scholarly journals Relationship Between Occupational Noise and Hypertension in Modern Enterprise Workers: A Case–Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomei Wu ◽  
Yueyan Lan ◽  
Xiaohong Zhang ◽  
Chaoxiu Li ◽  
Bo Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Noise Intensity ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Occupational Noise ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Occupational Noise Exposure

Abstract Objective Many epidemiological studies have reported an association between occupational noise exposure and hypertension among workers, but have failed to obtain conclusive results. Thus we aimed to assess whether there is a relationship between hypertension and occupational noise. Methods This study adopted a case–control design to verified the relationship of occupational noise and hypertension. This study included 1527 subjects (case group, 509 individuals; control group, 1018 individuals) from a modern automobile manufacturing company. The information includes the general characteristics, occupational factors, and data collected from physical examination, hematology and serology testing. Two-sample t-tests, The Chi-square test, the Ridit analysis method were used for comparing variables. A non-conditional logistic regression model was used for multivariate analysis based on single factor analysis. Results Toxin exposure was found to be a risk factor for the occurrence of hypertension in workers who were exposed to noise in modern enterprises (OR=3.45).Heart rate was significantly different between the case and control groups (OR=5.98). Occupational noise exposure is a risk factor for hypertension, and the risk of hypertension for people exposed to noise intensity ≥80 dB is 2.23 times (95% CI 1.62–3.06) higher than that for people exposed to noise intensity <80 dB. Conclusions Occupational noise exposure is an independent risk factor for hypertension. it can be used to direct the new criteria of noise exposure limit to protect worker’s health.

Association between statin use and the risks of glaucoma in Australia: a 10-year cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2021-318789
Author(s):  
Yixiong Yuan ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Xianwen Shang ◽  
Ruilin Xiong ◽  
Jason Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression Model ◽  
The People ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Statin Use

SynopsisIn a cohort of middle-aged and elderly Australians, we found that long-term statin use was associated with a higher risk of glaucoma onset. As to subtypes of statins, the increased risk was only found in rosuvastatin users.PurposeTo investigate the relationship between statin use and glaucoma onset in a 10-year longitudinal study.MethodsThis nested case–control study was based on data from a large-scale cohort of Australians aged over 45 years old. Medication exposure was identified by claims records from the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme during the follow-up period (2009–2016). The onset of glaucoma was defined as the people with at least three claims of antiglaucoma medications. Controls matched by age, gender and cardiovascular diseases were selected from participants without prescription of antiglaucoma medications. A conditional logistic regression model was used to assess the association between statin use and glaucoma onset.ResultsThe proportion of statin users was higher in the case group (40.5%) than that in the control group (38.4%). After adjusting for baseline characteristics and longitudinal claims records, statin use was not associated with glaucoma onset (OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.11). However, an increased risk of glaucoma onset was observed in participants with a longer duration of statin use (>3 years vs <1 year: OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.21). With respect to specific types of statins, participants taking rosuvastatin were more likely to suffer from glaucoma (OR 1.11, 95%CI 1.01 to 1.22). The use of other statins was not significantly associated with glaucoma onset.ConclusionsLong-term statin use was found to be associated with a higher risk of glaucoma onset in this study. Regarding specific types of statins, the increased risk of glaucoma onset was only observed in users of rosuvastatin.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Personal Hygiene with Hepatitis a Incident in Students

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 331
Author(s):  
Dwika Sari Sasoka ◽  
Prijono Satyabakti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTThe prevalence and distribution of Hepatitis A in Indonesia had been increased over past few years. It resulted in the endemic status of Hepatitis A in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to analyze the relationship between personal hygiene and Hepatitis A incidence in Jember. This study use a case-control design, with quantitative approach using primary data. Population of this study is student that has been randomize using simple random sampling for case group and purposive random sampling for control group. Respondents of this study is 15 for case group and 30 for control group. Idependent variable of this study is personal hygiene behaviour. Analysis are performed using Chi-Square test and Odd Ratio (CI = 95%). The study showed that majority case group have poor personal hygiene (53,3% respondents) and majority of control group have healthy personal hygiene (83,3% respondents). There is a significant relationship (p= 0,016) between personal hygiene with the incidence of Hepatitis A. Personal hygiene is the risk factor of Hepatitis A incidence, OR = 5,71 (95% CI: 1,17–29,88). The conclusion is there is a relationship between personal hygiene with Hepatitis A incidence. In order to increase awareness of personal hygiene to prevent Hepatitis A, is by using eating and drinking equipments proprietary, washing hands with soap before meals and after defecating, drinking boiled water and buy food in hygiene and sanitary food vendors.Keywords: Hepatitis A, personal hygiene, students, risk factor, case control

scholarly journals Faktor risiko obesitas pada ibu rumah tangga miskin

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Digna Niken Purwaningrum ◽  
Hamam Hadi ◽  
I Made Alit Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Fat Intake

Background: Food insecurity is associated with allocation of income for high energy density food consumption that may cause obesity in poor family. In addition, low physical activity may lead to obesity, particularly in individual living in disadvantaged situation.Objective: To identify risk factors of obesity among poor housewives in Yogyakarta.Method: This was a case control study, case group was obese housewives and the control group was non obese housewives. The locations of the study were Bumijo and Pringgokusuman which have high population density. The samples were taken purposively. Each group consisted of 70 housewives (1:1) and were matched according to age. Mc.Nemar test and conditional logistic regression were used to identify the risk factors of obesity.Results: There was no difference in characteristics between the two groups. Food insecurity reached 91,43% in the control group, proportion of excessive energy intake reached 37.86% in the case group, higher than in control group (24.29%). Excessive fat intake in the case group reached 30% whereas in the control group was 28.57%. Low physical activity reached 40% in the case group, and 10% in the control group. The result of Mc.Nemar test showed that food insecurity, energy and fat intake had no significant association with obesity (p>0.05). While physical activity was associated with obesity (p=0.0001). The result of conditional logistic regression showed physical activity was dominant risk factor for obesity among poor housewives (R2=0.1916).Conclusion: Food security status was not a risk factor for obesity in poor families; energy intake and fat intake contributed to the prevalence of obesity though the influence was smaller than physical activity.

scholarly journals Occupational noise exposure and hypertension: a case-control study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 30-30
Author(s):  
Feixia Wang ◽  
Xianping Song ◽  
Fenglei Li ◽  
Ying Bai ◽  
Lei Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Occupational Noise ◽  
Occupational Noise Exposure ◽  
Control Study

Risk Factors for Ectopic Pregnancy: A Multi-center Case Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nooria Atta ◽  
Fahima Aram ◽  
Nafisa Naseri ◽  
Mahbooba Sahak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Pelvic Surgery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is defined as a pregnancy in which fertilized oocyte implants outside the endometrial cavity. Although there is no known etiology for ectopic pregnancy, some risk factors of EP have been determined. It has been evident that ectopic pregnancy can be of multifactorial origin. This multicenter research aims to study risk factors associated with increased risk of ectopic pregnancy in women living in Kabul. Methods: A multicenter case control study was conducted in five tertiary maternity hospitals located in Kabul, Afghanistan. A total of 457 pregnant women were included in this study. In the case group, women with diagnosed ectopic pregnancy, while in control group women with intrauterine pregnancy were included. For each case in this study, two controls were enrolled. Results: The mean (SD) age of women in case group was 27.9 (6) years while in control group it was 26.4 (5.5) years. This difference was not statistically significant. We found a significant association between history of abortion and EP (Adj. OR=1.57; 95%CI: 1.02, 2.42). Having history of abdominal/pelvic surgery was a risk factor for EP with adjusted OR 1.94 (95%CI: 1.15, 3.30). In this study we found an increasing risk of EP in women of 35 years or older compared to younger women (Crude OR=2.26; p= 0.024). In women reporting prior EP, the chance of its recurrence was increased (Crude OR= 9.64; 95%CI: 1.1, 83.2). No association of gravidity and parity was found with EP incidence. Conclusions: In this study we found a statistically significant association between history of abdominal/pelvic surgery and EP. In addition, history of abortion was suggested as a risk factor for ectopic pregnancy. In case of having a previous EP probability of its recurrence will be increased. Women with advanced age having other potential risk factors will be facing higher risk of EP.

scholarly journals Effect of Spironolactone on COVID-19 in Patients With Underlying Liver Cirrhosis: A Nationwide Case-Control Study in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongsub Jeon ◽  
Minkook Son ◽  
Jonggi Choi
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cell Entry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Control Study

Purpose: On the basis that spironolactone is involved in ACE2 expression and TMPRSS2 activity, previous studies have suggested that spironolactone may influence the infectivity of COVID-19. Research has suggested that cell entry of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that induces COVID-19, is associated with the ACE2 receptor and TMPRSS2. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether spironolactone has a protective effect against COVID-19 and the development of associated complications in patients with liver cirrhosis.Methods: We conducted a nationwide case-control study on liver cirrhosis patients with or without COVID-19 from the population-based data acquired from the National Health Insurance Systems of Republic of Korea. After 1:5 case-control matching, multivariable adjusted conditional logistic regression analysis was performed.Results: Among the patients with liver cirrhosis, the case group with COVID-19 was found to be significantly less exposed to spironolactone compared with the control group without COVID-19. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) between the two groups was 0.20 (0.07–0.54). In addition, regardless of cumulative dose of spironolactone, exposure to spironolactone was associated with lower COVID-19 infection. In terms of the development of complications due to COVID-19, spironolactone did not show any significant association between the patients with and without complications (P = 0.43). The adjusted OR and 95% CI between the two groups was 1.714 (0.246–11.938).Conclusion: We conclude that spironolactone may reduce susceptibility to COVID-19 but does not affect the development of its associated complications; however, further studies are needed to confirm the exact association between spironolactone and COVID-19 infection.

scholarly journals Attributable fraction of work accidents related to occupational noise exposure in a Southeastern city of Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1649-1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Dias ◽  
Ricardo Cordeiro
Keyword(s):  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Attributable Fraction ◽  
Occupational Noise ◽  
Occupational Noise Exposure ◽  
Auditory Dysfunction ◽  
Work Accidents ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Control Study

Noise is the most frequent type of occupational exposure and can lead to both auditory and extra-auditory dysfunction as well as increasing the risk of work accidents. The purpose of this study was to estimate the attributable fraction of work accidents related to occupational noise exposure in a medium-sized city in Southeast Brazil. In this hospital-based case-control study, including 600 cases and 822 controls, the odds ratio of work accidents (controlled for several covariables) was obtained classifying occupational noise exposure into four levels and determining the prevalence at each level. Based on these data, the calculated attributable fraction was 0.3041 (95%CI: 0.2341-0.3676), i.e., 30% of work accidents in the study area were statistically associated with occupational noise exposure. The authors discuss the causes of this association and the implications for the prevention of work accidents.

Association Between Medications and Herpes Zoster in Japanese Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A 5-year Prospective Cohort Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 988-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayoko Harada ◽  
Ryoko Sakai ◽  
Fumio Hirano ◽  
Nobuyuki Miyasaka ◽  
Masayoshi Harigai
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Oral Corticosteroids

Objective.To investigate the association between medications and herpes zoster (HZ) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) given biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARD) or conventional synthetic DMARD in the clinical setting during 5 years using the Registry of Japanese Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients on Biologics for Longterm Safety (REAL) database.Methods.We calculated the crude incidence rate (IR) of HZ treated with systemic antiviral medications in 1987 patients from the REAL database. To estimate the association between HZ and medications, a nested case control study was performed with 1:5 case-control pairs matched for age, sex, observation start year, and comorbidity (HZ case group, n = 43; control group, n = 214). We calculated OR and 95% CI of the use of bDMARD, methotrexate (MTX), and corticosteroids for the occurrence of HZ using a conditional logistic regression analysis.Results.The median patient age was 60.0 years, female proportion was 81.5%, and median disease duration was 6.0 years. The crude IR (95% CI) of HZ was 6.66 (4.92–8.83)/1000 person-years. The OR (95% CI) of medication use were 2.28 (1.09–4.76) for tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) and 1.13 (1.03–1.23) for oral corticosteroids dosage (per 1 mg prednisolone increment), both of which were significantly elevated. The OR of non-TNFi and MTX usage were not elevated.Conclusion.TNFi use and higher corticosteroids dosage were significantly associated with HZ in Japanese patients with RA in the clinical setting.

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