scholarly journals Implementing circular economy concept by converting cassava pulp and wastewater to biogas for sustainable production in starch industry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruenrom Lerdlattaporn ◽  
Chantaraporn Phalakornkule ◽  
Sivalee Trakulvichean ◽  
Warinthorn Songkasiri
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Resource Efficiency ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Cassava Pulp ◽  
Starch Industry ◽  
By Products

Abstract An adoption of the circular economy concept to utilize the wastes and by-products in the cassava starch industry to produce the biogas is a high potential option. Thai cassava starch industry generates wastes and by-products, as such the wastewater of 21.00 million m3 y-1 and the cassava pulp of 9.50 million t y-1. This research analyzed the key drivers and challenges to increase the demand of biogas system, increasing the energy security, resource efficiency, and decreasing the environmental problem. Three-scenarios of (1) a factory has no biogas system, (2) a factory produces biogas using wastewater as a raw material, and (3) a factory produces biogas using both wastewater and cassava pulp as raw materials, were analyzed. The economic assessment, resource efficiency, water recovery, land use, and global warming potential were the parameter of comparison. Scenario 3 generated a highest net present value, and a shortest payback period for the 10-year operational period with 6.14 million USD and 4.37 y, respectively. Moreover, scenario 3 had the highest resource efficiency and water recovery with the lowest land (18.90 ha with 500 t starch d-1) use and global warming (144.33 kg CO2eq t-1 starch).

scholarly journals Implementing circular economy concept by converting cassava pulp and wastewater to biogas for sustainable production in starch industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruenrom Lerdlattaporn ◽  
Chantaraporn Phalakornkule ◽  
Sivalee Trakulvichean ◽  
Warinthorn Songkasiri
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Resource Efficiency ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Cassava Pulp ◽  
Starch Industry

AbstractAdoption of the circular economy concept to utilize wastes and by-products from the cassava starch industry for biogas production has been considered a viable option. The annual generation of wastewater and cassava pulp in Thailand is reported to be approximately 21 million m3 and 9.5 Mt, respectively. This research therefore aimed to analyze the key drivers and challenges in implementing the circular economy concept in the cassava starch industry in order to generate higher demand for biogas systems, increase the energy security and resource efficiency, and combat the environmental problems associated with cassava wastes. The following three scenarios were analyzed in this study: (1) a factory without integrated biogas system, (2) a factory with integrated biogas installation using wastewater as a raw material, and (3) a factory with biogas system using both wastewater and cassava pulp as raw materials. The assessment of economic feasibility, resource efficiency, water recovery, land use, and global warming potential was performed to compare different scenarios. This study found that Scenario 3 generated the highest net present value and the shortest payback period of 6.14 million USD and 4.37 yr, respectively, for the 10-yr operational period. Moreover, Scenario 3 had the highest resource efficiency and water recovery with the lowest land use (1.89 × 105 m2 at 5 × 105 kg of starch d− 1) and the lowest global warming potential (0.14 kg CO2eq kg− 1 of starch).

scholarly journals Implementing Circular Economy Concept by Converting Cassava Pulp and Wastewater to Biogas for Sustainable Production in Starch Industry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruenrom Lerdlattaporn ◽  
Chantaraporn Phalakornkule ◽  
Sivalee Trakulvichean ◽  
Warinthorn Songkasiri
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Conservation Of Energy ◽  
Cassava Pulp ◽  
Starch Industry

Abstract This research integrated the circular economy (CE) concept in the cassava starch industry in Thailand, and revealed the benefits of biogas generation from both the wastewater and waste cassava pulp with a focus on the identification and analysis of the key drivers and challenges to increase the efficiency of the biogas system. The research methodology applied the CE concept for scenarios of cassava pulp utilization for biogas production, compared to the no waste treatment and anaerobic wastewater treatment scenarios, in termsof an economic assessment, resource efficiency, water recovery, land use, and global warming potential. Proposed options mainly involved the conservation of energy, water, land use, and reduction of greenhouse gases emissions. These included the reuse and recycling of water and use of biogas to substitute for fuel oil for burners and electricity in the cassava starch production process.

A Plan to Improve Recycled Raw Material Supply in a Production Company of RPET

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-45
Author(s):  
Clara Lopez ◽  
Franz Jäeger ◽  
Karina Ramirez ◽  
Mario Chong
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
The World ◽  
Local Company ◽  
Production Company

The world is facing a problem caused by the management of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) packaging. In the Peruvian context, the studied company is the only local company that has a factory which is able to process post-consumer plastic bottles in order to transform them into recycled resin; this is why it performs a fundamental role. This recycled resin is used for elaborating new packages, generating a circular economy into line with the new global paradigm of switching to a model that seeks to reduce, reuse, and recycle. Finally, it was concluded that the collection center implementation will allow the recycling unit to purchase an average of 76 TN additional annual raw materials. The project would have a cost of US$ 151,383, generating a Net Present Value (NPV) of US$ 144,500 with a 25.9% of Internal Rate of Return (IRR), making it viable in a moderate scenario with a recovery period of five years.

scholarly journals The Potential of Selected Agri-Food Loss and Waste to Contribute to a Circular Economy: Applications in the Food, Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Industries

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 515
Author(s):  
Lady Laura Del Rio Osorio ◽  
Edwin Flórez-López ◽  
Carlos David Grande-Tovar
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Food Loss ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Scarcity Of Resources ◽  
By Products

The food sector includes several large industries such as canned food, pasta, flour, frozen products, and beverages. Those industries transform agricultural raw materials into added-value products. The fruit and vegetable industry is the largest and fastest-growing segment of the world agricultural production market, which commercialize various products such as juices, jams, and dehydrated products, followed by the cereal industry products such as chocolate, beer, and vegetable oils are produced. Similarly, the root and tuber industry produces flours and starches essential for the daily diet due to their high carbohydrate content. However, the processing of these foods generates a large amount of waste several times improperly disposed of in landfills. Due to the increase in the world’s population, the indiscriminate use of natural resources generates waste and food supply limitations due to the scarcity of resources, increasing hunger worldwide. The circular economy offers various tools for raising awareness for the recovery of waste, one of the best alternatives to mitigate the excessive consumption of raw materials and reduce waste. The loss and waste of food as a raw material offers bioactive compounds, enzymes, and nutrients that add value to the food cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. This paper systematically reviewed literature with different food loss and waste by-products as animal feed, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical products that strongly contribute to the paradigm shift to a circular economy. Additionally, this review compiles studies related to the integral recovery of by-products from the processing of fruits, vegetables, tubers, cereals, and legumes from the food industry, with the potential in SARS-CoV-2 disease and bacterial diseases treatment.

scholarly journals Valorisation of Ribes nigrum L. Pomace, an Agri-Food By-Product to Design a New Cosmetic Active

Cosmetics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Hortense Plainfossé ◽  
Manon Trinel ◽  
Grégory Verger-Dubois ◽  
Stéphane Azoulay ◽  
Pauline Burger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Ribes Nigrum ◽  
Cosmetic Ingredients ◽  
In Vitro Bioassays ◽  
By Products

The ethical and ecological concerns of today’s consumers looking for both sustainable and efficient ingredients in finished products, put a lot of pressure on the cosmetic market actors who are being driven to profoundly modify the strategies adopted to innovate in terms of actives while notably being urged to switch from petroleum- to plant-based ingredients. To produce such natural cosmetic ingredients, agri-food by-products are advocated as raw material due to their reduced carbon footprint as they actively contribute to the worldwide improvement of waste management. The process to transform plant waste materials into such powerful and objectified “green” cosmetic actives in compliance with circular economy principles is a long-term integrated process. Such a development is thoroughly exemplified in the present paper through the description of the design of liquid anti-age ingredients based on Ribes nigrum L. extract. This was obtained by maceration of blackcurrant pomace. and the embodiment of this extract following its phytochemical analysis notably by HPLC-DAD-ELSD and its bioguided fractionation using in vitro bioassays.

scholarly journals Brewer’s Spent Grains—Valuable Beer Industry By-Product

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1669
Author(s):  
Mateusz Jackowski ◽  
Łukasz Niedźwiecki ◽  
Kacper Jagiełło ◽  
Oliwia Uchańska ◽  
Anna Trusek
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Beer Industry ◽  
Spent Grains ◽  
Good Material ◽  
By Products ◽  
Global Food

The brewing sector is a significant part of the global food industry. Breweries produce large quantities of wastes, including wastewater and brewer’s spent grains. Currently, upcycling of food industry by-products is one of the principles of the circular economy. The aim of this review is to present possible ways to utilize common solid by-product from the brewing sector. Brewer’s spent grains (BSG) is a good material for sorption and processing into activated carbon. Another way to utilize spent grains is to use them as a fuel in raw form, after hydrothermal carbonization or as a feedstock for anaerobic digestion. The mentioned by-products may also be utilized in animal and human nutrition. Moreover, BSG is a waste rich in various substances that may be extracted for further utilization. It is likely that, in upcoming years, brewer’s spent grains will not be considered as a by-product, but as a desirable raw material for various branches of industry.

scholarly journals From Orange Juice By-Product in the Food Industry to a Functional Ingredient: Application in the Circular Economy

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 593
Author(s):  
Larissa Alves de Castro ◽  
Jaqueline Miranda Lizi ◽  
Eduardo Galvão Leite das Chagas ◽  
Rosemary Aparecida de Carvalho ◽  
Fernanda Maria Vanin
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Orange Juice ◽  
Food System ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Hygroscopic Properties ◽  
By Products

In the orange juice industry, more than 50% of raw material becomes by-products that are rich in active compounds and have high nutritional content. Improved use of these by-products could represent a key strategy for a circular economy. The objective of this study was to produce a flour from orange juice by-product, characterize it, and then apply this flour to produce cookies. Orange by-product flour (OBPF) was characterized in terms of its chemical composition, dietary fiber, phenolic compounds, antioxidant potential, and hygroscopic properties. Subsequently, the effect of substituting wheat flour by OBPF in cookies was evaluated. OBPF presented a very high content of dietary fiber (73.61% dry matter (DM)), minerals (ash = 2.72% DM), and total phenolic compounds (534 ± 30 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/100 g of DM). In general, the properties of cookies were not significantly influenced by using OBPF as a substitution for wheat flour. Sensorial analyses showed that cookies produced with 10% OBPF presented the higher scores. Therefore, OBPF showed interesting characteristics, suggesting its possible use in the development of fiber enriched foods such as cookies; and its production represents a key strategy for the orange juice processing industries towards the application of a circular economy in the food system.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVE MINERAL POLICY AS A KEY FACTOR FOR SUSTAINABLE ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Guenter TIESS ◽  
Iryna SOKOLOVA ◽  
Serhii KLOCHKOV
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Mineral Raw Materials ◽  
Mineral Policy ◽  
By Products

The paper analyzes the changes in commodity market distortions, competing land use types, raw material demand for development, and rapid diffusion of key enabling technologies meeting the requirements of constant, dynamic development of major European industries. The author gives the relationship between the dynamics for mineral resources consumption growth, and changes in the conditions of production of these resources. Contains a critical review of methods for predicting the mineral resources dependency, including an estimated forecasting method based on guidelines for the evaluation of needs for natural resources and their substitutes.    One of the principles is comprehensive and integrated resource recovery. In a nutshell, this new approach argues that any operation should disturb a mine site only once and extract all useful materials using an optimised integrated flowsheet. This principle also requires that all by-products and residues are (re)used and that by-products and tailings at the end of life to be ‘future-proofed’, i.e. they should retain their ability to continue to be of value into the distant future where technology/economy may make feasible their use.    It is noted that access to and affordability of mineral raw materials are crucial for the sound functioning of the EU’s economy. A new 2020 list of critical mineral raw materials is presented and ways to compensate for the CRM deficit are described in detail.    Separately noted that the mineral policy is needed to be meticulously treated to facilitate company investment security, streamline permitting and access to minerals in a line with the European Green Deal, the Circular Economy Action Plan, the Bioeconomy Strategy and the European Industrial Strategy. Concerning, the latest steps towards Europe economically resilient by a framework for raw materials and the Circular Economy – creation of European Raw Materials Alliance recognized as particularly effective.    Global Industry Standard on Tailings Management represented as a robust, fit-for-purpose international standard for the safer management of tailings storage facilities.    The argument is given that since the land issue is one of the most delicate in a densely populated areas heavily dependent on agriculture, housing, infrastructure or other nonmineral development, a fair and equitable distribution of land is important for a mineral perspective.    There is also the need for strategic and open network between political, industrial and local communities through the exchange of information to enhance knowledge, experience and skills between stakeholders. Social acceptance of that idea is a fundamental element that must be addressed to develop a confl ict-free area for mineral development activities.    The conclusions indicate that we would like to emphasize that the main task of today is to create an effective system for monitoring the movement of raw materials along the entire added-value chain. The ability to quickly identify and respond to challenges in mineral policy will provide leadership in EU strategic technologies and industries. This process has already started with the creation of the European Raw Materials Alliance ERMA. State institutions, businesses, scientific institutions, and civil society in the close dialogue are able to ensure sustainable development and security of civilization as a whole. 

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Recovery of Lycopene from Tomato Waste: A Potent Antioxidant with Endless Benefits

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4495
Author(s):  
Valentina Noemi Madia ◽  
Daniela De Vita ◽  
Davide Ialongo ◽  
Valeria Tudino ◽  
Alessandro De Leo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Sustainable Technologies ◽  
Tomato Processing ◽  
By Products

Growing attention to environmental protection leads food industries to adopt a model of “circular economy” applying safe and sustainable technologies to recover, recycle and valorize by-products. Therefore, by-products become raw material for other industries. Tomato processing industry produces significant amounts of by-products, consisting of skins and seeds. Tomato skin is very rich in lycopene, and from its seeds, high nutritional oil can be extracted. Alternative use of the two fractions not only could cut disposal costs but also allow one to extract bioactive compounds and an oil with a high nutritional value. This review focused on the recent advance in extraction of lycopene, whose beneficial effects on health are widely recognized.

Resource efficiency in deinked pulp production: a review

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIISA KOTANEN ◽  
MIKA KÖRKKÖ ◽  
ARI ÄMMÄLÄ ◽  
JOUKO NIINIMÄKI
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Resource Efficiency ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ecological Strategy ◽  
Recycled Paper ◽  
Paper Production ◽  
Recycled Pulp ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Pulp Production

The use of recovered paper as a raw material for paper production is by far the most economical and ecological strategy for the disposal of waste paper. However, paper production from recovered paper furnish generates a great amount of residues, and the higher the demand requirements for the end product, the higher the amount of rejected material. The reason for this is that the selectivity of the deinking process is limited; therefore, some valuable components are also lost in reject streams. The rejection of usable components affects the economics of recycled paper production. As the cost of waste disposal continues to increase, this issue is becoming more and more severe. This paper summarizes the current state of the resource efficiency in recycled pulp production and provides information on the volumes of rejected streams and the usable material within them. Various means to use these reject streams are also discussed, including the main findings of a recent thesis by the main author. This review summarizes current internal and external use of reject streams generated in the deinking operations.

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