scholarly journals A Selected Population Study Reveals the Biochemical Mechanism of Intramuscular Fat Deposition in Chicken Meat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanxian Cui ◽  
Lu Liu ◽  
Xiaojing Liu ◽  
Yongli Wang ◽  
Na Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Major Fatty Acid ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Biochemical Mechanism ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Imf Content ◽  
Long Chain

Abstract Background Increasing intramuscular fat (IMF) is an important strategy to improve meat quality, but the regulation mechanism of IMF deposition needs to be systematically clarified. Results A total of 520 chickens from a selected line with improved IMF content and a control line were used to investigate the biochemical mechanism of IMF deposition in chickens. The results showed that the increased IMF would improve the flavor and tenderness quality of chicken meat. IMF content was mainly determined both by measuring triglyceride (TG) and phospholipid (PLIP) in muscle tissue, but only TG content was found to be decisive for IMF deposition. Furthermore, the increase in major fatty acid (FA) components in IMF is mainly derived from TGs (including C16:0, C16:1, C18:1n9c, and C18:2n6c, etc.), and the inhibition of certain very-long-chain FAs would help to IMF/TG deposition. Conclusions Our study elucidated the underlying biochemical mechanism of IMF deposition in chicken: Prevalent accumulation of long-chain FAs and inhibitions of medium-chain FAs and very long chain-FA would synergistically result in the increase of TGs with the FA biosynthesis and cellular uptake ways. Our findings will guide the production of high-quality chicken meat.

scholarly journals The Relation Between Intramuscular Fat Level in the Longissimus Muscle and the Quality of Pig Carcasses and Meat

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1031-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Pietruszka ◽  
Eugenia Jacyno ◽  
Maria Kawęcka ◽  
Wioletta Biel
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Large White ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Pig Carcasses ◽  
Imf Content

Abstract This study evaluated the effect of intramuscular fat (IMF) content on the quality of pig carcass and meat. One hundred and twenty right half-carcasses of crossbred pigs (Pietrain × Duroc boars and Polish Large White × Polish Landrace sows) from a commercial farm were divided into two groups depending on the content of IMF in the longissimus muscle (LM): LIMF - lower content (mean 2.05% IMF; 28 gilts and 30 barrows) and HIMF - higher content (mean 3.08% IMF; 32 gilts and 30 barrows) were used. Pigs with a higher IMF content in LM (HIMF group) had a significantly lower (P≤0.01) percentage of lean meat in carcass, loin muscle area, level of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and PUFAs/SFAs ratio, whereas backfat thickness, content of cholesterol in LM, levels of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) were significantly greater (P≤0.01) than those in pigs with lower IMF content (LIMF group).

Effect of carcass weight/age on the compositional and sensory qualities of bull beef

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (s1) ◽  
pp. s6-s9 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. Mezgebo ◽  
F. J. Monahan ◽  
M. McGee ◽  
E. G. O’Riordan ◽  
I. R. Richardson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Sensory Qualities ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Imf Content

This study aimed to compare the quality of beef from suckler bulls raised on a high-energy concentrate ration and slaughtered at different carcass weights (CW)/ages. In total, 42 spring-born, Charolais and Limousin-sired, weaned suckler bulls were provided with a finishing diet of ad libitum concentrates and grass silage until they reached target CW of 340, 380 and 420 kg. Intramuscular fat (IMF) content tended (P<0.06) to be higher for 420 kg CW than for 380 and 340 kg CW. Sensory tenderness was lower (P<0.001) for 420 kg CW than for 380 and 340 kg CW. Juiciness was higher (P<0.05) for 420 kg CW than for 380 kg CW. Flavour liking was higher (P<0.05) for 420 and 380 kg CW (which did not differ) than for 340 kg CW. Overall, an increase in CW resulted in a slight increase in IMF content which could be responsible for the increase in juiciness and flavour liking of the beef. An increase in CW led to a decrease in the tenderness of the beef even though the overall liking of the beef was not affected.

scholarly journals High-Quality Gluten-Free Sponge Cakes without Sucrose: Inulin-Type Fructans as Sugar Alternatives

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1735
Author(s):  
Urszula Krupa-Kozak ◽  
Natalia Drabińska ◽  
Cristina M. Rosell ◽  
Beata Piłat ◽  
Małgorzata Starowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Confectionery Products ◽  
Similar Appearance ◽  
Long Chain

Due to its structural and organoleptic functions, sucrose is one of the primary ingredients of many baked confectionery products. In turn, the growing awareness of the association between sugar overconsumption and the development of chronic diseases has prompted the urgent need to reduce the amount of refined sugar in foods. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of complete sucrose replacement with inulin-type fructans (ITFs), namely fructooligosaccharide (FOS), inulin (INU) or oligofructose-enriched inulin (SYN), with different degrees of polymerization on the technological parameters and sensory quality of gluten-free sponge cakes (GFSs). The use of ITFs as the sole sweetening ingredient resulted in the similar appearance of the experimental GFSs to that of the control sample. In addition, all GFSs containing ITFs had similar height, while their baking weight loss was significantly (p < 0.05) lower compared to the control products. The total sugar exchange for long-chain INU increased the crumb hardness, while the crumb of the GFS with FOS was as soft as of the control products. The sensory analysis showed that the GFS containing FOS obtained the highest scores for the overall quality assessment, similar to the sugar-containing control sponge cake. The results obtained prove that sucrose is not necessary to produce GFSs with appropriate technological parameters and a high sensory quality. Thus, it can be concluded that sucrose can be successfully replaced with ITF, especially with FOS, in this type of baked confectionery product.

scholarly journals Characteristics of steers of six beef breeds fattened from eight months of age and slaughtered at a target level of intramuscular fat – I. Growth Performance and carcass quality

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chambaz ◽  
I. Morel ◽  
M. R. L. Scheeder ◽  
M. Kreuzer ◽  
P.-A. Dufey
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Target Level ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
In Series ◽  
Fattening Period ◽  
Imf Content

Abstract. Growth Performance and carcass quality of 132 steers originating from six beef breeds, Angus (AN), Simmental (SI), Charolais (CH), Limousin (LI), Blonde d'Aquitaine (BL), and Piedmontese (PI), fattened under the same conditions on the same diet, were compared at a target level of 3.5 % intramuscular fat (IMF) in the M. longissimus dorsi. This target level was set on basis of the results ofa preliminary study investigating, with 784 persons, the Visual preference of marbling using photographs. The total mix ration, provided at ad libitum access, consisted of maize silage, grass silage and concentrate (52 %, 26 % and 22 % of DM, resp.). Series 1 was performed in a tie-stall bam while a loose-housing system with straw bedding was used in series 2. The animals were assigned to slaughter either when the target IMF content was reached according to the estimation with a real-time ultrasound system applied in the live animals or when 15 months of fattening had passed. AN, SI, CH and LI reached 3.5 % IMF on average at final weights of 501 ± 43, 628 ± 60, 693 ± 117 and 668 ± 65 kg, respectively. BL and PI did not reach this target, although the average fattening period was about three times longer for BL and PI than for AN and the final weights were 758 ± 93 and 647 ± 64 kg, respectively. Under the conditions of this experimental approach, daily gains were highest in AN, followed by CH, SI, LI and BL and lowest in PI. The daily feed intake was significantly lower for PI than for CH, SI and AN. The AN expressed the best feed conversion efficiency in terms of DM expenditure per kg gain over the complete fattening period while this efficiency was lowest in the PI group followed by BL. Among the four breeds, which reached the target IMF content, LI steers showed the greatest proportion of premium cuts and the highest lean to fat and lean to bone ratio in the sirloin, followed, in descending order, by CH, SI and AN. However all four groups were graded around 4 in fatness score (high to very high). The present results revealed for all breeds the difficulty to reach the desired extent of marbling and at the same time favourable carcass conformation, carcass size (except AN) and fat cover which meet market demands.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis of Muscle Reveals Potential Candidate Genes and Pathways Affecting Intramuscular Fat Content in Duroc Pigs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueyan Zhao ◽  
Hongmei Hu ◽  
Cheng Wang ◽  
Yanping Wang ◽  
Haichao Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Fat Cell ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Ppar Signaling ◽  
Significant Enrichment ◽  
Go Terms ◽  
Imf Content

Abstract Background Intramuscular fat (IMF) content plays a key role in meat quality of pork. Duroc is a common commercial pig breed, which is extensively used as the terminal male parent of DLY (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) commercial pigs. For identification potential candidate genes and pathways, IMF content of 28 purebred Duroc pigs were measured, and transcriptome differences of muscles from individuals with divergent IMF content were analyzed based on RNA sequencing. Results As a result, a total of 309 DEGs were detected using edgeR and DESeq2 (p < 0.05, |log2(fold change)| ≥ 1) between the the IMF-High and -Low groups. Functional analysis of the DEGs revealed 27 Gene Ontology (GO) terms, two pathways (q < 0.05) and 23 key DEGs, which closely related to lipid metabolism and fat cell differentiation. Among these key DEGs, LEP, SFRP1, CIDEC, PNPLA3 and MT3, are potential candidate genes affecting IMF content due to their biological functions, the significant correlation between these genes’ expression with IMF content values in the 28 Duroc samples and proofs from previous studies. Meanwhile, a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) also revealed seven out of these key DEGs, including ADIPOQ, FABP4, PLIN1, CIDEA, ACAA1, CYP2A19 and ADIRF, were hub genes in turquoise module which may exhibit important functions in influencing IMF content. Furthermore, two pathways, regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes and PPAR signaling pathway, were potential pathways affecting IMF content because of their significant enrichment for the DEGs and co-expression genes of turquoise modules. Conclusions Our study demonstrates that some DEGs and pathways detected have essential role in regulating IMF content, and are supposed to be potential candidate genes and pathways affecting the trait in Duroc pigs. The study provides information for understanding molecular mechanism of IMF content, and would be of help for improving pork quality of Duroc pigs.

scholarly journals A Newly Identified LncRNA LncIMF4 Controls Adipogenesis of Porcine Intramuscular Preadipocyte through Attenuating Autophagy to Inhibit Lipolysis

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunmei Sun ◽  
Rui Cai ◽  
Yingqian Wang ◽  
Rui Zhao ◽  
Jin Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Pork Quality ◽  
Pork Meat ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Intramuscular Adipocyte ◽  
Imf Content ◽  
Better Than

Intramuscular fat (IMF) is implicated in juiciness, tenderness, and flavor of pork. Meat quality of Chinese fat-type pig is much better than that of lean-type pig because of its higher IMF content. LncRNA is a vital regulator that contributes to adipogenesis. However, it is unknown about the regulation of lncRNA on IMF content. Here, by RNA sequence analysis of intramuscular adipocyte from Bamei pig (fat-type) and Yorkshire pig (lean-type), we found that a novel lncRNA, lncIMF4, was associated with adipogenesis. LncIMF4, abundant in adipose, differently expressed along with intramuscular preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation. Meanwhile, it is located both in cytoplasm and nucleus. Besides, lncIMF4 knockdown promoted proliferation and differentiation of porcine intramuscular preadipocytes, whereas inhibited autophagy. Moreover, lncIMF4 knockdown facilitated intramuscular adipogenesis through attenuating autophagy to repress the lipolysis. Our findings will contribute to understand better the mechanism of lncRNA controlling intramuscular adipogenesis for promoting pork quality.

Status of nondestructive control of transport function metal products at JSC EVRAZ NTMK

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 586-590
Author(s):  
S. P. Bersenev ◽  
E. M. Slobtsova
Keyword(s):  
Crack Detection ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Magnetic Powder ◽  
Nondestructive Control ◽  
Automated Control ◽  
Ultrasonic Control ◽  
Acoustic Contact ◽  
In Series

Achievements in the area of automated ultrasonic control of quality of rails, solid-rolled wheels and tyres, wheels magnetic powder crack detection, carried out at JSC EVRAZ NTMK. The 100% nondestructive control is accomplished by automated control in series at two ultrasonic facilities RWI-01 and four facilities УМКК-1 of magnetic powder control, installed into the exit control line in the wheel-tyre shop. Diagram of location, converters displacement and control operations in the process of control at the facility RWI-01 presented, as well as the structural diagram of the facility УМКК-1. The automated ultrasonic control of rough tyres is made in the tyres control line of the wheel-tyre shop at the facility УКБ-1Д. The facility enables to control internal defects of tyres in radial, axis and circular directions of radiation. Possibilities of the facility УКБ-1Д software were shown. Nondestructive control of railway rails is made at two facilities, comprising the automated control line of the rail and structural shop. The УКР-64Э facility of automated ultrasonic rails control is intended to reveal defects in the area of head, web and middle part of rail foot by pulse echo-method with a immersion acoustic contact. The diagram of rail P65 at the facility УКР-64Э control presented. To reveal defects of the macrostructure in the area of rail head and web by mirror-shadow method, an ultrasonic noncontact electromagnetic-acoustic facility is used. It was noted, that implementation of the 100% nondestructive control into the technology of rolled stuff production enabled to increase the quality of products supplied to customers and to increase their competiveness.

Influence of technology parameters of free-cutting steel continuous casting on the billet internal structure

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
A. T. Kunakbaeva ◽  
A. M. Stolyarov ◽  
M. V. Potapova
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Continuous Casting ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Manganese Content ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Cutting Steel ◽  
Continuously Cast

Free-cutting steel gains specific working properties thanks to the high content of sulfur and phosphorus. These elements, especially sulfur, have a rather high tendency to segregation. Therefore, segregation defects in free-cutting steel continuously cast billets can be significantly developed. The aim of the work was to study the influence of the chemical composition of freecutting steel and casting technological parameters on the quality of the macrostructure of continuously cast billets. A metallographic assessment of the internal structure of cast metal made of free-cutting steel and data processing by application of correlation and regression analysis were the research methods. The array of production data of 43 heats of free-cutting steel of grade A12 was studied. Steel casting on a five-strand radial type continuous casting machine was carried out by various methods of metal pouring from tundish into the molds. Metal of 19 heats was poured with an open stream, and 24 heats – by a closed stream through submerged nozzles with a vertical hole. High-quality billets had a cross-sectional size of 150×150 mm. The macrostructure of high-quality square billets made of free-cutting steel of A12 grade is characterized by the presence of central porosity, axial segregation and peripheral point contamination, the degree of development of which was in the range from 1.5 to 2.0 points, segregation cracks and strips – about 1.0 points. In the course of casting with an open stream, almost all of these defects are more developed comparing with the casting by a closed stream. As a result of correlation and regression analysis, linear dependences of the development degree of segregation cracks and strips both axial and angular on the sulfur content in steel and on the ratio of manganese content to sulfur content were established. The degree of these defects development increases with growing of sulfur content in steel of A12 grade. These defects had especially strong development when sulfur content in steel was of more than 0.10%. To improve the quality of cast metal, it is necessary to have the ratio of the manganese content to the sulfur content in the metal more than eight.

Experience of clinical testing of personal telemedicine system ‘Obereg’ for remote monitoring of patients in intensive care units

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Eryomenko ◽  
N. V. Rostunova ◽  
S. A. Budagyan ◽  
V. V. Stets
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Clinical Testing ◽  
Transportation Of Patients ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Telemedicine System ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
Hospital Equipment

The experience of clinical testing of the personal telemedicine system ‘Obereg’ for remote monitoring of patients at the intensive care units of leading Russian clinics is described. The high quality of communication with the remote receiving devices of doctors, the accuracy of measurements, resistance to interference from various hospital equipment and the absence of its own impact on such equipment were confirmed. There are significant advantages compared to stationary patient monitors, in particular, for intra and out-of-hospital transportation of patients.

Association between leptin receptor gene polymorphism and quality of both meat and back fat in large white pigs of ukrainian breeding

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
V. Balatsky ◽  
I. Bankovska ◽  
A. Saienko
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Large White ◽  
Pig Breeds ◽  
Lepr Gene ◽  
Large White Breed ◽  
White Breed

Leptin receptor is one of the components of the system of regulating energy homeostasis of the organism. Leptin receptor gene (LEPR) polymorphism is associated with pig carcass index of the content of intramus- cular fat in its valuable parts, which is particularly important when assessing the quality of their carcasses for processing. Intramuscular fat is associated with meat fl avor characteristics and partly determines its tenderness, juiciness, and other parameters. Aim. To analyze LEPR gene (SNP NM001024587.1, p. 1987 C > T) polymor- phism in populations of various pig breeds and to establish its relationship with the quality of both meat and fat of pigs of Large White breed of Ukrainian breeding. Methods. Genetic-population analysis of nine pig breeds, associative analysis on the search connection of LEPR gene polymorphism with quality of both meat and fat of pigs of Large White breed of Ukrainian breeding. LEPR locus genotyping was performed by High Resolution Melting (HRM). Results. All the studied breeds are characterized by polymorphism of the leptin receptor gene (SNP NM001024587.1, p. 1987 C > T), signifi cant breed specifi city in the distribution of frequencies of alleles was established. Statistically confi rmed effect (p < 0.05) of genotypes LEPR on the content of intramuscular fat, total dry matter and moisture in the meat, as well as the moisture content in the back fat of pigs of Ukrainian Large White breed was revealed. Higher content of intramuscular fat was found in the animals with genotype TT, while a smaller amount of intramuscular fat and more moisture in fat was revealed in heterozygotes. Conclusions. Genetic marker LEPR SNP NM001024587.1, p. 1987 C > T can be used in the marker-assisted selection to predict and improve the performance quality of the meat of pigs of Large White breed of the Ukrainian breeding. These results suggest that porcine leptin receptor gene controls the quality of fat comp- lex – inside muscles and in the dorsal part of the carcass.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document