scholarly journals 25. Effect of Maintenance Temperature and Shelf Life of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Fillet Stored in Temperature -20 C on Total Count Bacteria

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurdiani Muliana Sitakar ◽  
Nurliana N ◽  
Faisal Jamin ◽  
Mahdi Abrar ◽  
Zakiah Heryawati Manaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Fish Flesh ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Normal Standard ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

This study aims to determine the effect of storage time on the total number of bacteria in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) flesh stored at a temperature of 20 C and at different retention time. This study used split plot completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 treatment maintenance temperature of 29 C and 35 C. Experimental animals used were 30 nile tilapia fish grouped into five storage group namely 0 (P0), 7 (P1), 14 (P2), 21 (P3), and 28 (P4) days. The results showed that total number of bacteria found in fish flesh was higher than normal standard based on ISO 7388:2009 which was 5x105 cfu/g. The average of total numbers of bacteria in flesh of nile tilapia fish reared in 29 C on P0, PI, PII, PIII, and PIV were 6.55±0.19, 6.99±0.07, 6.96±0.08, 6.96±0.28, and 7.18±0.15, respectively. While the average of total numbers of bacteria in flesh of nile tilapia fish maintained in temperature of 35 C were 6.68 ± 0.10, 7.00±0.05, 7.19±0.12, 7.24±0.12, and 7.35±0.09, respectively. Total number of bacteria in nile tilapia flesh was affect significantly (P0.05) by temperature and storage temperature maintenance. In conclusion, storage time and different tempera ure maintenance of nile tilapia can increase total amount of bacteria on fish flesh.

scholarly journals Effect of size heterogeneity of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) on the optimal harvest time: a bioeconomics approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Patricia Borrego Kim ◽  
Mariel Gullian Klanian ◽  
Juan Carlos Seijo
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Market Size ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Size Heterogeneity ◽  
Size Dispersion

A critical problem in the production of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus in intensive and hyper-intensive systems is the heterogeneity of body sizes as it influences the final production and economic yield. The objective of this study was to calculate the bioeconomic effect of size heterogeneity on the production of Nile tilapia at a commercial level and to determine the optimum harvest time (OHT) considering four minimum marketable sizes target (Mms = 350, 400, 450, 500 g). Two seeding strategies were evaluated: homogeneous seeding (HM) with a 96.55 ± 24.51 g initial body weight and heterogeneous seeding (HT) with a 100.17 ± 5.91 g initial weight. Fish from both treatments were stocked at 40 fish m-3 in triplicate using a randomized design. The calculated quasi-profits of variable costs showed an inversely proportional relationship with the minimum market size in both groups. The smaller size dispersion in HM generated higher profits than HT. The OHT for Mms [350, 500 g] of HM population was 180 days, with a mode of 641 g. The OHT was also 180 days for the HT population but only for the Mms [350, 400 g] and a mode of 578 g. In terms of quasi-profits, the HM produced 19.93% more quasi-profit than the HT in the market size of 350 g at 180 days (HM = 0.50 US$ kg-1; HT = 0.44 US$ kg-1). The simple bioeconomic model presented here can help producers manage a series of economic decisions associated with OHT, when targeting different market segments requiring different Mms.

scholarly journals Pemberian Tepung Limbah Udang Yang Difermentasi Dalam Ransum Pakan Buatan Terhadap Laju Pertumbuhan, Rasio Konversi Pakan Dan Kelangsungan Hidup Benih Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) [The Given Fermentation The Prawn Waste Flour In Artificial Feed On Growth, Feed Convertion Ratio And Survival Rate Of Black Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) ]

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Agustono, Muhammad Hadi, Yudi Cahyoko
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
The Given ◽  
Range Test ◽  
Prawn Waste

AbstractThe aim of this research was to find out optimum percentage of given fermentation the prawn waste flour in artificial feed on growth of black nile tilapia. The treatment of this research was giving fermentation the prawn waste flour in artificial feed i.e. 0%, 2,5%, 5%, 7,5%, 10%. Each treatment was repeated 4 times. Feed compositon was made of isoprotein. Fishes weight were about 6.1 – 6.8 g. Fishes were cultured with stocking rate 3 fish per 20 liter water and the fishes were reared for 40 days. Feed amount that consumed by fishes was measured every day to calculate feed conversion ratio. The calculation of fishes amount was done in beginning and end of research to count survival rate of fishes. Water quality was measured on beginning, middle and end of research. The design of this research was Completely Randomized Design. Data analysis used Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to know the effect of the treatment and that difference among the treatment used Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The result of the research showed that the highest growrth rate were attained on feed containing 10% of fermented prawn waste flour. The best feed convertion ratio were attained on feed containing 10% of fermented prawn waste flour.

scholarly journals Masculinization of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by administration of bull testes meal

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Muslim Muslim ◽  
M. Zairin Junior ◽  
Nur Bambang Priyo Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Group Survival ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The synthetic steroid 17α-Methyltestosteron (MT) is commonly used as a feed additive to produce male population of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The use of synthetic testosterone hormone is not recommended in Indonesia. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of natural testosterone hormone in bull testes meal (BTM) on the masculinization of Nile tilapia using validated aceto carmine squash method of gonads of the fish. Experimental design was utilized two factors experiments in completely randomized design. Fry kept in 40-L glass aquaria at a density of 40 fry/aquarium. Fry (7 dph) received the BTM  for 7 days (T1), 14 days (T2) and 21 days (T3) and doses 0% (D1), 3% (D2), 6% (D3), and 9% (D4).  When treatment was these results, indicated that significant (P≥0.05) masculinization occurred only in the group treated of BTM and no treated of BTM. In the group treated of BTM, doses and duration treatment is not significant. The percentage of male fish 83.3% (9%-7d, 9%-21d, 6%-21d: doses and duration, respectively), higher than all group. Survival rate of fry (95-99.5%) is not affected by treatment BTM (no significant P≥0.05). Fish growth was significantly affected by treatment BTM compare with no treated of BTM. The highest growth performance of fry were obtained with the 9% BTM.Key words: masculinization, nile tilapia, bull testes meal ABSTRAKSteroid sintetik 17α-Methyltestosteron (MT) umumnya digunakan sebagai aditif pakan untuk menghasilkan populasi ikan nila jantan (Oreochromis niloticus). Penggunaan hormon testosteron sintetis tidak dianjurkan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh hormon testosteron alami dalam makanan testis banteng (BTM) pada maskulinisasi ikan nila menggunakan metode divalidasi aceto carmine squash, dari gonad ikan. Desain eksperimental dimanfaatkan dua eksperimen faktor dalam desain benar-benar acak. Fry disimpan dalam 40-L akuarium kaca pada kepadatan 40 fry/akuarium. Fry (7 DPH) menerima BTM selama 7 hari (T1), 14 hari (T2) dan 21 hari (T3) dan dosis 0% (D1), 3% (D2), 6% (D3), dan 9% (D4). Ketika pengobatan hasil ini, menunjukkan signifikan (P ≥ 0,05) hanya terjadi maskulinisasi pada kelompok perlakuan dari BTM dan tidak diperlakukan BTM. Pada kelompok diobati BTM, dosis dan durasi pengobatan tidak signifikan. Persentase ikan jantan 83,3% (9%-7d, 9%-21d, 6%-21d: dosis dan durasi, masing-masing), lebih tinggi dari kelompok semua. Tingkat kelangsungan hidup benih (95-99,5%) tidak dipengaruhi oleh pengobatan BTM (tidak ada P yang signifikan ≥ 0,05). Pertumbuhan ikan secara signifikan dipengaruhi oleh BTM pengobatan dibandingkan dengan tidak diobati BTM. Kinerja pertumbuhan tertinggi fry diperoleh dengan BTM 9%.Kata kunci: maskulinisasi, ikan nila, tepung testis sapi 

scholarly journals UTILIZATION OF TOFU AND TAPIOCA INDUSTRIAL LIQUID WASTE FOR NILE TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus) CULTURE WITHIN DIFFERENT BIOFLOC SYSTEMS

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 763
Author(s):  
Suryo Kunindar ◽  
Eko Efendi ◽  
Supono Supono
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Daily Growth Rate ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Absolute Growth ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Culture Container

Liquid waste produced by tofu and tapioca industry was approximately 1,5-2 m3 and 4-6 m3 per day respectively. Tapioca liquid waste has concentration of carbon around 119,11 mg/l, while tofu liquid waste has around 133,03 mg/l of nitrogen in concentration. Therefore both of these waste have the potential to be used as biofloc that utilized as additional feed with high protein content for nile tilapia. The aim of this research was to know interaction between C/N ratio and place of biofloc production to the growth of nile tilapia. This research used completely randomized design based on factorial experiment which consisted of two level of each factor and three repetition. Level of C/N ratio were 15 and 20 whereas level of place of biofloc production were inside and outside fish culture container. The result of this research showed that interaction between place of biofloc production and C/N ratio affected the growth of nile tilapia. The treatment inside biofloc production with 20 C/N ratio gave provided the highest absolute growth (3,26 g) and daily growth rate (0,082 g per day).

scholarly journals The effect of ethanol extracts concentration of mengkudu fruit (Morinda citrifolia) and storage time toward Euthynnus affinis meat quality

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
VENERANDA SONYA AYU ◽  
ESTU RETNANINGTYAS NUGRAHENI ◽  
TJAHJADI PURWOKO
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Euthynnus Affinis ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

Ayu VS, Nugraheni ER, Purwoko T. 2010. The effect of ethanol extracts concentration of mengkudu fruit (Morinda citrifolia) and storage time toward Euthynnus affinis meat quality. Biofarmasi 8: 58-65. High protein content in fish and the storage in a relatively short time will encourage the growth of bacteria. Therefore, the preservation techniques are required to expand the fish store. The use of formalin as a preservative substance, especially for fish, can damage to health, so it is necessary to find out the preservative substance as an alternative to substitute formalin. Mengkudu fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) contains compounds that have an antibacterial activity, such as alkaloids and flavonoids. The purposes of this study were to determine the effect of ethanol extract concentration of mengkudu fruit and the storage time on the number of bacteria in Euthynnus affinis meat, and the concentration which have the same activity with formalin in inhibiting the number of bacteria in E. affinis meat. This research used a completely randomized design. The tested sample was Euthynnus affinis meat that soaked in ethanol extract of mengkudu fruit with concentrations between 10-100%. Every four hours, the TPC test, the water content, pH value and temperature of samples were measured. The results of observation were analyzed by ANOVA, further the results that significantly different were followed by a DMRT test with 95% confidence level. Based on the statistical analysis, the concentration of ethanol extract of mengkudu fruit and the storage time were significantly (p<0.05) in inhibiting the number of bacteria in Euthynnus affinis meat. The concentrations of extracts 80%, 90% and 100% had almost same activity to formalin in inhibiting the number of bacteria in Euthynnus affinis meat.

scholarly journals Profitability of Using Commercial Tilapia Feed to Produce Three Different Sizes of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) Fingerlings in Ghana

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
F. A. Anani ◽  
E. Agbeko ◽  
P. D. K. Atsakpo ◽  
M. Johnson-Ashun ◽  
L. K. Osei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Fine Mesh ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Individual Body

Aims: To determine the profitability of using a commercial tilapia feed to produce three different size ranges (1.0-1.9, 2.0-2.9 and 5.0-5.9 g) of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings in hapa-in-pond system. Study Design: Completely randomized design. Place and Duration of Study: The Aquaculture Research and Development Centre (ARDEC), Akosombo, of Water Research Institute (WRI) of Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Ghana, from March to May, 2020. Methodology: Fish growth study was carried out in three (3) fine mesh netting hapas, each of dimensions 5.0 x 2.0 x 1.2 m. Nile tilapia fry at initial mean weight 0.03 ± 0.01 g were stocked at a density of 50 fish m-2 and they were fed at 20 % body weight five times daily. The feeding of the fish continued until those in all the 3 hapas attained a mean weight of at least 5.0 g. Then the experiment was terminated and all the survived fish in each hapa were harvested, counted, and their individual body weights were measured. Growth performance indicators and profitability of producing the various size categories (1.0-1.9, 2.0-2.9 and 5.0-5.9) were determined. Results: The fry attained the target size ranges of 1.0-1.9, 2.0-2.9 and 5.0-5.9 g in 4, 6 and 9 weeks respectively. There were significant differences (ANOVA, P = 0.03) among final mean weights, weight gains, feed intakes, daily weight gains, feed efficiencies and harvested biomass among all size ranges, with those of 5.0-5.9 g being significantly higher (Tukey’s HSDT, P < 0.02). Sizes of fingerlings produced correlate positively with cost of feed used. The profit indices ranged from 2.57 to 10.22, with the highest recorded in the 1.0-1.9 g fingerlings and the least in those of 5.0-5.9 g. Conclusion: The results indicated that, at the current Nile tilapia fingerlings cost and the time taken to produce the various size categories, the 1.0-1.9 g production is the most profitable.

scholarly journals PEMBERIAN PAKAN KOMERSIL DENGAN PENAMBAHAN PROBIOTIK YANG MENGANDUNG Lactobacillus sp. TERHADAP KECERNAAN DAN PERTUMBUHAN IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) (THE ADDITION OF PROBIOTICS CONTAINING Lactobacillus Sp. IN THE COMMERCIAL ON DIGESTIBILITY AND GROWTH OF NILE TILAPIA (OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Sri Ramadhana ◽  
Noor Arida Fauzana ◽  
Pahmi Ansyari
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Length Growth ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek pemberian probiotik yang mengandung Lactobacillus sp. dalam pakan komersial terhadap kualitas pakan, meningkatkan jumlah bakteri dalam mukosa usus dan kecernaan ikan melalui pemberian pakan probiotik yang ramah lingkungan, mengetahui dosis efektif probiotik dalam pakan yang dapat menunjang pertumbuhan ikan nila (Oreocromis niloticus). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama 6 (enam) bulan, mulai bulan September 2012 sampai Februari 2013. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 4 (Empat) perlakuan dan 3 (Tiga) ulangan, yaitu perlakuan A (Kontrol), B (Probiotik 3%), C (Probiotik 5%) dan D (Probiotik 7%).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pakan dengan penambahan probiotik yang mengandung Lactobacillus sp. menggunakan dosis sebesar 3%, 5% dan 7% mampu meningkatkan kandungan gizi, pakan, dengan nilai protein antara 32,48%-34,19% dan menurunkan serat kasar dengan nilai antara 5,04%-5,70% dibandingkan tanpa pemberian probiotik. Pemberian probiotik dalam pakan dengan persentase 3%, 5%, dan 7% dapat meningkatkan kecernaan ikan nila pakan efektif untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan berat dan panjang ikan nila.The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of probiotics in commercial feed on feed quality, enhance increase bactery number in gut mucose and digestibility of nile tilapia (Oreocromis niloticus) through the provision of environmental friendly probiotic feed, determine  the effective doses of probiotics infeed that can support the growth fish. The research was conducted for 6 (six) months, from September 2012 until February 2013. The design used in this study was completely randomized design with 4 (four) treatments and 3 (three) replicates, were treatment A (control), B (Probiotics 3%), C (Probiotics 5%) and D (Probiotic 7%).The results showed that the addition of probiotic containing Lactobacillus sp. feeding with doses of 3%, 5% and 7% were able to improve the nutritional content, protein values between 32,48%-34,19% and lower crude fiber with values between 5,04-5,70% compared with no probiotics. The addition of probiotics in feed with a percentage of 3%, 5%, and 7% can increase digestibility of nile tilapia and effective to increase the nile weight and length growth of nile tilapia.

scholarly journals PENANGANAN IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) HIDUP DENGAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ES SEBAGAI PENGAWET

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Mafrian Kris Maraja ◽  
Netty Salindeho ◽  
Jenki Pongoh
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Cold Chain ◽  
Optimum Time ◽  
Live Fish ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Storage

Imotilization of fish is one way of handling techniques by using low temperature (cooling). Cooling (cold chain) is applied to transport live fish so that the weight of the load during transportation could be reduced and fish do not experience stress during transportation. This technique is more advantageous when compared with the wet transportation system by using water. After the fish fainted, fish could be re-awakened by returning the fish to the pond with the aid of sufficient aeration to facilitate fish regain consciousness. This study aims to determine the rate of stunning, the speed of awareness, and mortality of nile tilapia fish which was treated and stored at different temperatures and times. This study used a factorial completely randomized design (RAL) with 2 treatments namely, storage method (A) treatment consisting of 2 storage levels (Temperature 10-12 ° C and 14-16 ° C); and storage time (B) consisting of 4 levels (2, 4, 6 and 8 hours). The optimum time of fainting fish is at a temperature of 14-16 ° C that is 8.19 min. For re-awakening, the optimum time is 48 seconds when fish was stored for 2 hours. The best mortality rate was achieved at storage temperature ± 14-16 ° C because after 6 hours storage the mortality rate was only 20.8%, but by the maximum storage (8 hours) the mortality has reached 87.5%, Meanwhile at a storage temperature of ± 10-12 ° C, the mortality has reached 50% after 6 hours and 100% at 8 hours.Pemingsanan ikan merupakan salah satu cara teknik penanganan dengan pengunaan suhu rendah (pendinginan). Pemingsanan dengan suhu rendah diaplikasikan untuk transportasi ikan hidup dengan tujuan mengurangi berat beban selama transportasi dan supaya ikan tidak mengalami stress selama transportasi. Teknik ini lebih menguntungkan jika dibandingkan dengan transportasi sistem basah dengan menggunakan air. Setelah dipingsankan ikan kembali disadarkan dengan mengembalikan ikan ke kolam air habitatnya dengan dibantu aerasi yang cukup agar ikan kembali sadar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kecepatan pemingsanan, kecepatan penyadaran, dan mortalitas ikan nila yang dipingsankan dan disimpan pada suhu dan waktu berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan 2 perlakuan yaitu, perlakuan metode penyimpanan (A) yang terdiri atas 2 taraf penyimpanan (Suhu 10–12°C dan 14–16°C); perlakuan lama penyimpanan (B) yang terdiri atas 4 taraf (2, 4, 6 dan 8 jam). Waktu optimum kecepatan pingsan adalah pada suhu 14–16°C yaitu 8,19. Untuk penyadaran kembali, waktu optimumnya adalah 48 detik, pada ikan nili yng disimpan 2 jam. Pada penyimpanan suhu ±14-16°C didapat tingkat mortalitas terbaik karena sampai penyimpanan 6 jam tingkat mortalitasnya hanya 20,8%, namun sampai penyimpanan maksimum ( 8 jam) sudah mencapai 87,5%, sedangkan pada suhu penyimpanan ±10-12°C , setelah 6 jam mortalitasnya sudah mencapai 50% dan saat 8 jam tingkat mortalitasnya sudah mencapai 100%.

scholarly journals Hubungan Kadar Cr dalam Air Tambak terhadap Cr Pada Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus), Ikan Bandeng (Chanos chanos) dan Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) di Kawasan Jabon Sidoarjo

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Ary Andini ◽  
Siti Dzurrotul Ainiyah
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Sample ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Carcinogenic Effect ◽  
Chanos Chanos ◽  
Fish Flesh ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus

Disposal of Lapindo mud into Porong river had caused environmental polluted  which might affect water quality and surrounding especially ponds in Jabon Subdistrict, Sidoarjo city. One of hazardous contaminant that harmful to health was chromium (Cr) metal which had carcinogenic effect. The aim of this study was analyzed Cr levels in  ponds water, Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) flesh, Milkfish (Chanos chanos) flesh, Vaname shrimp  (Litopenaeus vannamei) flesh, and analyzed the correlation of Cr levels ponds water to Cr levels of Nile tilapia, milkfish, Vaname shrimp. Results of study shown that Cr levels of all ponds water sample were <0,0201mg/L which indicated safe to consumed because they were lower than standard of water Cr levels about <0,05 mg/L. Result of Cr levels in Nile tilapia flesh and Milkfish flesh had same Cr levels about <0,0004 mg/kg which indicated safe to consumed because they were lower than standard of Cr levels  fish flesh about <2,5 mg/kg. Shrimp flesh taken from T3 (0,532 mg/kg ) and T5 (0,461 mg/kg) were higher than standard of Cr levels shrimp flesh about 0,4 mg/kg hence need beware to consume. Correlation analyzed of  ponds water Cr levels to  Nile tilapia flesh, Milkfish flesh, Vaname shrimp  flesh Cr levels shown those were not correlation between both of them because P >0,05.                  

scholarly journals Palm oil in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) post-larvae

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. e510101422099
Author(s):  
Luiz Fernando de Souza Alves ◽  
Joana D’Arc Maurício Rocha ◽  
Matheus dos Santos Cardoso ◽  
Jakeline Marcela Azambuja de Freitas ◽  
Aldi Feiden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Different Levels

The objectives of this research were to evaluate the effects of the substitution of soybean oil by palm oil in the diet of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) post-larvae, to observe the performance and attractiveness of the feed, and to evaluate the fatty acid methyl esters profile of palm oil. Four hundred Nile tilapias were used after hatching (seven days old), distributed in 20 fiberglass tanks of 20 L each. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replicates. The treatments consisted of different levels of inclusion of palm oil, which were: 0.0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 %. The concentration of monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids in palm oil was measured, resulting in high amounts of palmitic, oleic and linoleic fatty acids. Significant differences were observed for the variables final weight, total length, weight gain, specific growth rate and condition factor. No significant differences were observed for palatability of the diets. It is concluded that the inclusion of 3% or more palm oil in substitution of soybean oil during the masculinization stage of tilapia larvae contributes to the improvement of productive parameters.

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