scholarly journals Long-term Health Ailments among COVID-19 recovered patients in South Asian Countries: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ponram P ◽  
C Mythili
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic declared as Global Health Emergency by World Health Organization. The novel SARS-CoV-2 virus is the major cause of COVID-19.Although the recovery rate of COVID-19 is higher, the recovered patients experience mild to severe health ailments post recovery. These health ailments affect their routine day to day life and also their quality of life. The key objective of this study is to find out the prevalence of various health ailments among COVID recovered population from south Asian countries.Methods: A descriptive cross-section study was conducted among 384 COVID-19 recovered population in South Asian Countries through randomized survey. Ethical approval of the institution was obtained and a convenient sampling technique was done. Statistical package for Social Sciences is used for the analysis of the data. . Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary dataResults: Among 384 samples, 68% of patients had post COVID-19 long term extreme tiredness and 64% of patients reported with sleepless ness. 73% of patients had fever and smell loss during the COVID19. 64% had reported body pain and cough when they had the infection. 42% of the patients were healthy ones without any comorbidity prior to COVID.Conclusions: The study concludes that there was high prevalence of long term illness among COVID-19 recovered patients and the prevalence was reported even in patients who had no comorbidities prior to COVID19 are the dominant health disorders prevalent among COVID-19 recovered population.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Pneumonia among Children 2 – 59 Months of Age in Gumay District, Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anteneh Tesfaye ◽  
Desta Hiko ◽  
Teshome Kabeta
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Jimma Zone ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background Recent estimates from the World Health Organization suggest that pneumonia is responsible for 20% of deaths in the under-five age group, leading to 3 million deaths per year. Out of fifteen countries that have the highest death rate from clinical pneumonia in children younger than five-year-old, Ethiopia ranks as number four in the world. Objective To determine the prevalence and identify the associated factors of pneumonia among 2 -59 months old children in Gumay district, Jimma zone, 2017. Methods Community based cross sectional study was conducted in Gumay district from March 1- 26 /2017. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to proportionally draw 347 households from 5 selected kebeles. Pre-tested Interviewer administered structured questionnaire was employed to collect data from households. Health professionals were recruited in the survey as data collectors and supervisors. The data was entered to Epi-Data version 3 and then exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Result The prevalence of pneumonia in 2 to 59 months old children found to be 7.5%. a child 2-11 months of age(AOR = 3.17;95%CI 1.6,6.3; p-value= 0.024), Cooking place (AOR=5.7; 95% CI 1.83,18; p-value=0.004), living in houses with less than two windows (AOR= 3.18; 95% CI 1.07, 9.5; p-value =0.034), location of the child during cooking (AOR=5.15; 95%CI 1.6, 16.7; p-value= 0.008) and being not vaccinated (AOR=4.76, 95% CI;1.69, 13.37; p-value=0.003) were found to be significant associated with pneumonia among children 2 to 59 months of age in this study.

scholarly journals Mother's Behavior in Exclusive Breastfeeding and Factors Affecting It in the Working Area of Air Dingin Padang Health Center

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Erda Mutiara Halida ◽  
Feni Andriani
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Formula Milk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Health Organization

United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that children only be breastfed with breast milk (ASI) for at least six months in an effort to reduce child morbidity and mortality. Solid food should be given after the child is 6 months old, and breastfeeding continued until the child is two years old. Many factors will affect the success of exclusive breastfeeding including knowledge, education, occupation, problems with the mother's breast, and interest in formula milk promotion. This study aims to determine how the behavior of mothers in exclusive breastfeeding and the factors that influence it. This type of research is quantitative with a cross sectional study design. The independent variables of this study were education, mother's knowledge and husband's support, while the dependent variable is the mother's behavior in exclusive breastfeeding. The subjects in this study were all mothers who had babies aged 6-12 months with multistage sampling technique. The statistical test in this study used the Chi Square test. The results showed that there was no relationship between mother's knowledge and mother's education with mother's behavior in exclusive breastfeeding (p>0.05), and there was a relationship between husband's support and mother's behavior in exclusive breastfeeding (p=0.000)

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN DISMENOREA PADA SISWI SMAN 1 LOLAK

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 804-813
Author(s):  
Strahmawati Hamzah ◽  
Hamzah B
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Secondary Dysmenorrhea ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Age Of Menarche

ABSTRACT Data from the World Health Organization shows that the incidence of dysmenorrhea is quite high throughout the world. The average incidence of dysmenorrhea in young women is between 16,8%-81%. The prevalence of adolescent girls in Indonesia is that the incidence of dysmenorrhea is 64,25%, consisting of 54,89% primary dysmenorrhea and 9,36% secondary dysmenorrhea. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors associated with the incidence of dysmenorrhea in SMA Negeri 1 Lolak. This study used an analytic observational design with a cross sectional study design with a sample size of 68 respondents. The sampling technique used was total sampling. Data for each variable was collected using a questionnaire through interviews and then the data was then analyzed by univariate and bivariate with chi square test. The results of research conducted at SMAN 1 Lolak showed that there was a relationship between the age of menarche and the incidence of dysmenorrhea in class XI students (p = 0,030 < 0,05), there was a relationship between family history and the incidence of dysmenorrhea in class XI students (p = 0,039 < 0,05), and there is a relationship between exercise habits and the incidence of dysmenorrhea in class XI students (p=0,024

scholarly journals Stunting and Its Determinants among Children Aged 6–59 Months in Northern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiferaw Abeway ◽  
Bereket Gebremichael ◽  
Rajalakshmi Murugan ◽  
Masresha Assefa ◽  
Yohannes Mehretie Adinew
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

Background. Stunting reflects chronic undernutrition during the most critical periods of growth and development in early life. The study was aimed at assessing the magnitude of stunting and associated factors among children aged 6–59 month in central Ethiopia. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 410 children aged between 6 and 59 months. Systematic random sampling technique was employed to select study participants. Interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data. The data were entered using EPI INFO version 3.5.1, and analysis was done by SPSS version 21 and ENA, 2007 software for anthropometric calculation. World Health Organization standard 2006 was used to analyse anthropometric data. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were also carried out to identify predictors of stunting. Statistical significance was declared at p<0.05 and 95% CI. Results. Overall magnitude of stunting was 52.4 (95% CI: 47.6–57.2). Being female (AOR: 2.8, 95% CI: 1.503–5.099), belonging to age group of 25–59 months (AOR: 4, 95% CI: 1.881–8.424) and birth weight of <2.5 kg (AOR: 5, 95% CI: 1.450–17.309), mothers' lack of ANC visits (AOR: 3.2 95% CI: 1.40–7.10), and mistimed complementary feeding initiation (AOR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.266–4.606) were positively associated with child stunting, whereas educational status of the mother (AOR: 0.01, 95% CI: 0.001–0.063) showed negative association. Conclusion. Stunting was a highly prevalent problem in the study area. Low weight at birth, female sex, older age, mistimed initiation of complimentary feeding, and mothers’ lack of ANC visit were found to have significant relation with children’s chronic malnutrition. Thus, interventions shall effectively address those factors to alleviate the problem.

scholarly journals Pattern of complementary feeding among infants: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 4366
Author(s):  
Pragnya Paramita Bhoi ◽  
Smruti Pragyan Sahoo ◽  
Sonali Mangaraj ◽  
Niyati Das ◽  
Purnima Sahoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Education ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Source Of Information

Background: The world health organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life, with the addition of complementary feeds at six months with continued breastfeeds until at least the age of two. This study aimed to assess the period and pattern of initiation of complementary feeding and to find out the prevalence of malnutrition among infants (6-12 months).Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken by taking 50 infants with the help of purposive sampling technique at pediatric OPD of Pradyumna Bal Memorial Hospital, KIMS, Bhubaneswar. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the baseline information by face to face interview and Anthropometric examination was conducted to asess the growth pattern. Anthropometric measurements were interpreted by using WHO Anthro Analyzer software and statistical analysis was done by using SPSS 20 Software.Results: The study findings revealed that most of the mother (64%) has initiated the Complementary feeding after 6 months of age, 88% mothers were continuing breastfeeding along with CF. No infants were given cow’s milk. There was significant association of initiation of complementary feeding with maternal education and source of information and age of the infant. Percentage of malnourished infants is 32%. Mothers were preferring to give formula food rather than the home made one.Conclusions: The study concluded that late introduction of complementary feeding are still prevalent in our society. The most precious and vulnerable age group of our society are suffering from malnutrition. Antenatal counselling of mother and appropriate dietary modification should be done after thorough screening during antenatal and postnatal visit. 

scholarly journals Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infestation among Pre-school Children in Skardu, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faisal Afridi ◽  
Arshad Khushdil ◽  
Kulsoom Farhat ◽  
Zaheer Ahmed ◽  
Hajra Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
School Children ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Demographical Data

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) reports that around 270 million pre-school children and over six hundred million school children are likely to be infested with one or more types of the intestinal worms. The helminthic infestations are indicators of the low socioeconomic status, lack of education, lack of good hygienic conditions and inaccessibility to potable water. Our study aimed to estimate prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among 1 to 5 years old children residing in the district Skardu of Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out on pre-school children of the district Skardu from August 2016 to January 2017. A sample of 300 children was obtained using non-probability convenience sampling technique. Demographical data was obtained through the structured questionnaire. The stool sample was collected and examined for intestinal parasites. The data was analysed using SPSS. Results: The prevalent intestinal helminths were found to be Ascaris Lumbricoides, Cryptosporidium , Hymenolepis Nana and Giardia with proportion of 22.33% , 14.0% , 9.3% and 8.0% respectively in our study population. 85% children of the sample belonged to low or lower middle socio-economic (SE) groups; correspondingly, increased prevalence of intestinal helminthic infestation was noted in the same SE groups. Conclusion: A high prevalence of these parasitic infections have been found in the children in Sakardu, which increases with age as the children start eating by themselves.

scholarly journals Assessment of risk factors for hypertension in Dormaa municipality in Ghana using the World Health Organization STEPS approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-180
Author(s):  
Fidelis Atibila ◽  
Ellis Owusu Dabo ◽  
James Avoka Asamani ◽  
Charles Ampong Adjei ◽  
Francis Abande Akugri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Introduction: Hypertension (HPT) is a significant public health challenge worldwide and is the single most important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. As life expectancy rates improve in Ghana and the prevalence of risk factors increase, the burden of non-communicable diseases such as HPT is also expected to increase. However, little is known about the specific factors that predispose of Ghanaians to a higher risk of HPT. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Dormaa Municipality in Ghana using the World Health Organization STEPwise approach to investigate risk factors for HPT. Study participants were recruited by probability proportional sampling technique. In all, 202 males and 198 females participated in this study. Results: The mean age of the participants was 50.06 years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 48.46–51.66). In all, 40% of all participants in this study had elevated blood pressure (BP) (BP ≥140/90 mmHg). Further, the rate of isolated systolic HPT was 11.2% among the study population (12.9% in males and 9.6% in females). Risk factors as measured in the population were advancing age >45 years (odds ratio [OR] = 2.745, CI 1.20–6.30, p = 0.017), gender (44.6% males versus 35.4% females with elevated BP, male OR = 0.492, CI 0.28–0.86, p = 0.012), and tobacco use (OR = 2.66, CI 1.41–5.04, p = 0.003). Males reported higher mean portions of fruits (p = 0.036) and vegetable servings than females (p = 0.009) and spent more time each day on physical activities compared to females (p = 0.000). Conclusion: The results of the present study provide useful data on HPT prevalence and associated risk factors in the Dormaa Municipality and the Brong-Ahafo Region of Ghana. To be able to control HPT in the municipality, health practitioners and policymakers should focus on these modifiable risk factors.

Prevention Knowledge and Its Practice Towards COVID-19 Among General Population of Saudi Arabia: A Gender-based Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freah Alshammary ◽  
Ammar Ahmed Siddiqui ◽  
Junaid Amin ◽  
Muhammad Ilyas ◽  
Hassaan Anwer Rathore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Better Than

Background: This study is an original contribution to the gender-based perspective of measuring knowledge and practice towards COVID-19 among Saudi population. Objective: This study investigates the existing knowledge of COVID-19 among both genders and its likely use in practice to combat COVID-19. Design and Setting: Cross sectional study with an online survey and data collected from all the five regions of Saudi Arabia. Participants and Method: A structured, self-reported validated questionnaire was developed based on the World Health Organization (WHO) general public advice towards COVID-19 prevention. This study has employed snow-ball sampling technique. Sample Size: 627 participants (Male n=343, 54.7%) and (Females n=284, 45.3%) Results: This study has found that women not only carry better knowledge, but their practicing behavior is far better than the male respondents. Females practiced their knowledge of hands hygiene more in comparison to males (86% vs 80 %, p >0.05). Female respondents were also practicing more about sneezing/coughing into their elbows as compared to males(79 % vs 71%, p < 0.05). Likewise, the practice of knowledge of staying at home to prevent infection (females 98.2 % vs males 95.5%, p > 0.05), and (females 83.2 % vs males 81.5%, p > 0.05) respectively. Conclusion: This study shows that women were more compliant to the WHO public health covid-19 prevention advice than men which can decrease the chances of covid-19 infection.

scholarly journals The Prevalence and Risk Factors for Low Birth Weight among Term Newborns in Adwa General Hospital, Northern Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yisak Gebregzabiherher ◽  
Abera Haftu ◽  
Solomon Weldemariam ◽  
Haftom Gebrehiwet
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

Background. World health organization estimates that 25 million LBW babies are born annually worldwide and 95% occur in developing countries. Objective. To assess the prevalence and associated factors of low birth weight among term neonates delivered in Adwa Hospital, Northern Ethiopia. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among neonates delivered in Adwa Hospital. All live births delivered from July 1, 2014, to June 30, 2016, were included in this study. The study participants were selected through systematic sampling technique and the data was collected using a structured questionnaire. Data was entered to Epi Data version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. To identify independent predictors, bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regressions were employed. Adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were used to determine the strength of association. Results. The prevalence of term low birth weight was 10%. The risk factors were mothers aged less than 20 years, mothers whose pregnancy was desired, mothers with a history of abortion, and mothers with normal hemoglobin, iron with folic acid, and HIV status. Conclusion. The burden of LBW obtained in this study was in the same range as in some other countries.

Evaluation of Drug Use Based on WHO Prescribing Indicator in Mizan- Tepi University Teaching Hospital, south Western Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Hambisa ◽  
Rediet Feleke ◽  
Ameha Zewudie ◽  
Mohammed Yimam
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

Background:: Rational drug use comprises aspects of prescribing, dispensing and patient use of medicines for different health problems. This study is aimed to assess drug prescribing practice based on the world health organization prescribing indicators in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital. Methods:: An institutional based retrospective cross sectional study was conducted to evaluate prescribing practices in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital. Data were collected based on World health organization drug use indicators using prescription papers. 600 prescriptions dispensed through the general outpatient pharmacy of the hospital were collected by systematic random sampling method from prescriptions written for a 1-year time in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital. Results:: The present study found that the average number of drugs per prescription was 2.04 ± 0.87 in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital with a range between 1 and 5. Prescribing by generic name was 97.6 % and 47.8% of prescriptions contained antibiotics in the hospital. 27.7% of prescriptions contained at least one injectable medication in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital. From prescribed drugs, 96.7% of them were prescribed from Ethiopian essential drug list. Conclusion:: Present study indicated that the average number of drugs prescribed per encounter, the percentage of generic prescribing and prescribing from the EDL were close to optimal value. However, the percentage of encounters with antibiotics and injections prescribed were found be very high. Thus, the study highlights some improvements in prescribing habits, particularly by focusing on the inappropriate consumption of antibiotics and injections.

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