An unusual Staphylococcus saccharolyticus spondylodiscitis post vertebroplasty, a case report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Charlotte Trojani ◽  
brigitte Lamy ◽  
Raymond Ruimy ◽  
nicolas Amoretti ◽  
Karine Risso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Control Procedure ◽  
Strictly Anaerobic ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Poor Condition ◽  
Microbiological Characteristics ◽  
Health Care Associated Infection ◽  
Timely Treatment ◽  
Infection Control Procedure

Abstract Background: Staphylococcus saccharolyticus is a rarely encountered coagulase-negative slowly grower and strictly anaerobic staphylococcus from the skin. It is usually considered as a contaminant, but some rare reports describe deep-seated infections. Virulence factors remain poorly known although genomic analysis highlight pathogenic potential.Case presentation: we report a case of Staphylococcus saccharolyticus spondylodiscitis that followed kyphoplasty, a procedure associated with a low rate of sometimes severe infectious complication (0.46%) and we reviewed the literature. This case specifically stresses the risk of S. saccharolyticus health-care associated infection in patients of poor condition.Conclusion: infection to S. saccharolyticus is difficult to diagnose due to microbiological characteristics of this bacterium, requires timely treatment and improved infection control procedure should be encouraged for patients with poor condition.

scholarly journals A rare case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia in a newborn with 58 perforations in the small intestine

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Xu ◽  
Danqun Jin ◽  
Huan Ye ◽  
Youfeng Liang
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Systemic Infections ◽  
Emergency Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Timely Treatment

Abstract Background Community-acquired infections of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) occur very rarely. Case presentation P. aeruginos was detected in cultures of venous blood and peritoneal exudate of a newborn with 58 perforations in the small intestine. Intravenous administration of imipenem cilastratin sodium and emergency abdominal surgery were performed. The patient fully recovered and was discharged 17 days after the operation. Conclusions Mild symptoms of systemic infections in newborns may delay the diagnosis. Early detection and timely treatment are the key to improved prognosis.

scholarly journals A Case of Cholangiolocellular Carcinoma Preoperatively Diagnosed With Typical Imaging Findings

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Mochizuki ◽  
Yuji Iimuro ◽  
Osamu Suzuki ◽  
Yoji Nagashima
Keyword(s):  
Preoperative Diagnosis ◽  
Imaging Finding ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Liver Neoplasm ◽  
Preoperative Imaging ◽  
Molecular Entity ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Cholangiolocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Contrast Enhanced

Introduction: Cholangiolocellular carcinoma (CoCC) is a rare primary liver neoplasm. A recent integrative genomic analysis has revealed that CoCC represents a distinct biliary-derived molecular entity. Several cases of CoCC have been reported so far, but accurate preoperative diagnosis was difficult in most cases. Case presentation: We report a case of 70-year-old woman with CoCC. Preoperative imaging findings revealed several typical signs of CoCC (i.e., thick early ring enhancement in the peripheral area of the tumor and its prolongation, vessel penetration through the tumor, no dilatation of the peripheral bile ducts, and dot-/band-like internal enhancement or a target appearance on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging). We strongly suspected CoCC from these preoperative imaging findings of the tumor and performed extended left hepatectomy. Pathologic diagnosis was CoCC, and the histologic findings such as peripheral highly cellular areas, central abundant hyalinized/edematous fibrotic stroma, and retained Glisson's sheath structures in the tumor, corresponded closely to each preoperative imaging finding. Immunohistochemical study revealed the tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin 7 and epithelial membrane antigen. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient is alive without recurrence for 15 months. The prognosis of CoCC is known to be better than that of cholangiocellular carcinoma, indicating the importance of preoperative differential diagnosis of these tumors. Conclusion: Even though preoperative diagnosis of CoCC is difficult because of its rarity, cautious investigation of preoperative typical imaging findings can possibly lead to accurate diagnosis of CoCC.

scholarly journals The Trapezium Dislocation: Case Presentation, Review of the Literature, Radiographic Analysis, Proposed Classification, and Treatment

Hand ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-304
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Harris ◽  
Avi D. Goodman ◽  
Joseph A. Gil ◽  
Neill Li ◽  
Jeremy Raducha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Algorithm ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Radiographic Analysis ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
Classification And Treatment ◽  
Timely Treatment

Background: Trapezium dislocations are rare injuries. Methods: A PubMed search of the term “trapezium dislocation” was conducted. Publications reporting a complete trapezium dislocation were included in the review. Results: The PubMed search resulted in 168 results. Fourteen publications reporting on 16 complete trapezium dislocations met inclusion criteria. A case of delayed diagnosis of a trapezium dislocation is presented. The literature is reviewed for pertinent clinically relevant information with respect to trapezium dislocations. A systematic method for radiographic analysis of trapezium dislocations and classification are described, and a treatment algorithm is presented. Conclusions: Trapezium dislocations are infrequent injuries with few cases reported in the literature. Given the rarity of this injury, diagnosis and appropriate treatment may be delayed due to difficulty in recognition. Using the described method of radiographic analysis, delayed diagnosis may be avoided with implementation of timely treatment.

scholarly journals Prevotella hominis sp. nov., isolated from human faeces

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 4767-4773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Shian Liou ◽  
Chien-Hsun Huang ◽  
Nao Ikeyama ◽  
Ai-Yun Lee ◽  
I-Ching Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Amino Acid Identity ◽  
Strictly Anaerobic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Predominant Bacterium ◽  
Species Specific

A strictly anaerobic predominant bacterium, designated as strain gm001T, was isolated from a freshly voided faecal sample collected from a healthy Taiwanese adult. Cells were Gram-stain-negative rods, non-motile and non-spore-forming. Strain gm001T was identified as a member of the genus Prevotella , and a comparison of 16S rRNA and hsp60 gene sequences revealed sequence similarities of 98.5 and 93.3 %, respectively, demonstrating that it was most closely related to the type strain of Prevotella copri . Phylogenomic tree analysis indicated that the gm001T cluster is an independent lineage of P. copri DSM 18205T. The average nucleotide identity, digital DNA‒DNA hybridization and average amino acid identity values between strain gm001T and P. copri DSM 18205T were 80.9, 28.6 and 83.8 %, respectively, which were clearly lower than the species delineation thresholds. The species-specific genes of this novel species were also identified on the basis of pan-genomic analysis. The predominant menaquinones were MK-11 and MK-12, and the predominant fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, C15 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0. Acetate and succinate were produced from glucose as metabolic end products. Taken together, the results indicate that strain gm001T represents a novel species of the genus Prevotella , for which the name Prevotella hominis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is gm001T (=BCRC 81118T=JCM 33280T).

Carriage of Multiple Subtypes of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusby Intensive Care Unit Patients

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1063-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan S. C. Lim ◽  
Caroline L. Marshall ◽  
Denis Spelman
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Control Procedure ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Single Patient ◽  
Infection Control Procedure ◽  
Over Time

Objective:To determine how consistently patients are colonized with methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) at various sites and how many subtypes can be carried simultaneously by a single patient.Setting.A 28-bed Intensive care unit in a tertiary-care referral hospital.Methods.A total of 1,181 patients were screened by culture of swab specimens obtained from the nose, throat, groin, and axilla on admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), twice weekly during their ICU stay, and at discharge.Results.MRSA was isolated at least once from 224 patients. Of these isolates, 359 were selected from 32 patients to be subtyped using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The rate of compliance with collection of swab specimens was 79.9%. The combination of sites colonized varied frequently over time for many patients. Of patients who had swab specimens obtained twice in 1 day, 8.7% had discordant results from the 2 swab sets. No patient had a clinical isolate that was not of an identical subtype to an isolate from an anatomical site that was sampled for screening. Half the patients carried multiple subtypes during their stay, with up to 4 subtypes per patient.Conclusions.The findings of this study may indicate that these patients have been colonized with MRSA on more than one occasion, possibly because of multiple breaches in infection control procedure. In MRSA-colonized patients, anatomical sites were intermittently colonized and carriage of multiple subtypes was common. These findings indicate that MRSA carriage is not a fixed state but may vary over time.

scholarly journals Comparative Genomic Analysis Reveals a Possible Novel Non-Tuberculous Mycobacterium Species with High Pathogenic Potential

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e0150413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siew Woh Choo ◽  
Avirup Dutta ◽  
Guat Jah Wong ◽  
Wei Yee Wee ◽  
Mia Yang Ang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Comparative Genomic Analysis ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Mycobacterium Species ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
High Pathogenic

scholarly journals Transmission of Synovial Sarcoma from A Single Multiorgan Donor to Three Transplant Recipients: Cases Report and Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Ye Tian ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Ruifang Xu ◽  
Jun Lin
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Sarcoma ◽  
Benign Tumor ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Comprehensive Therapy ◽  
Intrathoracic Tumor ◽  
Anti Tumor Activity ◽  
Timely Treatment

Abstract Background Donor-derived malignancy is sometimes unidentified at the time of transplantation, resulting in unanticipated donor-derived malignancy, which becomes a notable problem since the increasing use of marginal donors. Case presentation We first report three cases of donor-derived synovial sarcoma from a single multiorgan donor in China. The donor was died of respiratory failure caused by an intrathoracic tumor, which was diagnosed as a benign tumor at the time of donation. All of the three recipients developed synovial sarcoma within 3 months to 13 months after transplantation, proven to be donor-derived. Liver transplant recipient died of tumor metastasis. Two kidney transplant recipients survived from metastases by comprehensive therapy, including the first use of Anlotinib, exhibiting an effective anti-tumor activity.Conclusions This report highlights the importance of detailed donor assessment, close follow-up and timely treatment, as well as the need for establishing a post-transplant surveillance system for donor-derived transmission events. Whether to use organs from a donor with initial diagnosis of benign tumor needs to be cautious. Malignant potential of tumors needs to be excluded before transplantation, otherwise, the organs should be discarded.

Anaerostipes hominis sp. nov., a novel butyrate-producing bacteria isolated from faeces of a patient with Crohn's disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Yun Lee ◽  
Woorim Kang ◽  
Na-Ri Shin ◽  
Dong-Wook Hyun ◽  
Pil Soo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Anaerobic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Novel Bacterium

Cultivation and isolation of gut bacteria are necessary for understanding their role in the intestinal ecosystem. We isolated a novel bacterium, designated strain BG01T, from the faeces of a patient with Crohn's disease. Strain BG01T was a strictly anaerobic, rod-shaped, Gram-variable and endospore-forming bacterium. Strain BG01T possessed C12 : 0, C18 : 0 dimethyl aldehyde (DMA) and C18 : 1  ω9c DMA as predominant cellular fatty acids and meso-diaminopimelic acid as a diagnostic diamino acid. Strain BG01T grew at 15–45 °C (optimum, 37 °C), with 0–4 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0–1 %), at pH 6–10 (optimum, pH 7) and was resistant to bile salt, but not to ampicillin, metronidazole, vancomycin and cefoperazone. Butyrate, propionate, oxalacetate and fumarate were produced as fermentation end products from Gifu anaerobic medium broth. Strain BG01T showed 97.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, and 92.0 and 48.5 % of average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values, respectively, with Anaerostipes caccae KCTC 15019T. Genomic analysis indicated that strain BG01T had a butyrate-producing pathway. The genomic G+C content of the strain was 43.5 mol%. Results of the phenotypic, phylogenetic and genotypic analyses indicated that strain BG01T represents a novel butyrate-producing species of the genus Anaerostipes , for which the name Anaerostipes hominis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BG01T (=KCTC 15617T=JCM 32275T).

Pediatric follow-up and treatment of a patient diagnosed with hereditary CD59 deficiency: A case presentation

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-26
Keyword(s):  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Membrane Attack Complex ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
The Complement System ◽  
Timely Treatment

CD59 is a regulatory protein specifically required for the preservation of human neuronal tissue. It is encoded as autosomal recessive. It is expressed in a large number of different tissues, including hematopoietic cells, endothelial cells, neurons, and neuroglia. Endothelial damage regulates the complement system by preventing the formation of the C5b-9 complex, which triggers cytotoxicity and neurodegeneration, and thus the membrane attack complex (MAC). Hereditary CD59 deficiency is a rare disease that occurs in childhood with recurrent hemolytic attacks and neurological symptoms (such as ataxia, stroke, epileptic seizures, speech disorder, loss of motor skills). The only known treatment for the disease, for now, is Eculizumab, a monoclonal antibody that acts by inhibiting the formation of MAC via the C5 complement. Therefore, it is very important that a patient diagnosed with CD59 deficiency receive appropriate doses and timely treatment of Eculizumab in order to avoid relieving serious neurological symptoms and to maintain daily life. This study, it was aimed to clarify the follow-up clinical features of a patient diagnosed with hereditary CD59 deficiency and what needs to be considered in the treatment process.

scholarly journals Genomic Analysis of Bovine Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Milk To Elucidate Diversity and Determine the Distributions of Antimicrobial and Virulence Genes and Their Association with Mastitis

mSystems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohail Naushad ◽  
Diego B. Nobrega ◽  
S. Ali Naqvi ◽  
Herman W. Barkema ◽  
Jeroen De Buck
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Intramammary Infections ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus causes persistent clinical and subclinical bovine intramammary infections (IMI) worldwide. However, there is a lack of comprehensive information regarding genetic diversity, the presence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and virulence genes for S. aureus in bovine milk in Canada. Here, we performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of 119 Canadian bovine milk S. aureus isolates and determined they belonged to 8 sequence types (ST151, ST352, ST351, ST2187, ST2270, ST126, ST133, and ST8), 5 clonal complexes (CC151, CC97, CC126, CC133, and CC8), and 18 distinct Spa types. Pan-, core, and accessory genomes were composed of 6,340, 1,279, and 2,431 genes, respectively. Based on phenotypic screening for AMR, resistance was common against beta-lactams (19% of isolates) and sulfonamides (7% of isolates), whereas resistance against pirlimycin, tetracycline, ceftiofur, and erythromycin and to the combination of penicillin and novobiocin was uncommon (3, 3, 3, 2, and 2% of all isolates, respectively). We also determined distributions of 191 virulence factors (VFs) in 119 S. aureus isolates after classifying them into 5 functional categories (adherence [n = 28], exoenzymes [n = 21], immune evasion [n = 20], iron metabolism [n = 29], and toxins [n = 93]). Additionally, we calculated the pathogenic potential of distinct CCs and STs and determined that CC151 (ST151 and ST351) had the highest pathogenic potential (calculated by subtracting core-VFs from total VFs), followed by CC97 (ST352 and ST2187) and CC126 (ST126 and ST2270), potentially linked to their higher prevalence in bovine IMI worldwide. However, there was no statistically significant link between the presence of VF genes and mastitis. IMPORTANCE Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of bovine intramammary infections, leading to significant economic losses to dairy industry in Canada and worldwide. There is a lack of knowledge regarding genetic diversity, the presence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and virulence genes for S. aureus isolated from bovine milk in Canada. Based on whole-genome sequencing and genomic analysis, we have determined the phylogeny and diversity of S. aureus in bovine milk and concluded that it had a large accessory genome, limited distribution of AMR genes, variable VF gene profiles and sequence types (ST), and clonal complex (CC)-specific pathogenic potentials. Comprehensive information on the population structure, as well as the virulence and resistance characteristics of S. aureus from bovine milk, will allow for source attribution, risk assessment, and improved therapeutic approaches in cattle.

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