scholarly journals Combined Supplementation of Probiotics and Enzymes Improves Performance and Regulates Rumen Microbiota in Fattening Goats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiawei Lu ◽  
Zili Chen ◽  
Qin Gao ◽  
Peizhen Li ◽  
Jingang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
The Body ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
Rumen Microbiota ◽  
Slaughter Performance ◽  
Serum Biochemical

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to explore the effects of growth performance, slaughter performance, serum biochemical, immune and antioxidant indexes and rumen microflora fed with a basal diet (CON group), added B. subtilis and B. licheniformis (PRO group), supplemented with B. subtilis, B. licheniformis and enzyme preparations (COM group) on fattening goats.Methods: 39 male goats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 13 individuals in each group for feed period of 80 d. Goats were fed as follows: CON diet, PRO diet with B. subtilis and B. licheniformis, and COM diet with B. subtilis, B. licheniformis and compound enzymes.Results: ADFI of COM group significantly increased compared with CON group and PRO group (P < 0.01), as well as COM group and PRO group dramatically promoted ADG versus with CON group (P < 0.05). As a consequence, the body weight of fattening goats in the COM group was predominantly higher than that in the CON group (P < 0.01). In addition, the PRO group and COM group enhanced the TNF-α (P < 0.05) and IL-10 content (P < 0.01) in the serum. No differences were observed in serum biochemical and antioxidant indexes of three groups (P > 0.05). Likewise, the GR values of PRO group and COM group were noteworthy improved in comparison with CON group (P < 0.01). The VFA contents in rumen fluid were insignificantly different (P > 0.05). COM group also enriched the relative abundance of Proteobacteria compared with CON group and PRO group (P < 0.05). Nevertheless, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria decreased of PRO group and COM group in rumen fluid microorganisms (P < 0.05). Apparently, COM group significantly enriched nitrogen metabolism, glycolysis and TCA cycle (P < 0.05), whereas nucleotides biosynthesis was notably reduced (P < 0.05).Conclusion: The combined feed of probiotics and enzymes had more profound effects than probiotics feed. Consequently, supplementation with B. subtilis and B. licheniformis and enzymes in the basal diet of fattening goats, which could improve growth performance, slaughter performance, immunity and accommodate rumen microbiota.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Yeast Culture Supplementation on the Growth Performance and Cecal Microbiota Modulation of Geese

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yating Cheng ◽  
Kun Wan ◽  
Zibiao Xiong ◽  
Hui Luo ◽  
Anfang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Yeast Culture ◽  
Beneficial Bacteria ◽  
Α Diversity

Abstract BackgroundOne of the most extensively applied animal feed additives is yeast culture (YC), which can increase production efficiency by altering gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiota. However, its use is still limited in waterfowl. Geese are the ideal model to study the interaction between dietary and GIT, due to their adaptation to consume different roughage sources. Therefore, the effect of YC supplementation at different concentrations (0%, 0.5%,1.0%,2.0% and 4.0%) on the GIT microbiota of geese was investigated in the present study. ResultsThree hundred Sichuan white geese with healthy and similar body weight (BW: 95.57 ± 2.42 g) were randomly divided into five groups: i) basal diet (control), ii) basal diet+0.5%YC (treat1), iii) basal diet+1.0% YC (treat2), iv) basal diet+2.0% YC (treat3), and v) basal diet+4.0% YC (treat4). After 10 weeks, slaughter and collected the cecum contents, then analysis GIT microbiota by high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that YC supplementation did not significantly affect α-diversity (P ＞0.05). Principal coordinates analysis showed an obvious separation between control and treat4. The dominant phyla were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes whereas the predominant genera were Alistipes and Desulfovibrionaceae. The relative abundance of Firmicutes significantly increased in the treat1 group, whereas that of Bacteroidetes significantly decreased in the treat4 group. Dietary YC increased the proportion of beneficial bacteria, such as Parabacteroides, Enterococcus, Streptococcus and Pseudomonas, particularly in group treat2. Furthermore, treat3 significantly improved the body weight and feed utilization of geese.ConclusionCollectively, these findings demonstrate that dietary YC supplementation tends to increase species diversity and richness of GIT microbiota in geese. This increases the proportion of beneficial bacteria which improves amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism. Moreover, YC increases the relative abundance of Firmicutes that promote energy utilization and nutrition absorption, thereby improving the growth performance of geese. This dietary strategy based on feed additives is an effective method to maintain the health of the geese GIT and to improve growth efficiency.

scholarly journals PSIX-5 Effects of live yeast on functional attributes of rumen microbiota in beef cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 394-395
Author(s):  
Ibukun M Ogunade ◽  
Jerusha Lay ◽  
Kenneth Andries
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Glycoside Hydrolases ◽  
Carbohydrate Binding ◽  
Illumina Hiseq ◽  
Rumen Microbiota ◽  
Carbohydrate Binding Modules ◽  
Live Yeast

Abstract This study applied whole-metagenomics shotgun sequencing to evaluate the effects of live yeast supplementation on functional potential of rumen microbiota in beef cattle. Eight rumen-cannulated Holstein steers were assigned randomly to 1 of 2 treatments in cross-over design with two 25-d experimental periods and a 10-d wash-out between the two periods. The steers were housed in individual pens and were fed 50% concentrate and 50% red clover hay ad libitum. Dietary treatments were (1) control (CON; basal diet) and (2) yeast (YEA; basal diet plus 15 g/d of yeast product; PMI, Arden Hills, MN, USA). Rumen fluid samples were collected at 3, 6 and 9 h after feeding on the last day of each period. Sequencing was done on an Illumina HiSeq 2500. Differences in the relative abundance of taxa at the species level were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS using a model that included the effects of treatment, period, and their interaction. Dietary yeast supplementation increased (P &lt; 0.05) the relative abundance of carbohydrate-fermenting bacteria, such as Ruminococcus albus, R. champanellensis, R. bromii, and R. obeum, and lactate-utilizing bacteria, such as Megasphera elsdenii, Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, and D. vulgaris. A total of 154 differentially abundant microbial genes (DAGs) were obtained (false discovery rate &lt; 0.01). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes annotation analysis of the DAGs revealed that pathways involving amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, beta-alanine metabolism, and polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis were enriched in steers fed YEA. Annotation of the DAGs in carbohydrate-active enzymes database revealed that genes coding for enzymes belonging to glycoside hydrolases, glycosyltransferases, and carbohydrate binding modules were enriched in steers fed YEA. These findings confirm the efficacy of live S. cerevisiae product at reducing redox potential and increasing cellulolytic and lactate-utilizing activities in the rumen.

scholarly journals Effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LFB112 on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Immune, and Serum Biochemical Response in Broiler Chickens

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1427
Author(s):  
Marhaba Ahmat ◽  
Junhao Cheng ◽  
Zaheer Abbas ◽  
Qiang Cheng ◽  
Zhen Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Vegetative Cells ◽  
Serum Biochemical

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LFB112 on the growth performance, carcass traits, immune response, and serum biochemical parameters of broiler chickens. A total of 396 1 day old, mixed-sex commercial Ross 308 broilers with similar body weights were allotted into six treatment groups. The assigned groups were the CON group (basal diet with no supplement), AB (antibiotics) group (basal diet + 150 mg of aureomycin/kg), C+M group (basal diet + 5 × 108 CFU/kg B. amyloliquefaciens LFB112 powder with vegetative cells + metabolites), C group (basal diet + 5 × 108 CFU/kg B. amyloliquefaciens LFB112 vegetative cell powder with removed metabolites), M group (basal diet + 5 × 108 CFU/kg B. amyloliquefaciens LFB112 metabolite powder with removed vegetative cells), and CICC group (basal diet + 5 × 108 CFU/kg Bacillus subtilis CICC 20179). Results indicated that chickens in the C+M, C, and M groups had higher body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) (p < 0.05) and lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) (p = 0.02) compared to the CON group. The C+M group showed the lowest abdominal fat rate compared to those in the CON, AB, and CICC groups (p < 0.05). Compared to the CON group, serum IgA and IgG levels in the C+M, C, and M groups significantly increased while declining in the AB group (p < 0.05). B. amyloliquefaciens LFB112 supplementation significantly reduced the serum triglyceride, cholesterol, urea, and creatinine levels, while increasing the serum glucose and total protein (p < 0.05). In conclusion, B. amyloliquefaciens LFB112 significantly improved the growth performance, carcass traits, immunity, and blood chemical indices of broiler chickens and may be used as an efficient broiler feed supplement.

scholarly journals Response of Growth Performance, Blood Biochemistry Indices, and Rumen Bacterial Diversity in Lambs to Diets Containing Supplemental Probiotics and Chinese Medicine Polysaccharides

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Chen ◽  
Beibei Guo ◽  
Mingrui Yang ◽  
Junrong Luo ◽  
Yiqing Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Blood Indices ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing Data ◽  
Daily Gain

This study aims to investigate the effects of probiotics and Chinese medicine polysaccharides (CMPs) on growth performance, blood indices, rumen fermentation, and bacteria composition in lambs. Forty female lambs were randomly divided into four groups as follows: control, probiotics, CMP, and compound (probiotics + CMP) groups. The results showed that probiotics treatment increased the concentrations of blood glucose (GLU) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) and enhanced rumen microbial protein contents but declined the value of pH in rumen fluid compared with the control (P &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, supplementation with CMP enhanced the average daily gain (ADG) and the contents of IgA, IgG, and IgM in the serum but decreased the F:G ratio compared with the control (P &lt; 0.05). Besides, both CMP and compound (probiotics + CMP) treatments decreased the ratio of acetic acid and propionic acid compared with the control (P &lt; 0.05). High-throughput sequencing data showed that at the genus level, the relative abundance of Veillonellaceae_UCG-001 in the probiotics group was increased, the relative abundance of Succiniclasticum and norank_f__Muribaculaceae in the CMP group were enhanced, and the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae_UCG-002 in the compound group was raised compared with the control (P &lt; 0.05). In summary, supplementation with probiotics can promote rumen protein fermentation but decrease the diversity of bacteria in rumen fluid; however, CMP treatment increased the relative abundance of Fibrobacteria, changed rumen microbial fermentation mode, increased the immune function, and ultimately improved the growth performance.

Effects of Compound Probiotics on Growth Performance, Intestinal Microflora and Immune Function of Broilers

2014 ◽  
Vol 997 ◽  
pp. 178-184
Author(s):  
Hong Ling Wang ◽  
Yu Hong Yang ◽  
Jia Qing Wang ◽  
Zhuo Wang ◽  
Shuang Ma
Keyword(s):  
Immune Function ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Anti Body

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of compound probiotics on broiler performance, intestinal microflora, immune function and serum biochemical indicators. Four hundred one-d-old female broiler chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates in each group and 25 chickens per replication. The chickens in groupI(control group) were fed a basal diet, experimental groups II, III and IVwere fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.4% compound probiotics. The results of this work were as follows: (1) during the experimental period, compared with control group, the average daily in group III was significantly increased (P<0.05), the feed/gain and average daily feed intake were significantly lower (P<0.05); (2) at the age of 14 and 28 days, the number of cecal Lactic acid in group II and III were significantly higher than the control (P<0.05) and the content of E.coli has the opposite results. (3) the anti-body titer in group III was the highest, and significantly higher compared to the control (P<0.05), but there were no significantly differences between group IV and control group (P>0.05). (4) serum biochemical indexes of broilers in group III and IVwere significantly increased than that in control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the supplementation of 0.2% compound probiotics could promote the growth performance, improve the cecal mico-ecosystem, enhance the anti-body titer and biochemical indexes in serum.

scholarly journals Rumen Microbiota of Tibetan Sheep (Ovis aries) Adaptation to Extremely Cold Season on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingshan Fan ◽  
Xiongxiong Cui ◽  
Zhaofeng Wang ◽  
Shenghua Chang ◽  
Metha Wanapat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Rumen Microbiota ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Technology ◽  
Tibetan Sheep ◽  
Serum Biochemical

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is characterized by low temperatures and hypoxia, and this feature is more obvious in the winter. However, it is not clear how Tibetan sheep adapt to extreme cold climates. To address this, we used physiological methods combined with next-generation sequencing technology to explore the differences in growth performance, forage nutrient digestion, serum biochemical indexes, and rumen microbial communities of Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries) between the summer and winter. In the summer, owing to the high nutritional quality of the forage, the Tibetan sheep showed enhanced forage degradation and fermentation though increased counts of important bacteria in the rumen, such as Bacteroidetes, Prevotella_1, Prevotellaceae_UCG-003, Ruminococcus_1, Saccharofermentans, and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, to improve the growth performance and increase serum immunity and antioxidant status. In the winter, owing to the low nutritional quality of the forage, the Tibetan sheep presented low values of forage degradation and fermentation indicators. The relative abundance of Firmicutes, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, microbial diversity, interactive activity between microorganisms, and metabolism were significantly increased, implying that the rumen microbiota could promote the decomposition of forage biomass and the maintenance of energy when forage nutritional value was insufficient in the winter. Our study helps in elucidating the mechanism by which Tibetan sheep adapt to the high-altitude harsh environments, from the perspective of the rumen microbiota.

scholarly journals Eucommia Ulmoides Flavones as Antibiotic Alternatives in a Low-protein Diet Improve Growth Performance and Intestinal Health in Weaning Piglets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daixiu Yuan ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Dingfu Xiao ◽  
Jiefeng Li ◽  
Yanhong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Eucommia Ulmoides ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Weanling Piglets

Abstract Background Eucommia ulmoides flavones (EUF), have been demonstrated to attenuate the inflammation and oxidative stress of piglets. This study was designed to test whether EUF could be as an antibiotic alternative to support growth performance and maintain intestinal health in weanling-piglets. Weaned-piglets (n = 480) were assigned into 3 groups and fed with a low-protein basal diet (NC), or supplementation with antibiotics (PC) or 0.1‰ EUF (EUF). Blood, intestinal contents and intestine were collected on d-15 and d-35, respectively. Results The results showed that the body weight on d-35, average daily gain and gain : feed from d 15 to d 35 and d 0 to d 35 in piglets of PC and EUF treatments were higher than (p < 0.05) these in NC treatment, whereas PC and EUF treatments decreased (p < 0.05) the diarrhea index of weanling piglets. Dietary supplementation of EUF significantly enhanced (p < 0.05) the serum concentrations of total protein, alanine transaminase and the immunoglobulin G on d-15 of piglets compared to piglets in NC treatment. EUF supplementation increased (p < 0.05) the jejunal and ileal villus height and the population of ileal lactic acid bacteria on d-15 but remarkable decreased (p < 0.05) the population of ileal coliform bacteria on d-15 and d-35. Conclusion These findings indicated the antibiotic alternative capacity of EUF in piglets exhibiting by improving growth performance and intestinal morphology, decreasing colonization of coliform bacteria and diarrhea index in weanling piglets.

scholarly journals Effects of Micronized Bamboo Powder on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indexes, Cecal Chyme Microflora and Metabolism of Broilers Aged 1-22 Days

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fawen Dai ◽  
Tao Lin ◽  
Lumin Cheng ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Jianjun Zuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Bamboo Powder ◽  
Group D ◽  
Insoluble Fiber

Abstract Necrotic enteritis is common in broilers, which makes negative effects on growth performance. Adding insoluble fiber to diet of broilers has been reported to improve intestinal health and promote growth performance. Bamboo powder is a cheap raw material with rich insoluble fiber. This study aims to explore the effects of feeding micronized bamboo powder (MBP) on growth performance, serum biochemical indexes, intestinal microflora, and metabolism of broilers. A total of 1440 1-day-old ephedra chickens were randomly divided into three groups considering gender and body weight: (1) Group D: feeding with basal diet without antibiotics; (2) Group E: feeding with basal diet supplemented with 5% rice bran (RB); (3) Group F: feeding with basal diet supplemented with 1% MBP. Each group involved 8 replicates, with 60 chickens per replicate. After feeding for 22 days, various indexes were detected. For the growth performance, the weight gain and feed consumption ratio (G: F) of Group F supplemented with MBP is 0.57 ± 0.04, which is significantly higher than that of E group supplemented with RB (0.52 ± 0.01, P < 0.05). For the serum biochemical indexes, the glutathione peroxidase activity in Group F is significantly higher than that of in Group D, while the malondialdehyde content is significantly lower than that of in Group D and Group E (P < 0.05 for all). The fresh cecal chyme is taken for determination. In Group F, the α diversity index Faith_pd is significantly lower in Group F than that of in Group D. The microorganism species in cecal chyme of Group F and Group E are also different. The metabolic pathways of Group F differ from those of Group D and Group E, mainly manifested in fatty acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism and intestinal immune IgA production. Adding 1% MBP to broiler diet can enhance the anti-oxidant capacity, improve chyme microflora, regulate the metabolism pathways responsible for intestinal fatty acids, amino acids, and immunity.

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