Mechanical Properties of API Class C Cement Contaminated with Oil-Based Mud OBM at Elevated Temperatures and Early Curing Time

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nachiket Arbad ◽  
Fernando Rincon ◽  
Catalin Teodoriu ◽  
Mahmood Amani
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Curing Time ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Ambient Room Temperature ◽  
Class C

Abstract The catastrophic events faced by the Oil and Gas industry in the past depict the importance of maintaining the integrity of the well. The cement acts as a crucial barrier throughout the life cycle of the well. The contamination of the cement occurs due to inefficiency in cementing practices and operations. Experimental investigations have been done on the reduction in mechanical properties of different API class cement considering contamination with water-based mud and oil-based mud. This study focuses on analyzing the changes in mechanical properties of API Class C cement on varying the following parameters: OBM contamination (0%, 0.6%, 1.1%, 2.2%, 4.3%) Curing time (4 hrs, 6 hrs, 8 hrs, 1 day, 3 days, 7 days) Temperature (25˚C, 75 ˚C) API recommendations were followed for preparing the cement slurries. The destructive, as well as non-destructive tests were carried out on the cement samples at ambient room temperature to measure the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) for OBM contaminated class C cement slurries. The general trend observed is that the UCS increases with an increase in curing time and temperature. UCS decreases with an increase in OBM contamination. Logarithmic trends were obtained for UCS vs curing time for different contaminations at a given temperature. Exceptions were observed at lower curing times where contaminated samples showed better results than the neat cement slurries. These observations play a critical role in understanding contaminated cement behavior. This widespread work was carried out only on API Class C cement to provide reliable data for future references. The correlations presented in this paper will help operators estimate the deterioration in mechanical properties of Class C cement in the presence of low OBM contamination. Email: [email protected] & [email protected]

Development of Heat Treatment Mode with Quenching in Different Quenching Environments for the Casing Pipe in Order to Obtain the Required Mechanical Properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 836 ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
S.N. Dzhabbarov ◽  
E.I. Pryakhin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Treatment Mode ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Heat Treatment Mode ◽  
Optimal Technology ◽  
Casing Pipe

Development of an optimal technology of heat treatment for blanks of the casing pipe made of steel 40H (GOST 4543) is used in the oil and gas industry for casing. It is accompanied by quenching in various environments to ensure guaranteed obtainment of the required mechanical characteristics. These characteristics are specified in GOST 632-80 and met in order to improve the properties of the 40H steel.

“Has Microelectronic MCM Technology Matured and is it Capable of Servicing the Widespread Needs of Down Well 225°C Operating Applications in the Oil and Gas Industry?”

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (HITEC) ◽  
pp. 000319-000324
Author(s):  
Bob Hunt ◽  
Andy Tooke
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Shock ◽  
Thick Film ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Temperature Cycling ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Gas Industry

This paper reviews development and qualification work performed on 225°C operating temperature modules based on ceramic thick film multi-layer substrates supporting embedded thick film resistors, assembled passive and active components with ‘chip and wire’ connections and sealing in hermetic metal and ceramic cavity packages. It considers aspects of development and importantly investigates product qualification which includes shock and vibration at elevated temperatures as well as thermal shock and temperature cycling. In conclusion there is an attempt to answer the question “Has microelectronic MCM technology matured and is it capable of servicing the widespread needs of down well 225 °C operating applications in the Oil and Gas industry?”

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF ETHYLENE COPOLYMERS WITH VINYL ACETATE ON PROPERTIES OF RUBBER BASED OF BUTADIENE-NITRILE CAOUTCHOUC

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Ivan S. Spiridonov ◽  
Marina S. Illarionova ◽  
Nikolay F. Ushmarin ◽  
Sergei I. Sandalov ◽  
Nikolay I. Kol'tsov
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Standard Samples ◽  
Rubber Mixture ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Technical Products

Rubber-technical products, which are used in the oil and gas industry, must have high thermal and aggressive strength. Rubbers based on butadiene-nitrile caoutchoucs are usually used for these purposes, since they have good operational properties. However, under the influence of elevated temperatures, the resistance of such rubbers to the action of petroleum products is reduced, as a result of which the physico-mechanical characteristics decrease. To improve the operational properties of rubber-technical products, various technological additives are introduced into the rubber mixtures. Such additives can be copolymers of ethylene with vinyl acetate(EVA), which increase the resistance of rubbers to action of high temperatures and aggressive media. This is due to the fact that these copolymers are well combined with butadiene-nitrile caoutchoucs, forming coordination bonds with rubber molecules, which contributes thereby increasing in the elastic-strength and performance properties of rubber. In this connection, the influence of EVA (sevillenes 11104-030, 11808-340 and MarPol 1802), differing in the content of vinyl acetate units, on the rheometric, physico-mechanical and operational properties of the rubber mixture based on butadiene-nitrile rubber in this paper was investigated. The study was carried out to improve the thermo-resistance of rubber used for the manufacture of oil and petrol resistant rubber-technical products for the oil and gas industry. The rubber mixture was prepared on laboratory rolls and standard samples were vulcanized in an electrically heated press. The study of rheometric properties has shown that EVA affect the characteristics of the vulcanization process of a rubber mixture. For vulcanizates, the influence of the content of EVA in a rubber mixture on the physical and mechanical properties was studied: the conditional tensile strength, elongation at break, tear resistance, rebound elasticity, Shore A hardness, relative compression deformation. The effect of the standard liquid ZHR-1 on the change in these properties, as well as the degree of swelling of the vulcanizates after their daily soaking in the standard liquid SZHR-1 and a mixture of isooctane + toluene, was studied. It has been established that vulcanizate of a rubber mixture containing sevilene 11808-340 is characterized by the best physico-mechanical and operational properties.

Safe supervisor competency program (SSCP): a new approach to training and skills development—the behavioural revolution

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 443
Author(s):  
Miranda Taylor ◽  
Bronwyn Struthers
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Safety Leadership ◽  
Constant Change ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas

Although the safety performance of the Australian offshore oil and gas industry is best performing in Australia, evidence shows that it performs lower than the oil and gas industries in other parts of the world. In addition, there has been a huge intake of new and inexperienced workers—often from other Australian industry sectors with worse safety performances—particularly in the high-risk offshore construction sector. This industry has also experienced unprecedented growth in recent times. These challenges, combined with a strong commitment from the industry's CEOs to relentlessly pursue continual improvement, provided a compelling case for change. Everyone, from the frontline to the boardroom, plays a critical role in improving safety performance. A range of CEO-safety leadership programs, including the Common Safety Training Program (CSTP) targeted at new entrants to the oil and gas industry, address safety performance. Supervisors are major leaders in workplaces; they are often selected based on technical skills and experience, not always on their people and leadership skills. Before becoming supervisors, many do not receive any related training and/or development, particularly in the offshore construction sector where high turnover and constant change are typical. The solution was seen to be a standard approach to supervisor competence, commonly recognised by all industry players. The Safe Supervisors Competence Program (SSCP) was launched in early March 2011. SSCP is a new industry initiative focused on safety leadership. The program provides supervisors with the skills and behaviours to ensure the safety of individuals and workplace teams and the ability to influence safe behaviours. This extended abstract addresses the SSCP: The problems that promoted its development. How the industry views it as a key solution to those problems. Its philosophy and approach to learning Its differences compared with other programs. Visual testimonials and footage of its participants. Its future and why it is now with APPEA.

scholarly journals Ni-Based CW6MC: Effect of the Internal Revert Recycle on the Soundness of the Alloy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Gruttadauria ◽  
Silvia Barella ◽  
Anna Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Nickel Based Alloy ◽  
Acidic Environments ◽  
Mechanical Properties And Corrosion

AbstractThe CW6MC alloy is a nickel-based alloy used to withstand acidic environments, especially in the oil and gas industry where it is used in the production of valves, impellers, and pipes. This alloy is the foundry counterpart of the best known A625 for plastic deformation. Regarding nickel-based alloys, a scrap market like that in the case of steel has not yet been established, therefore, especially in the case of foundries, scrap generally comes from internal recycling (casting waste, feeders, sprues, runners, etc.) to be certain of the origin and quality of the material. In this work, four castings with different percentage of recycled content (0%, 30%, 70%, 100%) were produced in accordance with the technical specifications and analysed to evaluate the effect of scrap on the final chemical composition, the microstructure, the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. Following the analyses carried out, it was determined that the amount of acceptable scrap content (of those analysed) without compromising the material properties corresponds to 30%.

scholarly journals The influence of functional ingredients on the physico-mechanical and operational properties of rubbers for water-oil-swelling sealing elements

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Evgeny N. Egorov ◽  
◽  
Nikolay F. Ushmarin ◽  
Sergey I. Sandalov ◽  
Ivan S. Spiridonov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Functional Ingredients ◽  
Sealing Elements

The article investigated the effect of caoutchoucs, sevilen 11808-340, vulcanizing groups, fillers, plasticizers, ingredients of directional actions on the physical and mechanical properties (conditional tensile strength, elongation at break, hardness, rebound elasticity, tear resistance) and operational properties (changes of conditional tensile strength of rubbers after exposure to oil, weight changes after aging of rubbers in a solution of citric and hydrochloric acids, changes in the volume of rubbers after exposure to a mixture of oil and water) of two rubbers. These rubbers are developed for the manufacture of the outer and inner layers of water-oil-swellable sealing elements (WSOE) for the oil and gas industry. It has been established that rubber for the outer layer of WSOE based on butadiene-nitrile BNKS-18AMN, isoprene SKI-3 and butadiene CKD caoutchoucs, as well as rubber for the inner layer of UEN based on butadiene-nitrile BNKS-18AMN, butadiene methylstyrene SKMS-30ARK and butadiene CKD caoutchoucs possess the required physicomechanical and operational properties. It was shown that these rubbers containing a vulcanizing group sulfur + thiazole 2 MBS, sevilen 11808-340, a combination of carbon black T 900 with rosil 175, talc and chalk, petroleum resin “Sibplast”, vermiculite and igloprobivnoe cloth, are characterized by improved physical-mechanical and operational properties. These rubber can be recommended as the basis for the manufacture of outer and inner layers of water-oil-swelling sealing elements.

scholarly journals Influence of technological additive TsD-12 on the properties of heat-aggressive resistant rubber for sealing elements

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 94-97
Author(s):  
Ivan S. Spiridoniv ◽  
◽  
Nikolay F. Ushmarin ◽  
Nadezhda A. Semenova ◽  
Sergey I. Sandalov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Rubber Mixture ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Uniform Dispersion ◽  
Zinc Salts ◽  
Sealing Elements

The article presents the results of a study of the effect of the technological active additive СD-12, which is a combination of zinc salts of fatty acids, on the physical and mechanical properties and resistance to aggressive media of rubber for sealing elements of packer-anchor equipment. The rubber mixture was prepared on the basis of hydrogenated nitrile-butadiene rubber Therban 3406, vulcanizing agent Novoperox BP-40, coagents for vulcanization of zinc monomethacrylate and oligoester acrylates MGF-9 and TGM-3, antioxidants Naugard 445 and agidol-2, fillers of technical carbon P 514 and T 900, filler dispersant stearic acid, rosin softener and other ingredients. To stabilize the physical and mechanical properties of vulcanizates, uniform dispersion of rubber components, reduce viscosity and improve vulcanization properties, a technological additive CD-12 was also introduced into the rubber mixture. The rubber mixture was prepared in a laboratory SKI-3L rubber mixer at a temperature not exceeding 70 °C for 7 min. The resulting mixture was vulcanized on a PV-100-2RT-2-PCD vulcanization press at a temperature of 150 °C for 60 minutes and then further vulcanized in a thermostat at a temperature of 160 °C for 6 hours. For the obtained vulcanizates, the physical and mechanical properties and resistance to the action of aggressive media were determined according to the standards existing in the rubber industry. On the basis of a rubber mixture heat-aggressive persistent sealing elements with a hardness of 70±5 Shore A units were made. These sealing elements as part of two sets of packer-anchor equipment were tested for tightness in a casing string simulator. The tests were carried out in an environment of PMS-200 polymethylsiloxane fluid at a temperature of 150 °C, an axial load of 6 tons and a pressure of 70 MPa. It is shown that both sets of packers have passed the tests and meet the requirements. The developed rubber mixture with a hardness of 70±5 Shore A units, containing the process additive СD-12, can be used for the manufacture of sealing elements for packers used in the oil and gas industry.

A Novel Structural Joint With the Potential of Fire-Tolerance Improvement

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Khonsari ◽  
G. L. England ◽  
A. R. Jamshidi-Vismeh ◽  
N. Fattahian
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Thermal Insulating ◽  
Structural Joint ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
High Energy Dissipation

A new innovative ‘universal’ structural joint with multiple applications was devised. The two major conceived contexts for the use of this joint are ‘joining beams to columns,’ and ‘joining diagonal braces to horizontal ones.’ The main features of this joint are its high rotational capacity, its high shear deformation capacity, its high energy-dissipation capacity, its ability to contain damage, and its repalceability. Due to its geometry, it can well lend itself to protection measures against fire, normally practiced by the involving industries. This makes it a good candidate for being used in structures related to oil and gas industry, offshore or onshore. Through numerical modelling of the joint, also using mechanical properties of ‘mild steel,’ one of the best potential materials for the fabrication of the joint, at elevated temperatures, the ‘bending behaviour’ of the joint at various temperatures was studied. Additionally, the effects of using various thermal insulating materials, used for covering the joint, in reducing the temperature of various parts of the joint were investigated. Though not supported by any experiments, all these numerical analyses showed the potential of this joint for presenting improved behaviour during a fire scenario, as a result of using some insulating agents.

Development of TMCP Type Alloy625/X65 Clad Steel Plate for Pipe

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunichi Tachibana ◽  
Yota Kuronuma ◽  
Tomoyuki Yokota ◽  
Shinji Mitao ◽  
Hitoshi Sueyoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Superior Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Clad Steel

Demand for CRAs (Corrosion Resistant Alloys) clad steel is getting increased for pipeline application of oil and gas industry because of economic advantage over solid CRAs. CRAs clad steel consists of a CRAs layer for corrosion resistance and a carbon steel for mechanical properties. Nickel based Alloy625 is known to be suitable for harsh environmental condition such as high temperature and high pressure H2S (hydrogen sulfide) condition. In this paper, the corrosion resistance of Alloy625/X65 clad steel plate for pipe produced by TMCP (Thermo-Mechanical Control Process) was investigated. TTP (Time - Temperature - Precipitation) and TTS (Time - Temperature - Sensitization) diagram of Alloy625 indicated precipitation nose, e.g. M6C and M23C6 which would cause deterioration of corrosion resistance. TMCP enable Alloy625 to avoid long time exposure to the precipitation nose. In Huey test, the corrosion rate in TMCP was almost the same as that of solution treated Alloy625 and smaller than that in Q-T (Quench and Temper). In ferric chloride pitting test, no pitting was observed in Alloy625 layer of TMCP type clad steel. In addition, the corrosion test simulating service environment using autoclave apparatus was conducted under the condition of 0.39MPa H2S - 0.53MPa CO2 - Cl− solution at 200°C. Alloy625 clad steel produced by TMCP showed neither SSC (Sulfide stress corrosion cracking) nor crevice corrosion. All the mechanical properties of base carbon steel satisfied API 5L grade X65 specification by optimizing TMCP conditions. It is notable that 85% SATT of DWTT was below −10 °C. Thus, Alloy625/X65 clad steel plate for pipe produced by TMCP with both superior corrosion resistance and low temperature toughness has been developed.

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