scholarly journals PERKAWINAN CAMPURAN DI INDONESIA DITINJAU BERDASARKAN SEJARAH HUKUM, PERIODE 1848-1990

2009 ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Tiurma Magihut Pitta Allagan
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Mixed Marriage ◽  
Marriage Law ◽  
Mixed Marriages ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Mixed Groups

AbstrakMixed marriage has been long time done in Indonesia is includedinternational mixed, inter regional mixed, inter local mixed, inter group andinter religious mixed marriage. Registration through international mixedmarriage could be done, but to inter religious one is questioning. This articleexamines the history and maturity of mixed marriages, especiallyinternational marriages and mixed marriages between religions, as well asimplementation and expansion. In the advance of mixed marriages inIndonesia has undergone a change. Mixed marriages are based GHR (priorDutch Mixed Marriage Law in Indonesia) broader scope than mixedmarriages according to Law No.1 of 1974. Mixed marriages in the GHR notonly includes a mixed marriage between citizens, but also a mixed marriagebetween regions (inter-regional), inter-mixed marriage where the (interlocal),inter-marriage mixed marriage mixed groups and inter-religious.Mixed marriage in the Act No.1 of 1974 only covers a mixed marriagebetween citizens of the state

scholarly journals KEDUDUKAN PERKAWINAN BEDA AGAMA DAN PERKAWINAN CAMPURAN DI INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Mariani Mariani
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Marriage Law ◽  
Mixed Marriages ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Marriage Laws ◽  
Religious Differences

There are two categories of mixed marriages in Indonesia, namely mixed marriages between religions / different religions and mixed marriages across countries / different nationalities. This research method using descriptive-analytical method. The conclusions are: Mixed marriages carried out in Indonesia refer to the applicable marriage laws in Indonesia. In order to carry out mixed marriages between Indonesian citizens and citizens of other countries, in general the requirements for marriage as regulated in the marriage law must first be met; Mixed marriages across countries, namely marriages made by Indonesian citizens with foreign citizens are allowed and legalized / recognized by the State, as long as all the terms and conditions regulated by the laws of the respective countries of origin of the bride and groom are fulfilled and there is no prohibition for both of them to carry out wedding; and Islamic Law and Indonesian Positive Law allow marriage between two people of different nationalities, but prohibit mixed marriages due to religious differences and do not obtain legal legality.

scholarly journals PERKAWINAN CAMPURAN DALAM KAJIAN PERKEMBANGAN HUKUM: ANTARA PERKAWINAN BEDA AGAMA DAN PERKAWINAN BEDA KEWARGANEGARAAN DI INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
M. Nur Kholis Al Amin
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Mixed Marriage ◽  
Marriage Law ◽  
Legal Study ◽  
Mixed Marriages ◽  
Religious Differences

Marriage in the Islamic legal study in Indonesia introduces a discussion of mixed marriages. In the understanding of classical fiqh, when dealing with the term of mixed marriage, the paradigm will lead to the understanding of different religion marriage. However, along with the development and the increasingly existing Islamic law in Indonesia based on the theory of legal existence, mixed marriage is not only limited to a marriage due to religious differences, but there is also a marriage due to citizenship differences as defined in the Marriage Law.[Perkawinan dalam kajian studi hukum Islam di Indonesia memperkenalkan pembahasan tentang perkawinan campuran. Dalam pemahaman fikih klasik apabila berhadapan dengan term perkawinan campuran maka paradigmanya akan mengantarkan pada pemahaman perkawinan beda agama. Namun, seiring dengan perkembangan dan semakin eksisnya hukum Islam di Indonesia dengan berdasarkan teori eksistensi hukum, maka perkawinan campuran tidak hanya sebatas pada perkawinan karena perbedaan agama saja, melainkan terdapat pula perkawinan karena perbedaan kewarganegaraan sebagaimana yang dirumuskan dalam Undang-Undang Perkawinan.]

Formation of the research tradition of studying the institute Parliamentarism as a mechanism for the establishment of democracy

2017 ◽  
pp. 187-198
Author(s):  
Akil Ibrahim Al-Zuhari
Keyword(s):  
Balance Of Power ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
The State ◽  
Executive Power ◽  
Research Tradition ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The People ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Government ◽  
Parliamentary Regimes

The article defines the features of the process of forming the research tradition of studying the institute of parliamentarism as a mechanism for the formation of democracy. It is established that parliamentarism acts as one of the varieties of the regime of functioning of the state, to which the independence of the representative body from the people is inherent, its actual primacy in the state mechanism, the division of functions between the legislative and executive branches of government, the responsibility and accountability of the government to the parliament. It is justified that, in addition to the regime that fully meets the stated requirements of classical parliamentarism, there are regimes that can be characterized as limited parliamentary regimes. The conclusions point out that parliamentarism does not necessarily lead to a democracy regime. At the first stage of development of statehood, it functions for a long time in the absence of many attributes of democracy, but at the present stage, without parliamentarism, democracy will be substantially limited. Modern researchers of parliamentarism recognize that this institution is undergoing changes with the development of the processes of democracy and democratization. This is what produces different approaches to its definition. However, most scientists under classical parliamentarianism understand such a system, which is based on the balance of power. This approach seeks to justify limiting the rights of parliament and strengthening executive power. Keywords: Parliamentarism, research strategy, theory of parliamentarism, types of parliamentarism

scholarly journals Adaptive quantum state tomography with neural networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yihui Quek ◽  
Stanislav Fort ◽  
Hui Khoon Ng
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Quantum State ◽  
The State ◽  
Learning To Learn ◽  
Seamless Integration ◽  
Quantum State Tomography ◽  
Flexible Machine ◽  
Meta Learning ◽  
Long Time ◽  
State Tomography

AbstractCurrent algorithms for quantum state tomography (QST) are costly both on the experimental front, requiring measurement of many copies of the state, and on the classical computational front, needing a long time to analyze the gathered data. Here, we introduce neural adaptive quantum state tomography (NAQT), a fast, flexible machine-learning-based algorithm for QST that adapts measurements and provides orders of magnitude faster processing while retaining state-of-the-art reconstruction accuracy. As in other adaptive QST schemes, measurement adaptation makes use of the information gathered from previous measured copies of the state to perform a targeted sensing of the next copy, maximizing the information gathered from that next copy. Our NAQT approach allows for a rapid and seamless integration of measurement adaptation and statistical inference, using a neural-network replacement of the standard Bayes’ update, to obtain the best estimate of the state. Our algorithm, which falls into the machine learning subfield of “meta-learning” (in effect “learning to learn” about quantum states), does not require any ansatz about the form of the state to be estimated. Despite this generality, it can be retrained within hours on a single laptop for a two-qubit situation, which suggests a feasible time-cost when extended to larger systems and potential speed-ups if provided with additional structure, such as a state ansatz.

Soviet Specialist Baiting: The Case of N. A. Dobrosmyslov

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-22
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Competence ◽  
The State ◽  
Archival Research ◽  
High Salary ◽  
Soviet State ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Government ◽  
Continued Employment ◽  
The Revolution

AbstractFor many communists working in the Soviet state apparatus during the 1920s, the state's continued employment of so-called “bourgeois specialists” (spetsy) was an ideological affront and an obstacle to proletarian advancement. In their eyes, until the spetsy were removed and workers staffed the institutions of the state, the revolution would be neither secure nor its promises fulfilled. Based on archival research, this article traces rank-and-file communists' attempts to remove one such specialist, N. A. Dobrosmyslov, from his position in the Tax Department (Gosnalog) of the People's Commissariat of Finances (Narkomfin). Dobrosmyslov had been a long-time official in the tsarist tax bureaucracy and had also worked for the Provisional Government in 1917. Communist opposition to him took the form of a denunciation campaign that focused on his alleged anti-Sovietism, his professional competence, his arrogant manner, his high salary, and his attempt to obtain a large pension from the government. The documents related to the case reveal the atmosphere of suspicion and often open hostility that surrounded the spetsy. They provide evidence of the contrasting evaluations of the spetsy made by leading communist administrators and by the lower-level communists who worked closely with them. They also show how important the issue of material compensation was for this latter group. Finally, the case provides an example of how biography could be interpreted and manipulated to serve particular ends, especially in the context of political and personal denunciation.

scholarly journals The Role of Education in Socio-cultural Development of the Yakut Region in the Second Half of XIX – Early XX Centuries

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
Agrafena Innokentyevna Makarova
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Long Time ◽  
State Educational

Based on archival documents and previously pub-lished materials, an attempt is made to show the role of the pre-revolutionary education system in the socio-cultural development of the Yakut region. Si-beria was a place of exile for a long time and the state was in no hurry to develop education here. But the liberal reforms of 1860–1870 created the prereq-uisites for the development of the education system. The paper shows the formation and development of educational institutions in the region, provides in-formation on the number of schools and the number of students. The role of political exiles in raising the general cultural level of the local population is also revealed. The author comes to the conclusion that in the Yakut region, thanks to the state educational policy on education of foreign suburbs and public initiative, primary and then secondary educational institutions begin to open, which have had a signifi-cant impact on the socio-cultural life of the region.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KOMUNIKASI ANTAR BUDAYA DALAM KELUARGA KAWIN CAMPUR TERHADAP POLA MENDIDIK ANAK DI KOMPLEK SETIA BUDI INDAH

PERSPEKTIF ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rehia K.I.Barus Irfan Simatupang Friska Rizki Noviyanti
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
Mixed Marriage ◽  
World Religion ◽  
Eastern Culture ◽  
Mixed Marriages ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic

Mix marriage as regulated in Article 57 Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning marriage that is committed by a couple with different nationality. The Nationality of the Republic of Indonesia in Law Number 12 of 2006, is explained that children as the result of mix marriage can have double nationalities but limited. The process of communication that is using in the mixing marriage is the process of intercultural communication. In establishment of an interpersonal communication between eastern culture and western culture. This communication takes place not just for a day or two, but takes place during the stay of foreign citizens and citizens relations with in Indonesia. The patterns of children's education is one of the problems that often occur in mixed marriages. Most of the mixing marriage used the foreign pattern of their child's education. This is because foreigners want their children get an education equivalent to the education of the country of origin may be obtained. The results showed that the process of intercultural communication can be well-established and effective among the four mixed marriage couples. Overall informants seeks to honor and respect for cultural differences in their marriage.They tried to blend and merge with the cultur of their partner.Changes in view of the world (religion,values,and behaviors) on minorities and chose to follow the beliefs of the dominant partner.

scholarly journals Estimation of a functional condition of a fetus at pregnancy and in delivery

2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-115
Author(s):  
I. Y. Kogan ◽  
А. A. Poljanin ◽  
N. G. Pavlova
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Fetal Heart ◽  
Functional Condition ◽  
The State ◽  
Heart Sounds ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Long Time ◽  
First Time

The lecture provides information on approaches to the assessment of fetal cardiotocography during pregnancy and childbirth. Assessment of the functional state of the fetus during pregnancy and childbirth remains one of the most difficult tasks of perinatology and obstetrics. The question of the state of the intrauterine fetus has been of interest to obstetricians for a long time. For the first time, the possibility of auscultation of fetal heart sounds was reported in 1818.

scholarly journals Импортозамещение в отечественном сельхозмашиностроении как фактор повышения конкурентоспособности отрасли

2019 ◽  
pp. 67-88
Author(s):  
Наталья Коваленко ◽  
Андрей Чекунов
Keyword(s):  
Import Substitution ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
State Support ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Agricultural Equipment ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Effective Development

Статья посвящена анализу и оценке мер государственной поддержки импортозамещения в национальном сельхозмашиностроении. Рассматриваются ход и результаты государственной поддержки импортозамещения в отрасли, недостатки, эффективность. Предложены шаги, способные повысить эффективность государственной поддержки импортозамещения в сельхозмашиностроении Российской Феде-рации. Effective development of domestic agricultural engineering ensures the achievement of high production volumes of agri-food products. To improve the national production of agricultural machinery, the leading countries of the world provide state support to their pro-ducers. At the same time, these countries stimulate the development of the industry in order to dominate their producers in the domestic market, and to expand into the markets of foreign countries. For a long time, Russia has been the object of widespread expansion by foreign manufacturers of agricultural equipment. At the same time, under the conditions of economic sanctions, dependence on im-ported agricultural equipment limits the development of the domes-tic agro-industrial complex. Significantly reduce dependence on foreign supplies of agricultural equipment and ensure the competi-tiveness of domes- tic products should be implemented in the indus-try's current policy of import substitution. The purpose of the article is to analyze the implementation of the policy of import substitution in domes-tic agricultural machinery and assess its impact on the development of the industry. Government sup-port has a significant impact on the development of the industry, which is confirmed by statistical data and materials of market participants. Analysis of the literature and regulatory acts showed that the state financial support for the industry is carried out in 4 areas: industrial, technological, marketing and personnel. The effectiveness of state support is determined by the state of the industry, the situation on the domestic market of agricultural equipment and the achievement of support goals. To date, govern-ment support measures for import substitution in the industry have not ensured its stable development and increased competitiveness of the products produced. The authors analyzed the implementation of the state policy of import substitution in the domestic agricultural machinery in the framework of the relevant sectoral plan. Based on the analysis, a conclusion was made about the need to improve measures of state support for the industry.

PROBLEMATIKA HUKUM PERKAWINAN CAMPURAN BERDASARKAN KASUS PERNIKAHAN JESSICA ISKANDAR DENGAN LUDWIG FRANS WILLIBALD DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PERDATA INTERNASIONAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Rosa Kisworo , ◽  
Dona Budi Kharisma ,
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Marriage ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Mixed Marriages ◽  
Legal Problems ◽  
Husband And Wife

<p>Abstract<br />This article examines the legal problems of mixed marriages, this is set out in Law No. 1 of 1974 on <br />Marriage in chapters 57-62. But beforehand concerning this mixed marriage has been set in Regeling op <br />de Gemenvie Huwelijeken Stb. No. 1898. 158 which is famous for its GHR abbreviation. This research <br />includes normative legal research with legislation approach and case approach. The results of the study <br />found an indicator of legal problems between husband and wife that arise because of the marriage <br />between them. So there are important things to consider if there is a foreigner or non Indonesian citizen <br />who will perform a mixed marriage with an Indonesian citizen, should have to know about legal problems <br />later if a husband or wife of an Indonesian citizen.<br />Keywords: Mixed Marriage; Legal Problems; Foreign.</p><p>Abstrak<br />Artikel ini mengkaji mengenai problematika hukum mengenai perkawinan campuran, hal ini di atur dalam <br />Undang-Undang nomor 1 tahun 1974 Tentang Perkawinan dalam pasal 57-62. Namun sebelumnya <br />mengenai perjkawinan campuran ini telah di atur dalam Regeling op de Gemenvie Huwelijeken Stb. <br />1898 No. 158 yang terkenal dengan singkatan GHR. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian hukum normatif <br />dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Hasil penelitian menemukan indikator <br />problematika hukum antara suami-istri yang timbul karena adanya perkawinan antara mereka. Sehingga <br />ada hal-hal penting yang perlu diperhatikan apabila ada seorang asing atau bukan warga warga negara <br />Indonesia  yang  akan  melakukan  perkawinan  campuran  dengan  seorang  warga  negara  Indonesia, <br />hendaknya sudah harus mengetahui mengenai problematika hukum nanti apabila menjadi suami atau <br />isteri dari seorang warga negara Indonesia. <br />Kata kunci: Perkawinan Campuran; Problematika Hukum; Asing.</p>

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