therapy ◽

Randomized Controlled Study ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Group I ◽

Dyspeptic Symptoms ◽

H Pylori

ABSTRACT Aim We aimed to evaluate the role of the addition of Bifidobacterium lactis-containing synbiotic to the triple therapy in the case of Helicobacter pylori eradication, the dyspeptic symptoms, and reducing the side effects of antibiotics. Materials and methods A total of 104 children aged between 5 and 17 years, who were histopathologically diagnosed with H. pylori were enrolled in this study, of whom 100 were included in the analysis. Patients were randomly classified into two groups. In the first group, 50 patients were administered amoxicillin + clarithromycin + lansoprazole for 14 days and B. lactis-containing synbiotic. In the second group, 50 patients were treated with the standard triple therapy. All patients were given information after completion of therapy. Results H. pylori eradication was achieved in 88% in group I who received standard therapy with additional synbiotic and 72% in group II (p = 0.046). The number of patients in the second group who suffered from abdominal pain between the 3rd and 14th day of the treatment was higher (p < 0.05). The addition of probiotics to the triple therapy significantly reduced the frequency of diarrhea, but no significant difference was detected in the frequency of metallic taste (p = 0.04, p = 0.418 respectively). Conclusion The addition of synbiotic to the triple therapy is effective for eradicating H. pylori infection in children and is usually helpful to reduce or eliminate dyspeptic symptoms like abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vomiting. This study suggest that improved tolerance to the eradication treatment also reduces the treatment failure by adding probiotics and encourages the future study using probiotic supplementation in H. pylori treatment. How to cite this article Şirvan BN, Usta MK, Kızılkan NU, Urgancı N. Are Synbiotics added to the Standard Therapy to eradicate Helicobacter Pylori in Children Beneficial? A Randomized Controlled Study. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2017;7(1):17-22.

Download Full-text

Atypical presentation at acute gastritis: significant gastric wall thickening as a presentation of a primary Helicobacter pylori infection in children

BMJ Case Reports ◽

10.1136/bcr-2021-243912 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (7) ◽

pp. e243912

Author(s):

Kiyokuni Nakamura ◽

Ryo Tamura ◽

Yoshitomi Yasui ◽

Hideaki Okajima

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Epigastric Pain ◽

Gastric Wall ◽

Malignant Tumour ◽

Wall Thickening ◽

Atypical Presentation ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Ulcer Disease ◽

Acute Gastritis ◽

H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori infection could cause chronic inflammation in the stomach and induce peptic ulcer disease or even malignant tumour. The initial infection of the organism happens in childhood but most of cases are latent. We had a case of 10-year-old girl who presented with acute epigastric pain and significant thickening of the stomach wall on CT. The finding seemed atypical for acute gastritis so oesophagogastroduodenoscopy and serology examination were added and the primary infection of H. pylori was confirmed with the exclusion of other possible diagnoses like eosinophilic gastritis and IgA vasculitis. Acute gastritis is one of the most common sickness in children, however, it would be worthwhile considering further investigation including H. pylori infection in a case of atypical presentation to prevent negative consequences derived from chronic H. pylori infection.

Download Full-text

Effect of Astaxanthin on Activation of Autophagy and Inhibition of Apoptosis in Helicobacter pylori-Infected Gastric Epithelial Cell Line AGS

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12061750 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 1750 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hanbit Lee ◽

Joo Weon Lim ◽

Hyeyoung Kim

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Protein Kinase ◽

Epithelial Cell ◽

Cell Line ◽

Gastric Epithelial Cell ◽

Epithelial Cell Line ◽

Ags Cells ◽

Compound C ◽

H Pylori ◽

Induced Apoptosis

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection leads to the massive apoptosis of the gastric epithelial cells, causing gastric ulcers, gastritis, and gastric adenocarcinoma. Autophagy is a cellular recycling process that plays important roles in cell death decisions and can protect cells by preventing apoptosis. Upon the induction of autophagy, the level of the autophagy substrate p62 is reduced and the autophagy-related ratio of microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3B)-II/LC3B-I is heightened. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) are involved in the regulation of autophagy. Astaxanthin (AST) is a potent anti-oxidant that plays anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer roles in various cells. In the present study, we examined whether AST inhibits H. pylori-induced apoptosis through AMPK-mediated autophagy in the human gastric epithelial cell line AGS (adenocarcinoma gastric) in vitro. In this study, H. pylori induced apoptosis. Compound C, an AMPK inhibitor, enhanced the H. pylori-induced apoptosis of AGS cells. In contrast, metformin, an AMPK activator, suppressed H. pylori-induced apoptosis, showing that AMPK activation inhibits H. pylori-induced apoptosis. AST inhibited H. pylori-induced apoptosis by increasing the phosphorylation of AMPK and decreasing the phosphorylation of RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (Akt) and mTOR in H. pylori-stimulated cells. The number of LC3B puncta in H. pylori-stimulated cells increased with AST. These results suggest that AST suppresses the H. pylori-induced apoptosis of AGS cells by inducing autophagy through the activation of AMPK and the downregulation of its downstream target, mTOR. In conclusion, AST may inhibit gastric diseases associated with H. pylori infection by increasing autophagy through the activation of the AMPK pathway.

Download Full-text

Helicobacter pylori associated with breastfeeding, nutritional status and recurrent abdominal pain in healthy Nigerian children

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ◽

10.3855/jidc.3196 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (04) ◽

pp. 448-453 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Idowu O Senbanjo ◽

Kazeem A Oshikoya ◽

Olisamedua F Njokanma

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Abdominal Pain ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Recurrent Abdominal Pain ◽

University Teaching ◽

Breastfeeding Duration ◽

Pediatric Care ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Healthy Children ◽

H Pylori

Introduction: There is limited knowledge about the associations of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the current prevalence and associations of H. pylori infection with breastfeeding practices, nutritional status, and recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) in a group of apparently healthy children and adolescents in Lagos, Nigeria. Methodology: This was a prospective hospital-based study conducted at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital that involved 118 children who came to the hospital for routine pediatric care. Seroprevalence status of the children was determined by measuring immunoglobulin G antibodies against H. pylori using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Seventy-five (63.6%) children were seropositive for H. pylori. The prevalence of H. pylori infection increased significantly from 40.4% in children less than five years of age to 85.1% at six to ten years of age (χ2 = 20.9, p < 0.001). H. pylori infection was associated with low social class (OR = 3.24; 95% CI = 1.20-8.23, p = 0.016) and with RAP (OR = 3.47; 95% CI = 1.55-7.79, p = 0.002), but no association was observed with exclusive breastfeeding, duration of breastfeeding, and under-nutrition. Conclusions: The prevalence of H. pylori infection is high, particularly among children from low socioeconomic backgrounds in Lagos, Nigeria. It is associated with RAP. The effect of this infection on children’s health requires further studies.

Download Full-text

Relation between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastrointestinal symptoms and syndromes

Gut ◽

10.1136/gut.41.2.169 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 169-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

S Rosenstock ◽

L Kay ◽

C Rosenstock ◽

L P Andersen ◽

O Bonnevie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Epigastric Pain ◽

Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Ulcer Disease ◽

Abdominal Symptoms ◽

Nocturnal Pain ◽

H Pylori ◽

Upper Dyspepsia

Background—Helicobacter pylori is a human pathogen that colonises the gastric mucosa and causes permanent gastric inflammation.Aims—To assess the symptoms of H pylori infection in an adult unselected population.Subjects—A random sample of 3589 adult Danes who were examined in 1982 and 1987 (n=2987).Methods—Abdominal symptoms within the preceding year were recorded at both attendances. Circulating IgG antibodies against H pylori in serum samples drawn in 1982 were measured by using in-house indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).Results—People with increased levels of IgG antibodies to H pylori were more likely than uninfected individuals to report heartburn (odds ratio (OR) = 1.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03–1.54) and abdominal pain characterised by daily length (OR = 1.33, 95% CI 0.92–1.91), nocturnal occurrence (OR = 1.62, 95% CI 1.19–2.19), spring aggravation (OR = 1.68, 95% CI 0.70–4.05), and no relation to meals (OR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.43–0.91) or stress (OR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.50–0.95). The inclusion of people with increased levels of IgG antibodies to H pylori, but without upper dyspepsia, at study entry significantly increased the likelihood of reporting upper dyspepsia at follow up (OR = 1.71, 95% CI 1.24–2.36). People with epigastric pain and increased levels of IgM antibodies to H pylori only indicative of acute H pylori infection were more likely to report nocturnal pain, heartburn, nausea, and vomiting.Conclusions—H pylori infection may precede the development of dyspepsia and is associated with a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms in people with no history of peptic ulcer disease.

Download Full-text

Plasmodium vivax severe imported malaria in two migrants in France

10.21203/rs.2.17341/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Arezki Izri ◽

Sandrine Cojean ◽

Claire Leblanc ◽

Yves Cohen ◽

Olivier Bouchaud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Septic Shock ◽

Abdominal Pain ◽

Red Blood Cells ◽

Plasmodium Vivax ◽

Blood Cells ◽

Vivax Malaria ◽

Primary Infection ◽

Blood Film ◽

Imported Malaria ◽

Malaria Episode

Abstract Background: With less than one severe case per year in average, P. vivax is very rarely associated with severe imported malaria in France. We report two cases of P. vivax severe malaria in patients with no evident co-morbidity. Interestingly, both cases did not occur at the primary infection but during relapses. Case presentations Patient 1 A 27-year old male, born in Afghanistan and living in France since 2012, was admitted on August 2015 to our hospital because of abdominal pain, intense headache, fever and hypotension. The patient was hemodynamically unstable despite 5 liters of filling solution. A thin blood film showed Plasmodium vivax trophozoites within the red blood cells. To take care of the septic shock, the patient was given rapid fluid resuscitation, norepinephrine (0.5 mg/h), and intravenous artesunate. Nested polymerase chain reactions of the SSUrRNA gene were negative for P. falciparum but positive for P. vivax. The patient became apyretic in less than 24H and the parasitaemia was negative at the same time. Patient 2 A 24-year old male, born in Pakistan and living in France, was admitted on august 2016 to our hospital because of fever, abdominal pain, headache, myalgia, and nausea. The last travel of the patient in a malaria endemic area occurred in 2013. A thin blood film showed Plasmodium vivax trophozoites within the red blood cells. The patient was treated orally by artenimol-piperaquine and recovered rapidly. Nine months later, the patient returned to our hospital with a relapse of P. vivax malaria. The malaria episode was uncomplicated and the patient recovered rapidly. Three months later, the patient came back again to our hospital with a third episode of P. vivax malaria. Following a rapid hemodynamic deterioration, the patient was transferred to the intensive care unit of the hospital. In all the patient received 10 liters of filling solution to manage the septic shock. After 5 days of hospitalization and a specific treatment, the patient was discharged in good clinical conditions. Conclusion: Clinicians should be aware of the potential severe complications associated with P. vivax in imported malaria, even though the primary infection is uncomplicated.

Download Full-text