scholarly journals Characteristic Pollutants Purification Analysis of Modified Phosphogypsum Comprehensive Utilization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao-Qiang Wang ◽  
De-Ming Xiong ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Kai Wu ◽  
Pei-Xin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
P Elements ◽  
Leaching Toxicity ◽  
Application Potential

Abstract The waste product Phosphogypsum (PG) produces in phosphoric acid production processes. Its storage requires large amounts of land resources and exist serious environmental risks. In this work detailed experimental research was carried out to investigate the potential reuse of PG after calcination modification as a novel building material for cast-in-place concrete products. The calcination modification mechanism was studied and the environmental risk assessment of modified PG is presented. The calcination modification includes crystal phase transformation, removal of impurities and modifying the pH value. The calcination was carried out at 280℃ for 3-4 hours, where the resulting product is a pH value of 7.3, and the soluble fluorine and phosphorus removal rates reach up to 72.7% and 82.4% respectively. These removal rates meet the requirements of the national Phosphogypsum standard (GB/T 23456-2009). To ensure the environmental safety, ecological risk assessment methods for determining the leaching toxicity of the modified PG were employed. The toxicity of Ba and P elements in the modified PG products was assessed, as well as the leaching toxicity concentrations of all particular heavy metals, which were found well below the limits set by the national standards. All the results presented strongly suggest that the 280℃ modified PG presented here has excellent application potential as a raw component in building materials.

Resistance of Binding Systems of Various Compositions to the Action of Molds

2020 ◽  
Vol 786 (11) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
V.V. STROKOVA ◽  
◽  
V.V. NELUBOVA ◽  
M.N. SIVALNEVA ◽  
M.D. RYKUNOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aging Process ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Fungal Resistance ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Vital Activity ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Biological Corrosion ◽  
Test Objects

The dynamic development of urbanization contributes to an increase in emissions of industrial waste, which is the cause dysfunction of the ecosystem balance and leads to the development of biological corrosion on building materials associated with the products of the vital activity of microorganisms. In this regard, it is necessary to assess the resistance of composites to predict the durability of building structures under conditions of biological influence of microorganisms. Binder systems of various compositions were studied: cementless nanostructured binders (NB) based on quartz sand and granodiorite, gypsum, Portland cement and alumina cement. The toxicity of binders was assessed by biotesting on living organisms – cladocerans Daphnia Magna – according to the criteria of the intensity of their growth and viability. As a result, the high environmental safety of NB is substantiated, and the ranking of the studied binders according to the degree of increase in their toxicity to test objects is presented. Fungal resistance was assessed by the ability of molds for growing and reproduction on the studied samples. It was found that the most active in terms of the development of binders were representatives of the genus Aspergillus, the intensity of growing of which in all variants did not decrease below 3 points. Gypsum and NB were especially vulnerable, where the degree of fouling repeatedly reached 5 points. Even the initially biostable cement, after the aging process, lost its stability at different extent. The obtained results indicate the need to increase the resistance of composites for various purposes under conditions of biocorrosion at the stage of design and updating of regulatory documents, including tests for fungal resistance in the list of mandatory.

REPORTS OF THE TSHA ISSUE 293 (PART I)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. Verzunova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Scientific Conference ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Land Protection ◽  
Complex Development ◽  
Livestock Products

The collection includes articles based on the reports of scientists of the K. A. Timiryazev RGAU-MSHA, other universities and research institutions at the International Scientific Conference dedicated to the 155th anniversary of the K. A. Timiryazev RGAU-MSHA, which was held on December 2-4, 2020. The materials are presented on topical issues: land reclamation, reclamation, land protection and water supply, water resources management, hydraulic structures on hydro-reclamation systems; civil, industrial and agro-industrial construction, expertise and evaluation of industrial, civil buildings and building materials science; technosphere and environmental safety; reclamation and construction machines; information technologies in the agro-industrial complex; development of sheep and goat breeding in modern conditions; veterinary medicine and safety of livestock products, technologies for the production of feed and full nutrition of animals, biology, private zootechny; beekeeping and aquaculture.

Assessment of contamination by rocket fuel components of remedied sites of silo launchers

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 567-571
Author(s):  
Olga N. Semenova ◽  
Tatyana V. Ryabova ◽  
Olga M. Hudyakova ◽  
Svetlana V. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Chemical Safety ◽  
Rocket Fuel ◽  
Nature Restoration ◽  
Liquid Rocket ◽  
Chelyabinsk Region

Introduction. The use of highly toxic and highly hazardous components of liquid rocket fuel in silo-based intercontinental ballistic missiles makes it necessary to assure the health and epidemiological well-being of the population and environmental safety when eliminating silo launchers. The study aims to assess the chemical safety of the sites of silo launchers after their elimination by detonation and remediation of disturbed lands. Materials and methods. Samples of soil, water, vegetation were taken at 20 remedied sites of the former silo launchers of "single start" located in the Chelyabinsk region and the Altai Territory. These samples were analyzed in an accredited laboratory for the content of unsymmetrical dimethyl-hydrazine and its degradation products using certified photometric methods. Results. At the time of the survey in 2019, in 19 of 20 sites of former silo launchers, facts of unauthorized intrusion to the remedied sites were established in order to recover a scrap of non-ferrous and ferrous metals, building materials up to the depth of the location of the destroyed shafts of mine structures. In soil samples from 3 sites of silo launchers located in the Chelyabinsk region, asymmetric dimethyl-hydrazine was found in concentrations exceeding the MPC by 1.02 - 1.6 times. In water samples from open and water-flooded shafts of silo launchers, degradation products of unsymmetrical dimethyl-hydrazine were absent. Contamination of herbaceous and coniferous vegetation with asymmetric dimethyl-hydrazine at the surveyed sites has not been established. Conclusion. Soil contamination with asymmetric dimethyl-hydrazine at three remedied sites of 20 surveyed ones may be the result of their unauthorized opening. After the intrusion, the orphan sites of the silo launchers become objects of increased chemical hazard and environmental risk. Such things require carrying out nature restoration work, strengthening supervision over their technical, health and ecological condition.

scholarly journals TECHNOLOGY OF CREATING AND USAGE OF PROECOLOGICAL BLOCK EMPTYSEED

space&FORM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (47) ◽  
pp. 31-44
Author(s):  
Jan Cudzik ◽  
◽  
Konstancja Olszewska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Natural Building

Nowadays, finding natural substitutes for mass-produced materials is one of the main tasks faced by scientists and designers. There is an increasing emphasis on the theme of ecology and the need for sustainability. Variants and methods are sought which will create environmentally friendly materials in a fast, relatively inexpensive and ecological way. The aim of this paper is to present different proposals of natural building materials and to demonstrate the research process in the search for an environmentally friendly facade material, analyzing it in terms of strength, durability and aesthetics. One of the reasons for this is the steadily deteriorating environmental conditions. Thus, architects strive to improve environmental safety.

Research on Mixing Ratio of Waste Mud Brick

2013 ◽  
Vol 368-370 ◽  
pp. 1103-1106
Author(s):  
Hai Long Wu ◽  
Bing Zhang Huang ◽  
Bang Biao Huang ◽  
Ji Zhen Zhu ◽  
Xi Qiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Heat Insulation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Green Building ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Waste Reuse ◽  
Green Building Materials ◽  
The Relationship

In order to achieve green building materials, energy conservation, waste reuse purposes. Use city sewage sludge as part of the raw materials for production of shale brick is studied by experiments adopted the different mixing ratio, find matching and the relationship between the compressive strength. Experimental results show that the shale powder to add quality percentage is 40% of dry sludge, formed a burning brick, brick of various performance accord with national standards, not only can save coal and mineral resources, improve the heat insulation brick, but also a lot of recycling of utilization of sludge.

Development of Sustainable Alternative Building Materials from Quarry Dust

2018 ◽  
Vol 761 ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
Ehud Cohen ◽  
Gabriela Bar Nes ◽  
Alva Peled
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Quarry Dust ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The main goal of our work is to develop an alternative building material based on “zero waste” objective, thus creating commercially valuable products from materials that are otherwise high-volume waste products. Fine dolomitic quarry dust is a waste product manufactured in several millions of cubic tons each year in the mining industry of Israel. Our study examines a sustainable and useful solution to use this quarry dust (QD) as a part of fly ash based geopolymeric systems. Mechanical, thermal and chemical properties were examined and analyzed.

Resource-Saving Technologies in the Thermal Insulation-Structural Foam Glass Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 974 ◽  
pp. 356-361
Author(s):  
O.V. Kuznetsova ◽  
N.D. Yatsenko ◽  
A.I. Subbotin ◽  
M.Yu. Klimenko
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Foam Glass ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Glass Production ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Structural Foam ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Research Areas

The modern building materials market places high demands on heat-insulating and heat-insulating structural materials. In this connection, the issues of developing high-quality building materials obtained on the resource-saving technologies basis allowing to solve two interrelated problems are topical. The first problem is the industrial waste generated and existing stocks disposal. The second is associated with a decrease in the traditional raw materials deficit [1]. These problems solution, combining rational technological solutions, is based on the scientific research achievements in this area, in particular in the foam glass production. The priority scientific research areas in the foam glass materials production are the developments related to the study, the new raw materials use and the production of foam glass mixture compositions on their basis, which provide, along with the necessary performance properties, high environmental safety requirements [2, 3].

scholarly journals Chemical elution treatment of synthetic diamond production wastewater contaminated soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 06034
Author(s):  
Guang-chen SU ◽  
Xiang-xiang WANG ◽  
Ying YANG ◽  
Hai-shan ShI
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Synthetic Diamond ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Time Cost ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Elution Time ◽  
Solid Liquid

The optimal removal conditions of heavy metal Coand Nicomposite contaminated soil were studied by the method of oscillating elution. The removal effects of different eluents on Coand Niat different concentrations were discussed.The results showed that the removal efficiency of citric acid with the concentration of 0.2mol•L-1was the best,and the removal rates of Coand Niwere 73.40% and 73.03%.On this basis, the effects of solid-liquid ratio, pH and elution time on the elution effect were investigated.The resultsshow that the trend of the two heavy metals affected by the above three factors is about the same. As the solid-liquid ratio decreases, the elution effect gradually increases, but the growth range is different.As the pH increases, the elution effect of the two heavy metals decreases. In addition, the removal rates of the two heavy metals show a trend of rising first, then stabilizing, and then continuing to rise. Considering economic factors, time cost and treatment effect, the best elution conditions aresolid-liquid ratio of 1: 20, pH value of 2 and elution time of 6 h.

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