scholarly journals Optimization of extraction techniques for processing and utilization of Cyperus Dichrostachus A. Rich Plant as fiber

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
BELETE BAYE Gelaw ◽  
Tamrat Tesfaye
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
High Price ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Fiber Yield ◽  
Green Materials

Abstract The Textile industry is an important contributor to the GDP of countries worldwide. Both natural and synthetic fibers are the main raw materials for this sector. Environmental concerns, depletion of non-renewable resources, the high price of oil and limited oil reserves with consumer demand is driving research into cheap, biodegradable, sustainable, renewable and abundantly available green materials. Natural fibers are of the good substitute sources for swapping synthetic fibers and reinforcing polymer matrices because of their contributions in maintaining of ecology, nature of disposal, low energy requirement for processing and sustainability. The current research emphases on evaluating and determining the best extraction methods to process and treat cyperus Dichrostachus A.Rich plant in order to make the fiber suitable for variety of applications. Cyperus Dichrostachus A.Rich plant was treated with two conditions (cold and warm conditions) using statistically planned tests. Process conditions were optimised using central composite design methodology with the experimental design. Under optimised conditions, the strength and fiber yield of CDA fibers were significantly compared. The strength and fiber yield of the fiber was at maximized with optimized conditions and use for valorisation applications.

PU composites based on different types of textile fibers

2021 ◽  
pp. 002199832110316
Author(s):  
Nuno Gama ◽  
B Godinho ◽  
Ana Barros-Timmons ◽  
Artur Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
High Water ◽  
Textile Fibers ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Hydrophilic Nature ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Recycled Composites

In this study polyurethane (PU) residues were mixed with residues of textile fibers (cotton, wool and synthetic fibers up to 70 wt/wt) to produce 100% recycled composites. In addition, the effect of the type of fiber on the performance of the ensuing composites was evaluated. The presence of fibers showed similar effect on the density, reducing the density in the 5.5-9.0% range. In a similar manner, the addition of fillers decreased their thermal conductivity. The 70 wt/wt wool composite presented 38.1% lower thermal conductivity when compared to the neat matrix, a reduction that was similar for the other type of fibers. Moreover, the presence of fillers yields stiffer materials, especially in the case of the Wool based composites, which with 70 wt/wt of filler content increased the tensile modulus of the ensuing material 3.4 times. This was attributed to the aspect ratio and stiffness of this type of fiber. Finally, the high-water absorption and lower thermal stability observed, especially in the case of the natural fibers, was associated with the hydrophilic nature of fibers and porosity of composites. Overall, the results suggest that these textile-based composites are suitable for construction and automotive applications, with the advantage of being produced from 100% recycled raw-materials, without compromised performance.

scholarly journals Characterization of a New Fiber From Cyperus Dichrostachus A.Rich Plant

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
BELETE BAYE GELAW(Lecturer) ◽  
Tamrate Tesfaye(D.r)
Keyword(s):  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Renewable Biomass ◽  
Potential Benefits

Abstract Natural fibers are of the good substitute sources for swapping synthetic fibers and reinforcing polymer matrices because of their contributions in maintaining of ecology, low energy requirement for processing and sustainability. The aim of this study is to characterize new fiber from Cyperus Dichrostachus A.Rich (CDA) plant. The CDA plant is a perennial non woody grass found in Ethiopian high lands and river basins. The fiber from this plant has good chemical composition of Cellulose (60.27%), hemicellulose (22.72%), lignin (16.59%) contents. It is light fiber having a density of 1010kg/m3 and good tenacity behaviour of 105.76cN/Tex with low elongation of 4.88%. The thermal stability of Cyperus Dicrostachys A,Rich fiber (CDAF) was studied using TGA and DTG analysis and revealed that the cellulose degraded at a temperature of 377.1°C. Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed that CDAF is rich in cellulose content. Furthermore, the properties of CDAF ensured that it can play a vital role as new reinforcement material and best alternative in bio composite industries. This will give competitive advantages when evaluated with other natural fibers reveals that there are significant potential benefits in implementation of “cleaner production” in textile material production industries. Specifically, replacement of synthetic fiber source with renewable biomass will reduce the environmental impact of these fibers. The future study will entail on investigating the possible valorization route especially in paper board, composite reinforcement and bio composite applications.

scholarly journals Properties of Fibrous Composites with Polyester: A Comparative Analysis Between Sisal Fiber and Pet

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-340
Author(s):  
Matheus Vinicius Falcão Moreira ◽  
Lorrane Carneiro Laranjeira Silva ◽  
Joyce Batista Azevedo ◽  
Pollyana da Silva Melo Cardoso ◽  
Josiane Dantas Viana Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Sisal Fiber ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Concentration ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
New Material ◽  
Sisal Fibers

Fiber-reinforced composites represent 75% of the application of these materials in several industrial segments. It has the purpose of improving technical characteristics and reducing environmental impact through the use of sustainable raw materials such as natural fibers and other fibers from industrial waste. In this sense, the objective of this work was to study and compare the mechanical properties of polyester composites (PL) reinforced with natural sisal fiber and residues of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) synthetic fibers. Initially, we evaluated the moisture and morphology of the fibers. The composites with PL matrix were obtained and the fiber concentration varied by 1%, 3%, and 5% by weight. In the composites, the mechanical properties under flexion and impact resistance were evaluated. We concluded that the level of reinforcement with sisal fibers did not significantly affect the mechanical properties. However, the PET fiber provided significant improvements in the properties of the composite. Thus, the composites reinforced with PET fiber residue have advantages in the development of new material with sustainable characteristics.  

scholarly journals Study on The Mechanical Properties of Roselle Fiber and Palm Seed Powder Reinforced Epoxy Hybrid Composite

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 001-006
Author(s):  
Sakthi Vadivel K ◽  
Vigneshwaran K ◽  
Sivaraj C
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Physical Description ◽  
Cultural Methods ◽  
Fiber Extraction ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Water Absorption Test ◽  
Main Component

Recently, due to increasing environmental concerns, scientists and researchers have been replacing synthetic fibers with natural fibers as the main component in composites. Roselle is one suitable natural fiber. The plant’s history, physical description, cultural methods, and usages were explained to further understand this potential plant. It is clear that extensive research has been performed on the fiber extraction methods, properties, and possible surface treatments of Roselle fibers to enhance its properties in the manufacturing of natural-fiber-reinforced polymer composites.Also Epoxy hybrid Palm Seed powder with Roselle fiber to strengthen the materials; however, no review has covered the properties and applications of Roselle fibers and palm seed powders in detail. Thus we have investigated Tensile, Impact, Flexural and Water absorption test of Roselle fiber and Palm Seed powder composite. Therefore, a study was performed on Roselle fiber to determine its potential to enable a better selection of materials to produce composites for potential applications in the construction and building, automotive, and aerospace industries.

Scanning Electron Micrsocopy of Various Natural Textile Fibers

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (S2) ◽  
pp. 834-835
Author(s):  
Gisela Buschle-Diller
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Plant Fibers ◽  
Renewable Raw Materials ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Processing Steps ◽  
Microscopic Techniques ◽  
Scanning Electron

Plant fibers such as cotton, hemp and flax have been cultivated for textile purposes for thousands of years. These natural fibers play an important role in daily life as apparel fibers since they provide unique comfort properties unsurpassed by synthetic fibers. However, their use is not limited to the apparel sector. In recent years the market share of consumer textiles and industrial products made from all kinds of natural fibers has tremendously increased as they present a valuable source of renewable raw materials. Investigating their surface features by microscopic techniques is important to control the performance of the desired end-product. Processing steps involving heat, light or exposure to chemicals might have a significant impact on the specific surface properties of a fiber whether or not this was originally intended. Scanning electron microscopy is therefore a very useful tool for the characterization of textile products to determine the effectiveness and eventual resulting damage from physical or chemical treatments.

scholarly journals POTENTIAL OF RICE STRAW AS A NATURAL FIBER MATERIAL FOR COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Lulu Fahriah Lihawa ◽  
Itsna Wafiyatul Izzah ◽  
Khairum Hawari Qolbiyah Siregar ◽  
Kurnia Syarafina Ramadhanti ◽  
Harum Azizah Darojati
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
Nuclear Radiation ◽  
Commercial Products ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Natural Cellulose

Cellulose is a material used in producing natural fibers, which is more environmentally friendly than synthetic fibers. Rice straw waste contains much cellulose and has potential as natural fiber. However, before the natural cellulose fiber is extracted from the rice straw, it must pass through several processes, such as chemicals or nuclear radiation, especially during the pretreatment process. Furthermore, the resulting natural fibers are utilized to replace synthetic fibers for use as raw materials in manufacturing several commercial products. This review describes a process that can be applied to manufacture natural fibers from rice straw and commercial products made from natural cellulose fibers.

scholarly journals Spinneret geometry modulates the mechanical properties of man-made cellulose fibers

Cellulose ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaniz Moriam ◽  
Daisuke Sawada ◽  
Kaarlo Nieminen ◽  
Yibo Ma ◽  
Marja Rissanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Capillary Length ◽  
Entrance Angle ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
High Toughness ◽  
Spinning Process ◽  
Materials Used

AbstractThe production of cellulose-based textile fibers with high toughness is vital for extending the longevity and thus developing a sustainable textile industry by reducing the global burden of microplastics. This study presented strategies to improve fiber toughness by tuning spinneret geometries. Experimental studies were conducted by spinning with different spinneret geometries and measuring the mechanical and structural properties of the spun fibers. In addition, numerical simulation tools were used to better understand the effects of spinneret geometry. The altering parameters of the spinneret geometries were the capillary diameters D, the angle of the entry cone into the spinning capillary, and the ratio of capillary length to diameter L/D. The highest fiber toughness could be achieved at a capillary aspect ratio of 1 to 2. The obtained maximum fiber toughness was 93 MPa with a tensile strength of 60 cN/tex and a concomitant elongation of 16.5%. For these fiber properties, a 13 wt% solution of a high-purity pulp with higher viscosity in [DBNH][OAc] was spun into a 1.3 dtex fiber using a D100 spinneret with a capillary of 1:1 length/diameter and an entrance angle of 8°. It was noticeable that the microvoid orientations decreased almost linearly with increasing toughness of the fibers. The morphologies of the fibers were similar regardless of the spinneret geometries and the raw materials used in the spinning process. In summary, by modulating the spinneret geometries, Ioncell fibers obtained high toughness that have the potential to replace synthetic fibers.

A Review on Milkweed Fiber Properties as a High-Potential Raw Material in Textile Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1412-1436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanaz Hassanzadeh ◽  
Hossein Hasani
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Process Condition ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Technical Application ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Functional Behavior ◽  
Application Fields ◽  
Available Information

Importance of solving the environmental pollution has attracted lots of designers and engineers’ attentions towards finding different available solutions such as substituting polymer-based raw materials with the natural ones. Thus, significant efforts applied by the researchers are generally involved to find new recourses of natural fibers instead of using the petroleum-based synthetic fibers. Among the variety of newly known natural resources, Milkweed is categorized as a versatile substitutive fiber with numerous unique properties which are mainly attributed to their hollowness structures. The presence of hollow channel along the fiber length is responsible for their lightweight and good insulation properties. Because of the fibers’ ecological and chemical benefits, numerous technical application fields could be considered for the eco-friendly and non-allergenic textiles made of Milkweed fibers especially in production of medical goods. Since morphological aspects as well as physical and mechanical properties of the Milkweed fibers significantly affect their functional behavior during their end uses, here in this review paper it is aimed to summarize all the available information regarding the fibers’ characteristics and properties. Having fundamental knowledge about the spin-ability of Milkweed fibers as well as finding the optimized process condition for their carding operation is considered to be the important points for obtaining such applicable textile products with desired properties.

Effects of Olive Pit and Almond Shell Powder on Polypropylene

2017 ◽  
Vol 733 ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munir Tasdemir
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Almond Shell ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Free Disposal ◽  
Green Materials ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Shell Powder

The outgrowing ecological and socio-economic awareness, high consumption of petroleum resources and new environmentally strong regulations especially in European countries have prompted researchers to investigate on green materials compatible with the environment. As replacements for conventional synthetic fibers like aramid and glass fibers, natural fibers are increasingly used for reinforcement in thermoplastics due to their low density, good thermal insulation and mechanical properties, reduced tool wear, unlimited availability, low price, and problem-free disposal. The purpose for the addition of cellulose-based fillers to thermoplastics is to reduce the cost per unit volume and to improve stiffness.In the present work I have prepared a series of filled Polypropylene (PP) composites with olive pit and almond shell flour loading (between 0–40 wt %), to study the effect of the filler content on the mechanical and morphological properties of polypropylene polymer composites.

Anthocyanins: Chemical Properties and Health Benefits: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siraj Salman Mohammad ◽  
Renata Oliveira Santos ◽  
Maria Ivone Barbosa ◽  
José Lucena Barbosa Junior
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
The Body ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Food Processes ◽  
Shed Light

: Anthocyanins are widely spread in different kinds of food, especially fruits and floral tissues, there is an extensive range of anthocyanin compounds reach more than 600 exist in nature. Anthocyanins can be used as antioxidants and raw material for several applications in food and pharmaceutical industry. Consequently, a plenty of studies about anthocyanins sources and extraction methods were reported. Furthermore, many studies about their stability, bioactive and therapeutic properties have been done. According to the body of work, we firstly worked to shed light on anthocyanin properties including chemical, antioxidant and extraction properties. Secondly, we reported the applications and health benefits of anthocyanin including the applications in food processes and anthocyanin characteristics as therapeutic and prophylactic compounds. We reviewed anticancer, anti-diabetic, anti-fatness, oxidative Stress and lipid decreasing and vasoprotective effects of anthocyanins. In conclusion, because the importance of phytochemicals and bioactive compounds the research is still continuing to find new anthocyanins from natural sources and invest them as raw materials in the pharmaceutical and nutrition applications.

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